24小时热门版块排行榜    

CyRhmU.jpeg
查看: 3336  |  回复: 8

maweisimple

铁虫 (小有名气)

[求助] 关于生物素标记抗体已有2人参与

大家好,我最近在做生物素标记小鼠单抗,用的是BNHS标记,前期要求将抗体置换到pH8.4的NaHCO3中,请问为什么要选用这个缓冲液?为什么不选用PBS?是为了pH的缘故吗?另外,怎样才能知道是否将生物素标记到Fab上了?请大家多多指教,谢谢!
回复此楼

» 收录本帖的淘帖专辑推荐

蛋白质生物学实验经验 科研

» 猜你喜欢

» 本主题相关价值贴推荐,对您同样有帮助:

Ifyouwantsomething,setitfree.Ifitcomesback,itisyours.Ifitdoesn't,itisnever.
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

凌波丽

专家顾问 (知名作家)

【答案】应助回帖

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
感谢参与,应助指数 +1
youlinglyw: 金币+6 2014-08-11 23:54:57
缓冲溶液的作用主要就是pH稳定性和离子强度的适合,还有避免缓冲溶液中的成分与样品分子发生共价链接,主要就是考虑这些。

链接很容易,就用EDC或者CMC等碳二亚胺,是最容易在羧基和氨基之间催化形成酰胺键,反应条件就是0到4度,过夜,用磁力搅拌子温和搅拌,pH<7反应快,不过pH=7或稍微pH>7也关系不大。EDC或者CMC等碳二亚胺催化活性极高,而且一般的蛋白质的分子表面总有Lys,Arg,Asn,Gln,所以游离在分子表面的羧基和氨基总是不少的,参与反应的两种蛋白质用大致10:1的比例混合(哪种蛋白质便宜,哪种蛋白质的物质的量就大些,但是这不是全部原因),反应样品浓度就按照平时使用时的浓度或略微更低浓度(别用储存液的浓度)即可。很容易反应,而且EDC或者CMC等碳二亚胺是零臂连接试剂,用于空间位阻,形成多分子交联可能较小,即使形成了也很容易用分子筛层析按照分子量区分开。

参与反应的两种蛋白质用大致10:1的比例混合(哪种蛋白质便宜,哪种蛋白质的物质的量就大些,但是这不是全部原因),为了避免两种蛋白质之间发生交联成为串联,因为一种蛋白质形成串联的可能性低一些;即使要形成串联的蛋白质串珠,最好也不要是价格高的那种;另外,EDC或者CMC等碳二亚胺催化活性极高,室温下即会催化,所以要在0到4度,过夜,用磁力搅拌子温和搅拌,一方面避免碳二亚胺催化活性太高形成串联的蛋白质串珠,另一方面,保护蛋白质不变性;反应样品浓度就按照平时使用时的浓度或略微更低浓度(别用储存液的浓度)即可,为什么?因为浓度高了更易形成串联的蛋白质串珠结构,浓度低了,没有反应成功,通过分子筛层析还可以分离出来接着连接,如果形成了酰胺键再要专一性切开就没有那么容易了。
2楼2014-08-11 23:38:24
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

maweisimple

铁虫 (小有名气)

引用回帖:
2楼: Originally posted by 凌波丽 at 2014-08-11 23:38:24
缓冲溶液的作用主要就是pH稳定性和离子强度的适合,还有避免缓冲溶液中的成分与样品分子发生共价链接,主要就是考虑这些。

链接很容易,就用EDC或者CMC等碳二亚胺,是最容易在羧基和氨基之间催化形成酰胺键,反应 ...

谢谢亲的回答。我现在没有用到碳二亚胺,而是用NHS,所以方案都是按照NHS做的,跟您的方案可能会有些差别。因为之前采用的是抗体与NaHCO3一比一混合,抗体原来的缓冲液是PBS,结果不好,采用NaHCO3透析后,就好很多,所以我还是想了解,碳酸盐缓冲液和PBS有什么差别呢?
Ifyouwantsomething,setitfree.Ifitcomesback,itisyours.Ifitdoesn't,itisnever.
3楼2014-08-12 10:58:21
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

凌波丽

专家顾问 (知名作家)

【答案】应助回帖

★ ★ ★ ★
maweisimple: 金币+4, ★★★很有帮助, 实在不好意思,金币比较少,非常非常感谢! 2014-08-12 13:31:21
引用回帖:
3楼: Originally posted by maweisimple at 2014-08-12 10:58:21
谢谢亲的回答。我现在没有用到碳二亚胺,而是用NHS,所以方案都是按照NHS做的,跟您的方案可能会有些差别。因为之前采用的是抗体与NaHCO3一比一混合,抗体原来的缓冲液是PBS,结果不好,采用NaHCO3透析后,就好很多 ...

NHS:N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺?
http://www.ts007.com/shtml/6066-82-6.htm
该试剂及其衍生物是合成肽、抗生素、氨基酸、蛋白质等重要原料。可用于制备活性酯,在肽偶联时抑制其外旋光作用的发生。
在医药方面用于活化羧基以用于酰胺键的形成。用于合成氨基酸保护剂、半合成卡那霉素B及医药中间体。
碳二亚胺法的添加剂,用于促进酰胺化和肽偶联反应。
用于合成抗菌素、抗原蛋白、缩氨酸等药物的催化剂及偶联剂,混纺纤维的印染助剂,打印机色带用非升华染料的渗透剂、除莠解毒剂,活性酯氨解催化剂以及有机酸的酰化剂等。
N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺催化酰胺键形成的原理与碳二亚胺差不多,有时碳二亚胺里也会加入N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺。

PBS缓冲液也就是磷酸缓冲液(phosphate buffersolution)一般作为溶剂,起溶解保护试剂的作用,具体试剂一般也有不同的比例配方,在针对性上就有了更好的效果。是生物化学研究中使用最为广泛的一种缓冲液,通常使用的有磷酸钠缓冲液(NaH2PO4&Na2HPO4)和磷酸钾缓冲液(K2HPO4&KH2PO4),由于它们有二级解离,缓冲的pH值范围很广,一般的稳定的pH范围为:7.2~7.4。酸盐缓冲溶液在医学词汇中还缩写为CBS,,一般的稳定的pH范围为:pH=9.6左右。两种缓冲溶液的稳定的pH不一样,对于N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺催化酰胺键形成的最适合的反应条件的距离不一样,碳酸缓冲溶液的稳定的pH因该更加接近N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺催化酰胺键形成的最适合的pH。
N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺在pH值为7-9的缓冲液中,容易与与伯胺基团(-NH2)有效反应形成稳定的酰胺键并释放N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺。使用长波紫外光(330-370)光活化重氮甲烷形成有活性的碳烯中间体。这样的中间体可以通过与任意氨基酸侧链或肽段主链在对应间隔臂长度的距离上的附加反应形成共价键。
“NHS  Esters
AnN-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester is perhaps the most common activation chemistry for creating reactive acylating agents. NHS esters were first introduced as reactive ends of homobifunctional crosslinkers (Bragg and Hou, 1975; Lomant and Fairbanks, 1976). Today, the great majority of amine-reactive crosslinking or modification reagents commercially available utilize NHS esters. An NHS ester may be formed by the reaction of a carboxylate with NHS in the presence of a carbodiimide. To prepare stable NHS ester derivatives, the activation reaction
must be done in non-aqueous conditions using water-insoluble carbodiimides or condensing agents, such as DCC (Chapter 3, Section 1.4).
NHS or sulfo-NHS ester-containing reagents react with nucleophiles with release of the NHS or sulfo-NHS leaving group to form an acylated product (Reaction 4). The reaction of such esters with a sulfhydryl or hydroxyl group does not yield stable conjugates, forming thioesters or ester linkages, respectively. Both of these bonds potentially can hydrolyze in aqueous environments or exchange with neighboring amines to form amide bonds. Histidine 1. Amine Reactions  171side-chain nitrogens of the imidazolyl ring also may be acylated with an NHS ester reagent, but
they hydrolyze very rapidly in aqueous environments (Cuatrecasas and Parikh, 1972). Thus, the presence of imidazole in reaction buffers only serves to increase the hydrolysis rate of the active ester. Reaction with primary and secondary amines, however, creates stable amide and
imide linkages, respectively, that don ’t readily break down. Thus, in protein molecules, NHS ester crosslinking reagents couple principally with the -amines at the N-terminals and the amines of lysine side chains.
(Reaction 4)
NHS esters also may be formedin situto react immediately with target molecules in aqueous reaction media. Using the water-soluble carbodiimide EDC (Chapter 3, Section 1.1) a
carboxylate-containing molecule can be transformed into an active ester by reaction in the
presence of NHS or sulfo-NHS ( N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide) (Chapter 3, Section 1.2). SulfoNHS esters are hydrophilic active groups that couple rapidly with amines on target molecules with the same specificity and reactivity as NHS esters (Staros, 1982). Unlike NHS esters that
are relatively water insoluble and must be first dissolved in organic solvent before being added to aqueous solutions, sulfo-NHS esters are relatively water soluble, longer-lived, and hydrolyze more slowly in water. In the presence of amine nucleophiles that can attack at the electrondeficient carbonyl of the active ester, the sulfo-NHS group rapidly leaves, creating a stable amide linkage with the amine compound. Sulfhydryl and hydroxyl groups also will react with such active esters, but the products of such reactions, thioesters and esters, are unstable in aqueous environments or in the presence of amine nucleophiles. NHS esters have a half-life on the order of hours under physiological pH conditions.
However, hydrolysis and amine reactivity both increase with increasing pH. At 0°C at pH 7.0, the half-life is typically 4–5 hours (Lomant and Fairbanks, 1976). At pH 8.0 at 25°C it falls to 1 hour (Staros, 1988), and at pH 8.6 and 4°C the half-life is only 10 minutes
(Cuatrecasas and Parikh, 1972). The rate of hydrolysis may be monitored by measuring the increase in absorptivity at 260 nm as the NHS leaving group is cleaved. The molar extinction coefficient of the NHS group in solution is 8.2         10**3/M-1cm-1in Tris buffer at pH 9.0 (Carlsson et al., 1978), but somewhat decreases to 7.5         10**3/M-1/cm-1in potassium phosphate buffer at pH 6.5 (Partiset al., 1983). Unfortunately, the relatively low sensitivity of this absorptivity measurement does not allow for determining the rate of reaction in an actual crosslinking procedure.
To maximize the modification of amines and minimize the effects of hydrolysis, maintain a high concentration of protein or other target molecule in the reaction medium. By adjusting the molar ratio of crosslinker to target molecule(s), the level of modification and conjugation may be
controlled to create an optimal product. Water-insoluble crosslinkers containing NHS esters may be reacted in organic solvents, eliminating the hydrolysis problem, provided the target molecule is soluble and stable in such environments. For non-aqueous reactions, an organic base (proton
acceptor) typically is added, such as triethylamine(三乙胺) or 4-(dimethylamine)pyridine (4-(二甲氨基)吡啶,DMAP).”
From:Greg T. Hermanson,Bioconjugate Techniques, Elsevier Inc,2008,2nd Edition,
http://muchong.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=6282809

分享《Bioconjugate Techniques》2013年最新版
http://muchong.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=6709686

注意截图NHS上的原来的英文说明,大致可以判断出两种不同的缓冲溶液对于NHS的催化效率的影响主要还是各自的稳定的pH环境。
关于生物素标记抗体
反应4.JPG


关于生物素标记抗体-1
NHS.JPG

4楼2014-08-12 12:36:45
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

maweisimple

铁虫 (小有名气)

引用回帖:
4楼: Originally posted by 凌波丽 at 2014-08-12 12:36:45
NHS:N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺?
http://www.ts007.com/shtml/6066-82-6.htm
该试剂及其衍生物是合成肽、抗生素、氨基酸、蛋白质等重要原料。可用于制备活性酯,在肽偶联时抑制其外旋光作用的发生。
在医药方面用于活化 ...

这个缓冲液的问题基本已经明白了,谢谢亲~我还有一个小纠结就是怎么能避免生物素标记在Fab上?
Ifyouwantsomething,setitfree.Ifitcomesback,itisyours.Ifitdoesn't,itisnever.
5楼2014-08-12 13:32:17
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

brigita

新虫 (初入文坛)

引用回帖:
3楼: Originally posted by maweisimple at 2014-08-12 10:58:21
谢谢亲的回答。我现在没有用到碳二亚胺,而是用NHS,所以方案都是按照NHS做的,跟您的方案可能会有些差别。因为之前采用的是抗体与NaHCO3一比一混合,抗体原来的缓冲液是PBS,结果不好,采用NaHCO3透析后,就好很多 ...

您好,你的NaHCO3溶液是纯的NaHCO3来配置的溶液还是碳酸盐缓冲液?
6楼2014-10-14 09:26:03
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

田晓会

铁虫 (初入文坛)

楼主之前做的生物素标记抗体怎样呢?刚查到帖子看到你做过,所以冒昧的问问,我现在也要做生物素标记抗体,用的也是NaHCO3缓冲液,怎样计算回收率呢?因为发现用NHS活化的生物素在280nm处也有吸光值
7楼2015-11-26 17:17:04
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

zerg1230

新虫 (初入文坛)

引用回帖:
7楼: Originally posted by 田晓会 at 2015-11-26 17:17:04
楼主之前做的生物素标记抗体怎样呢?刚查到帖子看到你做过,所以冒昧的问问,我现在也要做生物素标记抗体,用的也是NaHCO3缓冲液,怎样计算回收率呢?因为发现用NHS活化的生物素在280nm处也有吸光值

有生物素标记的试剂盒啊
8楼2015-12-17 23:30:45
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

henggd

新虫 (初入文坛)

【答案】应助回帖

你用的应该是活化的生物素,标记氨基的。只须先溶于DMSO或DMF即可。至于生物素的浓度及标记比例,有不同的见解。抗体或蛋白不一定非用8.4的体系吧。我标记只用PB
9楼2015-12-22 16:37:01
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖
相关版块跳转 我要订阅楼主 maweisimple 的主题更新
信息提示
请填处理意见