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Stimuli-responsive materials, especially piezo- or mechano-fluorochromic (PFC) materials, have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in optical recording and fluorescence sensors.1¨C3 In principle, changes in the solid-state fluorescence of conjugated organic materials could be achieved by chemical or physical methods. The chemical method involves solid-state chemical reactions that provoke chemical structural changes of molecules4 and are usually incompleteand irreversible. The physical method, which involves the change of molecular packing mode instead of chemical alteration of the molecular structure, has been attracting considerable interest because switching and tuning the solid-state color and/or luminescence properties by controlling the molecular packing mode could not only provide practical applications in optical recording and sensing but also profit the fundamental understanding of photophysical properties. While there have been a variety of reports on organic and organometallic chromophores with PFC behaviour,1¨C3,5¨C8 recently, some conjugated organic molecules exhibiting aggregation-induced/crystallization- enhanced emission (AIE/CEE) have been the new mainstay of PFC materials.9¨C13 |
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