dam在文献中，一般代指上代母性动物。
school readiness 我理解的意思大概是小孩子的早教

祝福

Q1中的单词没有背景交代吗？

supplemented dams、controlled dams可能见于研究某种添加剂对怀孕动物的影响。supplemented dams是用添加剂的母体，controlled dams是对照母体
school readiness是说小孩对上学的心理准备程度。

引用回帖:

6楼: Originally posted by ANDPing at 2017-04-26 19:15:45
Q1中的单词没有背景交代吗？

The
distribution patterns for radiolabeled choline metabo
lites in fetuses of supplemented dams accumulated
significantly (P < 0.01) more of their total choline and
its metabolites than fetuses of control dams during d
12-17 of gestation (50 vs. 20%). In fetuses from sup
plemented dams, betalne concentrations were greater
than in fetuses from control dams in all organs assayed
(by 36-57%). Phosphorylcholine concentrations in
brain of fetuses from supplemented dams were also
greater. These experiments identify potential metabo
lites of choline that might mediate the observed effects
on brain development in the rats
，