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[资源] 【分享】Dynamics and Relativity.Wiley.2009

Dynamics and Relativity
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Authors(Editors):
        Jeffrey R. Forshaw
        A. Gavin Smith
Publisher: Wiley
Pub Date: 2009
Pages: 338
ISBN 978-0-470-01459-2 (HB)
ISBN 978-0-470-01460-8 (PB)

Preface
In writing this book, our goal is to help the student develop a good understanding of
classical dynamics and special relativity. We have tried to start out gently: the first
part of the book aims to provide the solid foundations upon which the second half
builds. In the end, we are able, in the final chapter, to cover some quite advanced
material for a book at this level (when we venture into the terrain of Einstein’s
General Theory of Relativity) and it is our hope that our pedagogical style will
lead the keen student all the way to the denouement. That said, we do not assume
too much prior knowledge. A little calculus, trigonometry and some exposure to
vectors would help but not much more than that is needed in order to get going.
We have in mind that the first half of the book covers material core to a typical first
year of undergraduate studies in physics, whilst the second half covers material that
might appear in more advanced first or second year courses (e.g. material such as
the general rotation of rigid bodies and the role of four-vectors in special relativity).
The classical mechanics of Newton and the theory of relativity, developed by
Einstein, both make assumptions as to the structure of space and time. For Newton
time is an absolute, something to be agreed upon by everyone, whilst for Einstein
time is more subjective and clocks tick at different rates depending upon where
they are and how they are moving. Such different views lead to different physics
and by presenting Newtonian mechanics alongside relativity, as we do in this book,
it becomes possible to compare and contrast the two. Of course, we shall see how
Newtonian physics provides a very good approximation to that of Einstein for most
everday phenomena, but that it fails totally when things whizz around at speeds
approaching the speed of light.
In this era of electronic communications and online resources that can be
researched at the push of a button, it might seem that the need for textbooks is
diminished. Perhaps not surprisingly we don’t think that is the case. Quiet time
spent with a textbook, some paper and a pen, reading and solving problems, is
probably still the best way to do physics. Just as one cannot claim to be a pianist
without playing a piano, one cannot claim to be a physicist without solving
physics problems. It is a point much laboured, but it is true nonetheless. The
problems that really help develop understanding are usually those that take time
to crack. The painful process of failing to solve a problem is familiar to every
successful physicist, as is the excitement of figuring out the way forward. Our
advice when solving the problems in this book is to persevere for as long as
possible before peeking at the solution, to try and enjoy the process and not to
panic if you cannot see how to start a problem.
We have deliberately tried to keep the figures as simple as possible. A good
drawing can often be an important step to solving a physics problem, and we
encourage you to make them at every opportunity. For that reason, we have illustrated
the book with the sorts of drawings that we would normally use in lectures
or tutorials and have deliberately avoided the sort of embellishments that would
undoubtedly make the book look prettier. Our aim is to present diagrams that are
easy to reproduce.
A comment is in order on our usage of the word “classical”. For us “classical”
refers to physics pre-Einstein but not everyone uses that terminology. Sometimes,
classical is used to refer to the laws of physics in the absence of quantum mechanics
and in that sense, special relativity could be said to be a classical theory. We have
nothing to say about the quantum theory in this book, except that quantum theories
that are also consistent with relativity lie at the very heart of modern physics.
Hopefully this book will help whet the appetite for further studies in that direction.
We should like to express our gratitude to all those who have read the manuscript
and provided helpful suggestions. In particular we thank Rob Appleby, Richard
Battye, Mike Birse, Brian Cox, Joe Dare, Fred Loebinger, Nicola Lumley, Franz
Mandl, Edward Reeves, David Sandiford and Martin Yates.
Finally, we would like to express particular gratitude to our parents, Thomas &
Sylvia Forshaw and Roy & Marion Smith, for their constant support. For their love
and understanding, our heartfelt thanks go to Naomi, Isabel, Jo, Ellie, Matt and
Josh.
Jeffrey R. Forshaw
A. Gavin Smith
October 2008

本资源2.27 MB。

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