你去找下线形代数入门课本，上面应该都有的
先找row echelon form of the augmented matrix
然后三种情况
1) linear system is inconsistent if the last column is a pivot column
2) has exactly one solution if except the last column, every column is a pivot column
3) has infinitely many solution if apart from the last column, it has at least one more non-pivot column
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