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小木虫论坛-学术科研互动平台 » 科研生活区 » 外语学习 » 学习方法 » 要精通英语，关键是理清语句架构
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[交流] 要精通英语，关键是理清语句架构 已有18人参与

如题。“理清语句架构”，具体地说，就是清晰分隔开复杂句中的各个“语义单元”。
“语义单元”是语句中的最小单位，在说话及阅读中，人本能地把它做为一个整体加以处理。
所谓的“语感”，其中的核心，就是对这种“语义单元”的本能但清晰的感受。
例如以下，为历年研究生入学试题（我随手在网上找的）。其中的“█”分隔开各个语义单元，使得句子结构清晰化。

　　1. The existence of the giant clouds █was virtually required █for the Big Bang, █first put forward in the 1920s, █to maintain its reign █as the dominant explanation █of the cosmos.

　　2. Astrophysicists █working with █ground based detectors █at the South Pole █and balloon borne instruments █are closing in █on such structures, █and may report their findings soon.

　　3. Unlike most of the volcanoes in the world, █they are not always found █at the boundaries of the great drifting plates █that make up the earth's surface;█ on the contrary, many of them lie deep █in the interior of a plate.

　　4. The complementary coastlines █and certain geological features █that seem to span the ocean █are reminders of █where the two continents were once joined.

　　5. If the small hot spots █look █as expected, █that will be a triumph █for yet another scientific idea, █a refinement of the Big Bang █called █the inflationary universe theory.

　　6. Odd though █it sounds, █cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence █of some respected ideas █in elementary particle physics, █and many astrophysicists have been convinced █for the better part of a decade █that it is true.
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1楼 2016-03-27 16:41:01
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will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 09:57:32
will_: 取消置顶 2016-03-30 10:01:42
will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 10:02:16
这种方法，不同于语法。它比语法简单得多，但更接近语言的本质、更实用。随手一个例子：
Last a month, █a video █surfaced online █of one of Russia’s more advanced tanks █facing █off against █a small team █of Syrian rebels █armed with █a U.S.-made anti-tank missile █in the suburbs of Aleppo.
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8楼2016-03-29 11:05:33
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will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 10:01:48
再举个例子（我阅读时随手分割的，不保证绝对合理）：
This Is Why █We Close Our Eyes █When We Kiss

A scientific study █about our senses █of touch and sight █might explain a lot █about our unconscious make-out habits, █even if █that's not necessarily █what it set out █to do. For their study, █published last week █in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, █University of London researchers Sandra Murphy and Polly Dalton █did not make █a bunch of their test subjects █kiss each other █in a lab. They did, however, find out █why █we close our eyes █when we want to focus █on another sense; █including touch.
Subjects were asked █to pay attention to a screen █with flashing letters. Then, they were asked █to indicate █whether █they saw the letter X or N █and whether █they felt a vibration █sent to their left or right hand █while watching █for the letters. When they were presented █with a "high" visual load (a lot of confusing letters █to make the visual task █more difficult), they were significantly less likely █to detect the vibration █than when █they had a lower visual load. What █this finding means █is █that an increase in visual stimuli █makes you less sensitive █to touch.
But what about █the kissing thing? "These results could explain █why █we close our eyes █when we want to focus attention █on another sense," Dalton told The Independent. We assume █the opposite might be true █if you're on a bad date; █keeping your eyes open █and looking around █at the scenery █could help you █take your mind █off a terrible kiss.
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2楼2016-03-28 18:36:45
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3楼2016-03-29 01:33:18
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will_: 回帖置顶 2016-03-30 10:01:57
又是几个历年研究生入学试题（随手划分，不确保准确。英文内容来自网络）：
1. This is no █flash in the pan; █over █the past couple of years, █inflation has been █consistently lower █than expected █in Britain and America.

2. Economists have been █particularly surprised █by favourable inflation figures █in Britain and the United States,█since █conventional measures suggest █that both economies,█and especially America's,█have little productive slack.

3. The most thrilling explanation is,█unfortunately,█a little defective. Some economists argue █that powerful structural changes █in the world █have upended █the old economic models █that were based █upon the historical link █between growth and inflation.

4. “Is this █what you intended █to accomplish █with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked █Time Warner executives █last week. “You have sold your souls,█but must you █corrupt our nation █and threaten our children █as well?”

5. It's a self-examination █that has, █at various times, █involved issues of █responsibility, █creative freedom █and the corporate bottom line.

6. In 1992, █when Time Warner was under fire █for releasing █Ice-T's violent rap song █Cop Killer, █Levin described rap █as lawful expression █of street culture, █which deserves an outlet.
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5楼2016-03-29 07:15:35
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