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[交流] 北京雾霾研究成果在Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics发表，谁分享下啊

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Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7053–7074, 2013
www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/7053/2013/

Chemical characterization and source apportionment of PM2.5
in Beijing: seasonal perspective
R. Zhang1,*, J. Jing1,2,*, J. Tao3,*, S.-C. Hsu4,*, G. Wang5, J. Cao5, C. S. L. Lee6, L. Zhu3, Z. Chen7, Y. Zhao7, and
Z. Shen8

Abstract. In this study, 121 daily PM2.5 (aerosol particle
with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) samples were
collected from an urban site in Beijing in four months between
April 2009 and January 2010 representing the four
seasons. The samples were determined for various compositions,
including elements, ions, and organic/elemental
carbon. Various approaches, such as chemical mass balance,
positive matrix factorization (PMF), trajectory clustering,
and potential source contribution function (PSCF), were
employed for characterizing aerosol speciation, identifying
likely sources, and apportioning contributions from each
likely source. Our results have shown distinctive seasonality
for various aerosol speciations associated with PM2.5 in
Beijing. Soil dust waxes in the spring and wanes in the summer.
Regarding the secondary aerosol components, inorganic
and organic species may behave in different manners. The
former preferentially forms in the hot and humid summer
via photochemical reactions, although their precursor gases,
such as SO2 and NOx, are emitted much more in winter. The
latter seems to favorably form in the cold and dry winter.
Synoptic meteorological and climate conditions can overwhelm
the emission pattern in the formation of secondary
aerosols. The PMF model identified six main sources: soil
dust, coal combustion, biomass burning, traffic and waste incineration
emission, industrial pollution, and secondary inorganic
aerosol. Each of these sources has an annual mean
contribution of 16, 14, 13, 3, 28, and 26 %, respectively, to
PM2.5. However, the relative contributions of these identified
sources significantly vary with changing seasons. The
results of trajectory clustering and the PSCF method demonstrated
that regional sources could be crucial contributors to
PM pollution in Beijing. In conclusion, we have unraveled
some complex aspects of the pollution sources and formation
processes of PM2.5 in Beijing. To our knowledge, this
is the first systematic study that comprehensively explores
the chemical characterizations and source apportionments of
PM2.5 aerosol speciation in Beijing by applying multiple approaches
based on a completely seasonal perspective。