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the ratio of shear stress to normal stress can locally far exceed the static-friction coefficient without precipitating slip£¬ÆäÖÐprecipitating slipÊÇʲôÒâ˼£¿ These results indicate the key role of nonuniformity to frictional stability and dynamics with implications for the prediction, selection, and arrest of different modes of earthquakes. £¬ÆäÖеÄarrestÔõô·Ò룿 as a result of differential Poisson expansion frustrated at the interface.£¬ÆäÖеÄPoisson expansion frustratedÍêÈ«²»¶®°¡£¿ If we consider only fronts traversing locations far from the system¡¯s loading points or free edges, the data collapse onto a rough curve whose form indicates three distinct regimes of rupture dynamics£¬ÕâÀïµÄcollapseºÍroughÊÇʲôÒâ˼£¿ Laboratory experiments reveal three distinct modes of rupture: (i) slow ruptures, which propagate far below material wave speeds (5¨C8), (ii) ¡°sub-Rayleigh¡± ruptures (5, 6, 9¨C12) that propagate up to the Rayleigh wave speed, and (iii) ¡°supershear¡± rupture modes that surpass the shear wave speed CS (5, 10, 12).£¬ÆäÖеÄsub-rayleighºÍsupershearÔõô·Ò룿 ![]() |
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