Frank18711(金币+3): Thank you for giving me so much information 2011-04-03 10:08:47
Many techniques have been developed based on different physical effects to measure the electronic work function of a sample. They can be classified into two groups: the absolute method and relative method.
Absolute electron emission method：
Photoemission
Thermionic emission
Field electron emission
Electron tunneling (STM)
Relative contact potential difference method：
Kelvin probe force microscope. It is not a good method because of limited success (potential “drifting,” no absolute reference, lack of sensitivity).
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