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微观组织分析：工具及技术（英文版）
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Microstructural Analysis: Tools and Techniques 简介： During recent years, people involved in developing new metals and materials for use in some of the rather extreme conditions of stress, temperature, and environment have relied heavily on the microstructural condition of their materials. In fact, many of the newer materials, such as dispersion-strengthened alloys, have been designed almost entirely by first determining the microstructure desired and then finding the right combination of composition, heat treatment, and mechanical working that will result in the desired microstructure. Furthermore, the extremely high reliability required of materials used today, for example, in aerospace and nuclear energy systems, requires close control on the microstructural conditions of materials. This is clearly evident from even a cursory examination of recently written specifications for materials where rather precise microstructural parameters are stipulated. Whereas specifications written several years ago may have included microstructural requirements for details such as ASTM grain size or graphite type, today\'s specifications are beginning to include such things as volume fraction of phases, mean free path of particles, and grain intercept distances. Rather arbitrary terms such as "medium pearlite" have been replaced by requirements such as "interlamella spacing not to exceed 0.1 micron." Finally, materials users have become increasingly aware that when a material does fail, the reason for its failure may be found by examining and "reading" its microstructure. The responsibility for a particular microstructure and a resulting failure is a matter of growing importance in current product liability considerations. 目录: Table of contents : Content: Front Matter....Pages i-viii Photographic Techniques for Optical Microscopy and Macroscopy....Pages 1-22 Specimen Preparation Methods for Microstructural Analysis....Pages 23-34 Quantitative Stereology for Microstructural Analysis....Pages 35-66 Devices for Quantitative Analysis....Pages 67-91 Scanning Electron Microscopy for Microstructural Analysis....Pages 93-124 High Voltage Electron Microscopy for Microstructural Analysis....Pages 125-152 Microstructural Analysis and Fractography....Pages 153-168 X-Ray Diffraction Microscopy....Pages 169-219 Computers in Microstructural Analysis....Pages 221-239 Use of Leed, Auger Emission Spectroscopy and Field Ion Microscopy in Microstructural Studies....Pages 241-279 Microstructural Studies Using the Electron Microprobe Analyzer....Pages 281-285 Ion Probe Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Microstructures....Pages 287-313 Ion Scattering Spectroscopy for Microstructural Analysis....Pages 315-329 Back Matter....Pages 331-343 |
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2014-11-29 09:56:58, 10.91 M
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96楼2015-03-08 16:26:51
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2014-11-29 10:14
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