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Classically, chlorogenic acids (CGAs) are a family of esters formed between quinic acid and certain trans-cinnamic acids, most commonly caffeic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids and sometimes dimethoxycinnamic, trimethoxycinnamic, and sinapic acids.Representative structures are shown in Fig. 1. In the IUPAC system, ()-quinic acid is defined as 1 L-1(OH),3,4/5-tetrahydroxycyclohexane carboxylic acid, but Eliel and Ramirez recommend 1a,3R,4a,5R-tetrahydroxycyclohexane carboxylic acid. CGAs are widely distributed in plants£¬but the coffee bean is remarkably rich, containing at least 72 CGAs, at an average level of 200mg per cup of coffee, that are not acylated at the C1 of the quinic acid moiety. The immense interest in CGAs originates from their considerable dietary burden, which is estimated at a level of 2 g per human per day. Most edible plants contain various levels of CGAs, and detailed figures have been reviewed by Clifford.There is increasing epidemiological evidence that this class of compounds has a series of health benefits. Furthermore, severalpharmacological activities of CGAs have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo, including the antioxidant activity,the ability to increase hepatic glucose utilization, the inhibition of the HIV-1 integrase, the antispasmodic activity, and the inhibition of the mutagenicity of carcinogenic compounds,have been revealed by studies so far. |
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xucheng7888
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4Â¥2012-08-08 09:54:58
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sltmac: ½ð±Ò+1 2012-08-08 09:41:44
sltmac: ½ð±Ò+1 2012-08-08 09:41:44
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sltmac: ½ð±Ò+1 2012-08-08 09:41:49
lizhi209: ½ð±Ò+10, ·ÒëEPI+1, ¡ïÓаïÖú 2012-08-08 13:09:17
sltmac: ½ð±Ò+1 2012-08-08 09:41:49
lizhi209: ½ð±Ò+10, ·ÒëEPI+1, ¡ïÓаïÖú 2012-08-08 13:09:17
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3Â¥2012-08-07 16:54:52
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