最新一期的Nature Photonics杂志(自然·光子学)刊发了由德国科学家Klaus Ellmer撰写的关于透明电极的综述文章,题目为Past achievements and future challenges in the development of optically transparent electrodes。已经成功实现工业化的ITO玻璃和FTO玻璃是透明导电电极的两个典范,但是寻找更廉价性能更好的替代物仍然是当今面临的挑战。石墨烯的发现可能会对该领域产生革命性的影响。而更高的光透过性和更高的导电性势必会使透明电极在太阳能电池、光解水、发光二极管和显示器等领域带来更好的性能。文章9页,引文95篇。
Transparent conductive electrodes play important roles in information and energy technologies. These materials, particularly transparent conductive oxides, are widely used as transparent electrodes across technical fields such as low-emissivity coatings, flat-panel displays, thin-film solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes. This Review begins by summarizing the properties and applications of transparent conductive oxides such as In2O3, SnO2, ZnO and TiO2. Owing to the increasing demand for raw materials — especially indium — scientists are currently searching for alternatives to indium tin oxide. Carbon nanotube and metal nanowire networks, as well as regular metal grids, have been investigated for use as transparent conductive electrodes. This Review compares these materials and the recently 'rediscovered' graphene with today's established transparent conductive oxides.
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