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[资源] 英文书籍《高温超导材料科学与工程》

英文书籍《高温超导材料科学与工程》High-Temperature Superconducting Materials Science and Engineering
We intend this book to provide an up-to-date introduction to the fascinating
field of high-temperature superconductivity. The focus of the book is on the
basic concepts and recent developments in the field, particularly in the areas
of vortex-state properties, structure, synthesis and processing, phase
equilibrium, defects characterization, thin films, conductor development, and
applications. Most of the theoretical issues are addressed in a straightforward
manner so that technical nonspecialists and university students can benefit
from the information. Furthermore, many physical concepts in
superconductivity are explained in light of current theories.
This book is written for a large readership including university students
and researchers from diverse backgrounds such as physics, materials science,
engineering and chemistry. Both undergraduate and graduate students will
find the book a valuable reference not only on superconductivity, but also on
materials-related topics, including structure and phase diagrams of complex
systems, novel ceramic and composite processing methods, thin film
fabrication, and new materials-characterization techniques. In particular, this
book gives a detailed introduction to experimental methods at low
temperatures and high magnetic fields. Thus, it can serve as a comprehensive
introduction to researchers in electromagnetic ceramics in general, and can
also be used as a graduate-level text in superconductivity.
The book devotes two chapters (Chapters 2 and 6) to cryogenic systems
and low-temperature measurements. Detailed experimental procedures for
both transport and magnetic measurements are presented at a level suitable
for people with no previous training in these areas. The book systematically
introduces cryogenics and low-temperature techniques specificallv for
characterizing superconducting properties. Furthermore, the book inciudes
numerous developments in magnetic property measurements of high-Tc
superconductors by using SQUIDs, ac susceptometers and vibrating sample
magnetometers. Recent developments in determining important
superconducting parameters such as To Hc2, and Jc are presented in detail,
providing essential information for researchers in the field. Chapters 2 and 6
are also valuable to beginners and technical nonspecialists in the study of
superconductivity and in low-temperature measurements.
Chapter 4 deals with vortex properties such as flux pinning, the Bean critical
state, and flux creep. Although these concepts were introduced long ago, new
vortex phenomena have been recently observed in high-Tc superconductors,
requiring new and modified physical models to interpret them. For example,
dynamic models including collective creep and Josephson coupling of bilayers
of CuO plates have been developed to solve the flux motion problem. More
fundamentally, flux avalanches observed near the critical state cannot be
explained by traditional flux-creep models: Chapter 4 gives a detailed
introduction to a new theory--self-organized criticality--for treating such
vortex motion problems.
Chapters 6, 7 and 8 should be of most interest to researchers in materials
xi
xii Preface
processing. These chapters give detailed descrip.tions of many traditional and
novel methods in synthesis and manufacture of ceramic materials with tailored
microstructures and desired forms for practical applications. Recent research
results in phase reactions, phase diagrams and heat treatment are presented
for several high-Tc systems. In addition, Chapter 5 presents new
characterization techniques using transmission electron microscopy, including
the electron energy-loss spectrum method. With these highly advanced
techniques, defect structures including tweeds, twin boundaries, grain
boundaries, stacking faults and dislocations in high-To ceramics are studied
in detail.
In Chapter 3, the crystal structure of various perovskites is introduced for
most of the high-To superconductors. The effects of structural changes on
superconductivity and oxygen-ordering behavior are analyzed and illustrated
by means of various experiments.
The last chapter concerns one of the most exciting aspects of
superconductivity: applications. Although industrial and scientific applications
of conventional superconductors have been well established for several
decades, it is a challenging task to use high-Tc oxides at liquid nitrogen
temperature. Microstructure control, reproducibility and grain boundary weak
links are still challenges to be overcome. Nevertheless, the potential
applications of high-Tc materials are certainly recognized in many areas such
as power transmission lines, magnetic levitation and nuclear magnetic
resonance. The field is young, offering researchers exciting opportunities to
make a major contribution to science and technology.

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2014-10-26 19:45:09, 24.18 M