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Pureland

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[资源] 2013年新著——石墨烯基材料：科学与技术（英文版）

Graphene-Based Materials: Science and Technology by Subbiah Alwarappan and Ashok Kumar
English | 2013 | ISBN: 1439884277 | 224 pages | PDF | 21,7 MB

Continuously studied since its discovery, graphene offers truly unique opportunities, because unlike most semiconductor systems, its 2D electronic states are not buried deep under the surface and it can be easily accessed directly by tunneling or by other local probes.

An in-depth analysis of recent advances in graphene research, Graphene-Based Materials: Science and Technology discusses synthesis, properties, and their important applications in several fields. It examines methods for synthesis of graphene as well as surface characterization, properties, and application in biosensors and energy storage.

The book begins with a brief review of the history of graphene and a discussion of its important properties. It then presents the different methods of graphene synthesis available and a brief overview of a few important characterization techniques that distinguishes graphene from its allotropes. The authors detail the applications of graphene in high-speed electronics, field-effect transistors, biosensors, gas-sensors, ultra-capacitors, photonics, optoelectronics, and drug delivery. They conclude with coverage of the toxicity properties of graphene and the future of graphene research.

Written by experts with more than a decade of experience in nanotechnology research, the book incorporates the latest literature and findings in the field. Its emphasis on applications, especially biomedical/electrochemical and energy storage applications, sets it apart from other books on this topic. It provides those working in graphene and related materials a resource that helps initiate new thinking.

Contents
Preface........................................................................... ix
About the Authors ....................................................... xiii

1 Graphene: An Introduction......................................1
1.1 Graphene: History and Background ..........................  1
1.2 Graphene Properties .................................................. 4
1.2.1 Electrical Transport  Property ..........................  5
1.2.2 Quantum Hall Effect ...................................... 14
1.2.3 Optical Properties........................................... 15
1.2.4 Mechanical Properties .................................... 19
1.2.5 Thermal Properties .........................................20
References ..........................................................................22

2 Graphene Synthesis ............................................... 31
2.1 Introduction ...............................................................31
2.2 Mechanical Exfoliation ..............................................31
2.3 Alternatives to Mechanical Exfoliation .....................34
2.3.1 Chemical Method............................................36
2.3.2 Total Organic Synthesis ..................................37
2.3.3 Depositions .....................................................39
2.3.3.1  Overview ...........................................39
2.3.3.2  Chemical Vapor Deposition ..............41
2.3.3.3  Plasma-Enhanced Chemical
Vapor Deposition .............................  44
2.3.4 Thermal Decomposition.................................45
2.3.5 Thermal Decomposition on Other
Substrates ....................................................... 46
2.3.6 Unzipping  Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes .......47
2.3.7 Electrochemical  Synthesis .............................  48
2.3.8 Other Available Methods................................ 51
References ..........................................................................52

3 Surface Characterization of Graphene ...................59
3.1 Graphene Characterization........................................59
3.1.1 Optical Imaging of Graphene Layers.............59
3.1.2 Fluorescence Quenching Technique..............60
3.1.3 Atomic Force Microscopy ...............................62
3.1.4 Transmission  Electron Microscopy ................63
3.1.5 Raman Spectroscopy ..................................... 68
3.1.6 Electrochemical  Characterization ...................70
References ..........................................................................73

4 Graphene-Based Materials in Gas  Sensors ............77
4.1 Graphene-Based Materials as Gas Sensors..............  77
4.1.1 Improving  Graphene’s Gas Sensing
by the Insertion  of Dopants  or Defects.........85
4.1.1.1  CO on Graphene.............................. 88
4.1.1.2  NO on Graphene ..............................91
4.1.1.3  NO2  on Graphene .............................92
4.1.1.4  NH3 on Graphene .............................93
4.1.2 Density of States of the Molecule–
Graphene System ............................................95
4.1.3 The I–V Curves of Molecules on Graphene.....97
4.1.4 Concerns  for Practical Application................ 99
4.2 Graphene as a Membrane  for Gas Separation .......100
References ........................................................................ 114

5 Graphene-Based Materials in Biosensing and
Energy Storage Applications................................ 119
5.1 Electrochemical  Biosensors  Based on Graphene... 119
5.1.1 Graphene-Based Enzymatic Biosensors ...... 119
5.1.2 Graphene-DNA  Biosensors .......................... 121
5.1.3 Graphene Sensors for Heavy Metal Ion
Detection.......................................................123
5.1.4 Graphene for the Rapid Sequencing  of
DNA Molecules .............................................124
5.2 Graphene for Energy Storage Applications ............ 132
5.2.1 Transparent Electrodes  Based on
Graphene ...................................................... 132
5.2.2 Ultracapacitors  Based on Graphene............. 133
5.2.3 N-Doped  Graphene for Oxygen
Reduction  in Fuel Cells ................................ 141
References ........................................................................ 149

6 Graphene-Based Materials for Photonic and
Optoelectronic Applications ................................ 159
6.1 Introduction ............................................................. 159
6.2 Linear Optical Absorption....................................... 162
6.3 Saturable Absorption ...............................................164
6.4 Luminescence .......................................................... 165
6.5 Transparent Conductors .......................................... 167
6.6 Photovoltaic  Devices ...............................................168
6.7 Light-Emitting Devices ............................................ 170
6.8 Photodetectors ......................................................... 172
6.9 Touch Screens.......................................................... 173
6.10 Flexible Smart Windows  and Bistable Displays ..... 175
6.11 Saturable Absorbers and Ultrafast Lasers ............... 176
6.12 Optical Limiters ....................................................... 181
6.13 Optical Frequency  Converters ................................ 181
6.14 Terahertz  Devices .................................................... 182
References ........................................................................ 183
Index .......................................................................... 191

English | 2013 | ISBN: 1439884277 | 224 pages | PDF | 21,7 MB

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