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nbm110

金虫 (小有名气)

[求助] (有机化学)求翻译~~金币嫌少可追加~~高手闲暇时光帮下忙哦~~~

Free N–H indoles can also be obtained from 2-alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides in the presence of CuI and 1,2-trans-cyclohexanediamine or PPh3 (Scheme 4).
As observedwith the related palladium-catalyzed synthesis of indoles,thetrifluoroacetamido substituent plays a crucial role in promoting
this transformation. Under the same conditions, moderate yields
were obtained with 2-alkynylanilines or with the corresponding
acetamido derivatives. Furthermore, the trifluoroacetamido group
provides the additional advantage of being readily cleaved (the
amide bond is broken during the reaction or/and the work-up)
so as to allow for the formation of the free N–H pyrrole nuclei,
avoiding troublesome and time-consuming deprotecting steps.The copper-catalyzed intramolecular hydroamination protocol
has been exploited to develop microwave-assisted solid-phase syn-
theses of indoles. Under microwave irradiation,N-acyl-2-alkyl-
5-arenesulfamoylindoles have been obtained from resin-bound
2-alkynylanilides, after cleavage from the resin with trifluoroacetic
acid in dichloromethane (Scheme 5).More recently, a linker containing a tripeptide unit with dual
functions for anchoring the 2-alkynylanilide fragment onto a solid
support and for promoting a copper-mediated heterocyclization
has been developed (Scheme 6).
N-Acyl chains contained in
the indole derivative after cleavage can be easily removed upon
exposure to pyrrolidine, which results in an indirect traceless20
solid-phase synthesis.
The effect of the tripeptide unit on the cyclization step has been
explained by a metal-catching (via formation of a Cu(II) complex
through the amide carbonyl oxygen donors) and activation
mechanism (via chelation of the copper ion with the neighboring
alkyne fragment) (Fig. 1).
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小刘渊

金虫 (正式写手)

【答案】应助回帖

nbm110(金币+70, 翻译EPI+1): ★★★★★最佳答案 好 欢迎继续~我还会发的哦~ 2012-02-08 21:34:33
哈哈,哥们,我又来拿你的金币了,还是同一篇文章。


此外,无N-H哚吲还可以通过以下方法制备(路线4),用2-乙炔基三氟乙酰苯胺为原料,在CuI和1,2-反式-二氨基环己烷或三苯基磷存在的情况下制备。在观察到的钯催化合成哚吲的反应中,三氟乙酰苯胺取代物在促进该转变的过程中起到了至关重要的作用。而在相同的条件下,如果用2-乙炔基苯胺或是用相应的乙酰苯胺衍生物来制备则产量中等(并不高)。此外,三氟乙酰苯胺基团还有其它的优势,它的的化合价很容易断裂(酰胺键在反应或者实验的过程中可以断裂)以便于形成无N-H的吡咯核,从而避免了繁杂和耗时的去保护步骤。铜催化的分子内氢胺化反应被用于微波辅助的固相合成哚吲。在微波的引发下,用载于树脂上的2-乙炔基苯胺,利用溶于二氯甲烷的三氟乙酸与树脂剥离成功合成了N-酰基-2-烷基-5-氨芳磺酰吲哚(路线5)。最近利用一种含有三肽单元和两个可以将2-乙炔基苯胺固定到固体基材上的连接物质,并可以利用铜调节的杂环化反应被成功开发出来(路线6)。哚吲中的N-乙炔基链段可以在剥离后通过与吡咯烷酮的反应而很容易地被移除,从而可以产生间接的20固相合成。三肽在环化过程中的作用可以被解释为金属捕捉作用(羰基中氧可以与CUII形成结合物)和促进作用(可以与邻近的炔基一起螯合铜离子)。
2楼2012-02-08 21:29:06
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