24小时热门版块排行榜    

查看: 3561  |  回复: 32

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

[交流] 要精通英语,关键是理清语句架构 已有18人参与

如题。“理清语句架构”,具体地说,就是清晰分隔开复杂句中的各个“语义单元”。
“语义单元”是语句中的最小单位,在说话及阅读中,人本能地把它做为一个整体加以处理。
所谓的“语感”,其中的核心,就是对这种“语义单元”的本能但清晰的感受。
例如以下,为历年研究生入学试题(我随手在网上找的)。其中的“█”分隔开各个语义单元,使得句子结构清晰化。

  1. The existence of the giant clouds █was virtually required █for the Big Bang, █first put forward in the 1920s, █to maintain its reign █as the dominant explanation █of the cosmos.

  2. Astrophysicists █working with █ground based detectors █at the South Pole █and balloon borne instruments █are closing in █on such structures, █and may report their findings soon.

  3. Unlike most of the volcanoes in the world, █they are not always found █at the boundaries of the great drifting plates █that make up the earth's surface;█ on the contrary, many of them lie deep █in the interior of a plate.

  4. The complementary coastlines █and certain geological features █that seem to span the ocean █are reminders of █where the two continents were once joined.

  5. If the small hot spots █look █as expected, █that will be a triumph █for yet another scientific idea, █a refinement of the Big Bang █called █the inflationary universe theory.

  6. Odd though █it sounds, █cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence █of some respected ideas █in elementary particle physics, █and many astrophysicists have been convinced █for the better part of a decade █that it is true.
回复此楼
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖
回帖支持 ( 显示支持度最高的前 50 名 )

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 10:01:48
再举个例子(我阅读时随手分割的,不保证绝对合理):
This Is Why █We Close Our Eyes █When We Kiss

A scientific study █about our senses █of touch and sight █might explain a lot █about our unconscious make-out habits, █even if █that's not necessarily █what it set out █to do. For their study, █published last week █in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, █University of London researchers Sandra Murphy and Polly Dalton █did not make █a bunch of their test subjects █kiss each other █in a lab. They did, however, find out █why █we close our eyes █when we want to focus █on another sense; █including touch.
Subjects were asked █to pay attention to a screen █with flashing letters. Then, they were asked █to indicate █whether █they saw the letter X or N █and whether █they felt a vibration █sent to their left or right hand █while watching █for the letters. When they were presented █with a "high" visual load (a lot of confusing letters █to make the visual task █more difficult), they were significantly less likely █to detect the vibration █than when █they had a lower visual load. What █this finding means █is █that an increase in visual stimuli █makes you less sensitive █to touch.
But what about █the kissing thing? "These results could explain █why █we close our eyes █when we want to focus attention █on another sense," Dalton told The Independent. We assume █the opposite might be true █if you're on a bad date; █keeping your eyes open █and looking around █at the scenery █could help you █take your mind █off a terrible kiss.
2楼2016-03-28 18:36:45
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 10:01:57
又是几个历年研究生入学试题(随手划分,不确保准确。英文内容来自网络):
1. This is no █flash in the pan; █over █the past couple of years, █inflation has been █consistently lower █than expected █in Britain and America.

2. Economists have been █particularly surprised █by favourable inflation figures █in Britain and the United States,█since █conventional measures suggest █that both economies,█and especially America's,█have little productive slack.

3. The most thrilling explanation is,█unfortunately,█a little defective. Some economists argue █that powerful structural changes █in the world █have upended █the old economic models █that were based █upon the historical link █between growth and inflation.

4. “Is this █what you intended █to accomplish █with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked █Time Warner executives █last week. “You have sold your souls,█but must you █corrupt our nation █and threaten our children █as well?”

5. It's a self-examination █that has, █at various times, █involved issues of █responsibility, █creative freedom █and the corporate bottom line.

6. In 1992, █when Time Warner was under fire █for releasing █Ice-T's violent rap song █Cop Killer, █Levin described rap █as lawful expression █of street culture, █which deserves an outlet.
5楼2016-03-29 07:15:35
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

dxghb123456

铜虫 (小有名气)


小木虫: 金币+0.5, 给个红包,谢谢回帖
也就是语法学得好,

发自小木虫Android客户端
7楼2016-03-29 10:07:38
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 10:03:17
我使用“语义单元”之表达,是基于如此背景:语言是一种动作思维,“语义单元”是其最小单位。五岁孩子说出复杂语句,就是以“语义单元”为最小“砖块”、而进行的“搭建积木”活动。
11楼2016-03-30 09:46:25
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

自己的证明

金虫 (小有名气)


小木虫: 金币+0.5, 给个红包,谢谢回帖
引用回帖:
9楼: Originally posted by cd030102 at 2016-03-29 12:38:25
这样是错的

表示赞同,一个句子的语法结构才是核心,一个句子的基本框架就是主+谓或主+谓+表或主+谓+宾,然后其他的都只起到要么修饰形容,要么就是补充说明的作用。我觉得还是得从英语的句法结构来,才能更清晰明确的

发自小木虫Android客户端
14楼2016-03-30 10:25:41
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-31 08:25:52
学习第二外语的,是“人”,不是“鹦鹉”,也不是“AlphaGo”。
16楼2016-03-30 11:46:52
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-31 08:25:55
这个关键,一方面涉及语言的客观性(清晰的逻辑结构),另一方面涉及语言学习者的主体性:人的“思维单元”(或“心理单元”)不是“逻辑要素”、而是“心理情结”。
18楼2016-03-31 05:36:54
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-31 10:38:37
承蒙楼上的提醒,我刚刚看了一点“杨鹏的难句分析”。结论是:我的处理方法,比他的好多了。
对语言的纯粹逻辑结构分析,适合于“AlphaGo”。
对“语言情结”的分析,才适合于人。
22楼2016-03-31 10:31:32
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

引用回帖:
30楼: Originally posted by KYAN2015 at 2016-04-01 17:23:50
能不能给个Word文件可以下载下来看de?

附件中,是我的草稿。是来自网上的内容,有中译文及分析,我在其中添加了分隔符“█”,而且只处理了约一半。

» 本帖附件资源列表

  • 欢迎监督和反馈:小木虫仅提供交流平台,不对该内容负责。
    本内容由用户自主发布,如果其内容涉及到知识产权问题,其责任在于用户本人,如对版权有异议,请联系邮箱:xiaomuchong@tal.com
  • 附件 1 : 杨鹏的难句分析(XDF推荐参考).txt
  • 2016-04-01 17:29:16, 76.53 K
31楼2016-04-01 17:29:47
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖
普通回帖

952320258

金虫 (正式写手)

有准备,才能有收获
3楼2016-03-29 01:33:18
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

fangyan911

铁虫 (小有名气)

研究生入学试题
开心上班
4楼2016-03-29 03:12:00
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

北江南岸

木虫 (正式写手)

呆呆虫


小木虫: 金币+0.5, 给个红包,谢谢回帖
作为分析英文语义的方法,的确很好!
6楼2016-03-29 09:50:22
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

大款大

木虫 (小有名气)

will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 09:57:32
will_: 取消置顶 2016-03-30 10:01:42
will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 10:02:16
这种方法,不同于语法。它比语法简单得多,但更接近语言的本质、更实用。随手一个例子:
Last a month, █a video █surfaced online █of one of Russia’s more advanced tanks █facing █off against █a small team █of Syrian rebels █armed with █a U.S.-made anti-tank missile █in the suburbs of Aleppo.
8楼2016-03-29 11:05:33
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

cd030102

至尊木虫 (著名写手)

这样是错的
9楼2016-03-29 12:38:25
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖

jxguo

铁杆木虫 (职业作家)


小木虫: 金币+0.5, 给个红包,谢谢回帖
请问,语义单元 与 义群有何区别 ? 如何把 “语义单元” 地道的、习惯性的、流畅的、逻辑结构的表达成语句 ? 真的搞不清楚 !!!
那山,那水,那片云!
10楼2016-03-30 09:31:24
已阅   回复此楼   关注TA 给TA发消息 送TA红花 TA的回帖
相关版块跳转 我要订阅楼主 大款大 的主题更新
普通表情 高级回复 (可上传附件)
信息提示
请填处理意见