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guohuayin木虫 (著名写手)
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语法重点总结,希望对大家有帮助阿!
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英语语法讲义 第一讲 冠词 冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词(the Definite Article),另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article),还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。 (1)不定冠词的用法: 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前,而an则用于元音音素前。 1) 表示"一个",意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 2) 代表一类人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer. 3) 词组或成语。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden (2)定冠词的用法 定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有"那(这)个"的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine. 把药吃了。 2)上文提到过的人或事:He bought a house. I've been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。 3)指世上独一物二的事物: the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth 4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。 5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only, very, same等前面: Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二层。 That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。 6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体: They are the teachers of this school.(指全体教师) They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师) 7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前: She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。 8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前: the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国 9)用在表示乐器的名词之前:She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。 10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人: the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) 11) 用在惯用语中: in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening), the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water,field,country) in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre (3)零冠词的用法 1) 国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England,Mary; 2)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词; They are teachers. 他们是教师。 3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。 4)物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词; Man cannot live without water. 人离开水就无法生存。 5)在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词; We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。 6)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词; The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。 7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词 如:have breakfast,play chess 8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词; I can't write without pen or pencil. 没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。 9)当by 与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;by bus,by train; 10)有些个体名词不用冠词;如:school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court 等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义; go to hospital去医院看病 go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病,而是有其他目的) 11)不用冠词的序数词; a. 序数词前有物主代词 b. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race. c. 在固定词组中 at (the) first, first of all, from first to last (4)冠词与形容词+名词结构 1) 两个形容词都有冠词,表示两个不同东西。 He raises a black and a white cat. 他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。 The black and the white cats are hers. 这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。 2) 如后一个形容词无冠词,则指一物。 He raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。 (5)冠词的位置 1) 不定冠词位置 不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意: a.位于下列形容词之后: such,what,many,half, I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job. b.当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后: It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. So short a time. Too long a distance. c. quite,rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。 但当rather,quite 前仍有形容词,不定冠词放其前后均可。如:quite a lot d. 在as,though 引导的让步状语从句中,当标语为形容词修饰的名词时,不定冠词放形容词后: Brave a man though he is,he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢,可见到蛇还是发抖。 当名词被比较级形容词修饰时,不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。 2) 定冠词位置 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在all, both,double,half,twice,three times等词之后,名词之前。 All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有学生都出去了。 |
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guohuayin
木虫 (著名写手)
博士,副教授
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第二讲 数词 表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。 一、基数词 1)基数词写法和读法: 345 three hundred and forty-five; 2)基数词一般是单数形式,但下列情况,常用复数: a. 与of 短语连用,表示概数,不能与具体数目连 用,如scores of people 指许多人; b. 在一些表示"一排"或"一组"的词组里;如:They arrived in twos and threes. 他们三三两两的到达了。 c. 表示"几十岁"; d. 表示"年代",用 in +the +数词复数; e. 在乘法运算的一种表示法里,如:3 x 5 = 15 Three fives is (are) fifteen. 二、序数词 序数词的缩写形式: first---1st second---2nd thirty-first---31st 三、 数词的用法 1)倍数表示法 a. 主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as I have three times as many as you. 我有你三倍那么多。 b. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ the size (amount,length…) of… The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球是月球的49倍。 c. 主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than… The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year. 今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。 d. 还可以用by+倍数,表示增加多少倍 The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.今年粮食产量增加了4倍。 2)分数表示法 构成:基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数:1/3 one-third ; 3/37 three and three-sevenths. |

2楼2006-05-09 20:25:24
guohuayin
木虫 (著名写手)
博士,副教授
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第三讲 代词 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。 一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、 "我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表: 数 单数 复数 格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you he him they them 第三人称 she her they them it it they them 如:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 It's me. 是我。 二、 物主代词表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人物和数的变化见下表。 数 单数 复数 人称 第一 第二 第三 第一 第二 第三 人称 人称 人称 人称 人称 人称 形容词性 my your his/her its our your/their 物主代词 名词性 mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs 物主代词 如: I like his car. 我喜欢他的小汽车。 Our school is here,and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。 三、 指示代词表示"那个"、"这个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等。 如: That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。 四、 表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为"反身代词"。如: She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 五、 表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other 和one another两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么区别。 如: They love each other. 他们彼此相爱。 六、 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词,如anybody,something,no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。如: --- Do you have a car? --你有一辆小汽车吗? --- Yes,I have one. --是的,我有一辆。 --- I don't know any of them. 他们,我一个也不认识。 七、 疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都可用作连接代词,引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句) 如:Tell me who he is. 告诉我他是谁。 八、 关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(通称为先行词)。 如: He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。 (1) every , no, all, both, neither, nor 1)不定代词有 all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。 2) 不定代词的功能与用法 a. 除every 和no外不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词。every和no在句中只能作定语。 I have no idea about it. b. all 都,指三者以上。 ①all 的主谓一致:all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。 All goes well. 一切进展得很好。 ②all 通常不与可数名词单数连用,如:不说 all the book,而说 the whole book。 ③但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用,如 all day,all night,all the year; 但习惯上不说 all hour,all century。 ④all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用,如 all China, all the city, all my life, all the way 3) both 都,指两者。 a. both 与复数动词连用,但 both… and…可与单数名词连用。 b. both, all 都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前, be 动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省 去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。Who can speak Japanese? We both (all) can. 4) neither 两者都不 a. neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 b. 作定语与单数名词连用,但neither… nor 用作并列连词,可与复数名词连用。其谓语采用就近原则。 c. 可用于下列句型,避免重复。She can't sing,neither (can) he. neither 与nor d. 如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用 nor。 If you don't do it,neither should I. 如果你不干,我也不干。 e. 如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。 He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate. |

3楼2006-05-09 20:26:03
guohuayin
木虫 (著名写手)
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(2)none, few, some, any, one, ones 一、 none 无 1) none作主语,多与of 构成短语 none of。在答语中,none可单独使用。 Are there any pictures on the wall? None. 2) none作主语,谓语动词单复数均可。但如做表语,则其单复数与表语一致。It is none of your business. 二、few 一些,少数 few 作主语时,谓语动词用复数,多用于肯定句。 三、some 一些 1) 可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。 2) 当做"某一"解时,也可与单数名词连用。(= a certain) You will be sorry for this some day. 总有一天,你会后悔这件事的。 A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule. 某些人不同意你的看法。 注意:(1)在肯定疑问句中用some代替any。 (2)some用于其他句式中: a.肯定疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时。 Would you like句式中,表委婉请求或建议,如:Would you like some coffee? b. 在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时,如:If you need some help,let me know. c. some位于主语部分,Some students haven't been there before. d. 当否定的是整体中的部分时,some可用于否定句。如: I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years.这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。 四、any 一些 1)any 多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。当句中含有任何的意思时,any可用于肯定句。 Here are three novels. You may read any. 这有三本小说,你可任读一本。 五、one, ones 为复数形式 ones必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前,则用some, any,而不用ones。 Have you bought any rulers? Yes,I 've bought some. (3)代词比较辩异 one,that 和it one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个。I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one. (不定) 我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。 The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought. (同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。 I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.(同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。 (4)one/another/the other one… the other 只有两个 some… the others 有三个以上 one… another,another…some… others,others… others = other people/things the others = the rest 剩余的全部 1) 泛指另一个用another。 2) 一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用the other。 3) 一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用the other,a third。 4) 一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others。 5) 泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others。 |

4楼2006-05-09 20:26:37
guohuayin
木虫 (著名写手)
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(5)“the”的妙用 He is one of the students who help me. He is the one of the students who helps me.他是帮我的学生之一。 第一句定语从句与the students 一致。 第二句定语从句与the one 一致。 (6)anyone/any one;no one/none;every/each 1.anyone 和 any one anyone仅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。 2.no one 和none a) none 后跟of短语,既可指人又可指物,而no one只单独使用,只指人。 b) none 作主语,谓语动词用单,复数均可,而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。 None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。 ---- Did any one call me up just now? --刚才有人打电话给我吗? ---- No one. -没有。 3.every 和each 1)every 强调全体的概念, each强调个体概念。 Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。 Each student may have one book.. 每个学生都可有一本书。 2)every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物 (含两个)。 3)every 只作形容词,不可单独使用。each可作代词或形容词。 Every student has to take one. Each boy has to take one. Each of the boys has to take one. 4)every不可以作状语,each可作状语。 5)every 有反复重复的意思,如 every two weeks等;each没有。 6) every 与not 连用,表示部分否定; each 和not连用表示全部否定。 Every man is not honest. 并非每个人都诚实。 Each man is not honest. 这儿每个人都不诚实。 (7)both, either, neither, all, any, none 这些词都可用作代词或形容词。其位置都在be 动词之后,行为动词之前或第一助动词之后。 1) both (两者都),either(两者中任何一个),neither (两者都不)。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。 Neither of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都不聪明。 2) both,either 。 both与复数连用,either与单数连用。 Both the boys are clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。 Either of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。 There are flowers on both sides of the street. (两岸) There are flowers on either side of the street. (岸的两边) 路边长满了野花。 3) all (所有的,全部的人或物),any (任何一个), none (都不)。以上词使用范围为三者以上。 All the flowers are gone. 所有的花都谢了。 I don't like any of the flowers. 这些花我都不喜欢。 I like none of the flowers. 这些花我都不喜欢。 注意:all与none用法一样。跟单数名词,用单数动词;跟复数名词,用复数动词。 All of the students are there. 所有的学生都在那。 All (of) the milk is there. 所有的牛奶都在那。 (8)many, much Many,much都意为"许多", many + 可数名词,much + 不可数名词。 How many people are there at the meeting? How much time has we left? Many of the workers were at the meeting. Much of the time was spent on learning. (9)few, little, a few, a little (a) few + 可数名词, (a) little + 不可数名词 a few / a little 为肯定含义,还有一点 few / little 为否定含义,没有多少了。 He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。 He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。 We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。 There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 Although he 's wealthy,he spends___ on clothes. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 固定搭配 nly a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) many a (=many) Many books were sold. Many a book was sold. 卖出了许多书。 |

5楼2006-05-09 20:27:58
guohuayin
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第四讲 介词 1. 简单介词:是由一个单词构成的介词。 by, in , after, on ,at, past, since, till until, over, opposite, off, near, of ,with , up, under, towards 2. 以-ing结尾的介词 excepting, including, regarding, barring, concerning, touching, considering, saving, respecting, pending, failing, following. 3. 合成介词 Into, outside, within, without, throught, notwithstanding, alongside 4. 短语介词 out of, but ofr, ahead of, according to , as regards, in regard to , as form, as concerns, over against 第五讲 形容词 形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot 热的。 2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。 (错) He is an ill man. (对) The man is ill. (错) She is an afraid girl. (对) The girl is afraid. 这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。 3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如: something nice (1) 以-ly结尾的形容词 1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。 改错:(错) She sang lovely. (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) Her singing was lovely. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。 daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. (2) 用形容词表示类别和整体 1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry The poor are losing hope. 2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。 the British,the English,the French,the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor. (3) 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为: 限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词 a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car 1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 2) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao? ---- It was great. We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+ those + three + beautiful + large + square 新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词 old + brown + wood + table |

6楼2006-05-09 20:29:09
guohuayin
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第六讲 副词 副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。 一、副词的位置: 1) 在动词之前。 2) 在be动词、助动词之后。 3) 多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 注意:a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。 We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. b. 方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well. 二、副词的排列顺序: 1) 时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。 2) 方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. 3) 多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。 改错:(错) I very like English. (对) I like English very much. 注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。 I don't know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat. 难点(1)兼有两种形式的副词 1) close与closely close意思是"近"; closely 意思是"仔细地" He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. 2) late 与lately late意思是"晚"; lately 意思是"最近" You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 3) deep与deeply deep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地" He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4) high与highly high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 5) wide与widely wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方" He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. 6)free与freely free的意思是"免费";freely 的意思是"无限制地" You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. (2)形容词和副词的比较级 大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1) 规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest 未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的) nicer nicest 的单音词和少数 large(大的) larger largest 以- le结尾的双 able(有能力的) abler ablest 音节词只加-r,-st 以一个辅音字母 big(大的) bigger biggest 结尾的闭音节单 hot热的) hotter hottest 音节词,双写结 尾的辅音字母, 再加-er,-est "以辅音字母+y" easy(容易的) easier easiest 结尾的双音节词,busy(忙的) busier busiest 改y为i,再加 -er,-est 少数以-er,-ow clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest 结尾的双音节词 narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest 未尾加-er,-est 其他双音节词和 important(重要的) 多音节词,在前 more important 面加more,most most important 来构成比较级和 easily(容易地) 最高级。 more easily most easily 2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ better best well(健康的) bad (坏的)/ worse worst ill(有病的) old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest |

7楼2006-05-09 20:44:06
guohuayin
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(3)as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。 He cannot run so/as fast as you. 2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。 as +形容词+ a +单数名词 as + many/much +名词 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.. 3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。 This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine. 4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as <=> 倍数+ then + of This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine. (4)比较级形容词或副词 + than You are taller than I. They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine. 注意: 1)要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is clever than his brother. 2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4)要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。 Which is large, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. (5)可修饰比较级的词 1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等 2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。 3)以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 1) ---- Are you feeling ____? ---- Yes,I'm fine now. A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better 2)The experiment was____ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much 3)If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time (6)many,old 和 far 1) 如果后接名词时, much more +不可数名词 many more +可数名词复数 2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 My elder brother is an engineer. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 3) far 有两种比较级,farther,further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。 在美语中,father 表示距离,further表示进一步。I have nothing further to say. (7)the + 最高级 + 比较范围 1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 注意: 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2) 下列词可修饰最高级,by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意:a. very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best. b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent. 3) 句型转换: Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class. 4) "否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。 Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing. (8)和more有关的词组 1) the more… the more… 越……就越…… The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make. 2) more B than A 与其说A不如说B less A than B He is more lazy than slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work. 3) no more…than… 与……一样……,不比……多The officials could see no more than the Emperor. no less… than… 与……一样……He is no less diligent than you. 4) more than 不只是,非常 She is more than kind to us all. 1)The weather in China is different from____. A. in America B. one in America C. America D. that in America 2)After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as 3)This ruler is three times as long as that one. |

8楼2006-05-09 20:46:17
guohuayin
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9楼2006-05-09 20:47:14
jincanyan
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10楼2006-05-09 22:48:02













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nly a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) many a (=many) Many books were sold.