[交流] 第37期YY英语口语活动 百科资源~已有2人参与

第37期YY英语口语活动 百科资源~

春节习俗简介

Spring festival couplets: always written on red paper in black or golden ink, it indicates happiness and good luck.
春联：用红纸以墨或金漆书写，有避邪讨吉祥的用意
New Year lucky money: usually given to children, wrapped in red envelop.
压岁钱： 经常是给小孩子，通常是红包的形式。
Sweets & candies: represents sweet life and usually served to guests during the holiday.
甜食糖果：主要是招待客人，聊天的时候用。
New Year paintings: We need to put up New Year paintings, fu (lucky) character and lucky couplets.
年画： 新年要张贴年画，福字，对联等，这些都是年货必备的。
New clothes: a new year, a new look. People wear new clothes on the first day of the lunar New Year because this is the new start, everything is brand new.
新衣服： 新年第一天，人们穿上新衣服，新年新气象，一切都是全新的。
  
Kitchen God worshipping: It is a very influential custom in China. Almost all households set a sacred position in the kitchen for the kitchen god, who is said to be in charge of the kitchens under heaven according to legends. Usually this marks the beginning of the Spring Festival.
祭灶: 非常有影响力的中国习俗。几乎家家户户都会设立灶神位，据说灶神掌管天下灶事。农历新年通常是从祭灶开始的。

On December 24th of the lunar year, the custom of cleaning the house enjoys a long history. Because in Chinese, chen(尘-dirt) sounds like chen (陈-old), so cleaning the house actually can indicate sweeping the old and embracing the new.
二十四“扫尘”的习俗也由来已久。因为 “尘”寓意“陈”，所以清扫房屋意味着除旧迎新。

December 25th of the lunar year is the day when the Jade Emperor (Emperor of Heaven) descends to the under heaven world in person. He will inspect the virtuous and vicious deed of human and distribute happiness and disasters accordingly. So people behave and speak carefully on this particular day to please the Emperor of Heaven and pray for happiness in the coming year.
On this day, people also put up paper-cut decorations and stick the good fortune character fu on the windows and couplets are also necessary.
据说，农历二十五史玉皇大帝亲自下界的日子。他在这一天查察人间的善恶并分配来年的祸福。所以，这一天人们说话都很谨慎，以此来讨玉帝的欢心，祈求来年的好福气。
这一天，也有很多人会糊窗户纸，当然，现在主要是贴福字，窗花和对联。

On 26th, people will begin to prepare the New Year stock. In many rural areas, there are large-scale bazaars. People buy all kinds of purchases as gifts when they visit friends and relatives. People buy all kinds of goods include cigarette, wine, fish, meat, firecracker and other presents. The strong New Year smack greets you.
关于腊月二十六，民间还流传着“腊月二十六割年肉”的说法，也就是说，从这一天起要开始置办年货了。在各地乡村，这一天是大集市日，集市周边各村的百姓纷纷前往赶集买年货，烟、酒、鱼、肉、鞭炮和走亲戚用的礼品一样也不能少，年味已渐浓了起来。

The night before New Year’s Eve, people visit each other to say goodbye to an old year and burn the incense for three days outside the room.
除夕前一日，叫“小除夕”，家置酒宴，人们往来拜访叫“别岁”。焚香于户外，叫“天香”，通常要三天。
　　
Chinese“Chu xi”means the end of the days and beginning of a new year. All the activities on this eve surround one main topic, that is farewell to the past and welcome the new and pray for happiness.
“除夕”中的“除”字是“去;易;交替”的意思，除夕的意思是“月穷岁尽”，人们都要除旧部新，有旧岁至此而除，来年另换新岁的意思，是农历全年最后的一个晚上。故此期间的活动都围绕着除旧部新，消灾祈福为中心。

贴门神  Putting up the God of Gate
This is a nationwide custom. In ancient legends, Shentu and Yulei are in charge of the devils. They guard the gate so devils dare not entre. After Tang Dynasty, brave Qin Qiong and Yuchi Jingde also became popular. Some people also put up pictures of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei as the gods of gate. The pictures are put on the gate, one side each. Now we usually choose a pair of gods, of which one is military and the other civil.
我国各地过年都有贴门神的风俗。传说中的神荼、郁垒兄弟二人专门管鬼，有他们守住门户，大小恶鬼不敢入门为害。唐代以后，又有画猛将秦琼、尉迟敬德二人像为门神的，还有画关羽、张飞像为门神的。门神像左右户各一张，后代常把一对门神画成一文一武。

贴春联 Putting up couplets
Sticking fu character, paper-cut window decorations and New Year paintings
贴福字、贴窗花、贴年画

They all pray for happiness and good luck. New Year painting is an ancient folk art of China, which originates from the pictures of god of the gate. Now the New Year painting generates more colors and themes, such as “lucky, wealthy and longevity painting”, “happiness from heaven”, “harvest, all thriving of domestic animals”, “embracing spring and happiness” and so on. There are three important production areas and different schools of New Year paintings in Chuia that is Taohuawu in Suzhou, Yangliuqing in Tianjin and Weifang in Shandong.
这些都具有祈福、装点居所的民俗功能。年画是我国的一种古老的民间艺术，他反映了人民大众的风俗和信仰，寄托着人们对未来的希望。年画，也和春联一样，起源于“门神”。在一些年画作坊中产生了《福禄寿三星图》、《天官赐福》、《五谷丰登》、《六畜兴旺》、《迎春接福》等彩色年画、以满足人们喜庆祈年的美好愿望。全国出现了年画三个重要产地：苏州桃花坞，天津杨柳青和山东潍坊;形成了我国年画的三大流派。

New Year’s visit
It is an important activity during the spring festival. Visiting friends and relatives is called paying New Year’s call or visit. People can pay visits from the 1st to 15th of lunar January.
拜年
春节里的一项重要活动，是到新朋好友家和邻里祝贺新春，旧称拜年。从初一到元宵节都可以拜年。

Vocabulary:
Holiday purchases(special purchases) for the Spring Festival 年货
Couplets   春联
Lucky money   压岁钱
Jade Emperor (God of Heaven)  玉皇大帝
Kitchen God Worshipping   祭灶
smack [smæk] n. 气息；气味；滋味

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