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SiO2          59.42        
PbO                1.16        
K2O                 7.88        
Na2O                5.72        
Al2O3        1.92        
SrO                10.4       
CaO                0.32       
BaO                9.67       
ZrO2                2.32

[ Last edited by cmjt4_12 on 2008-9-26 at 15:40 ]
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Fractions        Reagent/5 g sample        Experiment conditionss
Exchangeable        100 ml 1 M NaOAc (pH=8.2)        1 h at 25¡æ
Carbonate        100 ml 1 M NaOAc (pH=5.0)        1 h at 25¡æ
Fe-Mn Oxides        100 ml 0.04 M NH2OH•HCl in 25% (v/v) CH3COOH        5 h at 96¡À3¡æ
Organic matters        15 ml 0.02 M HNO3 + 25 mL 30% H2O2 (pH=2.0)
15 mL 30% H2O2 (pH=2.0)
25 ml 3.2 M CH3COONH4  in 20% (v/v) HNO3        2 h at 85¡À2¡æ

3 h at 85¡À2¡æ
30 min at 85¡À2¡æ
Residual        ASTM D 6357-11a
3Â¥2008-09-26 16:49:48
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At normal incident radiation, the IR spectra of the layers of thermally formed SiO2 have three characteristic absorption bands arising from the Si−O−Si groups [10¨C12]. The low-frequency band (around ¦Í3 = 450 cm−1) is caused by the rocking mode corresponding to the out-of-plane motion of the oxygen atom.The weakest absorption, of intermediate frequency (¦Í2 = 800 cm−1), is connected with bending vibrations, in which the oxygen atom motion occurs in the Si−O−Si plane and along the Si−O−Si angle bisector. The antisymmetric stretching vibrations, in which the oxygen atom motion occurs in the Si−O−Si plane and parallel to a line joining the two silicon atoms, are responsible for the strongest absorption, near ¦Í1 = 1080 cm−1 (Fig. 5.1, [10]). The stretching mode band is asymmetric with a broadening toward low frequencies [13]; for thick SiO2 a long high-frequency tail is observed [14], and the frequency corresponding to the maximum of this peak increases with increasing oxidation temperature (Fig. 5.1) [10].
The absorption spectra of the thermally formed amorphous SiO2 layers are similar to crystalline quartz spectra but can be distinguished by larger full-widthat-half-maximum (FWHM) values [9, 13, 15]. This confirms that the nearestneighbor structure, which affects IR absorption spectra, is the same for amorphous SiO2 and crystalline quartz.
At oblique incident IR radiation the stretching mode absorption band is split
into two bands with peaks around 1090 (¦ÍTO) and 1250 cm−1 (¦ÍLO)¡£

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