The tetraethoxysilane (TEOS, 22.0 ml) was added into a solution containing ethanol (27 ml), deionized water (3.7 ml) and aqueous ammonia (30 wt.%, 7.0 ml) at 303 K with vigorous stirring. The mixture was stirred continuously for 1 h to get uniform silica spheres. A mixture solution containing of TEOS (14.5 ml) and octadecyltrimethoxysilane (C18TMS, 5.8 ml) was added into above colloidal solution and stirred for 1 h. The resulting products were dried in atmosphere at 363 K for 12 h and calcined at 873 K for 5 h under atmosphere to obtain final products.

Typically, SCMSS templates (1.0 g), glucose (0.5 g) and deionized water (100 ml) were mixed in a small flask and stirred dramatically with a magnetic stirrer in 343 K water bath until the mixture turned into a dry solid cake. Subsequently, the cake was heated in tube furnace with different heating rates from 373 K to 523 K in nitrogen atmosphere to make glucose melted and flow down along the mesopores of the templates. The cake was then heated to 1123 K and held at that temperature for 3 h to carbonize the glucose. The silica templates were removed by etching in 10% HF and washed by deionized water to obtain HCHs. 返回小木虫查看更多