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[资源]
量子纳米化学 2016 第一卷
书名QUANTUM
NANOCHEMISTRY
(A Five-Volume Work)
Volume I:
Quantum Theory and Observability
作者Mihai V. Putz
出版社
CRC Press
页数641
List of Abbreviations.................................................................................. xiii
Preface to Five-Volume Set..........................................................................xv
About the Author........................................................................................ xxi
Foreword to Volume I: Quantum Theory and Observability................... xxiii
Preface to Volume I: Quantum Theory and Observability.......................xxvii
Chapter 1. Phenomenological Quantification of Matter.................................. 1
Abstract........................................................................................................ 2
1.1 Introduction......................................................................................... 2
1.2 Quantification of Waves...................................................................... 3
1.2.1 Black-body Radiation............................................................. 3
1.2.2 Planck’s Approach.................................................................. 7
1.2.3 Einstein’s Approach.............................................................. 11
1.3 Quantification of Substance.............................................................. 13
1.3.1 The de Broglie Formula........................................................ 13
1.3.2 The Wave Packet................................................................... 15
1.3.3 Born Normalization.............................................................. 17
1.3.4 Formal Heisenberg Indeterminacy........................................ 20
1.3.5 Bohr Hydrogenic Quantification.......................................... 21
1.3.6 Bohr’s Correspondence Principle......................................... 24
1.4 Consequences of Matter Quantification............................................ 27
1.4.1 Moseley Law and Spectral Atomic Periodicity.................... 27
1.4.2 Systems with Identical Particles........................................... 30
1.4.3 Maxwell-Boltzmann Statistics: The Partition
Function................................................................................ 32
1.4.4 Fermi-Dirac Statistics........................................................... 36
1.4.5 Bose-Einstein Statistics........................................................ 40
1.4.6 Fundamental Forces and Elementary Particles:
The Theory of Everything (TOE)......................................... 43
1.4.7 Stefan-Boltzmann Law of Radiation.................................... 49
1.4.8 The Wien Law: The Universe’s Temperature
and Anisotropy...................................................................... 541.5 Conclusion......................................................................................... 60
Keywords................................................................................................... 62
References.................................................................................................. 62
Author’s Main References................................................................ 62
Specific References.......................................................................... 62
Further Readings............................................................................... 63
Chapter 2. Formalization of Quantum Mechanics......................................... 65
Abstract...................................................................................................... 66
2.1 Introduction....................................................................................... 66
2.2 Wave Function Picture...................................................................... 67
2.2.1 Green and Dirac Functions................................................... 67
2.2.2 Momentum and Energy Operators........................................ 69
2.2.3 Klein-Gordon and Schrödinger Equations............................ 72
2.2.4 Electronic and Photonic Spins.............................................. 74
2.2.5 Eigen-Functions and Eigen-Values....................................... 75
2.2.6 Hermitic Operators............................................................... 76
2.2.7 Heisenberg Uncertainty Theorem......................................... 81
2.2.8 Ehrenfest Theorem................................................................ 85
2.2.9 Current Density Probability Conservation Theorem............... 89
2.3 Classical to Quantum Mechanics’ Correspondence.......................... 92
2.3.1 Classical Euler-Lagrange, Hamilton, and
Hamilton-Jacobi Equations................................................... 92
2.3.2 Wave-Function Quantum Field............................................. 97
2.3.3 Semi-classical Expansion and the WKB
Approximation.................................................................... 102
2.3.4 From Field Internal Symmetry to Current
Conservation....................................................................... 106
2.3.5 From Poisson Parentheses to Quantum
Commutators and Heisenberg Picture................................ 108
2.4 Bra-ket (Dirac) Formalism.............................................................. 115
2.4.1 Vectors in Hilbert Space..................................................... 115
2.4.2 Linear Operators in Hilbert Space...................................... 118
2.4.3 Spectral Representations of Vectors and Operators............... 126
2.4.4 Coordinate and Momentum Representations...................... 136
2.4.5 Energy Representation........................................................ 148
2.4.6 Heisenberg Matrix Quantum Mechanics:
The Harmonic Oscillator.................................................... 151![量子纳米化学 2016 第一卷]()
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