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Microwave Clevenger or microwave accelerated distillation (MAD) technique has been compared with the conventional hydro-distillation method, for the extraction of essential oil from fresh orange peels. This microwave extraction method offers important advantages over traditional hydro-distillation, namely; water and solvent free process, shorter extraction times (30 min against 3 h for hydro-distillation); better yields (0.42% against 0.39% for HD); higher oxygenated compounds; environmentally friendly; lower production of by-products (as no water or solvent is used); lower cost; and the possibility for a better reproduction of natural aroma of the orange essential oil than the hydro-distilled essential oil. SEM images of orange peels untreated or subjected to MAD or HD emphasize the difference between the two extraction methods used. Microwaves seem to cause the rupture of the cells and the glands more rapidly than in conventional hydro-distillation. |
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musashino(½ð±Ò+10, ·ÒëEPI+1): 2011-02-11 15:11:40
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