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Exploring Quantum Mechanics£º Galitski, 2013
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Contents Symbols used in the book xiv Notations often used in the book xv Universal constants xvi 1 Operators in quantum mechanics 1 1.1 Basic concepts of the theory of linear operators 2 1.2 Eigenfunctions, eigenvalues, mean values 8 1.3 The projection operators 20 1.4 Quantum-mechanical representations of operators and wave-functions; Unitary operators 22 2 One-dimensional motion 32 2.1 Stationary states in discrete spectrum 33 2.2 The Schrödinger equation in momentum space; The Green function and integral form of the Schr¡§ odinger equation 46 2.3 The continuous spectrum; Reflection from and transmission through potential barriers 56 2.4 Systems with several degrees of freedom; Particle in a periodic potential 74 3 Orbital angular momentum 84 3.1 General properties of angular momentum 86 3.2 Angular momentum, l = 1 94 3.3 Addition of angular momenta 99 3.4 Tensor formalism in angular momentum theory 109 4 Motion in a spherically-symmetric potential 116 4.1 Discrete spectrum states in central fields 117 4.2 Low-energy states 141 4.3 Symmetries of the Coulomb problem 153 4.4 Systems with axial symmetry 158 5 Spin 165 5.1 Spin s = 1/2 166 5.2 Spin-orbital states with spin s = 1/2; Higher spins 180 5.3 Spin density matrix; Angular distributions in decays 191 5.4 Bound states of spin-orbit-coupled particles 198 5.5 Coherent-state spin path-integral 202 xii Contents 6 Time-dependent quantum mechanics 213 6.1 The Schrödinger representation; The motion of wave packets 214 6.2 Time-dependent observables; Constants of motion 225 6.3 Time-dependent unitary transformations; The Heisenberg picture of motion 232 6.4 The time-dependent Green function 247 6.5 Quasistationary and quasi-energy states; Berry phase 252 7 Motion in a magnetic field 270 7.1 Stationary states in a magnetic field 271 7.2 Time-dependent quantum mechanics in a magnetic field 286 7.3 Magnetic field of the orbital currents and spin magnetic moment 291 8 Perturbation theory; Variational method; Sudden and adiabatic theory 296 8.1 Stationary perturbation theory (discrete spectrum) 298 8.2 Variational method 316 8.3 Stationary perturbation theory (continuous spectrum) 325 8.4 Non-stationary perturbation theory; Transitions in continuous spectrum 336 8.5 Sudden perturbations 353 8.6 Adiabatic approximation 358 9 Quasi-classical approximation; 1/N-expansion in quantum mechanics 374 9.1 Quasi-classical energy quantization 381 9.2 Quasi-classical wavefunctions, probabilities, and mean values 408 9.3 Penetration through potential barriers 420 9.4 1/N-expansion in quantum mechanics 436 10 Identical particles; Second quantization 447 10.1 Quantum statistics; Symmetry of wavefunctions 448 10.2 Elements of the second quantization formalism (the occupation-number representation) 456 10.3 The simplest systems with a large number of particles (N ? 1) 472 11 Atoms and molecules 485 11.1 Stationary states of one-electron and two-electron atoms 486 11.2 Many-electron atoms; Statistical atomic model 509 11.3 Principles of two-atom-molecule theory 525 11.4 Atoms and molecules in external fields; Interaction of atomic systems 536 11.5 Non-stationary phenomena in atomic systems 565 Contents xiii 12 Atomic nucleus 598 12.1 Nuclear forces¡ªthe fundamentals; The deuteron 600 12.2 The shell model 612 12.3 Isotopic invariance 627 13 Particle collisions 637 13.1 Born approximation 642 13.2 Scattering theory: partial-wave analysis 663 13.3 Low-energy scattering; Resonant scattering 675 13.4 Scattering of fast particles; Eikonal approximation 713 13.5 Scattering of particles with spin 726 13.6 Analytic properties of the scattering amplitude 737 13.7 Scattering of composite quantum particles; Inelastic collisions 747 14 Quantum radiation theory 776 14.1 Photon emission 779 14.2 Photon scattering; Photon emission in collisions 790 15 Relativistic wave equations 810 15.1 The Klein¨CGordon equation 812 15.2 The Dirac equation 838 16 Appendix 866 16.1 App.1. Integrals and integral relations 866 16.2 App.2. Cylinder functions 867 Index 871 |
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