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25 NOW@SCIENCE之一：经济刺激计划使日本科研经费达到历史最高点

science的news of week本周第一条，原文链接：http://www.sciencemag.org/content/339/6118/378.1.full.pdf

Tokyo, Japan 1
Stimulus Pushes Japan’s Science Spending to Record Level
经济刺激计划使日本科研经费达到历史最高点

An economic stimulus package that includes $11 billion worth of science-related spending will—when combined with previously planned spending—bring Japan’s national and local government support for research for the fiscal year through March to a record $57 billion.But there are high expectations of an economic payoff.

日本今年出台了一个一揽子经济刺激计划，包括科学相关领域的经费和之前已经计划好的支出总计110亿美元。这将会使得日本国家和地方政府在从三月份开始的财政年里，对科研方面的投入达到破纪录的570亿美元。然而，大家对经济效益抱有极大的期望。

The stimulus package includes $958 million to upgrade research infrastructure, $107 million for disaster prevention and mitigation studies, $238 million for research on induced pluripotent stem cells and other regenerative therapies, and $437 million for next-generation energy technologies.

这个一揽子计划包括用于更新科研基础设施的9.58亿美元，用于灾害预防和灾后恢复研究的1.07亿美元，用于诱导多能干细胞和其它再生治疗研究的2.38亿美元，以及用于下一代新能源技术探索的4.37亿美元。

The largest item, however, is $2 billion to promote university-industry collaboration, including money to equip universities to conduct industrially relevant research as well as to support actual R&D. “Even though Japan is strong in basic research and funding is increasing, I think it’s true that there is little connection to industry,” says Kazuhito Hashimoto, a physical chemist at the University of Tokyo. Hashimoto helped take a self-cleaning photocatalytic material from a laboratory discovery to commercial use in building siding and other products.

计划中最大的一笔经费是用于加强高校和工业界合作的20亿美元，这包括给高校配备设施以便开展工业界相关的研究，以及支持真正意义上的研发。“尽管日本在基础科学方面的研究实力很强，而且经费也还在不断增加，但是我觉得目前和工业界之间的联系还是很少”，东京大学的物理化学家Kazuhito Hashimoto如是说。Hashimoto曾协助把实验室发现的一种能自我清洁的光催化材料实现商业化生产，应用于建筑物侧壁涂料和其它产品。

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