Magnetic Interactions in Molecules and Solids
分子和固体中的磁性相互作用

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This textbook is the second volume in the Theoretical Chemistry and Computational Modeling series and aims to explain the theoretical basis of magnetic interactions at a level that will be useful for master students in physical, inorganic and organic chemistry.
这本教科书是理论化学和计算模型系列的第二卷，旨在解释磁相互作用的理论基础，这将对物理、无机和有机化学的硕士生有用。



The book gives a treatment of magnetic interactions in terms of the phenomenological spin Hamiltonians that have been such powerful tools for chemistry and physics in the past half century, starting from the simple Heisenberg and Ising Hamiltonians and ending with Hamiltonians that include biquadratic, cyclic or anisotropic exchange. On the other hand, it also explains how quantum chemical methods, reaching from simple mean field methods to accurate models that include the effects of electron correlation and spin-orbit coupling, can help to understand the magnetic properties. Connecting the two perspectives is an essential aspect of the book, since it leads to a deeper understanding of the relation between physical phenomena and basic properties. It also makes clear that in many cases one can derive magnetic coupling parameters not only from experiment, but also from accurate ab initio calculations.
这本书从现象学的自旋哈密顿量来讨论磁相互作用，在过去的半个世纪里，哈密顿量一直是化学和物理的有力工具，从简单的海森堡和伊辛哈密顿量开始，到哈密顿量结束，包括双二次、循环或各向异性交换。另一方面，它也解释了量子化学方法，从简单的平均场方法到包括电子关联和自旋轨道耦合效应在内的精确模型，是如何帮助理解磁性的。将这两种观点联系起来是本书的一个重要方面，因为它能使人们更深入地理解物理现象和基本特性之间的关系。这也表明，在许多情况下，不仅可以从实验中，而且可以从精确的从头计算中得到磁耦合参数。

The book starts with introducing a selection of basic concepts and tools. Throughout the book the text is interlarded with exercises, stimulating the students to not only read but also verify the assertions and perform (parts of) the derivations by themselves. In addition, each chapter ends with a number of problems that can be used to check whether the material has been understood.
这本书首先介绍了一些基本概念和工具。在整本书中，课文与练习交织在一起，激发学生不仅要阅读，还要验证断言，并自己完成（部分）推导。此外，每章结尾都有一些问题，可以用来检查材料是否被理解。

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