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Çó·ÒëÒ»¶Î»° The method described is x-ray fluorescence applied to PM10, fine (<2.5 ¦Ìm) and coarse (2.5-10 ¦Ìm) aerosols particles captured on membrane filters for research purposes in source apportionment. The samplers which collect these particles are designed to separate particles on their inertial flow characteristics producing size ranges which simplify x-ray analysis. The instrument is a commercially available Kevex EDX-771 energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer which utilizes secondary excitation from selectable targets or fluorescers and is calibrated with thin metal foils and salts for 44 chemical elements. Spectra are acquired by menu-driven procedures and stored for off-line processing. Spectral deconvolution is accomplished by a least squares algorithm which fits stored pure element library spectra and background to the sample spectrum under analysis. X-ray attenuation corrections are tailored to the fine particle layer and the discrete coarse particle fraction. Spectral interferences are corrected by a subtractive coefficient determined during calibration. The detection limits are determined by propagation of errors in which the magnitude of error from all measured quantities is calculated or estimated as appropriate. Data are reported in ng/m3 for all samples. Comprehensive quality control measures are taken to provide data on a broad range of parameters, excitation conditions and elements. |
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