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changxk123

新虫 (初入文坛)

[求助] 求教数学高人

各位是否遇到过如下问题,见图,高中生都可看得懂,请教高手解决!

{Q99X4QKT3STPMI6WN(`T]I.jpg
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changxk123

新虫 (初入文坛)

引用回帖:
3楼: Originally posted by 思者无涯 at 2013-07-12 14:01:04
楼主能不能说说这个题的出处?可能用到的工具有哪些?
看了半天没啥感觉,怎么像竞赛题呢……

出自组合问题,最后归化求解上述问题,应该是对的。
7楼2014-08-30 15:45:26
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hank612

至尊木虫 (著名写手)

【答案】应助回帖

我无法彻底解决你的问题,仅能提供一个可能努力的方向.

序列是线性递归的 当且仅当 生成函数是有理多项式.

If x_n=a_1*x_{n-1} +...+a_k*x_{n-k}, then the degree of the denominator of the rational generating function is at most k.

故序列a_n是二次的, b_n是四次的,要求证明c_n是八次的.
利用alpha_2=alpha_0, it is easy to see that
alpha_0*(b_{n+1}^2 - b_n^2)=a_{n+1}*(alpha_0 c_{n-1} +alpha_1 c_{n} + alpha_0 c_{n+1}).

然后我就被卡住了,冒似生成函数没法做除法. 抱歉.
We_must_know. We_will_know.
2楼2013-07-12 06:48:24
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思者无涯

金虫 (小有名气)

楼主能不能说说这个题的出处?可能用到的工具有哪些?
看了半天没啥感觉,怎么像竞赛题呢……
3楼2013-07-12 14:01:04
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hank612

至尊木虫 (著名写手)

【答案】应助回帖

引用回帖:
2楼: Originally posted by hank612 at 2013-07-12 06:48:24
我无法彻底解决你的问题,仅能提供一个可能努力的方向.

序列是线性递归的 当且仅当 生成函数是有理多项式.

If x_n=a_1*x_{n-1} +...+a_k*x_{n-k}, then the degree of the denominator of the rational gener ...

I seriously doubt that c_n is a linear recursive sequence. See the following example.

Let d_n be a new sequence defined by
d_n = c_{n-1} + alpha_1 / alpha_0 * c_n + c_{n+1}.
If c_n is linear recursive, as you questioned, then d_n is also a linear recursive sequence with the same linear relation SUM_{k=0}^8 gamma_k d_{n+k} = 0.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lin ... nstant_coefficients

Now we let a_n = 1/4 * 4^n + 4 * 4^{-n},
b_n = 2^n + 2^{-n}.  Consequently, the expression of d_n in the form of a_n and b_n is
d_n= (b_{n+1}^2 - b_n^2) / a_{n+1}
= (3*4^n - 3/4 * 4^{-n}) / (4^n + 4^{-n} )
=3 - (15/4) * ( 1/(16^n+1)  ).
Take look at the generating function of d_n, which is sum_{n=0}^infty d_n*x^n.  Ignore the constant (3) and the scalar (15/4), the main term is of the form \sum_n (x^n/ (a^n+1) ) with a= 16.

I do not believe (with probability >80%)  that this summation function will ends up with a rational function, although I cannot prove it.

You may construct your own example to give hints before you try to prove the assertion.
We_must_know. We_will_know.
4楼2013-07-13 02:48:02
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