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[×ÊÔ´] Holman_Heat_Transfer_10th_txtbk 1

CONTENTS
Guide toWorked Examples ix
Preface xiii
About the Author xvii
List of Symbols xix
CHAPTER 1
Introduction 1
1-1 Conduction Heat Transfer 1
1-2 Thermal Conductivity 5
1-3 Convection Heat Transfer 10
1-4 Radiation Heat Transfer 12
1-5 Dimensions and Units 13
1-6 Summary 19
Review Questions 20
List ofWorked Examples 21
Problems 21
References 25
CHAPTER 2
Steady-State Conduction¡ª
One Dimension 27
2-1 Introduction 27
2-2 The PlaneWall 27
2-3 Insulation and R Values 28
2-4 Radial Systems 29
2-5 The Overall Heat-Transfer Coefficient 33
2-6 Critical Thickness of Insulation 39
2-7 Heat-Source Systems 41
2-8 Cylinder with Heat Sources 43
2-9 Conduction-Convection Systems 45
2-10 Fins 48
2-11 Thermal Contact Resistance 57
Review Questions 60
List ofWorked Examples 60
Problems 61
References 75
CHAPTER 3
Steady-State Conduction¡ªMultiple
Dimensions 77
3-1 Introduction 77
3-2 Mathematical Analysis of Two-Dimensional
Heat Conduction 77
3-3 Graphical Analysis 81
3-4 The Conduction Shape Factor 83
3-5 Numerical Method of Analysis 88
3-6 Numerical Formulation in Terms of
Resistance Elements 98
3-7 Gauss-Seidel Iteration 99
3-8 Accuracy Considerations 102
3-9 Electrical Analogy for Two-Dimensional
Conduction 118
3-10 Summary 119
Review Questions 119
List ofWorked Examples 120
Problems 120
References 136
CHAPTER 4
Unsteady-State Conduction 139
4-1 Introduction 139
4-2 Lumped-Heat-Capacity System 141
4-3 Transient Heat Flow in a Semi-Infinite
Solid 143
4-4 Convection Boundary Conditions 147
4-5 Multidimensional Systems 162
4-6 Transient Numerical Method 168
4-7 Thermal Resistance and Capacity
Formulation 176
4-8 Summary 192
Review Questions 193
List ofWorked Examples 193
Problems 194
References 214
v
vi Contents
CHAPTER 5
Principles of Convection 215
5-1 Introduction 215
5-2 Viscous Flow 215
5-3 Inviscid Flow 218
5-4 Laminar Boundary Layer on a Flat Plate 222
5-5 Energy Equation of the Boundary Layer 228
5-6 The Thermal Boundary Layer 231
5-7 The Relation Between Fluid Friction
and Heat Transfer 241
5-8 Turbulent-Boundary-Layer Heat Transfer 243
5-9 Turbulent-Boundary-Layer Thickness 250
5-10 Heat Transfer in Laminar Tube Flow 253
5-11 Turbulent Flow in a Tube 257
5-12 Heat Transfer in High-Speed Flow 259
5-13 Summary 264
Review Questions 264
List ofWorked Examples 266
Problems 266
References 274
CHAPTER 6
Empirical and Practical Relations
for Forced-Convection Heat Transfer 277
6-1 Introduction 277
6-2 Empirical Relations for Pipe and Tube Flow 279
6-3 Flow Across Cylinders and Spheres 293
6-4 Flow Across Tube Banks 303
6-5 Liquid-Metal Heat Transfer 308
6-6 Summary 311
Review Questions 313
List ofWorked Examples 314
Problems 314
References 324
CHAPTER 7
Natural Convection Systems 327
7-1 Introduction 327
7-2 Free-Convection Heat Transfer on a
Vertical Flat Plate 327
7-3 Empirical Relations for Free Convection 332
7-4 Free Convection from Vertical Planes
and Cylinders 334
7-5 Free Convection from Horizontal Cylinders 340
7-6 Free Convection from Horizontal Plates 342
7-7 Free Convection from Inclined Surfaces 344
7-8 Nonnewtonian Fluids 345
7-9 Simplified Equations for Air 345
7-10 Free Convection from Spheres 346
7-11 Free Convection in Enclosed Spaces 347
7-12 Combined Free and Forced Convection 358
7-13 Summary 362
7-14 Summary Procedure for all Convection
Problems 362
Review Questions 363
List ofWorked Examples 365
Problems 365
References 375
CHAPTER 8
Radiation Heat Transfer 379
8-1 Introduction 379
8-2 Physical Mechanism 379
8-3 Radiation Properties 381
8-4 Radiation Shape Factor 388
8-5 Relations Between Shape Factors 398
8-6 Heat Exchange Between Nonblackbodies 404
8-7 Infinite Parallel Surfaces 411
8-8 Radiation Shields 416
8-9 Gas Radiation 420
8-10 Radiation Network for an Absorbing
and Transmitting Medium 421
8-11 Radiation Exchange with Specular Surfaces 426
8-12 Radiation Exchange with Transmitting,
Reflecting, and Absorbing Media 430
8-13 Formulation for Numerical Solution 437
8-14 Solar Radiation 451
8-15 Radiation Properties of the Environment 458
8-16 Effect of Radiation on Temperature
Measurement 459
8-17 The Radiation Heat-Transfer Coefficient 460
8-18 Summary 461
Review Questions 462
List ofWorked Examples 462
Problems 463
References 485
Contents vii
CHAPTER 9
Condensation and Boiling Heat Transfer 487
9-1 Introduction 487
9-2 Condensation Heat-Transfer Phenomena 487
9-3 The Condensation Number 492
9-4 Film Condensation Inside Horizontal
Tubes 493
9-5 Boiling Heat Transfer 496
9-6 Simplified Relations for Boiling Heat Transfer
withWater 507
9-7 The Heat Pipe 509
9-8 Summary and Design Information 511
Review Questions 512
List ofWorked Examples 513
Problems 513
References 517
CHAPTER 10
Heat Exchangers 521
10-1 Introduction 521
10-2 The Overall Heat-Transfer Coefficient 521
10-3 Fouling Factors 527
10-4 Types of Heat Exchangers 528
10-5 The Log Mean Temperature Difference 531
10-6 Effectiveness-NTU Method 540
10-7 Compact Heat Exchangers 555
10-8 Analysis for Variable Properties 559
10-9 Heat-Exchanger Design Considerations 567
Review Questions 567
List ofWorked Examples 568
Problems 568
References 584
CHAPTER 11
Mass Transfer 587
11-1 Introduction 587
11-2 Fick¡¯s Law of Diffusion 587
11-3 Diffusion in Gases 589
11-4 Diffusion in Liquids and Solids 593
11-5 The Mass-Transfer Coefficient 594
11-6 Evaporation Processes in the
Atmosphere 597
Review Questions 600
List ofWorked Examples 601
Problems 601
References 603
CHAPTER 12
Summary and Design Information 605
12-1 Introduction 605
12-2 Conduction Problems 606
12-3 Convection Heat-Transfer Relations 608
12-4 Radiation Heat Transfer 623
12-5 Heat Exchangers 628
List ofWorked Examples 645
Problems 645
APPENDIXA
Tables 649
A-1 The Error Function 649
A-2 Property Values for Metals 650
A-3 Properties of Nonmetals 654
A-4 Properties of Saturated Liquids 656
A-5 Properties of Air at Atmospheric
Pressure 658
A-6 Properties of Gases at Atmospheric
Pressure 659
A-7 Physical Properties of Some Common
Low-Melting-Point Metals 661
A-8 Diffusion Coefficients of Gases and Vapors
in Air at 25◦C and 1 atm 661
A-9 Properties ofWater (Saturated Liquid) 662
A-10 Normal Total Emissivity of Various
Surfaces 663
A-11 Steel-Pipe Dimensions 665
A-12 Conversion Factors 666
APPENDIX B
Exact Solutions of Laminar-
Boundary-Layer Equations 667
APPENDIX C
Analytical Relations for the
Heisler Charts 673
viii Contents
APPENDIX D
Use of Microsoft Excel for Solution
of Heat-Transfer Problems 679
D-1 Introduction 679
D-2 Excel Template for Solution of
Steady-State Heat-Transfer
Problems 679
D-3 Solution of Equations for Nonuniform
Grid and/or Nonuniform
Properties 683
D-4 Heat Sources and Radiation
Boundary Conditions 683
D-5 Excel Procedure for Transient
Heat Transfer 684
D-6 Formulation for Heating of Lumped Capacity
with Convection and Radiation 697
List ofWorked Examples 712
References 712
Index 713
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