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[资源]
Vacuum Technology in the Chemical Industry
书名Vacuum Technology in the Chemical Industry
作者Wolfgang Jorisch
页数392
出版社wiley
9783527318346Contents
List of Contributors XV
1 Fundamentals of Vacuum Technology 1
Wolfgang Jorisch
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Fundamentals of Vacuum Technology 2
1.2.1 Fundamentals of Gas Kinetics 3
1.2.1.1 Mean Free Path 5
1.2.2 Equation of State for Ideal Gases 6
1.2.3 Flow of Gases through Pipes in a Vacuum 7
1.2.3.1 GasThroughput and Conductance 8
1.2.3.2 Flow through Long, Round Pipes 10
1.2.4 Vacuum Pumps Overview 12
References 14
2 Condensation under Vacuum 15
Harald Grave
2.1 What Is Condensation? 15
2.2 Condensation under Vacuum without Inert 16
2.3 Condensation with Inert Gases 17
2.4 Saturated Inert Gas–Vapour Mixtures 19
2.5 Vapour–Liquid Equilibrium 20
2.6 Types of Condensers 21
2.7 Heat Transfer and Condensation Temperature in a Surface
Condenser 24
2.8 Vacuum Control in Condensers 30
2.9 Installation of Condensers 30
2.10 Special Condenser Types 32
Further Reading 34
3 Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps in Industrial Process Applications 35
Pierre Hähre
3.1 Design and Functional Principle of Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps 353.1.1 Functional Principle 35
3.1.2 Design Details 37
3.1.2.1 The Medium Conveyance 37
3.1.2.2 Design of the Pressure Ports 37
3.1.2.3 Situation of theWorking Openings 39
3.2 Operating Behaviour and Design of Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps 40
3.2.1 Hydraulics 40
3.2.1.1 Power Consumption 40
3.2.1.2 Suction Volume 41
3.2.2 Thermodynamics 41
3.2.2.1 Condensable Components in the Medium to Be Pumped 42
3.2.2.2 Temperature of the Medium to Be Pumped 42
3.2.2.3 Operating Liquid 43
3.2.2.4 Catalogue Values 44
3.2.3 Counterpressure, Air Pressure 45
3.2.4 Design Data 47
3.3 Vibration and Noise Emission with Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps 48
3.3.1 Vibration Stimulation by Imbalance of Rotary Solids 48
3.3.2 Vibration Stimulation by Pulsation 49
3.3.3 Vibration Stimulation by Flow Separations 50
3.3.4 Measures for Vibration Damping 50
3.3.4.1 Factory Measures 50
3.3.4.2 Installation 50
3.3.4.3 OperatingMode 51
3.4 Selection of Suitable Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps 51
3.4.1 Simple, Robust and Suitable for the Entire Pressure Range 52
3.4.2 The Vacuum Pump for the Delivery of Liquid 52
3.4.3 Quiet and Compact for a Vacuum Close to the Vapour Pressure 57
3.4.4 A Compact Unit 59
3.4.5 The Right Sealing Concept 59
3.4.5.1 Single-Acting Mechanical Seal 59
3.4.5.2 Double-Acting Mechanical Seal 61
3.4.5.3 Magnetic Coupling 62
3.4.6 Vacuum Control 63
3.4.7 Valve Control 63
3.4.7.1 Bypass Recovery 63
3.4.7.2 Reduction on the Suction Side 64
3.4.8 Power Adjustment 64
3.4.8.1 Cascade Connection of Vacuum Pumps 65
3.4.8.2 Speed Adjustment in Vacuum Pumps 65
3.4.8.3 Cascade Connection Combined with Speed Adjustment 66
3.5 Process Connection and Plant Construction 67
3.5.1 Set-Up and Operation of Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps 67
3.5.2 Conveyance of the Operating Liquid 68
3.5.3 Precompression 69![Vacuum Technology in the Chemical Industry]()
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