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nature某篇文章其中一段，帮忙翻译一下标红的地方，尽量精确点，前后文已经给出，非常感谢 Several anilines important for both organic synthesis and industry are densely substituted with a variety of different functional groups. Hence, for a generally applicable catalyst system it is essential to perform the reduction of the nitro group highly chemoselectively. Notably, such functional-group tolerance might also omit the use of protecting groups and streamline more-complex syntheses. Especially with respect to selectivity, the reduction of -NO2 in the presence of other reducible substituents, such as ketones, aldehydes, alkenes or alkynes, remains challenging. Most common commercially available Raney–nickel, palladium or platinum catalysts are troubled by these issues. Nevertheless, Siegrist, Blaser and co-workers achieved the selective reduction of substituted nitroarenes using commercially available platinum catalysts modified by special additives. More recently, another important development came from the group of Corma, who disclosed a heterogeneous gold-based catalyst that can hydrogenate nitro compounds selectively in the presence of a number of functional groups. Nevertheless, so far there exists no inexpensive nonnoble metal catalyst system that allows for a general reduction of all kinds of nitroarenes. |
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2楼2014-12-22 19:55:12
3楼2014-12-22 21:14:20
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Notably, such functional-group tolerance might also omit the use of protecting groups and streamline more-complex syntheses. Especially with respect to selectivity, the reduction of -NO2 in the presence of other reducible substituents, such as ketones, aldehydes, alkenes or alkynes, remains challenging. 值得注意的是，这种官能团的耐受性也可能不用（或省略）使用保护基团，并简化更复杂的合成。尤其就选择性（而言），在酮、醛、烯烃或炔烃等其它可被还原取代基存在的条件下还原-NO2仍然具有挑战性。 |
4楼2014-12-22 22:31:31