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?? ???????????ù?????07?????о??????? ?? ????????????????07?????о??????? ?? ?????????????????07?????о??????? ?? ?????????????????????07???о??????? ????????????ü????? ??GC???????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????С????????????????????????????壿 ?????????? ??????·???????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??DNA Marker?????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????鷭?? ????????????????? ????????????·????????????????衱?? ????????????????? ?????????????й????? ????????????????????????(3) ????Ч?????????з???HPLC????????????? ????????????? ?????????????ж? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????? ????Ч????????????????????? ????????????????????????(1) ??????ǹ?????? ????????????????????? ????????HPLC????????????????? ????????????????????????(2) ????????豸????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????ü???? ????Ч????????(Agilent 1100)??????????? ???????????????????? ??HPLC?????????????????1 ????Ч?????????????????????輰??? ??????????(hplc)????? ?? HPLC???????????????ü????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????л??? ??????????????????? ??????л??ATP ???????? ????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????л ???????????? ????????????????? ??????л??ATP ????????????????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????????? ??PH???????? ???????????????? ???????????豸?????????????????????? ????????????????????????δ?????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????PCR???????? ?? ??????2007?????о??????????? ?? ????????2007?????о??????????ο???? ?? ?????????????????07?????о??????? ?? ???????????????????07???о??????? ????????4Pi???????ι???????????????????? ?? ??????2007?????о??????????? ?? ????????2007?????о??????????? ?? ??????????2007?????о??????????ο???? ?? ??????????2007?????о??????????? ?? ??????2007?????о??????????ο???? ?? ??????2007?????о??????????? ?? ???????2007?????о??????????? ?? ??????2007?????о??????????? ?? ???????2007?????о??????????? ?? ????????2007?????о??????????? ?? ???????2007?????о??????????? ?? ???????2007?????о??????????ο???? ?? ??????2007?????о??????????? ?? ???????2007?????о??????????? ?? ??????????2007?????о??????????? ?? ?????2007?????о??????????? ?? ??????2002?????о????????????????? ?? ??????2002?????о?????????????????? ?? ??????2003?????о?????????????? ?? ??????2003?????о????????????????? ?? ??????2003?????о??????????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????2003?????о??????????????????? ?? ??????2003?????о??????????????? ?? ??????2003?????о?????????????????? ?? ??????2004?????о?????????????????? ?? ??????2005?????о?????????????? ?? ????????????????????? ?? ??????2000???о?????????????????? ?? ??????2000???о?????????????? ?? ??????2000???о?????????????? ?? ??????2000???о????????????????? ?? ???????--??????? ?? ???????--??????? ?? ????????????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ???????????????????? ?? ????????--???????? ?? ??????????????????2004?? ?? ??????????????????2003?? ?? ??????????????????2002?? ?? ??????????????????????2000?? ?? ??????????????????2001?? ?? ??????1999???о?????????????????? ?? ??????1999???о?????????????? ?? ??????2000???о?????????????????? ?? ????????????????? ?? ?????????(?人???-?????) ?? ????????????????? ?? ??????2000???о?????????????????? ?? ??????2000???о?????????????????? ?? ???????2000???о???????????????(???????????? ?? ?人?????????????? ?? ??????1999???о?????????????????? ?? ??????1999???о??????????????? ?? ??????2000???о??????????????? ?? ???????2000???о?????????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???涴????????????棩??? ?? ?人?????????????? ?? ???????1999???о???????????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о???????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ?????????????????????о????????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1998???о???????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1999???о??????????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1998???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1998???о?????????????????(???????????? ?? ???????1998???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????2000???о?????????????(???????????? ?? ???????2000???о??????????????(???????????? ?? ???????2000???о???????????(???????????? ?? ?????????2000?????о??????????????????????? ?? ?????????1998?????о??????????????????????? ?? ?????账??????????? ?? ???????????????????????????????д????????? ?? ????????????????????????????????????? ?? ???????????????????????? ?? ???й?????? ?? ??????д?????й????? ?? ???д????????????? ?? ???????????????д ?? ?????SCI??????? ?? ???????????????????飨???飩???д ?? ??????????????? ?? ?????SCI??????? ?? pubmed????????? pubmed??? pubmed??? ?? ???????д?? ?? ??????????? ?? SCI??????????????????2005?? ?? SCI????????????????? ?? ???????????д???? ?? ???????????д???? ?? ?????SCI??????? ?? ??????????--?????????????????????? ?? д??????????? ?? ???????д??????????? ?? SCI??Science Citation Index??????????????? ?? ?????????sci??????? ?? ?????SCI??????? ?? SCI????????????????? ?? ????????д????????? ?? д???????????????? ?? SCI??????????????????2005?? ?? ??????????? ?? ???????д?? ?? ???????????????д ?? ??????д?????????? ?? ??SCI????????д????弼?? ?? ???й?????? ?? ???д????????????? ?? ???????????д???? ?? ?????????д?????????????? ?? ??????д?????й????? ?? ???????????????д ?? ???д????????????? ?? ??????????е???????? ?? ???????????????????飨???飩???д ?? ??????????????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ?????г??????д????? ?? ?????г??????д?????? ?? ??????????д?????????? ?? ????????????????? ?? ?д????????????? ?? ???????д?????????(??)????Title ?? ?дSCI??????????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ??????д??????????? ?? ??????д?????????? ?? ??????д?????????? ?? ????????д????????? ?? ???????д?? ?? ???????????? ?? ?о??????????? ?? SCI????????????????? ?? SCI??????????????????2005?? ?? SCI????????????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????г??????д ?? SCI??????????????????2005?? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???????д?? ?? ???????????????д ?? ???????????????д ?? ???????д?? ?? ??????д?????й????? ?? ???д????????????? ?? ???д????????????? ???????????????? ?? ??????????????????????????????????Χ ?? ??????д?????й????? ???????????????????? ????????????????????????ж???? ????????蹲????????????? ????????????????????? ??PCR?????????? ??Mastercycler???PCR??????淶 ????????????ü??? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????к????????? ??????绯?ATP?????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????? ????????? ?????????ǹ?????? ?????ǹ????? ??HPLC???????????????? ??721?????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????ó?? ?????????????????? ??Too many bands on a Western&nbs ??RAPD??????? ??Preparation of nucleic acid probes ??Southern Hybridization Protocols ??Southern Analysis ??Southern Blotting ??SOUTHERN BLOTTING ???????????????????λ????黯???? ??Southern??? ??RFLP??????? ??Southern Blotting ??Southern Blotting: DNA Transfer ??Standard hybridization technique ??Tail Chop Southern Protocol ??Southern blotting ??Southern ??????? ??Southern ????????? ??Non-radioactive Probes ??Northern Blot: Glyoxal/DMSO ??Northern Blotting ??Northern Blot??鷽?? ??Northern Blots ??Northern blot????-??鷽?? ??Northerns ??Pre-hyb/hyb for Radioactive Probes ??Northern Blot ??RNA/Zeta Probe Dot Blotting protocol ??Western Blot with BSA ??RAPD??????? ??western???????--WESTERN BLOT PROTOCOL ??Western Blotting - Antibodies ??CARBONATE TRANSFER SOLUTIONS ??Probing and Stripping of Western Blot ??Western Blotting Protocol ??ECL Western ??Western blotting protocol for 1C2, 3B5H10, and 4C8 Antibodies ??Protocol for anti-HA antibody Western Blotting ??Western Blot/Anti-P-CREB ??Western Blot of TBP from TBP-GST bacteria ??Kamps's Western Blotting Protocol ??Dry Transfer--????????? ??Western blotting using ECL reagent ??Posi blot transfer ??Hybridization of high density arrayed BAC nylon filter blots ??IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION OF NON-RADIOLABELED RNA PROBES TO SECTIONED TISSUE ??DNA in situ hybridization ??mRNA In Situ Hybridization with Nick-Translated Probes ??PREPARATION OF ACID CLEANED SLIDES ??ACCUMULATION & FIXATION OF PLANT METAPHASE CHROMOSOMES ??Squash preparation of plant chromosomes ??Y Chromosome In Situ Hybridization Histochemistry (ISHH) ???λ??????????????????鲽?? ??Practical in situ Hybridization ??Checking Biotin and Digoxigenin labeled Probe ??Hybridization Histochemistry ??RNA Wholemount In situ Hybridization ??In situ hybridization on tissue sections using DIG-labeled RNA probe ??In Situ Hybridization--?λ?????????? ??Non-Radioactive In Situ Hybridization to Sections ??RNA (riboprobe) labeling FOR HYBRIDIZATION HISTOCHEMISTRY ?????????ù????? ??????????????????? ??Western Blotting??????????????? ??In situ hybridization for Epstein Barr Virus-encoded RNA (EBER) ???????Western??????????? ??Western?????? ??????λ??? ??Northern?????? ??Southern?????? ??????λ?????Tissue in situ hybridization?? ???????????鳣???????? ???????? ????????????????????? ??RNA in situ protocol for DNA and RNA probes ???????λ?????colony in situ hybridization?? ???λ????????????????????????? ??cRNA??????λ??????????е???? ??DNA???????????????λ??????????е???? ???λ?????鲽?? ??In situ hybridization ???λ???????????鼼?? ??PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS FOR FISH ?????DNA????????????? ??WHOLE MOUNT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION.Mouse Embryos ??mRNA In Situ Hybridization with Nick-Translated Probes ??In Situ Hybridization ??In Situ Hybridization Using Digoxige ??????????cRNA?????鷽?? ??Autoradiography ??Hiro Hirai's BAC-FISH Protocol ???λ?????????? ??Non-fluorescent protein/RNA double-labeling ???????????Bolton??Hunter??????? ??PRINS???? ??In Situ Hybridisation Protocol ??Hiro Hirai's PRINS Protocol ??Storage of Chromosome Preparations for FISH ??96-well RNA In Situ Hybridization Protocol ??????λ?????FISH??????????鵼???λ????PRINS?????? ??TISSUE PREPARATION FOR IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ??Preparation of Paraffin Sections and Frozen Tissue for FISH ???λ?????????????????????? ??Nick Translation ??In Situ Hybridization Using Digoxige ??Protein-DNA Telomere FISH ??Western?????? ??Western Blot Protocols ??Cell Lysates For Western Blotting ??Western ??????? ???????Western??????????? ??Western Blots ??Western Blot ??western blotting??????? ??Far-Western Blotting ??WESTERN BLOTTING USING CHEMILUMINESCENCE ??Far Western Protocol ??Western Blot ??Stripping Western Membranes ??Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot ??Western Immunoblotting of Proteins ?????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????е??Щ??? ???????????????????? ???????????? ??T cell Activation Protocol ??????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????D????????????? ?????????????????? ??Working Cell Bank ??????????DMEM???????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ??Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies ??Yeast Cell Cycle by Flow Cytome ??Paraformaldehyde ??????????????????????????? ??Phycoerythrin conjugation protocol ???????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????ATP??? ???????????????????????? ??????????????PCR??? ????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ???й???????????????????? ??Electroporation of ES cells ??ES and TS cell freezing/thawing ??ES Cell Culture and Manipulation ?????????????????????[???] ???????????????? ??Culturing HEK 293 Cells ??С????????????????鲽?? ??Lacrimal Experimental Protocol ??Micronucleus Assay in Blood Lymphocy ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??Injection of ES cells into moru ????????????????鷽????Culturing Drosophila c ??ES-cell injection into mouse blastoc ???????????????Drosophila Cell Lines?? ??Preparing 48-Well Plate Feeders ??PC12 Cell Culture and Fusion ??Preparation of Embryonic Extract ??Tissue Culture of PtK1 Cells ??CELL ADHESION ??Matrigel invasion assays ??H-Thymidine Uptake by Cultured Cells ??CELL CYCLE ANALYSIS ??Cell Cycles - Introduction ?????????? ??Chemotaxis Assay ???????????????293??? ???????????????????????????? ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Matrigel invasion assays ??????????????? ??Master Cell Bank ??Freezing and Thawing cells ??Timing of Cycles ??Apoptosis: Miniassay ??Freezing and Thawing Cultured Cells ??Freezing Cells ??Cell Freezing ??Collection of Peritoneal Cells ??Mycoplasma Detection Using DNA Stain ??Liver lymphocyte harvesting ??Osteoblast Harvest Adult Mice ??Quality Control Considerations ??Authentication of Cell Lines ??Viability Cell Count ??Maintenance of Cell Culture ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Subculturing Monolayer Cell Cultures ??Cell Culture Selection Guide ??Hemacytometer Reference Guide ??Subculturing Cells ??Use of a Hemacytometer ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Cell counting with an hemacytometer. ??Trypan blue viability test ??Passaging cells ??Freezer and Cell Line Database ??Infection with retroviruses ??Eukaryote Growth Dynamics ??Growing cells ??Hemacytometer Workbook ??Subculturing Monolayer Cell Cultures ??Culture of endometrial explants ??Subculturing Cells ??Establishment of a Primary Culture ??Maintenance of Cell Culture ??Viability Cell Count ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Cell Culture Selection Guide ??In vitro culture of embryonic l ??Neuron Cell Culture ??Tissue Culture Methods ??Lung Organ Culture ??Thawing Cells (Schreiber's protocol) ??Introduction to Animal Cell Culture ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Tissue Culture Media ??Slice and Explant Culture ??ORGANOTYPIC LIMB CULTURES ??ORGANOTYPIC KIDNEY CULTURES ??Stock solutions for tissue culture ??Solutions for Tissue/Cell Digestion ??Serum Thawing & Heat Inactivation ??Subculture of Suspension Cell Lines ????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????鷽?? ?????????/?????????? ?????????????????? ??Western??????? ??????????DNA????? ??TUNEL labeling ??DNA???鼼??-???? ?????????????????? ????Ч???????????HPLC?? ?????鶯???????RNA????? ????????RNA?????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ??MAPK????·?о????? ??Neutralizing Bioassay Protocols ??????????? ?????????? ??Cytokine Bioassays ??SAPK/Jun kinase assays ??Pheromone Halo Assay ??The Under-Agarose Migration Assay ??Chemotaxis Assay Using Microchemotaxis&nb ??In Vitro T Cell Activation ??In Vitro T Cell Activation ??Pheromone Halo Assay ????????????о????? ??SAPK/Jun kinase assays ??Chemotaxis Assay Using Microchemotaxis&nb ??The Under-Agarose Migration Assay ??Cytokine Bioassays ??MAPK????·?о????? ??Neutralizing Bioassay Protocols ??Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation ??JC-1?????????????λ????? ???????????????????? ??????????????е??????????е???? ?????????????? ???о?????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????鷽????? ??Timing of Cycles ??MTT assay for cell proliferation ??NK-cell cytotoxicity assay ??3H-Thymidine Uptake by Cultured Cell ??H-Thymidine Uptake by Cultured Cells ??Cell Viability Assay ??Soft Agar Assay ??cell proliferation assay ??Determination of IC50 ??Cytotoxicity Assays Protocol ??Crystal Violet Assay ??MTT Cell Proliferation Assay ?????????????????????? ??Tubulin Basics ??Lysosome Isolation in Isotonic Sucro ??Actin Capture Assay ???????????????????????鷽????PI??Brdu) ??Lysosome Isolation in Isotonic Sucro ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??Em observations of microsomes ??Preparation of tubulin ??Organelle DNA Library Construction ??SDS Gel Electrophoresis of TubulinM ??TEM Visualization of Microtubules ??Immunofluorescent Localization of Tubulin ??Tubulin Polymerization with GTP/GMPCPP/Ta ?????????????? ??MT Spindowns from Extracts ??Isolation of Microtubules (Bovine Br ??Recycling Tubulin ??Large Scale Tubulin Preparation ??CHO Centrosome Prep ??????????PI??????? ??????????DNA??? ??????????????????? ?????????????? ????С?????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????С???????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????MOI???????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????PI?????? ?????????(?) ?????????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??MTS?????????? ???????????????????????Heochst 33342/PI????? ???????????????????????Annexin V/PI????? ?????????????????? ??MTT?????????? ?????????????? ??MTT??CMC ??4С?51Cr???????CMC???? ???????????????????? ??????????е??????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????????????????ATP ????????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????(???) ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??????????????HL??60??????????????????? ??????????????HL??60???????????????????? ??????????г???????????? ???????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ?? ?? ????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???????С????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????? ???????С?????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ???????? ??PAS???? ??H.E???? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????????????????? ????????_??????????????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????_????????鵼???????? ????????_?????????鵼???????? ????????-???????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????ο??? ??δ??????????????? ????????????????????????word??? ????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????(?) ?????????????????????????????--X-VIVO ??????????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????word??? ?????????????? ???????????е?????????? ?????漰??????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ???????黯???????д??????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??С????????????????鲽?? ???????????????? ????Ч???????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ??С??????????????? ??Percoll?????????????????????????????????????? ??PC12 Cell Culture and Fusion ??Culturing HEK 293 Cells--????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??Ficoll????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????й??????????? ???????????й??????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????·?????? ????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????·?????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????????估???????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??Viruses???????? ??Archaea???????? ??EMBnet?????? ??Vertebrates???????? ??Human???????? ??????????????????????? ??Bacteria???????? ??Invertebrates???????? ??Plants???????? ??Fungi???????? ??Insects???????? ??Mitochondrion and chloroplast???????? ??EMBnet ????? ???????????????--????? ????????????к??????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ARGO????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????????????????????λ?? ?? BxAF?????????????? ?? ??????????????????? ?? ????????????????????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ?????:??????????ü??????? ?? Elsevier Science??????? ?? Cookie????? ?? ???????????? ?? Google?????????? ?? Chemical Business NewsBase??????鼰???????? ?? Pharmaprojects??????鼰???????? ?? Derwent Journal of Synthetic Methods??????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ?? ???????????????????????? ?? hashimoto???????? ?? ????Blackwell???????? ?? SD??????? ?? VPN??md??EZ???? ?? huangwei98???????? ?? ??????????????????? ?? ???й??????????? ?? ???????????(3) ?? ???????????(2) ?? ??μ???????????????????? ?? ??????????????????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ???????????(1) ?? ??ο???????????????? ?? ?λ?????????????· ?? SCI(?????????????????? ?? ????????????桢???????????????????漰????Scirus ?? ?л????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ???????????????????? ?? LocusLink???? ?? Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)???? ?? ??????????????? ?? ??????---????γ?μ?????????????? ?? Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins(COG)???? ?? ????????????????? SCI ,EI, ISTP ISR ?? UniGene Resources ?? NCBI?????????? ?? NCBI??Coffee Break ?? NCBI??????????о????? ?? NCBI(???????????＼?????????)????? ?? NCBI(???????????＼?????????)??? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????? ??Insects???????? ??Mitochondrion and chloroplast???????? ??Invertebrates???????? ??Archaea???????? ??Viruses???????? ??????????????????????? ??Fungi???????? ??Bacteria???????? ??Vertebrates???????? ??EMBnet?????? ??Human???????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????估???????????? ??Plants???????? ??EMBnet ????? ?????????? ????????????????? ??E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol&n ??Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe ??Total Bacterial RNA Labeling with&nb ??Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe ??Genomic DNA Labeling Protocol ??Amino-allyl Reverse Transcription ??????о???DNA????У??????????е?????????輼?? ??Protocol for Reverse Transcription a ??Preparation of Slides ??Preparation of DNA Samples ??SD??????? ?? ????google????????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????б? ?? ????Blackwell???????? ?? ???????? ?? JSTOR ????? ?? SeqAnalRef?????з???????ο?????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ???????SCI????? ?? ??????????????? ?? Google?????????????鱨?? ?? ????????(????????????????) ?? Chemical Business NewsBase??????鼰???????? ?? ???FinePrint pdfFactory Pro???????????? ?? ??????????? ?? TOXNET?????????????????? ?? KSC ?????????????? ?? VPN??md??EZ???? ?? ????CNKI?????? ?? ?й?????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????????????????? ?? ???й??????????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ?й?????????????? ?? NASA?????????????? ?? ?й????????????? ?? ?й??????????????? ?? ARGO????????? ?? ???????????????????? ?? CNKI????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ??????????????????????λ?? ?? ???????????? ?? LocusLink???? ?? BxAF?????????????? ?? ????RefSeq??NCBI?ο????? ?? Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins(COG)???? ?? Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)???? ?? ??????????????????? ?? UniGene Resources ?? ??ο???????????????? ??DNAMAN????÷?????? ?? ???????????λ?????? ?? Google?????????? ?? ?????:??????????ü??????? ?? ?????????????????---????????????? ?? ?????????????????---????? ?? ?????????????????---?? ?? ?????????????????????? ?? ????google??????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? ?????????????????---RNA???? ?? ???????SCI????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????Motif ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? ?????????????????---????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ???ezproxy????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????????????????????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ?????????????????---???????? ?? ?????????????????---??л?·????????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? ?????????????????---????????????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? PDF??????????? ?? ???FinePrint pdfFactory Pro???????????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? ????????????????? ?? ?????о?? ?? ?й????????????????? ?? ????CNKI?????? ?? CNKI????????? ?? ????RefSeq??NCBI?ο????? ?? ????????????? ?? ???????????????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????????????????---??????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ebrary???????? ?? ???????NATURE?????÷??? ?? ?????????????????---????????? ?? ?????????????????---???????????? ?? ????????????????Science Links Japan ?? "???IP????????????Χ"?????????? ?? ????google????????? ?? ??????У??? ?? ????????????????? ?? free??????? ?? Google?????????????鱨?? ?? ???????????λ?????? ?? ??CA????????????????STN ?? ????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??LIBSVM???????÷??? ??LIBSVM Tools ??Free Medical Journal ??Springer ???? ???й?????????????о???/???? ???????????????? ???????? ???????????? ???й????????????--CNKI ??PubMed Central ?? NCBI(???????????＼?????????)??? ?? NCBI??????????о????? ?? NCBI??Coffee Break ?? NCBI?????????? ?? ???????????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ?? ???????NATURE?????÷??? ?? ?????о?? ?? ?????????????????---????? ?? ?????????????????---?? ?? ?????????????????---RNA???? ?? ?????????????????---????????????? ?? ???????????????????????? ?? ????google??????? ?? SCI(?????????????????? ?? ??μ???????????????????? ?? ?л????????? ?? ????????????????? ?? ?λ?????????????· ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????Motif ?? ??????????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? ????????????????? SCI ,EI, ISTP ISR ?? ??????---????γ?μ?????????????? ?? ?????????????????---????? ?? ?????????????????---???????? ?? ????????????? ?? huangwei98???????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? ?????????????????---??л?·????????? ?? ????????????桢???????????????????漰????Scirus ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? ?????????????????---????????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????????????---??????????? ?? Cookie????? ?? ???????????? ?? ????????????????????? ?? hashimoto???????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????---??????? ???????????????????---????????? ?? Elsevier Science??????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ?????????????????---???????????? ?? ????????????????? ?? ????????????????? ?? ?????????????D?DScience Links Japan ?? "???IP????????????Χ"?????????? ?? ?й????????????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???????????λ?????? ?? ?????????????????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ProQuest?λ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????У??? ?? ebrary???????? ?? ????????????????????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ????????????????? ?? CrossFire???????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? free??????? ?? ????????????? ?????ezproxy????????? ?? PDF??????????? ?? Pharmaprojects??????鼰???????? ?? ???????????????? ?? ????????????? ?? EMBASE????????????????? ?? CAB???????? ?? ??????????? ??Derwent Journal of Synthetic Methods??????????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????????????????UPDATE????? ?? ??????????????? ????CA????????????????STN ?? ?????????????? ?? ??л?????????????л????????? ???????黯????????? ??Histochemical assays for plant secti ?????????????黯?????? ???????黯???????д??????????????????? ???????黯??????????????????????? ???????黯???????????????????? ????????[Antigen repair] ??????????壨McAb?????????????忹????????? ????????????????(Indirect agglutination reaction technique) ??????????????????Direct agglutination reaction technique?? ????????????????Complement fixation reaction technique???? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????岡????? ????????????????????????????????????? ???к???????(Neutralization test technique) ??????????弼????? ?????????弼????Polyclone antibodies preparation technique?? ??Protein A Purification of Antibody ???????????????? ??????????弼?? ????????????????? ??Protein G Purification of Antibodies ??????????????????????????? ??125I??????????弼?? ??Purification Of Anti Peptide Antibod ??Purification of mAb (IgG) ????????????????????? ??Antibody Purification ???????????????????? ??AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF ANTIBODIES ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????? ???????γ??? ??????????????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies ??Antibody Labeling ??Recipies for Cell Fusion ??Fusion and Cloning ??Monoclonal Antibody Production ??Biotinylation of Antibody ??Protocol for Cell Fusion ??Conjugation of Antibody to HRP ??General Fusion Protocol ?????????????????????弼?? ????????? ???????????弼?? ??How Do I make an Antibody ?????????????(Precipitation reaction technique) ??introduction to antibody ??ELISA???????????????? ??Making antibodies to synthetic pepti ??Testing Rabbit Bleeds By Elisa ??125I??????????弼?? ??Purification Of Anti Peptide Antibod ??ELISA ?????е?????????? ??[ELISA]?????????Quaility Control,Q.C?????? ???????????????????[ELISA]??????????? ???????????????????[ELISA]???????? ??BA-ELISA ??ELISA????? ?????ELISA????Ч??????????????????????? ???????????(Immunoenzymatic technique)???? ??Making ELISA using good antibodies ??PCR????????--PCR??ELISA ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??ELISA ??ELISA ??Immunoblot Protocol ??Sandwich ELISA ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??COMPETITION ELISA ??ELISA??????? ??Sandwich ELISA Protocol ??ELISA??????????? ??ELISA???????????????? ??ELISA????䴙????????????? ?????ELISA????Ч??????????????????????? ??ELISA???????? ??ELISA??????????????? ??Live Cell ELISA Protocol ??Indirect ELISA ??Gangliosides ELISA protocol ??ELISA with Platelet ??Peptide Inhibition ELISA Protocol ??ELISA Inhibition Assay ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??Competitive ELISA ??ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoadSorbent Assa ???????????????飨ELISA????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????弼?? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ??Fluorochrome Absorption and Emission ??Fluorescence Mounting Medium (Antifade) ??FLUORESCENT STAINING OF CELLS ??Antibody cleanup ????????????????????? ??BrdU incorporation assay ???????????????????????????? ??Anti-HA Immunocytology ????????????濹?????CD????????(CD1-CD247) ??Immunofluorescence ????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??Immunofluorescence of Cells ?????嶯??????????????? ??????????? ??Large-scale Immunocytology ??Staining for Surface Receptors ???????T????????CTL?????????????? ??General Immunofluorescence Protocol ??Staining for total receptors ????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ??HLA?????????? ??peritoneal macrophage preparation ??Phagocytosis ??Enrichment of PBMCs with monocytes ??T and B cell Isolation ??erythrophagocytosis assay ??macrophage dichloromethylene diphosphonate ???????????????????? ???????????????鼼?? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????е???? ??????????????????? ???????????????????Щ???? ??????????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ??Preparing Colloidal Gold for Electro ????????????????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??Immunostaining Protocol ??ELISA ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????崿?? ??Silver Enhancement of Colloidal Gold ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??Preparing Colloidal Gold for Electro ??Introduction to Immunocytochemistry ??IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY ??Immunostaining Protocol ??FIXATION WITH FORMALDEHYDE-ACETONE ??serotec??????鷽?? ??Immunocytochemistry ??Fixation with Glutaraldehyde ??Freeze Substitution ?????????????????? ???????????????似??(IRMA) ??????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ???????黯????????????м???????? ???????????????????е???? ????????? ???????????? ???????黯С??? ????????????????????????????? ?? ??????????????? ????????????????鼰????? ????????????????????????????????о???? ?????????????????????????(Breast carcicnoma) ??????????????????????????е???? ?? ????????????Immunoelectrophoresis technique ??????????????????????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????黯??????? ???????黯???????????? ???????黯???????е???????? ???????黯???????д??????????????????? ??Expanding Hybridoma Clones ??monoclonal antibody production fusion ??Antibody Conjugation Protocol ??Testing Rabbit Bleeds By Elisa ??Purification Of Anti Peptide Antibody ??Coupling Peptides To Resin For Affinity Purification ??ANTIBODY BINDING TO PROTEIN A AND PROTEIN G ??Hybridoma Production ??Purification of Endotoxin Free mAbs ??Notes on Making Rat x Y3 Monoclonal Antibody Producing Hybridomas ??Monoclonal Antibody Production ??Fusion Protocol ??Polyclonal Antibody Production ?????????????????????western??ELISA?????? ??125I??????????弼?? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????弼?? ????Ч?????????С????е???????? ??Sepharose CL-4B?????????????IgG??IgG???? ??DEAE-Sephadex A-50????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??FITC?????????? ??HRP (?????????????) ?????????? ????????壭HRP????????????????????????????????????? ??FITC??RB200?????????弼?? ?????????????????????? ??PH????????????о???? ??A chemokine-driven positive feedback loop organizes lymphoid follicles ??Chemokine control of HIV-1 infection ??SANDWICH ELISA protocol ??Introduction to Antibodies - Appendix ??ELISA FOR DETECTING SECRETED ICAM-1 ??Introduction to Antibodies - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) ??Sandwich ELISA ??Basic ELISA Protocol ??DETECTION OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS BY ELISA ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??DIRECT ELISA USING FLUORESCENT SUBSTRATE PROTOCOL ??DIRECT ELISA PROTOCOL ??ELISA protocol ????? ??ELISA??????????????Ч?? ????????????????????? ??ELISA Inhibition Assay ??T??????????? ??EAC??廨?????? ?????????廨?????? ??EA??廨?????? ?????????????A????(SPA)???? ??????????????淽?? ?????λ???λ????黯???????黯????? ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????羵????????? ????????鷽???????? ????????????羵???????????????? ?????????羵????????? ???????????????[RIA] ???????????????????????? ???????ELISA??????2a,??2b??????(??2a,??2b) ???????ELISA????????????????2????(sIL-2R) ??????????????-??(TNF-??)?????????? ????????????????????????? ??С?????????????黯??? ???????ELISA???????????8(IL-8) ??ConA???С????????????IL-1???????????? ???????????2(IL-2)???????????? ?????EL-4 CTLL???IL-1????????? ????????(IFN)??????????? ???????????6(IL-6)??????????? ??ConA???С????????????IL-1???????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????:?????? ???????????????????????(APAAP)?????黯????????????????? ??Percoll?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????γ????? ??125I??????????徺????????? ???????????????????????黯?е???? ??Ficoll????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????е???? ???????????(McAb)???????????????????2a??????(rHuIFN-??2a) ????Ч?????????С????е???????? ??Sepharose CL-4B?????????????IgG??IgG???? ????????????(Dot Immunobinding Assay, DIBA) ??DEAE-Sephadex A-50????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????弼?? ????????? ?????????????????????弼?? ??HRP?????????? ?????????????(Precipitation reaction technique) ??125I??????????弼?? ??Dot??IGSS?????????忹?? ??SPA??????? ????????????????????? ??TransWell Chemotaxis ???????????????????????? ??Needle Assay for Chemotaxis ??GTP??S-induced Inhibition of Binding ??10% FORMAL SALINE ??ELASTIC VAN GIESON (EVG) ??70% Ethanol Fixation 70%?????? ??Low-melt Polyester Embedding ??????????? Paraffin Embedding ??Microdissection Overview ??????? ??Immuno-Laser Capture Microdissection ??Manual Microdissection ??????? ??DNA-based Studies Processing of Microdissected Tissue for Molecular Analysis ??RNA-based Studies Processing of Microdissected Tissue for Molecular Analysis ??Processing of Microdissected Tissue for Molecular Analysis ??Slide Preparation for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) ??Slide Preparation for Manual Microdissection ??Histotechniques ?????????-TISSUE CULTURE STOCK SOLUTIONS AND MEDIA ???????RNA???????--Arabidopsis RNA extraction protocol ?????????????ó?????--C. elegans Gene Knockout Protocol ??Simplified Arabidopsis Transformation Protocol ??Generating males by heat shock(worms) ????浰?????--Making Protein Gel Samples from Worms ?????????????-Worm genomic Southern blots ?????????RNA???--C. elegans RNA prep ??Cleaning Worm Stocks--??????? ?????????--Culturing Worms ??worms Response to food assay ??N2 development times at different temperatures ????????--Freezing Worms ??Microinjecting worms ????????????--Liquid culture of worms ??Preabsorbing Antisera with C. elegans Acetone Powder ??Dye Filling to Stain Amphid and Phasmid Neurons ??Integrating extrachromasomal arrays into the C. elegans chromosomes ??Lethal phase determination ???????????--DROSOPHILA HEAD COLLECTION ??DROSOPHILA DNA PREP ??IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ON SCHNEIDER LINE 2 CELLS ??IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ON WHOLE MOUNT EMBRYOS ??DROSOPHILA RNA PREP ??IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ON Drosophila BRAINS ??In Situ HYBRIDIZATION TO TISSUE SECTIONS ??Drosophila RNAi Screening ??Cuticle preparations ??Arabidopsis Seed Collection ??ARABIDOPSIS TRANSFORMATION ??CSF Extract Prep for Spindle Assembly ??Protocol for vacuum-infiltration transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana ??Antibody Staining of Imaginal Discs ??Antibody Staining of Ovaries ??Antibody Staining of Larval Imaginal Discs ??Whole mount in situ hybridization with digoxygenin probes ??Crude Extract Immunodepletion ??HSS Extract Immunodepletion ???λ????????? ??Western Blotting and Immunostaining Protocol ???????????--Immunofluroescence Technique ??Probing and Stripping of Western Blot ?????????λ??????--Immunofluorescent Localization of Tubulin ??Large-scale immunofluorescence ??Immunocytology using the HA epitope ??????????????????????????????? ??Yeast IF without Dehydration--?????????????????????) ??Antibody cleanup--??????????? ??Immunofluorescence in yeast-?????????? ??????????????--Immunofluorescent Staining of Yeast:SDS Permeabilization Metho ??ELISPOT ?????? ??????????????????????????-Immunofluorescence Protocol for Confocal Microscopy ??Indirect Immunofluorescence ??ELISpot Assay Principle ??ELISPOT-????????????? ?????????????????????????-Purification of human mononuclear cells and neutrophi ????????????-Macrophage depletion by clodronate ??peritoneal macrophage preparation ??Human ELISPOT ??ELISPOT Assays Visualize the Secretory Product of Individual Cells ??T-cell dependent antigen specific in situ staining (Pe) ??Isotype-specific immunostaining with mouse primary antibodies on mouse tissue ??Double Immunohistochemistry ??Immunohistochemistry on fixed, paraffin-embedded sections ??Double immunofluorescence staining for BCL-6 and else ??Double immunohistochemistry for BCL6 and PNA for Germinal Center detection ??Dissociated Retina Immunohistochemistry ??IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY on PARAFFIN OR CRYOSECTIONS ???????黯????-Immunohistochemical Protocols ??Immunohistochemistry ??Immunohistochemistry Protocol-Cytokine Antibodies ??IHC Protocol for Free Floating Brain Sections ??Immunohistochemistry / Immunocytochemistry Procedures ??Blocking of unwanted non-specific staining ??DETECTION OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS BY ELISA ??BA-ELISA ??????-?????ELISA ??Indirect ELISA ??Gangliosides ELISA protocol ??Basic ELISA Protocol ??ELISA with platelets ??Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) for NGF ??Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies ??AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF ANTIBODIES ??Preparation Of Peptide-KLH Conjugates For Immunization ??ELISA PROTOCOL ??Yale University ?? ?? SPA?????? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA?????? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? ??⿹?????? ?? SPA????? ?? ????????????? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ?? ELISA??????? ?? ??????????????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ?? IgG????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ????PCR (Immuno PCR, Im-PCR) ?? ?????????(immunofluorescence) ?? ???弼?? ?? ?????????? ?? ????????弼??????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA?????? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA?????? ?? SPA????? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? ???????????羵???? ?? ????????? - ??????????? ?? SPA????? ?? ????????? - ???????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? Immunoprecipitation of metabolically labe ?? Preparation of Modifed Radioimmunoprecipi ?? Embryo Lysates & Immunoprecipitation ?? ??????????羵???? ?? Vital Staining of Chromosomes with&n ?? Progesterone receptor_BrdU double Immunof ?? STAINING NONFILAMENTOUS ACTIN WITH V ?? Preparing a cell block from cel ?? ???嶯??????????????? ?? Yeast IF without Dehydration ?? Yeast IF with Methanol/Acetone Dehyd ?? Immunofluroescence Technique ?? Making Boiled Donkey (or whatever)&n ?? SPA?????? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA????? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? SPA?????? ?? Preparation of cytospin from single& ?? CHAPS Insoluble Floating Fraction Pr ?? SPA????? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? Ammonium Sulfate Binding Assay for&n ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? The production of monoclonal antibod ??????????о????--CD44 ??CD44 ??CD44??????V6??V7/8???С???????е???Ｐ??????? ??MTX???? ????????(MTX) ??C. elegans whole mount immunohistochemistry with Bouin's Fixative ??С???????????--??????????? ??Cryotomy ????????????????? ????????????? Processing tissues for light microscopy ???羵?????????? Specimen preparation for electron microscopy ?????????????????????? Preparation of tissue section adhesives ??Histological fixatives ???????????????? ??Preparation and use of Zamboni??s-fixed Frozen Sections in Immunohistochemistry ???????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????????EDTA???????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????? Stain for argyrophil granules ??GRIMELIUS ???????? Parrafin Sectioning ???????????????????????????Histochemical Staining ??????????? Stain for Sperm Acrosomes ???????黯???????????????? ??Connective Tissue Stain for Muscle Biopsy :GOMORI TRICHROME ?????? Glutaraldehyde ???????ß?????????????????????? ??????????????????? Rapid Processing of Fresh Tissue into Paraffin ??FOUCHET METHOD stain for bile ??????????и? Laser Microdissection protocols ??POLY-L-LYSINE COATED SLIDES ??GIEMSA FOR Helicobacter pylori ??3-AMINOPROPYLTRIETHOXYSILANE TREATED SLIDES ??????? 4% paraformaldehyde ????????DMAP??? ??Preparation of Triazoles by Organometallic Addition to Ketones ???????????????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????β?????? ?? Tips and hints for the storage& ?? Fusion is an important procedure&nbs ?? Antigen Design & Sera Purification&n ?? Fusion of Mouse, Rat, or Hamste ?? ??????????(Immune colloidal gold tech ?? Single Cell Cloning by Serial D ?? Peroxidase Conjugation by Periodate ?? Cloning by Limiting Dilution of ?? Preparation Of Peptide-KLH Conjugates&nbs ?? SPA?????? ?? Preparation Of Peptide-KLH Conjugates&nbs ?? Protocol for Limiting Dilutions ?? Immunization Protocol for Monoclonal ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? Polyclonal Antibody Production ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? SPA????? ?? Coupling Peptides To Resin For ?? GST-fusion protein injection into ra ?? Immunocytochemistry: Common problems and& ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? Immunostaining of Cells Adherent to& ?? Immunohistochemistry: Fluorescence Protocol&nb ?? Embedding in Resins for Immunocytoch ?? PREPARATION OF ANTI-BLEACHING MOUNTING&nb ?? Immunofluorescence on ultrathin resin&nbs ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA?????? ?? SPA????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PROL ?? IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PROL ?? macrophage dichloromethylene diphosphonate) ?? Purification of human mononuclear ce ?? SPA?????? ?? SPA?????? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA????? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? SPA????? ?? ???????????羵??鼼?? ?? CST???? Western Blot ?????? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? SPA?????? ?? SPA????? ?? SPA???IgG ?? ????????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? IgG????????? ?? SPA???? ?? E??廨?????? ?? ????????(Immune colloidal gold) ?? ???????????羵 ?? ??????????? ?? SPA????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ??????????羵 ?? ????羵 (Immune electron microscopy) ?? ??????????? ?? ?????羵 ?? SPA?????? ?? ????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ?? SPA????? ?? SPA??Э????????? ?? SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ?? ??????黯??(?????黯??) ?? ????????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????????(PAP)????? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????????????????? ?? ????????弼????????? ?? ?????????(ELISA) ?? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????????(immunofluorescence) ?? ?????????? ?? ????PCR (Immuno PCR, Im-PCR) ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?? IgM????????? ?? IgA????????? ?? IgG????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ????PCR (Immuno PCR, Im-PCR) ??The Restriction Enzyme Database ????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ????????б???Enzymes Generating Blunt Ends ????????б???Enzymes Generating 5'-protrudi ?????????ü??????????????? ?????????ü???????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????ü???????????????? ??CD???????1996?? ????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??L-?????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????????塢???????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????????????1999?棩 ???????????????????? ????????????????Windows ?棩 ????????????? ?????????ж?????????????? ?????????????????????????ɡ? ??????????????? ???????ж?????????????? ????????ж?????????????? ???????????ж?????????????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ?????ü?????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????Χ ????????????ж?????????????? ???л????ж?????????????? ??????? ???ж??????????????? ????????ж?????????????? ??????ж?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ??????????????ж? ???????ж?????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????豸?????? ???????????????÷??? ?????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????????ж?????????????? ?????ж?????????????? ?????ж?????????????? ????ж?????????????? ???Щ???????????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????????10?????????????????100??????ж???????? ????????????????????? ??X???????????? ?????????????????? ????????ж?????????????? ?????ж?????????????? ???????????ж?????????????? ????????ж??θ ??????-????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????ж?????????????? ??????????ж? ????????????????????? ????????ж?????????????? ????????????? ??????ж?????????????? ?????? ????????????????????????ù??? ?????????????????? ?????????????? ??Basta Selection ??Complementation in Arabidopsis ??Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA)?? ??PLANTING SEED ??GUS Staining of Pollen ??Pollen Tube Germination Media ?????????????--Preparing Soil for Planting ??????????--Sterilizing Seed ??????????western blotting ??Progeny analysis of plants ??Seed sterilization for cereals ????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????--?????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????(?????????????LOWRY??) ???????????????????? ??Sterile Technique ????????????????) ??Removal of Counts : NaOH Method ??Light Microscopy--???????????? ??Use of Light Microscope-????????????? ??YAC TRANSFER by KAR1 ??Sending Strains ??Frozen Permanents ??FROGGING ??Yeast sporulation (liquid) ??Quick Yeast Transformation ??ChIP Protocol-Mechanical Breakage & FA Lysis Buffer ??FLOW CYTOMETRY ??FACS Machine Instructions ??CHIP PROTOCOL FOR YEAST ??CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (CHIP) PROTOCOL FOR YEAST ??0.5M EDTA ??20X SSPE BUFFER ??10X TBE BUFFER ??SCE ??SPECTROPHOTOMETER INSTRUCTIONS ??POSI BLOT SOLUTIONS ??Zymolyase (3mg/ml) ??GLASS BEADS ??Oxalyticase (1mg/ml) ??ALPHA FACTOR ARREST AND RELEASE ??Ampicillin(50mg/ml) ??BLOTTING W/ BSA ??Sterile Technique--?????????????????? ??UPDATED DIRECTIONS FOR NEW BRUNSWICK MOBILE PILOT PLANT FERMENTOR ??PEAS Labeling Gcn4-cys ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ??Use of Light Microscope--????????????? ??Fluorescence Mounting Medium (Antifade) ??Protocols: Acid Cleaning Coverslips ??Removal of Counts : NaOH Method ??Light Microscopy--???????? ??Appendix F: Centrifugation ??Exposing gels and plates containing radioactive samples to X-ray film ??Appendix H: Radioactive tracers ??Autoradiography using Emulsion-coated Coverslips ??Use of HMS Genetics Confocal Microscope ??Basic Theoretical Principles--??????????? ??Single-channel Protocols and Data Analysis ??????????????????? ??The Practice of Patch Clamping--??????? ??How to interrupt scintillation? ???????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????? ??96-well Plate Dual Luciferase Assay--96???????????? ???????????????? ??RT??PCR???HeLa????Ц?3-actin????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????25?棩 ????????????????? ????????г?????????????? ???????????????????????pH? ??????????????????? ?????ú???????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ????????????鷨 ??? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ????鱨?????д ??Marker???DIY ??????????????????????? ??????С?????????? ???????λ???????????λ???_ ???????λ????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????(programmed cell death,PCD) ??????С??(apoptotic body) ??ced-4 ????ced-4 gene?? ?????????(necrosis) ??ced-3 ????ced-3 gene?? ?????????????(phospholipid exchang proteins, PEP) ??????(flippase) ?????????(cytosol) ????????(sarcoplasmic reticulum) ????????P-450(cytochrome P-450) ?????????(cell death) ???????(free radical) ??Hayflick????(Hayflick life span) ????????(cellular aging??cell senescence) ??????????(muscle stem cell) ????????(endoplasmic reticulum, ER) ???????(microsomes) ??С??????(transport by vesicles) ????????????(smooth endoplasmic reticulum, SER) ????????????(rough endoplasmic reticulum, RER) ????????(neural stem cell??NSCs) ??????????(hematopoietic stem cell??HSC) ??????????histological engineering?? ????????????unipotent stem cell?? ????????????pluripotent stem cell?? ??????????(cytoplasmic membrane system) ???????????(membrane-bound organelles) ???????(endomembrane systems) ?????????(across membrane transport) ?????????(transport through nuclear pore) ????????????????? Molecular Weights of Commonly Used Chemicals ????????????????? Calculating Amounts of Nucleic Acids ??????????? The Genetic Code ??????Tm??????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????? Toxic dose of antibiotics for cell lines ??P32??????????????? P32 Autoradiographic Exposure Times ???????????? The Restriction Enzyme Database (REBASE) ????????????? Codon Usage Database ??Pichia?????????? ?????????????????? Culture of Dissociated Cortical Neurons ??Co-staining with Thioflavin S & Carboxyfluorescein ??Beta-Gal staining in primary neurons ??????????о????? Modern Techniques in Neuroscience Research ???????????????С??С????? Dissociated Cultures of Cerebellar Neurons ??Investigating the behavioral displays of male Siamese fighting fish ??Alcohol Consumption ??Cocaine-stimulated Locomotor Activity Testing Protocol ??Water Maze Escape Learning Task ??Features of the Husbandry to be Equated Across Labs ??Locomotor Activity Testing Protocol ??Protocol for Elevated Plus Maze ??Protocol for Rotarod Coordination testing ??Procedures Common to the First Five Behavioral Tests ??Quick and simple mouse forebrain commissure anatomy ??Banker Culture Hippocampal Dissection ??Principles of Surgery ?????????????г???????????? ?????????????С??-Adenovirus Cre Intranasal Infection Information & Protocol ??Embedding, Sectioning, and Mounting of Frozen Tissues ??Genotyping from mouse tails ????β??????????-Making collagen solution from lyophilized rat tail collagen ??Bovine Rectal Palpation ????????????????????????TUNEL??????????? ??Differential Staining of Live and Dead Embryos using Fluorescein Diacetate ??FAM caspase 8 and 9 binding assay for embryos ????????????????廷?? ?????????TUNEL???-TUNEL procedure for preimplantation embryos ??ARNT Knockout genotyping by PCR ??Ahr transgenic genotyping by PCR ??Ahr knockout genotyping by PCR ??ARNT transgenic genotyping by PCR ??Cyp1a2 genotyping by PCR ????鶯???????????????????????? ????鶯?????????? ?????????????????鶯???????????????? ?????????С??????LD50??? ???????ó?--Gene Knockout Protocols ????鶯??????????????????鷽????? ??????????????? ?????????--Transgenic Mouse-Methods and Protocols ????鶯??????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????? ????????????????? ??MS Plant Tissue Culture Medium ??The Hill Reaction ??Isolation of Mitochondria ??DAPI?? ??Isolation of Chloroplasts from Spinach Leaves ??Photosynthesis by Respirometry ??Chlorophyll Content ??Respiration: Succinic Dehydrogenase ??Cytochrome Oxidase Manometric Analysis ??Respiration of Mitochondria ?????????-Aniline Blue Staining of Pollen/Pollen Tubes ????????(spectrin) ?????????? ??????(membrane skeleton) ???????(biomembrane,or biological membrane) ????????(plasma membrane) ?????????? ??????????(assembly reaction factor, ARF) ????????? ?????嵰?????(coatmer protein??, COP??) ??СGTP??????(small GTP binding protein) ???????(cytoplasmic membrane) ??????(cell membrane) ???(membrane) ?????????(cell sociology) ??????????(cytoskeletonic system) ?????С??(clathrin-coated pit) ???ν????(adaptin, AP) ???????(clathrin) ???????????????(genetic expression system) ??????????(dynamin) ??COP???С??(COP??coated vesicle) ????????????(biomembrane system) ????????(eucaryotic cell) ???????(mesosome) ???????(Bacteria, eubacteria) ??COP???С??(COP?? coated vesicle) ?????????С??(clathrin-coated vesicle) ?????????????(low-density lipoprotein, LDL) ?????????(transferrin) ???????????(transcytosis) ????????(prokaryotic cell) ?????????(self assembly) ???????(archaebacteria) ????????(splicesome) ????????(primosome) ??????(ligand) ????????(fusion protein) ??????????(pinocytosis) ??????????(phagocytosis) ??????鵼??????????(receptor-mediated endocytosis) ?????????(cytogenetics) ????????(template assembly) ??????????(cytophysiology) ??????(domain) ????????(cytochemistry) ??????????(exocytosis) ?????(shock) ?????????(cell secretion) ?????????????(constitutive secretory pathway) ??????????????(regulated secretory pathway) ??????(mycoplasma) ??????????????(molecular biology of the cell) ????????????protoplasm theory?? ???????????(molecular biology) ???????(cell theory) ??M6P???嵰??(M6P receptor protein) ??????(endosome) ??????(silicosis) ??????????????(glycogen storage disease type ??) ??????(signal patch) ??????????(cell biology) ?????????(potoplast) ???????(cell plasma) ?????(cell) ??????????(autophagy) ??????????(autolysis) ??p53???? ??????????(phagocytosis) ?????????????(heterolysosome) ?????????????(autolysosome) ??src????(sarcoma gene) ?????????proto-oncogene?? ????????(oncogene) ??RB???? (Retinoblastoma gene) ???μ??????(secondary lysosome) ?????????(Tumor suppressor gene) ???????????(primary lysosome) ???????(spherosome) ???????(lysosome) ?????(vacuoles) ??????????(tumorigenesis) ?????(metastasis) ??????????(begign tumor) ??Bcl-2????(Bcl-2 protein) ??O-??????????(O-linked glycosylation) ???????????????(ER retention signal) ?????????(contact inhibition) ????????????(heavy-chain binding protein, Bip) ??N-?????????(N-linked glycosylation) ?????????????(Golgi complex) ?????????(survival factors) ???????????????????????(cysteine-containing aspartate-specific proteases??c ??ced-9????ced-9 gene?? ???????????????tumor necrosis factor,TNF?? ??bcl-2 ???????bcl-2 protooncogene?? ????????????(internal signal sequence) ?????????(stop-transfer peptide) ???????????(signal recognition partical, SRP) ?????????(docking protein, DP) ???????????(start-transfer signal) ????? ??????????(extracellular matrix,ECM) ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????(lignin) ???????(cellulose) ????????? ??????(pectin) ?????????(hemicellulose) ?????????(cell surface) ???????(cell coat) ??????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????(phosphorylating transport) ??Э?????(cotransport) ??????ATPase(transport ATPase) ??????? ??????????(aquaporin) ??????? ??Э????? ?????嵰??(carrier protein) ??????? ??в????????(stretch-gated channel) ??????-??????(ligand gated channel) ??????? ??????? ????λ-??????(voltage-gated channels) ????????? ?????????(channel protein) ????????? ?????????? ????????(facilitated diffusion) ???????(simple diffusion) ???????? ???????? ?????(diffusion) ?????(osmosis) ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????A(gramicidin A) ??????????(ionophore) ???????? ???????? ?????????(membrane transport protein) ?????ù??(valinomycin) ??????????(transcellular transport) ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????(intracellular transport) ?????????(cellular transport) ?????(patching)??? ????????????????(fluorescence recovery after photobleaching FRAP) ???????????????????(electron spin-resonance spectroscopy,ESR) ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????(cell fusion) ????????(transverse diffusion) ?????????(lateral diffusion) ?????(phase transition) ???????????????(radioactive labeling procedure) ????С?? ???????? ??????????(freeze fracture) ????λ????(unit membrane model) ????????????(fluid mosaic model) ?????? ?????????? ?????????(Lamella structure model) ???????(porin) ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????(integral protein) ???????(cholesterol) ?????????(peripheral protein) ???ê??????(lipid-anchored) ?????????? ???????(liposome) ????????? ??????????? ??TGF???????? ?????????? ?????????(adducin) ????4.1????(band 4.1 protein) ??ê??????(ankyrin) ?????(phospholipids) ????????? ????3????(band 3 protein) ???????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????(glycophorin ) ?????????(gap junction) ????????(cell signalling) ?????????(plasmodesmata) ????????(communicating junction) ??ARS ????(autonomous replicating sequence) ??????(chromatin) ??????(chromosome) ?????????(unique sequence) ?????????(repetitive sequence) ????????(hemidesmosomes) ?????????(desmosome) ??????(adhesion belt) ??????(adhesion plaque??focal adhesion) ??????(desmosomes) ???????????(intramolecular chaperones) ????????(importin) ?????????(exportin) ?????????(nucleoplasmin) ?????????(molecular chaperones) ?????????(adherens junctions, zonula adherens) ??????????(nuclear expotr-signal,NES) ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????(cell junction) ????????? (plaque-bearing junction) ?????λ???(nuclear localization signal, NLS) ???????(nuclear protein) ??????(selectins) ???????(perinuclear space) ??????????(nuclear pore complexs,NPCs) ???????????(cell adhesion molecule, CAM) ????????(cell adhesion) ???????(lamina) ??????(inner nuclear membrane) ????????(lectin) ??????????(cadherin) ??????壨lysosome?? ???????(nucleus) ??????(nuclear envelope) ??????(outer nuclear membrane) ???????endocytosis?? ?????????endomembrane system?? ???????????growth factor?? ?????????tonofilaments?? ????????(cell locomotion) ??????????endoplasmic reticulum??ER?? ????????(stree fibers) ?????????(cytoplasmic streamting) ??????(microvilli) ??????????adheringjunction?? ????????????paracrine cell?? ????????intron?? ?????????????fluid mosaic model?? ??????????membrane transport protein?? ???鼡??????(nebulin) ????????(tropomyosin, Tm) ??????????(titin) ?????????(troponin??Tn) ??????(thin filament) ????????????hematocrit value?? ???????????????? ?????????redcell??erythrocyte?? ????????????????erythrocyte sedimentation rate?? ??????? ??????(think filament) ????????(myofibril) ???????(myosin) ??????(sarcomere) ??????????????ribosomal RNA??rRNA?? ???????(myofibers) ????С?壨nucleosome?? ???????壨ribosome?? ??????????????RNA polymerase?? ??????л??anabolism?? ?????????(membrane-binding proteins) ??????????????????(actin filament-depolymerizing protein) ?????????????nucleolus organiting region??NOR?? ???????????(monomer-sequenstering protein) ??????????(cross-linking protein) ??????и???(filament-severing protein) ???????????nucleolar cycle?? ???????nucleolus?? ????????壨Golgi apparatus??Golgi complex?? ??????translation?? ?????????(phalloidin) ??????壨spindle?? ?????(basal lamina??basement membrane) ????????(cell recognition) ?????????????(neural cell adhesion molecule,N-CAM) ??????????(integrin) ??????????gap junction?? ???????secretion?? ?????????Actinomycete?? ???????????(laminin, LN) ?????????protein?? ?????????(elastin) ????????????(fibronectin, FN) ?????(collagen) ??????(ground substance) ??????????semipermeable membrance?? ??????????(polyribosomes) ??Cdc2????(Cdc 2 protein) ??Cdc28????(Cdc 28 protein) ??Eλ??(exit site, E site) ??SD????(SD sequence) ?????(START) ??Pλ??(P site) ??Cdc34 ?????Cdc34 protein?? ??Aλ??(A site) ????????????????????(cyclin-dependent protein kinases, Cdks) ??5S rRNA????(5S rRNAgene) ??????????(gene amplification) ????????(ribosome) ??????????????(anaphase-promoting complex,APC) ?????????(cyclin) ?????????????(receptor down-regulation) ????????????(maturation promoting factor??MPF) ??????????????(premature chromosome condensation,PCC) ???????????(conditional mutants) ????????(receptor desensitization) ?????????(cell cycles) ???????(synchronization) ?????????(divergence) ??????(crosstalk) ??Sos????(Sos protein) ??Ras????(Ras protein) ??????????(nucleolar cycle) ???????(nuclear matrix) ????????(scaffold) ??Grb2????(growth factor receptor-bound protein 2) ??EGF????(EGF receptor) ??????(nucleolus) ??SH????(SH domain) ??????????????(insulin receptor substrate??IRSs) ?????????????(epidermal growth factor, EGF) ??????????(polytene chromosome) ?????????(giant chromosome) ?????????(lampbrush chromosome) ???????????(insulin receptor) ??T-??(terminal-banding) ???????????(signaling cascade) ???????(affinity labeling) ?????彻??(receptor crossover) ?????????????λ??(nuclease-supersensitive site) ????????(second messengers) ???????(centromere) ??????(kinetochore) ????????????(facultative heterochromatin) ????С??(nucleosome) ?????????峬????(surface receptor superfamilies) ??G-???????????(G-protein linked receptor) ????????????????(ino-channel linked receptor) ?????????(enzyme linked receptor) ????????????(constitutive heterochromatin) ???????????(intracellular receptor) ????????(heterochromatin) ??????????(surface receptor) ???????????(cis-acting element) ???????(heteropythosis) ????????(euchromatin) ???????(neurotransmitters) ??????( receptor) ??????????(autocrine signaling) ??????????(paracrine signaling) ?????????????(trans-acting factor) ????????-???-?????????(helix-turn-helix motif) ???????????????(leucine zipper motif) ??????-??-???????(helix-loop-helix) ??п??????(zinc finger motif) ??????(hormone) ?????????(local mediators) ??????????(endocrine signaling) ????????(signaling molecules) ????????(signal transduction) ?????鵰??(nonhistone proteins) ?????????(telomeric sequence??TEL) ?????????(artificial chromosome) ???鵰??(histone) ??CEN ????(centromeric sequence) ???????(cell communication) ?????????(cell determination) ???????(gastrula) ??ATP???(ATP synthase) ??????????(oxidative phosphorylation) ???????????(chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis) ???绯????(electrochemical gradient) ???????blastula?? ?????????(complex ??) ??????????maternal information?? ??????(cleavage) ?????????(complex ??) ?????????(complex ??) ????????I( complex I) ????????(pronuclei fussion) ??????(cortical reaction) ????????(respiratory chain) ?????巴?(acrosomal reaction) ?????????(fertillization) ??????(acrosome) ????????λ(oxidation-reduction potentials, redox potentials) ????????(cytochromes) ???????(iron-sulfur proteins, Fe/S protein) ????(uniquinone UQ)???Q(coenzyme Q) ?????????(flavoproteins) ??????????spermatocyte?? ??????????spermatogonia?? ????????(Sertoli cells) ???????????spermatogenesis?? ?????????(nurse cell) ??????(glycolysis) ??????????(electron carriers) ??????(oxidation) ???????????(citric acid cycle) ??????(leading peptide) ?????????(follicle cell) ?????????(gametogenesis) ?????????(oogenesis) ????????(oogonia) ????????(oocyte) ???????????(membrane-bound ribosomes) ???????????(free ribosomes) ?????????(morphogenesis) ??????????(post-translational translocation) ??????????(protein sorting) ???????????(co-translational translocation) ????????(cell differentiation) ?????巢??(individual development) ?????????????????model of double-strand breaks recombination?? ??????????????????model of single-strand breaks recombination?? ????(cristae) ?????(inner membrane) ???????(recombination nodules) ???????????(protein targeting) ????????????(intermembrane space) ???????????(matrix) ??????(synapsis) ?????????壨synaptonemal complex,SC?? ???????(diakinesis) ???????(diplotene stage) ?????(outer membrane) ??RNA??(RNA editing) ????RNA(guide RNA, gRNAs) ?????????(apolipoprotein B) ????????(mitochondrion) ????????(pachytene stage, pachynema) ????????(spliceosome) ???????????????????Zygotic or initial meiosis?? ????????м?????????Sporic or intermediate meiosis?? ???????(leptotene stage) ???????(zygotene stage) ??II???????(group II introns) ??I???????(group I intron) ???????????????????Gametic or terminal meiosis?? ??GT-AG ????(GT-AG rule) ???????(nuclear splicing) ??????????P (ribonuclease P) ?????????(cytokinesis) ???????????(mitotic apparatus) ???????????(centrosome cycle) ??????????(meiosis) ??????????(peptidyl transferase) ??????(anaphase) ???????(intron) ????????(exon) ?????????(self-splicing) ?????(telophase) ??????(metaphase) ???????(prometaphase) ??????RNA(antisense RNA) ?????(prophase) ?????(ribozyme) ?????????(proteasomes) ??С????RNA(small RNA) ?????????(mitosis) ?????????(nuclear lamina protein) ?????(check point) ???????restriction point?? ??????ù??(puromycin) ??S????????(S phase-promoting factor,SPF) ??N-?????(N-end rule) ???????????(molecular motor) ????????(pair-rule genes) ??????(parasegment) ????????(maternal gene) ?????????zygotic gene?? ?????????(gap genes) ??????????(?? tubulin) ???????(nucleation) ?????????(colchicine) ???????(taxol) ?????(metamorphosis) ???????(imaginal discs) ??????(basal body) ??α???mRNA??masked mRNA?? ?????????(translational contral) ???????????(homeotic mutation) ????????(triplet) ????????????(microtubule organizing centers, MTOC) ????????(centrosome) ????????(centrioles) ?????????(homeobox) ???????????homeodomain?? ????????(doublet) ???????????homeotic gene?? ????????(transcriptional control) ?????????? ??????(singlet) ????????(tubulin) ?????(microtubule) ??DNA????(DNA rearrangement) ????????(cytoskeleton) ??DNA???????DNA methylation?? ?????????(house-keeping gene) ????????(luxury gene) ???????????(genomic control) ???????????(differential gene expression) ????????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ??C4???(C4 pathway) ???????????????(non-cyclic photophosphorylation) ???????????(Calvin cycle) ???????(photorespiration) ??????????(glycolate pathway) ??????????RNA ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ????????(photosystem ?? complex, PS??complex) ???????????(photosystem ??complex, PS??complex) ??????????????????(noncyclic electron transfer pathway) ?????????(photophosphorylation) ????????b/f??????(cytochrome b6-f complex) ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????(photosystem) ??????????????(reaction-center complex) ????????(plastoquinone, PQ) ???????(chlorophylls) ?????????(light-harvesting pigment) ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????(light absorption) ???????(dark reaction) ?????(light reaction) ????????(thylakoid) ???????????????(dicarboxylate exchange carrier) ???????? ??????microtube?? ??????microfilament?? ????????? ????????(translocator) ???????? ???????(chromoplast) ???????(etioplast) ??????屻?(membrane envelope) ??????(plastid) ???????(totipotency) ??????(dedifferentiation) ???????(proplastid) ???????(transdetermination) ????????? ??????(regeneration) ?????????????(peroxisome) ???????????(morphogen) ???????(oxidase) ???????(chloroplast) ??????????? ??????????differential inhibition?? ??λ?????(positional information) ?????????(endosymbiont hypothesis) ????????????(cytoplasmic determinants) ????????(embryonic induction) ?????? ???????? ????????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??RNA??????????? ????????л ???????? ??DNA??? ?????????Thioglycosides?? ??? ???????л ????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????lipoprteinlipase??LPL?? ?????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????λ?? Acceptor splicing site ?????????? ??????л ?????????????????????lecithin-cholesterolacyltransferase?? ????л? ???????????????????cholesterolestertransferprotein??CETP?? ????????hepaticlipase?? ??HMGCoA??????HMGCoAreductase?? ????????л ???????????? single strand binding protein ??????????ceruloplasmin,CER?? ???????????? ?????????? ??????mRNA Abundant mRNA ??????? helicase ??????????transferrin??TRF??siderophilin?? ???????????????acutephasereactants,APR?? ????? ????? ??????????substitution?? ????2-???????2-microglobulin,BMG?? ??????????????????? ????????pyrogen?? ????????? ??C-????????C-reactiveprotein,CRP?? ?????????????hemopexin,Hpx?? ?????? ????-????????????1-acidglycoprotein Times New Roman?? ????????????-fetoprotein?? ????? ????2????????2-macroglobulin?? ???? ???????????? ??????? ???????terpenoid?? ???????? ????????albumin?? ????? ??????鵰???haptoglobin?? ????-????????(??1-antitrypsin) ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????-????????-helix?? ??ú????? ??ú????? ?????? ??fructose?? ????????? ??ATP??adenosine triphosphate?? ?????? ???????????iron-sulfur center?? ??????? ?????? ??????????B(cytochalasins B) ?????????(axonal transport) ??????????????(cytoplasmic dyneins) ??????????(actin) ????(microfilament) ?????????(totipotent stem cell,TSC) ?????????????(ciliary dynein) ??????????(embryonic stem cell??ES) ??????????(somatic stem cell) ???????(stem cells, SC) ????????(selector genes) ???????????????????????? ?????????(treadmilling) ??????????(kinesins) ???????????(segment-polarity genes) ??????????(microtubule-associated proteins, MAPs) ????????????? ???????nitrogen equilibrium??nitrogen balance?? ??ATP??? ???????????? ???????? ?????????????cholecystokinin??CCK??PZ?? ?????????л??cholesterol metabolism?? ????????壨lampbrush chromosome?? ??????cholicacid?? ????????? ??DNA???? ????????? ???????monosaccharide?? ??????????proteoglycan?? ??????????????? ??RNAi ????л?????metabolic regulation?? ????л??metabolite?? ????л?????metabolic pathway?? ?????????? ?????????? ??????±?????????? ????????γ??????? ???????polysaccharide?? ?????????prolactin??PRL?? ?????????壨polytenechromosome?? ????????????????? ??????????????????thyrotropin-releasing hormone??TRH?? ????????oxytocin?? ??????DNA?????? ??????? ?????????????????adrenocorticotropichor-mone??ACTH?? ???????? ??????? ??Taq DNA???? ??????????facilitated diffusion?? ???????????????????????corticotropin-re-leasing hormone??CRH?? ??????????secretin?? ??????????????????gonadotropin-releasing hormone??GnRH?? ?????? ????-??? ????-??? ?????? ???????? ??????????passive transport?? ?????????ectoenzyme??lyoenzyme?? ???????????semiconservative replication?? ?????????endoenzyme?? ????????У?repetitive sequence?? ?????????????? ??H-DNA ??????????? ?????????л??amino acid metabolism?? ???????????ammonification?? ???????????DNA ??R-DNA ???????? ????????????DNA ??????????????л??metabolism of carbonskeletons of amino acids?? ???л??????? ????????????????DNA ?????????????????DNA ????????? ???????? ???????????(resistance gene) ????? ?????????????ATP?? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????Ч?? ???? ????? ???????E ???????D ???????A ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????л ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????л ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????spingolipid?? ?????? ????? ???????????ketogenic amino acid?? ???????????biomacromolecules?? ???????alkaloid?? ?????? ???嵰???albumin?? ???????????glucogenic amino acid?? ???ж???????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????promoter?? ??????glubulin?? ??????????? triacylglyceride?? ????????chitin?? ?????????reversetranscriptase?? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????biological products?? ??DNA??????? ???????????? ???????????(rolling circle replication) ???????????urea cycle?? ??????????bioelements?? ?????????biotin?? ??????proenzyme??zymogen?? ??????? ??Alu???? ??????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????phosphocreatine?? ????????? ???????phospholipid??PL?? ?????enzyme?? ????????ion pump?? ??λ???????? ???????????? ????????м??? ??????? ?????嵹λ ??RNA?? ?????????base pairing?? ????? ???????л??phospholipid metabolism?? ??????wax?? ???????????????pentose phosphate pathway?? ?????? ??????DNA ???????base?? ???????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ????????????????????yeast alanine transfer RNA?? ??????????respiratory chain?? ??????????磨engineering vaccine?? ?????????????chemical osmotic hypothesis?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????interferon?? ?????????????????triglycerides biosynthesis?? ???????????????ribozyme?? ?????????respiratory quotient??RQ?? ????????respiration?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????????ribonucleic acid??RNA?? ??????????????RNA replicase?? ???????sterol?? ????????nucleotide?? ???????? ??????????? ??????????immobilized enzyme?? ?????? ????????? ???????nucleoside?? ??????????? ????????????? ????? ???????glycerol?? ?????????complex carbohydrate??glycoconjugate?? ??????????????energy rich phosphate compounds?? ??????nucleic acid?? ??????λ????λ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????replication?? ??????λ???? ??????pantothenicacid?? ????????ubiquinone?? ??????л??catabolism?? ???????coenzyme?? ?????????????? ????? ???????没?? ????????????7???human herpes virus typs 7,hhv-7?? ????????? ?????????? ??Rhizobiaceae?? ????????????? (human papillomavirus, HPV) ?????????????????varicella ??zoster virus,VZV?? ????????????? ????????? ?????????Aphyllophorales?? ?????????Polyporaceae?? ?????????n. gonorrhoeae?? ????????????meningococcus?? ????????????? ????????(Pseudomonas aeruginosa) ???????????pneumococcus?? ????????????6???human herpes virus type 6,hhv-6?? ?????????????staphylococcus?? ????????????Corynebacterium?? ??????????coryneform of bacteria?? ??????????pathogens causing??powderymildew?? ????????????pathogenic coccus?? ?????????E. coli?? ?????????????Bordetella?? ?????????Erysiphales?? ??????????????klebsiella?? ?????????? ????????????shigella?? ????????????Pasteurella?? ???в?????????layer plating method?? ????????????Escherichia?? ????ù?????????ampicillin enriching technique?? ??????????Schotobacteria?? ?????????????c.jejuni?? ????????(vibrio) ????????????camphlobacter?? ???????????v.cholera?? ?????θ????proteus species?? ???????????Bacillus thuringiensis?? ????????? ????????壨mycophage?? ???????????auxotroph?? ???????????replica plating?? ??????????(mycobacterium) ?????????mycobecterium tuberculosis?? ????? ????? ????????(corynebacterium diphtheriae) ???????????Staphylococcus?? ????????lysogeny?? ????????lysozyme?? ?????????壨defective phage?? ??????????hemolysin?? ????????eedotoxin?? ????????? ???????????? ????????Myxobacterium?? ????????Myxomycota?? ???????exotoxin?? ??????? ????????endotoxin?? ?????????sheathe bacteria?? ??ù????molds?? ???????????bordetella pertussis?? ???????????? ????θ?????rumen microbe?? ?????????thiobacillus?? ?????и??(hemophilus influenzae) ??????????p.aeruginosa?? ??????壨bacteriophage?? ?????????? ????????? ????????????desulphurication?? ?????????sulfur bacteria?? ??????????sulphur bacteria?? ??????????lactobacillus?? ???????????bifidobacterium?? ?????????? ?????????Streptococcus?? ?????θ??????fusobacterium?? ?????????Bacillus subtilis?? ????????viroid?? ??????????壨Rickettsia?? ??????????壨virulent phage?? ??Τ???????????veillonella?? ??????????(b.fragilis) ???????????????b.melaninogenicus?? ???????????porphyromonas?? ??????colony?? ???????????????peptostreptococcus?? ???????????Zygomycotina?? ?????????yeast?? ??????????????cl.perfringens) ???????????crystallized bovine insulin?? ??????conjugation?? ?????????cl.botulinum?? ????????????? ?????????????peptococcus?? ?????????fibroin?? ???????hydroxylamine?? ????????л?? ????????? ??????????aerobe?? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????fermentation?? ?????????????Azotobacteria?? ????????????Dneumococcus?? ???????flagllum?? ?????????carrier?? ?????????????rabies virus?? ???????spore?? ???????pilus?? ??????????????faeces pollution index bacteria?? ?????????????denitrification?? ????????Escherichia coli?? ?????????????????????Bergey??s Manual of Systemaic Bacteriology?? ???????capsule?? ?????????? ??l????? ???????bacillus?? ???????coccus?? ?????????? ???????????vivion?? ????ù????Phytophthora?? ??????ù????Plasmopora?? ????????????Mastigomycotina?? ????????virus?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????????Australia antigen?? ??????? ????????????Deuteromycotina?? ????ù????Fythium?? ???????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????????Diplococcuspneumoniae?? ??????? ??????40 ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??RNA???????? ??DNA???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????Ъ??? ??????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????Apparent infection?? ????? ?????????yeast?? ??ù????Molds?? ????????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??EB???? ???????? ???????????????rotavirus?? ????????? ???????????壨leptospira?? ?????????? ????????? ????β??????Sargassum?? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????β????Rhoiptelea chiliantha?? ????????Loganiaceae?? ???????? ??????????? ??????????Aristolochiaceae?? ??????????Solanum tuberosum?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????????Coriariaceae?? ???????? ??????????Portulacaceae?? ???????????Cutleriales?? ?????????Asclepiadaceae?? ????????Basellaceae?? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????Verbenaceae?? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????Gymnodinium?? ??????????Psilophytina?? ???????Psilophyton?? ??????????Euglena?? ??????????? ?????????Euglenophyta?? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ????????Platycerium wallichii?? ??????????Chara?? ?????????Charophyta?? ????????????Spirulina?? ???????????Podocarpus?? ????ù?? ???????? ????ù?? ???????? ?????????Chlorophyta?? ??????????Pandanaceae?? ??????ù???? ????????????Cocconeis?? ??????????Pelvetia?? ??????Phragmites australis?? ????????Pyrolaceae?? ????ù?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????Calamites?? ?????????Onagraceae?? ??????????Dipterocarpaceae?? ??????? ???????????Agrimonia?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????Abies?? ???????????Nyssaceae?? ?????? ?????????Limacidae??slug?? ???????????Pleurocapsales?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????Cyanophyta?? ????????????Eudorina?? ?????????? ????÷???Calycanthaceae?? ??????????Gesneriaceae?? ?????????Caulerpa?? ????? ????????????Jaoa?? ????????Eupteleaceae?? ??????Trapaceae?? ????????Tricholomataceae?? ??????????Dryopteris?? ??ī??????? ???????? ????????? ????????????Nitzschia?? ?????彺 ??????? ????????????clostridium tetani?? ???????????飨tuberculin skin test?? ??????????????facultativeanaerobe?? ????????bactericin?? ???ù????Mucor?? ???????????? ???????????(anaerobic bacteria) ????ù????Rhizopus?? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????Cucumis melo?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????(crested wheatgrass) ????? ??????????С?? ??????С??(Polish wheat) ??????(almond) ?????????? ????????? ???????Rosaceae?? ?????????Malvaceae?? ?????????Cruciferae?? ??????????(dwarfing culture) ?????????(townsville stylo) ?????????? ????????(birdsfoot trefoil) ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????(white clover) ????? ?????????(angiosperm) ?????????(Egyptian clover) ?????????????(germplasm resources of almond) ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ???????(eri-silkworm) ???μ?? ?????????(Egyptian clover) ??????????(breeding for dwarfness) ???й??????(Chinese famous sun-cured to tobacco) ???м???(inter stock) ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????(dwarfing rootstock) ?????? ????????(para grass) ????????? ????鵿?(Arecaceae) ?????????(rescuegrass) ??????(ternate pinellia) ????? ???????? ??????(ruthenian medic) ????? ???????Oleaceae?? ???????Bombacaceae?? ???????Lardizabalaceae?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????Manihot esculentus?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????Auriculariales?? ????????? ????????Casuarinaceae?? ???????Ranunculaceae?? ????????Magnoliaceae?? ???x????Mangifera indica?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????????Larix?? ????????Gossypium?? ????????Actinidiaceae?? ??????????Gnetaceae??joint fir?? ??????????Cannaceae?? ????? ????? ??é?????Droseraceae?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????Dicrano pteris pedata?? ???????Meteorium miquelianum?? ??????????Stigeoclonium?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????(verled lady) ??????? ??? ?????(gunpowder tea) ?????????(pistachis) ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????????(Anhua Yuntaishan) ???????(benzoin) ????轣?Lycium chinense?? ??????????(aijiao oolong) ??????????(Anhua songzhen) ????????(macadamia nut) ??????Nicotiana tabacum?? ?????????Datura stramonium?? ????????Solanum nigrum?? ???????(medicinal indianmulberry) ????????Taraxacum mongolicum?? ?????????(star anise) ?????Lactuca sativa var??angustana?? ?????????(Brazil nut) ???????(Musaceae) ??????????Bashan yinya?? ???????Saussurea involucrata?? ??????Lactuca sativa?? ????????Atractylodes lancea?? ????????(rubber) ??????????Dahlia pinnata?? ??????Helianthus tuberosus?? ?????????burley?? ?????????(silver tip pekoe) ???????????(white-flowered datura) ??????????nightblooming cereus?? ?????(Hibiscus syriacus) ????? ???????Dalbergia hupeana?? ?????Dendranthema morifolium?? ??????(largehead atractylodes) ??????? ?????????? ???????dahurian angelica?? ??????Carthamus tinctorius?? ??????(Liliaceae) ??????Glycyrrhiza uralensis?? ???????Pterocarpus indicus?? ?????Gossypium hirsutum?? ??????Prunus pseudocerasus?? ?????Σ?Astragalus membranaceus?? ??????? ??????(chestnut) ?????(lily) ????????? ?????飨Hibiscus cannabinus?? ???????裨healthy tea ?? ????? ???????Eriobotrya japonica?? ???? ????????Malva sinensis?? ?????飨Abutilon theophrasti?? ??????(arecanut) ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????Brassicachinensis?? ??????Brassicacampestris?? ?????Prunus armeniaca?? ????Prunus salicina?? ?????(laver) ??????(shrubby falseindigo) ??????(seedy mustard) ??÷??Prunus mume?? ????(common anemarrhena) ????????(gynura) ???????Brassicarapa?? ????????Brassica oleracea var.botrytis?? ??????Brassica juncea?? ???????Leguminosae?? ?????????(Brussels sprouts) ??????Capsella bursapastoris?? ??????????(rape seed) ??????(bamboo shoot) ???????(milk vetch) ??????Solanaceae?? ??????Pak-choi; Chinese cabbage?? ??????Compositae?? ????????Cucuarbitaceae?? ????? ???? ???????Rutaccac?? ????? ????(lablab;hyacinth bean) ?????? ????? ??Davidia involucrata?? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??Eriophyes sheldoni?? ?????????? ??Eriophyes oleivora?? ????????? ????? ???鱻 ?????? ???????? ??Citrus??oranges?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????????gigantopterides?? ?????????Menispermaceae?? ????β??? ??Fissidens?? ????? ??????Rafflesia arnoldii?? ????????Bromeliaceae?? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????Aizoaceae?? ????????I pomoea batatas?? ????????? ?????? ??Sigillaria?? ????????Carica papaya?? ???????Nostoc flagelliforme?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????????Annonaceae?? ????????Eucommiaceae?? ????????Spartina anglica?? ????????????Valonia?? ?????? ?????? ??????鱣?Liriodendron chinense?? ?????? ?????λ??? ?????? ?????????Sargentodoxaceae?? ????黨???Ericaceae?? ??????????Rhodobryum?? ?????? ???????Lycopersicon esculentum?? ??????Hordeum vulgare?? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???????????Diatoma?? ????? ????????Aquifoliaceae?? ????????Elaeocarpaceae?? ??????????Frullania?? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????????Polysiphonia?? ?????? ?????? ??????????Endarachne?? ???????????Lychnothamnus?? ???????Leguminosae?? ?????????Juncaceae?? ??????????Teliomycetes?? ??????? ????? ??????????Cordyceps sinensis?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????Oryza sativa?? ???????M archantia Polymorpha?? ????飨Rhododendron simsii?? ????? ????? ????? ?????????Podostemales?? ?????? ???????? ???????Ligusticum chuanxiong?? ????? ????????Pucciniaceae?? ????????Pyrethrum cinerariifolium?? ??????????Oxalidaceae?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????(sugar cane) ????? ??????? ??????(ramie) ????????(java amomum) ????? ???????????Synura?? ????? ????? ????? ???ǹ? ????????? ??Glaucocystis?? ????????? ??Tribonema?? ????????Buxaceae?? ????????Juglandaceae?? ????????Pedaliaceae?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????etiolation?? ???????Salvinia natans?? ???????? ??Piperaceae?? ????? ??????????Bangiales?? ?????? ??Funaria hygrometrica?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????Taxaceae?? ???? ??????Pholas dactylus?? ?????????RhodoPhyta?? ????????Gramineae??Poaceae?? ????????Sorghum vulgare?? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????Tsoongiodendron odorum?? ??????? ??????????? ??photosynthetic electron transport?? ???????Ricciocarpus natans?? ???????Cyrtomium fortunei?? ?????????????Marattiales?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??Photosynthetic pigments?? ????????? ??photosynthetic carbon cycle?? ????????? ??Phlaeothripidae?? ????????? ??Digenea?? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??Laminaria?? ?????? ?????Ч?? ??photosynthetic efficiency?? ???????? ??Bacillariophyta?? ????? ??Schistostega pennata?? ?????????? ??Brachytrichia?? ?????? ??Camptosorus sibiricus?? ??ɡ?????? ??ɡ?λ??? ?????軨?? ???????? ???????? ????? ??Glycyrrhiza uralensis?? ??????????? ??rhizosphere microorganisms?? ???? ??cucurbites?? ????????? ??Pluteaceae?? ??С?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??Saccharum officinarum?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??Cladophora?? ??????? ??Cyamopsis tetragonoloba?? ?????????????? ??paleozoic flora?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??Cosmarium?? ???????? ??Eriocaulaceae?? ?????? ??Erythroxylaceae?? ??????? ??Woodwardia japanica?? ??????? ???????? ??Palaeobatany?? ??????? ????? ??ZosteroPhyllum?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??Agrilus auriventris?? ?????????? ??Rhizosolenia?? ???????? ??Melanaphis sacchari?? ???????????Cercidiphyllaceae?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????Entodon?? ??????Compositae?? ???????Dendranthema morifolium?? ??????Polygonaceae?? ??????????Macrocystis?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????Scir pus yagara?? ??????????л??crassulacean acid metabolism?? ????????Crassulaceae?? ????? ?????? ???????????Phaeothamnion?? ????????Violaceae?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??Chrysophyta?? ??????????Ceratophyllaceae?? ???????Lepidodendron?? ??????Chenopodiaceae?? ?????????Acanthaceae?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????Pyrus?? ????????orchids?? ????????? ???????Orchidaceae?? ???????????Trochodendraceae?? ???????????Hyella?? ???????? ??????λ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????????Trentepohlia?? ????????Simaroubaceae?? ???????????Chloranthaceae?? ??????? ??Parathelypteris glanduligera?? ????????Stachyuraceae?? ????????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????Andreaea?? ??????Secale cereale?? ????????Campanulaceae?? ???????Russulaceae?? ?????????mangrove?? ??????? ????? ????? ??????Carthamus tinctorius?? ????? ?????? ???????Polytrichum commune?? ??????÷???Hamamelidaceae?? ??????????Elaeagnaceae?? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????Cucurbitaceae?? ?????? ?????? ??????????Ceratium?? ???????Zizania latifolia?? ???????????Chaetophora?? ????????????Rivularia?? ?????? ????????Betulaceae?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???й?? ?????????Xanthophyta?? ?????????Hypnum?? ????????Zygophyllaceae?? ????????????Sinosiphonia?? ??????????Saxifragaceae?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????????Sphaeroplea?? ???????Zingiberaceae?? ???Panicum miliaceum var??effusum?? ?????Σ?milkvetch?? ??????Brassica juncea var.tumida?? ????é????? ?????????conducting tissue?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????????transpiration rate?? ??????leaf sheath?? ??????????Chlamydomonas?? ??????????????permanent wilting percentage?? ????????Tulipa gesneriana?? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????壨prothallus?? ???????????plant embryology?? ???棨Zizyphus jujuba?? ????Ｄ???plant hormone??phytohormone?? ???????????plant taxonomy?? ???????????? ????????????? ????β??????? ????é????? ??????Ч???transpiration efficiency?? ?????plants?? ???????????? ?????????plant virus?? ???????Rosa chinensis?? ??????????? ?????????? ???????Rutaceae?? ??????????????? ??????????? ???????????botanical geography?? ???????????? ?????????zeatin?? ?????????Algae?? ???????????transpriation?? ???????vegetation?? ?????????????? ????ü??????? ??????é????? ????β??????? ???????Lauraceae?? ???????????transpiration coefficient?? ????????????? ???????vein?? ?????壨thallus?? ????Colocasia esculenta?? ???????????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????壨chloroplast?? ???-4?????C4-pathway?? ????????chlorophyll?? ???3???C3 plant?? ?????????????carbon assimilation?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????Ц ?????? ????????У?antheridiophore?? ???????auricle?? ??????????Bryophyta?? ?????? ????? ??????Beta vulgaris?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????Volvox?? ???????absorption?? ?????????Pelargonium hortorum?? ????-???????figure and ground?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??Gladiolus gandavensis?? ??????? ??????? ?????bud?? ???????Buchloe dactyloides?? ?????????Salicaceae?? ?????leaf?? ??????? ?????飨Hibiscus cannabinus?? ????????? ??С??? ??????? ???????? ???????Litchi chinensis?? ????????Ganodermataceae?? ???????????Lepocinclis?? ??鬿??Meliaceae?? ??????Σ?Panax quinguefolium?? ??С?????law of small pore?? ??????γ??vascular cambium?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????飨perispern?? ?????? ???????? ?????????vascular bundle?? ??????abscission?? ????????abscisic acid?? ABA?? ??????? ??????? ???????guttation?? ??????????antenna pigment?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????????allelopathy?? ???????placenta?? ????鵣?Trachycarpus fortunei?? ????? ???????? ????????????Ascomycotina?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????free water?? ????????flora?? ???????壨apoplast?? ?????????seed fern?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????????plastoquinone??PQ?? ?????????ascocarp?? ?????????seed plants?? ???????????deplasmolysis?? ????????plasmolysis?? ???????? ?????? ????е??? ???????????seed dormancy?? ?????????Medicago sativa?? ????? ?????? ???????Pterocarpus indicus?? ??????壨fructification?? ???????????plastocyanin??PC?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????seed?? ???????periderm?? ???????????seed vigor?? ????????? ?????? ???????seed coat??testa?? ???????indicator plant?? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????plant morphology?? ?????ligulate?? ????????? ???????Ginkgo biloba?? ????????botany?? ???????Cathaya argyrophylla?? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????folic acid?? ??????????????plant growth substances?? ????????foliage leaf?? ??????? ????????leaf mosaic?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???嵨???phycobilin?? ???????Papaveraceae?? ????? ??????????flora?? ????λ????phaenerophyte?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????????plant physiology?? ???л????flowering plants?? ???????????callus?? ???????????plant anatomy?? ????????? ???????????leaf area index?? ????ο??Stichopodidae?? ??????? ???????? ?????ο??Labiatae?? ????????Najadaceae?? ??????? Cineraria cruenta ?????? ??????? ???????pollination?? ????????????Batrachospermum?? ??????????Oscillatoria?? ??????????Melilotus?? ?????????Tamaricaceae?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????Plantaginaceae?? ????????????Glenodinium?? ???????? ????? ?????????Fragaria?? ???????????Astasia?? ???????????parenchyma?? ?????? ????? ???γ?? ??????? ?????? ???????Spinacia oleracea?? ???????????Mastigocladus?? ???????Neottopteris nidus?? ????????????Phacus?? ?????????????Bennettitales?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????飨Ricinus communis?? ???? ????????????Hemisphaeriales?? ???????????Primulaceae?? ????????????Hemiascomycetes?? ????????????Primula?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???龥 ????????Valerianaceae?? ?????Echinochloa crusgalli?? ????????????Deuteromycotina?? ?????????Welwitschia mirabilis?? ??????Cupressaceae?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????Stemonaceae?? ??????Lilium brownii var??viridulum?? ???????Liliaceae?? ??????? ??????? ???????Bletilla striata?? ??????????Plumbaginaceae?? ??????? ?????? ?????????Capparaceae?? ???? ??????????Leucobryum?? ?????? ??????Illicium verum?? ????????Musaceae?? ????????Alangiaceae?? ????? ?????? ????????????apomixis?? ?????? ????? ?????????Styracaceae?? ??? ???????? ????????heart sound?? ???????carpel?? ????????Eucalyptus?? ????? ???? ????? ??в??????stress resistance?? ??С?????????cerebellar tremor?? ?????? ??С???cerebellum?? ??С??Triticum aestivum?? ??в???stress?? ???????? ??????????vascular tissue?? ????????vascular plants?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????棨Arabidopsis thaliana?? ????????????tropical monsoon forest?? ?????????auxins?? ??????? ?????? ????????naphthalene acetic acid??NAA?? ????? ??????????critical day length?? ????? ?????????Siraitia grosvenorii??Momordicagrosvenorii?? ????Trapa spp.?? ???????Malus pumila?? ????????? ????壨Rosa rugosa?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??÷??Prunus mume?? ???????Actinidia chinensis?? ?????Gossypium?? ???????Coffea arabica?? ??????? ??????? ????÷ ????? ???????? ???棨Pyrus?? ??????Nelumbo nucifera?? ??????? ??????? ??????????chilling injury?? ???????????cyanide-resistant respiration?? ??????Ч???quantum efficiency?? ????? ??????? ?????????flowering period?? ?????????salt resistance?? ??????? ????簵???critical dark period?? ?????Amorphophallus rivieri?? ??????? ?????÷ ????????anthesis?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????Theobroma cacao?? ????????xylem?? ??????? ?????????Pistacia vera?? ????????lignin?? ???????Medicago sativa?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????Oleaceae?? ????? ?????????drought resistance?? ?????? ???x????Mangifera indica?? ???????????deciduous broad-leaved forest?? ???仨????Arachis hypogaea?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????γ??cork cambium?? ?????????Cyanophyta?? ???????Paeonia suffruticosa?? ?????????? ?????? ????????Magnoliaceae?? ?????????Cola acuminata?? ???????? ?????? ?????????herbarium sheet?? ????β?? ???????Ranunculaceae?? ?????????Charophyta?? ?????????Gymnospermae?? ???????Litchi chinensis?? ????? ???????? ??С???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????Platycodon grandiflorus?? ??????????Clivia spp.?? ??????? ?????????Nerium indicum?? ?????????Chlorophyta?? ????????mycorrhiza?? ??????? Cyclamen persicum ????????Tridacnidae??giant clam?? ?????? Codiaeum variegatum var.pictum ?????? Hippeastrum vittatum ?????? Euphorbia pulcherrima ????????Pottiaceae?? ????????osmotic potential?? ???????Nephrolepis auriculata?? ??????????osmoregulation??osmotic adjustment?? ???????é ?????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????gonidium?? ???????????Σ?physiologically alkaline salt?? ??????????? ???????Cyperaceae?? ????顣?Alsophila spinulosa?? ???????????Σ?physiologically acid salt?? ?????? ????????? ??????????Usnea?? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????Aesculus chinensis?? ???????annual ring?? ???????Vitis vinifera?? ???????Rosaceae?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????xerophyte?? ????β??????? ??????Pinaceae?? ???????emerging plant?? ????????hygrophyte?? ?????????mesophyte?? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????submerged plant?? ????????floating plant?? ?????????Lycopodium?? ?????????conchospore?? ??????Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????Oryza sativa?? ??????Solanaceae?? ??????????pheophytin?? ???????bark?? ??????????tropical rain forest?? ???????? ???????? ??С????? ?????????????tropical savannas?? ??????? ?????????Cladonia?? ???????β?? ???????Asparagus officinalis?? ????????chlorosis?? ??????Taxodiaceae?? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????Cruciferae?? ???????fleshy fruit?? ??????Nereis?? ????????Fagaceae?? ???????Theaceae?? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????insectivorous plant?? ?????????????growth inhibition?? ?????? ???????????Dicotyledoneae??Magnoliopsida?? ???????Paeonia lactiflora?? ??????forest?? ?????? ????Ц ???????? ???????? ???????? ????Σ?Panax ginseng?? ??????????artificial seeds?? ?????????????growth retardant?? ??????Moraceae?? ???????????somatostatin??SS?? ???????? ????? ?????? ????β?? ??????? ??ɡ?ο??Umbelliferae?? ?????????????growth regulator?? ?????????飨avena test?? ??????????seedless fruit?? ????????Anacardium occidentale?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????temperate grassland?? ????????cell wall?? ???????????imbibition?? ????????perigonial bract?? ????????exarch?? ?????? ?????????? ?????????(Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen) ????? ???????????(Basidiomycotina) ????????cellulose?? ????????Cuscuta chinensis?? ??????Ambrosiaspp?? ?????Prunus persica?? ??????? ????? ?????????suction force?? ???????? ????? ????????? ???4???C4plant?? ????????Cycas revoluta?? ????裨wilting?? ???????calyptra?? ??????Haloxylon ammodendron?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ????β?? ????????seta?? ????????ediblefungi?? ????? ??????water potential?? ??????????double fertilization?? ?????????conducting tissue?? ??????? ?????????bound water?? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????????tetraspore?? ?????????? ?????? ????????Humulus lupulus?? ????????stone cells?? ??????? ??????棨Calligonum mongolicum?? ????????????? ???????????growth movement?? ??????????? ??????????bioassay?? ?????????????grand period of growth?? ??????????colchicine?? ?????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????phloem?? ??????????balanced solution?? ???????????? ???????turgor pressure?? ???????????? ????????? ????????totipotency?? ???????stoma?? ??????????? ????????????? ???????壨gametophyte?? ??????壨embryoid?? ??????? ?????embryo?? ?????飨ovule?? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????gametangium?? ??????β ??????????? ???????????? ???????cystocarp?? ???????sorus?? ???????-????????cohesion-tension theory?? ???????????? ????????????? ????????endarch?? ????????kin selection?? ????β?? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????Spirogyra?? ??????lenticel?? ??????root tip?? ??????????? ???????soredium?? ????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????????tiller?? ?????????anemophilousflower?? ????????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????meristem?? ????????(Dryopteridaceae) ?????????? ???????????auxospore?? ??????????????? ?????? ?????????secretorystructure?? ???????? ?????????(Lygodiaceae ) ????????(Polypodiaceae) ?????ζ?????toxic action of single ion?? ????????????Monocotyledoneae??Liliopsida?? ???Τ ?????????(Dicksoniaceae) ????β???(Pteridaceae) ???????????apical dominance?? ?????????stromatolith??stromatolite?? ???й????(Sinopteridaceae) ????????????Lichenes?? ???????starch?? ???????Marchantia polymorpha?? ???????(Drynariaceae) ???????(Osmundaceae) ???????basidium?? ?????????basidiospora?? ?????С???(Opllioglossaceae) ?????????(Filicophytina) ?????????(Isoephytina) ??????÷??Zebrina pendula?? ????????? ??????? ???????gallbladder?? ????????????Basidiomycotina?? ???????(Selaginellaceae) ?????? (Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring) ????????lowerplants?? ?????(Lycopodium japonicum Thunb??) ?????飨Cannabissativa?? ????? ?????????basidiocarp?? ???????(Equisetaceae) ????????pyrenoid?? ??????????parthenocarpy?? ?????(Equisetum arvense L??) ??????(Lycopodiaceae) ???????????vernalization?? ???????????????carbondioxidecompensationpoint?? ??????????(Psilophytina) ????????????secondary growth?? ????? ?????ο??Labiatae?? ????????У?archegoniophore?? ??????(Funnaria hygromentrica Hedw??) ??????(Polytrichum commune L??ex Hedw.) ???????Sagittaria sagittifolia?? ???????????secondary ??plant?? substances?? ????????? ???????? ????????perichaetial bract?? ??????pistil?? ???????pollination?? ?????? ????? ???????????transfer cell?? ???????? ????? ????ù?? ???????????maturetissue?? ????ù???gibberellins??GA?? ????ù?? ?????????herbicide?? ????????????primary growth?? ???????? ????????? ???????Lycopodinae?? ????????Filicinae?? ???????Ananas comosus?? ????????modificationofleaf?? ???????gemma?? ?????????????apparent photosynthetic rate?? ?????????modificationofroot?? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????Saussurea involucrata?? ????? ?????? ??????stamen?? ?????????? Clematis spp. ??????????????photosynthetic reaction centre?? ??????????photosynthesis?? ??????????? Bullbophyllum ambrosium ??????? Calanthc discolor ???????? Dendrobium densiflorum ????? Diranthus chinensis ????????? ?????У?receptacle?? ????? Bletilla striata ????????higher plants?? ??????inflorescence?? ?????? Tamarix chinensis ??????? Phaius tankervilliae ????????? ?????? Eriobotrya japonica ???? ?? Althaea rosea ???????corolla?? ????? Rose banksiae ????????Ipomoea batatas?? ???????pollen?? ????????????????????pollen-pistil interaction?? ???????????? ?????÷ Prunus triloba ????? Prunus serrulata ???? pyracantha fortuneana ?????????????photoperiodic induction?? ??????? Prunus cerasifera f.at-ropurpurea ?????Prunus persica ?????????Bacillariophyta?? ????????????photoperiodism?? ????????? Malus halliana ???? Prunus armenica ?????????pollensac?? ??????calyx?? ??????? Malus spectabilis ????? Chaenomeles sinensis ???????? Cotoneaster horizontalis ???黯???naturalized plant?? ?????????carpospore?? ??????? Dracaena draco ????????perianth?? ????????pedicel?? ????????Gramineae?? ?????????? Chaenomeles lagenaria ??????? Mahonia fortunei ???????? Nyssa sinensis ???????? Nandina domestica ????????anthocyanidin?? ?????????Crinoidea?? ????Ц Michelia figo ??????? Liriodendron chinese ????????pollen tube?? ?????????????pollen viability?? ???????????pollen abortion?? ???? Kolkwitzia amabilis ????? Hibiscus syriacus ???????? Weigela florida ???????pericarp?? ??????flower?? ??????petal?? ?????????????pollen grain germination?? ????????pectin?? ??????? Schefflera octophylla ???????? Fatisia japanica ?????÷ Prunus triloba ????? Davidia involucrata ?????? Philadelphus pekinensis ???????root pressure?? ????????carpogonium?? ??????????nitrogen fixation?? ???????fruit?? ????????light compensation point?? ?????? Forsythia suspensa ?????? Cotinus coggygria ?????? Campsis grandiflora ???????? Chinnanthus retusus ??????????phytochrome?? ??????? Cornus alba ??????????????photophosphorylation?? ??????????light saturation?? ???????root hair?? ????????root nodule?? ???????? Aucuba japonica ??????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ????????壨nitrogen-fixingblue-greenalgae?? ???????root system?? ?????????photosynthetic chain?? ???????????rhizosphere microbe?? ??????????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????????foliage spray?? ?????У?rhizophore?? ???????? ?????????Chrysophyta?? ??????Compositae?? ???????Selaginella tamariscina?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????intercalary growth?? ??????stem?? ???????????Pteridophyta?? ?????????????Primary structure of stem?? ??????? ?????? ?????????????secondary structure of stem?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????????archegonium?? ???????????archegoniatae?? ????????? ?????????л?????crassulacean acid metabolism pathway??CAM????? ????????? ?????????aplanospore?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????stem tip?? ?????????Gynostemma pentaphyllum?? ??????????antheridium?? ???????? ?????????Malvaceae?? ??С???? ??????β ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????foot?? ?????????Pyrrophyta?? ???????rhizoid?? ???????? ?????????aril?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????е?????mechanical tissue?? ???????? ???????????壨pseudoparenchyma?? ????? ??????girdling??ringing?? ????sink?? ???????? Rosa hybrida cvs ????????? Dryas octopetala var.asiatica ?????????? Hydrangea bretschneideri ?????? Lilium dauricum ??????O??Salvinia natans?? ??????Sophora japonica?? ??????ash?? ??????? Saussurea involucrata ?????????mangrove?? ?????????Rhodophyta?? ????? Delphinium grandiflorum ???????? Trollius chinenses ????????? Campanula punctata ?????????phaeophyta?? ??????????aleurone grain?? ??????after-ripening?? ??????? Echinops latifolius ?????? Anemome tomentosa ????????Cucurbitaceae?? ????????Funaria hygrometrica?? ???????? Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis ??????? Impatiens balsamina ??????? Reineckea carnea ???????Juglans regia?? ???????? Primula ????? Callistephus chinensis ?????????kinetin??KT?? ????????Laminaria japonica?? ?????????climacteric?? ???????????respiration?? ??????? Phaius tankervilliae ???????? Rohdea japonica ?????? Aspidistra elatior ???????? Dicentra spectabilis ?????????Xanthophyta?? ?????? Gloriosa superba ???????Dalbergia hupeana?? ??????? Enkianthus quinqueflorus ?????Σ?Astragalus membranceus?? ?????????photorespiration?? ???????dryfruit?? ????? Paenoia albiflora ??????root?? ???????Cotinus coggygria var.pubescens?? ?????????etiolation?? ????? Lycoris radiata ???????? Crinum asiaticum(var.s-iinicum) ????ɡ??Amanitaphalloides?? ?????? ????? ???????Usnea?? ?????Cladonia?? ?????? ???? ????ù??Penicillium?? ?????????Saccharomyces?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????ù??Aspergillus?? ???????Auricularia auricula?? ????????Tremella fuciformis?? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????????Agaricusbisporus?? ????? ????????? ?????????Vibrio comma?? ????????Mycobacterium tuberculosis?? ??????????Corynebacterium?? ??????? ??? ????? ??ù?? ?????????Bacillus subtilis?? ?????? ????????? ????????Escherichiacoli?? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??С?? ?????Spirogyra?? ????????Laminaria japonica?? ????????Unda ria pinnatifida?? ???????Pelvetia siliquosa?? ??С?? ?????? ????? ?????????Nostoc commune?? ???? ?????壨Chlamydomonas?? ?????? ???????Nostoc flagelliforme?? ??????Porphyra?? ????????Gelidium amansii?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????壨Chroococcus?? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????к?? ?????? ??????ɡ??Panaeolusretirugis?? ?????? ??????? ??С???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????ù??Aspergillus flavus?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ????ζ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum?? ???????Dendranthema morifolium?? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????ù?? ????Ｄ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????÷ ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????Lilium buoum???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??????Lentinusedo-des?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????Tricholomagambosum?? ?????? ??????? ???????Ganoderma lucidum?? ?????? ????? ???β?? ???????Hericiumerinaceus?? ??????????л ???????spore?? ????Ρ???????? ???? ?????? ??????????????Campendium of Materia Medica?? ?????飨Ricinuscommunis?? ???????Eleocharis tuberosa?? ????????????boreal coniferous forest?? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ????? ?????????Angiospermae?? ????????Castanea mollissima?? ?????????strobile?? ???????? ???????????parenchyma?? ???????壨sporophyte?? ???????? ????????????????? ?????·???λ ?????????spore plants?? ?????????sporophyll?? ??????? ????????????(Ascomycotina) ????????????????????? ???????Liliaceae?? ????????capsula?? ???????(Magnoliaceae) ????????????? ????? ?????????Angiospermae?? ??????? ????????? ??????????????????? ???????????(Chemotaxonomy) ???????????protective tissue?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????Lilium brownii var.viridulum?? ??????????壨parenchyma?? ??????Brassicapekinensis?? ?????????sporocarp?? ????????Sporozoa?? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????chlorocholine chloride??chlormequat??CCC?? ????é ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????л ?????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????飨Cannabis sativa?? ????????? ??Ш?????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ???????Syringa oblata?? ???? ???? ?????Ulmus pumila?? ?????????? ???????????????е????ü??侭?????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????Nerium indicum?? ???????Cotinus coggygria?? ?????? ?????????Opuntia dillenii?? ???????????????? ?????Pranus persica?? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????Solanum raberosum?? ??????? ?????Morus alba?? ??????Sophora japonica?? ???????Rosa chinensis?? ???? ???????Raphanus sativus?? ????????? ????????????????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????Cuscuta chinensis?? ????????Ficus microcarpa?? ??????(Ipomoea batatas) ?????????Daucus carota var??sativus?? ???????Spinacia oleracea?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????Gleditsia sinensis?? ???????Ribinia pseudoacacia?? ????????Arachis hypogaea?? ???????? ???????Phaseolus vulgaris?? ???????? ?????????Astragahus sinica?? ??????????? ?????巢?????????? ????????????? ????????? ???????Citrus medica var??sarcodactylis?? ??????Brassica pekinensis?? ????????Zanthoxylum bungeanum?? ???????Lycopersicon eseulentum?? ???????Malus spectabilis?? ???????????????? ?????? ????? ???????????????? ???????Citrus medica?? ??????????? ???????Citrus limonia?? ???????Citrullus lanatus?? ??????Diospyros kaki?? ??????Nelumbo nucifera?? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ???????λ?ú????? ?????Citrus sinensis?? ?????? ?????Citrus grandis?? ??????Trichosanthes kirilowii?? ?????????Siraitia grosvenorii?? ??????Ponicirus frifoliata?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????(Lagenaria siceraria) ????????Capsicum annuum?? ???????Benincasa hispida?? ?????Solanum melongena?? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ??C4??? ?? C3??? ??????? ???????Spinacia oleracea?? ?????????modification of stem?? ???????? ??????Cupressaceae?? ?????±???? ?????????? ??????????????Plant Tissue Culture?? ??????(Lichens) ????????Gramineae?? ???????Polygonatum sibiricum?? ????????е????????? ????????е???????? ???????Liliaceae?? ???????Typhalatifolia?? ???????Lemna minor?? ???????????????????? ????é ??????Leymus chinensis?? ????????е??? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????????????μ????? ??????Cucurbita moschata?? ???????Oenothera biennis?? ????? ??С????Kobresia humilis?? ?????飨Ricinus communis?? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ???????Paeoniasuffruticosa?? ????飨Rhododendrm simsii?? ???????????? ??????? ??????Castanea mollissima?? ?????????????????? ????????????????? ???????? ???????Nymphaea tetragona?? ????β?? ???棨Zizyphus jujuba?? ?????(Davidia involucrata?? ??????棨Calligonum mongolicum?? ????? ??????鱣?Liriodendron chinense?? ????鲣?Tilia amurensis?? ??????? ??ɡ??? ?????????Ceratoides latens?? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????Tulipa gesneriana?? ????????Cinnamomum camphora?? ??????Haloxylon ammodendrom?? ?????????youruoli?? ???????? ?????? ????黨? ???????? ???? ???????壨Ceratophyllum demersum?? ????????Castanopsis fargesii?? ???????Quercusa cutissima?? ??????Quercus glauca?? ??????Citrusreticulata?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??黣?Coryllusheterophylla?? ????Betulaplatyphylla?? ???????Juglans regia?? ??????Cucumisativus?? ???????Maluspumila?? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????Vicia faba?? ??????Pisum sativum?? ?????Glycine max?? ???裨Camellia sinensis?? ???????Phaseolusradiatus?? ????к? ?????????Helianthus annuus?? ?????? ????????? ???x????Mangifera indica?? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????Fragaria ananassa?? ????????Pharbitis nil?? ???????Vitis vinifera?? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????Pelargonium hortorum?? ?????? ?????Punica granatum?? ???髣?Crataegus pinnatifida?? ??С?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????Azolla imbricata?? ???????壨yuanshiluzao?? ?????Pteridium aquilinum?? ?????? ?????? ???????Lepidodendron?? ????????? ????(stem) ????? ????????Sigillaria?? ????????Funaria hygrometrica?? ???????Marchantia polymorpha?? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???????Selaginella tamariscina?? ???????Equisetum arvense?? ??????? ?????? ??????Cunninghamia lanceolata?? ??????Platycladus orientalis?? ????? ??????root?? ???????Pinus koraiensis?? ???????Ginkg obiloba?? ???????????Larix gmelinii?? ???????? ????? ????????Pinus bungeana?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????Pinus tabulaeformis?? ?????Pinus?? ??????? ?????? ??????Metasequoiaglyptostroboides?? ????????Taiwaniacryptomerioides?? ????β???Pinus massoniana?? ?????? ??????Vallisneria asiatica?? ???????Cathaya argyrophylla?? ????? ????? ???????Sagittaria trifolia var.edulis?? ???????Pinus densiflora?? ????? ????? ????? ???????Eleocharis tuberosa?? ???? ????????Pseudolarix kaempferi?? ?????? ????? ??????Zingiber offieinale?? ???????Colocasia esculentum?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????Sorghum vulgare?? ????? ??????Phragmites australis?? ????β???Setaria viridis?? ??????Oryza sativa?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????Echinochloacrusgalli?? ??????? ????? ????У?Allium cepa?? ?????Setaria italica?? ????Panicum miliaceum?? ???У?Allium fistulosum?? ??????Sarrcharym officinarum?? ??????? ??????? ????β?? ????? ???? ???????Quercus rariabilis?? ??С??Triticum aestivum?? ???????Zea mays?? ????? ????????Hosta plantaginea?? ????Allium sativum?? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????Fritillaria thunberg???? ????????Hemerocallisminor?? ????????????danziyezhiwugang?? ????? ????????Pterosauria?? ????????Ichthyosaurus?? ???????????????Himalayasaurus?? ?????????Plesiosauroidea?? ??????? ???????Rapanathomasiana?? ????θ ??β??? ?????? ??????Chelonia mydas?? ????Trionyxsinen-sis?? ?????????????Dsungaripterus?? ????????Oligochaeta?? ???????Dermochelys coriacea?? ????裣?Eretmochelysimbricata?? ???????Plexippus?? ????????Blattariae?? ????С?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????Flagellata?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??β??? ???? ????? ????? ?????(Mantodea) ???????(Paramecium) ?????(Trypanosoma) ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????(Lampyridea; fireflies) ????? ???? ????β黼? ???? ????з??(Grapsidae) ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????(Pipa) ????? ???? ?????(Paramesotriton) ??????(Varanus) ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????β???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???c?K?? ?????c?K??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????Lingula?? ????????Aphis gossypii?? ?????棨Aphididae?? ???????? ??????? ????????????Echinodermata?? ?????? ??????? ??????Asterinapectinifera?? ???? ???д?? ?????Aixgalericulata?? ????????Asteroidea?? ??????Ansercygnoidcs?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???ж?????? ??????????? ??????????Sogatella furcifera?? ???^?????Strigiformes?? ?????п??Dactylopteridae??flying gurnards?? ???????white ant?? ???????????Peridinium?? ?????? ????????Anas platyrhynchos?? ???????Anas domestica?? ???й??? ?????????Cypriniformes?? ??????????Frenatae?? ??????? ????? ???鳤???Primates?? ?????Spheniscus demersus?? ?????????Falconiformes?? ???è??Felis temmincki?? ??????Dromaeusnovaehollandiae?? ?????????Rheaamericana?? ????????Mustela eversmanni?? ???ο???? Chlamys (Azumapecten) farreri ?????????Pelecaniformes?? ?????????Craspedacusta?? ????????? ????????Cygnus olor?? ?????? ?????Cygnus?? ?????????Anseriformes?? ???????Pelecanus?? ?????? ??????????????Wuerhosaurushomheni?? ?????? ???????Bostaurusdomestica?? ???????Ceratotherium simus?? ???????Camelus?? ??????Aues?? ???й?????Sinognathus?? ????????????????Toujiangosaurusmultispinus?? ????????Phasianus colchicus?? ????????Dinosaurs?? ?????????Struthioniformes?? ?????????Placentalia?? ????????Myrmecophaga tridactyla?? ??????? ???????? ????????Diplodocus?? ???????Sauropoda?? ????????Saurischia?? ????? ?????? ??ìβ??Latimeria chalumnae?? ??????????Navodon modestus?? ???????????Mamenchisaurus?? ?????????Lufengosaurus?? ???????Hylachinensis?? ???????Theropoda?? ????????Ornithischia?? ??????????Yongchuanosaurus?? ??????????Tyrannosaurus?? ????? ????? ????????Stegosauria?? ??????????Alligatorsinensis?? ????????Agkistrodonacutus?? ????β???crotalusadamanteus?? ??????(Batrachuperus) ??????(Plethodontidae) ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????Testudinata?? ?????Chinemys reevesii?? ?????? ??????Varanus salvator?? ???????Chamaeleonvulgaris?? ?????綯????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????Gekko japonicus?? ???????? ????????? ??????????Naja??Ophiophagushannah?? ???????Bungarusfasciatus?? ????????Najamajaatra?? ??????Rana temporaria chensinensis?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????Serpentes??Ophidia?? ???????? ???????Stauroisricketti?? ???P?? ??????Ranacatesbeiana?? ?????????Gavialis gangeticus?? ?????????Alligator mississippiensis?? ????? ????ǹ?(Cuora) ????(Trionyx sinensis) ????(Pelochelys bibroni) ????????Calamaria septentrionalis?? ?????????Bungarusmulticinctusmulticinctus?? ??????????Crocodilusniloticus?? ?????? ???????Vipera russelii?? ??????Enhydris chinensis?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????Trimeresurusstejnegeri?? ??????Eunectes murinus?? ???????Pythonmolurusbivittatus?? ???????Agkistrodon halys?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????β ??????β ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ????Σ?Stichopus japouicus?? ?????????????Hemichordata?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????????(Amphibia) ????θ ?????θ ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????θ????? ????θ ????θ ????θ ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????????????? ??С??è ?????? ?????(Pachytriton) ?????(Gymnophiona) ???????? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ?????(Sirenidae) ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????(Proteus) ????????Amphibia?? ?????????Apoda?? ?????Ichthyophisglutinosus?? ????????? ????β???Urodela??Caudata?? ??????(Miorohyla) ??????(Hylidae) ?????(Bombina) ?????(Rana catesbeiana) ????????Electrophoruselectricus?? ???????? ???????Paralichthysolivaceus?? ???? ??????Gadusmacrocephalus?? ????????Monopterus albus?? ??????(Staurois) ??????(Rana limnocharis) ???й?????(Rana temporaria chensinensis) ?????(Bufo) ??????(Heloderma) ??????(XenoPus) ??????? ??????(Rhacophorus) ??????(Draco) ??????Ophiocephalus argus?? ???????Stegocephalia?? ??????(Ophisaurus harti) ??????Echeneis naucrates?? ???????? ??????Megophrysgiganticus?? ??????(Takydromus) ??????(Eremias) ??????(Japalura) ??????Andriasdavidianus?? ????β???Anura??Salientia?? ??????Bufobufogargarizans?? ???????(Eumeces) ??????(Chamaeleonidae) ?????и??Reptilia?? ?????Cynops orientalis?? ?????? ???????? ???????(Crocodiliformes) ?????(Gekkonidae) ?????? ?????? ????????Rananigromaculata?? ??????????Crossopterygii?? ?????????Rana plancyi plancyi?? ?????? ????è?? ???? ????è ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????è ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????Molamola?? ????????Fugu?? ?????? ??? ???B ???????? ?????????Decapterus maruadsi?? ??????Trichiurus haumela?? ???? ????Stromateoidesargenteus?? ?????Scomberomorusniphonius?? ?????Pneumatophorusjaponicus?? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????Carassius auratus?? ??????У?Megalobramaamblycephala?? ??? ????????Hippocampus?? ????????Syngnathus acus?? ???? ???? ???????Pseudosciaena crocea?? ?????Lateolabrasjaponicus?? ???????? ???????Tilapia mossambica?? ?????? ???????? ????????Pagrosomusmajor?? ??С????Pseudosciaenapolyactis?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???л?????? ??????????Chondrichthyes?? ???? ?????裨Rhincodon typus?? ???????Gnathostomata?? ???壨Macrura reevesii?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????Ilishaelongata?? ?????????Osteichthyes?? ????Aciponser?? ???壨Macrura reevesii?? ?????? ?????????Oncorhynchus keta?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????Ctenopharyngodon idellus?? ??????? ??????Mylopharyngodon piceus?? ???????? ????Cyprinus carpia?? ??????Aristichthys nobilis?? ????Hypophthalmichthys molitrix?? ??????? ?????? ????Carassius auratus?? ????β?? ?????? ????? ??????λ ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????Castor fiber?? ?????????Lagomorpha?? ????(Gryllidae) ???(Tabanidae; horse flies) ??Ы ????(Siphonaptera) ????β?? ??????Eutamias sibiricus?? ????????Carnivora?? ??????Sciurus vulgaris?? ????????Lepus tolai?? ????緼? ?????? ????β???? ?????? ???Ｇ??Apodemus agrarius?? ??С????Mus musculus?? ?????? ??????Citellus dauricus?? ?????????Apodemus agrarius?? ?????з(cocount crab, robber crab) ??????β?? ??????Cricetulus?? ??????(Lepas anatifera) ???з(freshwater crab) ??????????з(Portunus trituberculatus) ???????Rattus norvegicus?? ???????Desmodus rotundus?? ???????Plecotus auritus?? ??????Pteropus?? ???????? ???????з(Scylla serrata) ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????^ ????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??÷??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????β? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???д????Marsupialia?? ?????? ?????(Araneidae; orb-weaver, garden spider) ???г?з(Uca; fiddler crab) ?????? ??????(Dermatophagoidinae;house dust mites) ???????Passer montanus?? ??????????Eutheria?? ?????????Placentalia?? ???? ???????Archaeopteryxlithographica?? ??????(Odonata) ?????? ??????(Ephemeroptera;mayfly) ???з(Ocypodidae) ?????????Prototheria?? ?????????Monotremata?? ????????Ornithorhynehus anatinus?? ????? ????????Mammalia?? ????????Passeriformes?? ?????(Geometridae;geometrid) ????(horseshoe crab) ?????з(Dorippe;musk crab) ??????Hirundorustica?? ?????(Limacodidae;slug moths) ???????(Saturniidae; giant silkworm moths) ?????飨Melanocorypha?? ????磨Acridotherescristatellus?? ?????Oriolus?? ????(Cicadidae) ??????Pica pica?? ?????(crayfish,crawfish) ???????Lanius?? ?????(Bombus; bumble bee) ?????Columbarupestris?? ?????Columbalivia?? ??С??(Chalcidoidea) ??????(Scolioidea) ????????Orthotomus?? ????ü??Garrulax canorus?? ??????(Sarcoptidae; itch mites) ?????(Acridoidea) ?????(Bombyx mori) ?????(Apoidea) ???????Psittacula?? ????飨Cuculus?? ?????Columbaliviadomestica?? ?????? ????????飨Cuculusmicropterus?? ?????飨Cuculuscanorus?? ?????(Exopalaemon) ?????(Cerambycidae; longhorned beetles) ?????(Coccinellidae;lady beetles) ?????(Penaeus) ?????棨Aphididae; aphids?? ??????Trochilidae?? ?????Apusapus?? ??è?? ???^ ???^?????Strigiformes?? ??????(Vespoidea;wasps) ???(Anoplura) ?????(Cicadellidae) ?????(Sphecoidea;digger wasps) ??????? ???????Upupaepops?? ????? ??????(Ichneumqnidae;ichneuman-wasps) ?????q??Nipponianippon?? ???????Egrettagarzetta?? ?????????Gruiformes?? ?????????Grusjaponensis?? ?????(Arctiidae;tiger moths) ?????(Sphingidae; sphinx moths) ?????(Balanomorpha; acorn barnacles) ?????(Macrobrachium; river prawn) ??? ?????a??Glareolamaldivarum?? ????????Grusnigricollis?? ????(Pentatomidae;stink bug) ??????(Theridiidae; cobweb weaver) ?????Otistarda?? ??????(Phasmida) ??????? ?????з(pagurids) ???????Coturnixcoturnix?? ??????Gallus domestica?? ?????????Columbiformes?? ??????Columbidae?? ????(Tettigoniidae) ??????? ??????(Gryllotalpidae; molecrickets) ???????Gallusgallus?? ??Ф?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??β?? ??β?? ??? ???????Sus scrofa?? ????(Sus scrofa domestica) ???????????Tetraogallus himalayensis?? ??β?? ?????????Bienotherium?? ????Elephas?? ???? ?????? ??????????Tetraogallus himalayensis?? ??????? ????? ????????Elephas africanus?? ??????Mammuthus primigenins?? ????? ?????? ????????Elephas maximus?? ??????? ????? ??з?? ???????? ???????Dugong dugon?? ?????????Perissodactyla?? ??????Equus hemionus?? ?????Equus asinus?? ????? ????????Equus zebra?? ?????γ?(Amoeba) ????? ??????? ??????Equus caballus?? ???????Equus przewalskii?? ?????(Nereididae) ??????? ?????? ????(Hirudinea) ??????? ???г?(Cestodea) ???г??(Turbellaria) ??????(Trematoda) ??????Lagopuslagopus?? ???????Pavo?? ????????Falcoperegrinus?? ????????(Porifera) ????????Ichthyosaurus?? ?????????Ciconiiformes?? ???????(plesiosaur) ???????Tetra?? ??????(Pterosauria) ?????????(Mamenchisaurus) ??????? ??? ???Milvusmilvus?? ?????m??Aquila chrysaetos?? ????????Gypaetusbarbatus?? ????? ?????(swan mussel) ?????????Galliformes?? ???(Corbiculidae;little mussel) ?????? ????(Hydra) ?????(Fruticicolidae;land snail) ???????Lophuranycthemera?? ????β????Syrmaticus?? ???????????Tragopan caboti?? ??????????Phasianus colchicus?? ????????(Crossoptilon mantchuricum) ??????(Bullacta exarata) ?????(Ostreidae; oyster) ?????(Meretrix meritrix) ??????(Viviparidae; pond snail) ?????(Pectinidae;scallops) ????????Manispentadactyla?? ????????Choloepusdidactylus?? ????????Insectivora?? ???????Oryctolagus cuniculus domestica?? ?????????Rodentia?? ????????(Echinoidea) ?????? ?????(Vorticellidae) ???????(Radiolaria) ???????(Stentor) ??????Erinaceuseuropaeus?? ????????Dermoptera?? ?????????Chiroptera?? ??????Vespertilio superans?? ??????Rousettusleschenaulti?? ??????????(Euphausia superba) ????? ?????? ????????Tachyglossus aculeatus?? ??????????Metatheria?? ??????? ?????? ???????Thylacinus cynocephalus?? ???????Macropus major?? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????(Psittacosaurus) ????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????????(Tyrannosaurus) ????? ?????? ?????(Typhlopidae) ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????(Calamaria) ??????(Elaphe) ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????(Hydrophidae) ??????? ????????? ????????(Ptyas korros) ???????? ???????? ??β ??????(Natrix natrix) ?????? ??????? ???????(Azemiops feae) ????????(Dinodon rufozonatum) ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????(Chelonia mydas;green turtle) ????????(Cyclemys mouhotii) ????????? ??????(Python molarus bivittatus) ????? ???????? ???????(Dermochelys coriacea) ??????(Ocadia sinensis) ??????? ??????? ????? ??????(Platysternon megacephalum) ?????(Geoemyda spengleri) ??????(Testudoformes) ?????(Testudo elephantopus) ????????(Geochlone elongata) ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??С?? ?????(Chinemys reevesii) ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????Moschusmoschiferus?? ???????Alcesalces?? ????????Cervus albirostris?? ????????Camelus ferus, C??bactrianus?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????Capreoluscapreolus?? ???????Cervuselaphus?? ??????Rangifertarandus?? ??С??Muntiacusreevesi?? ??? ?????????Giraffacamelopardalis?? ???????Elaphurusdavidianus?? ????Equus asinus??Equus caballus orientalis?? ?????????Hyracotherium?? ??÷?????Cervusnippon?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????Artiodactyla?? ????????Didermocerussumatrensis?? ???????Diceros bicornis?? ?????? ?????????Rhinocerosunicornis?? ???? ?????^?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????ɡ ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??β?? ????β?? ?????β?? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????Bosgaurus?? ???????? ??????? ???????Pophagusgruniens??Bosmutus?? ??????Bubalusbubalus?? ??????Bosgaurus?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????磨Naemorhedusgoral?? ???????? ??С?? ??????磨Budorcastaxicolor?? ?????磨Pantholopshodgsoni?? ?????????Saigatatarica?? ??????Procapragutturosa?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????Connochaetes?? ????? ???????? ??α?? ????? ?????ζ??? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? Patinopecten (Mizuhopecten) yessoensis ????????? Argopectens irradias ????????±? Amussium japonicum formosum ???????? ?????????????Chordata?? ???????? ????β ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????????eutrophication?? ????????Gastropoda?? ???????? ??????lungfish?? ????????hatching?? ??????????segmentation movement?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????Blattodea?? ?????????Clupeiformes?? ????β? ????ü ????????Coraciiformes?? ???????? ????????????????rumination?? ????? ????β????? ???? ??????? ???????????defensivebehavior?? ??????????棨killerparamecia?? ????????homing?? ???? ????????????Gastrotricha?? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????q ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????^ ??С?^ ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????^ ????^ ????? ???????? ??? ????V ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? Sepia esculenta ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????? Mactra quadrangularis ??????????? Ruditapes philippinarum ??????? Coelomactra antiquata ??????? ??????????????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????Megalobatrachus davidianus?? ????????Monoplacophora?? ????????Isoptera?? ??????è??Ailuropoda melanoleuca?? ??????è???Ailuropodidaer?? ????? ?????? ????θ ?????? ????? ????????? ??animal sleep?? ?????????? ????????? ??animal behavior?? ??????????? ?????????? ??taxonomic zoology?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????kineses?? ??????? ??zoology?? ????????Myriapoda?? ????? ???????Crocodilia?? ???????Polyplacophora?? ???????M ????????Trematoda?? ??????Ostrea?? ????? ?????????? ?????????Proboscidea?? ???????????supernormal stimuli?? ????????????stimulus summation?? ????????Mammalia?? ??????棨Paramecium?? ?????ζ??????Nemathelminthes?? ??????棨Schistosoma?? ???????г棨Taeniasolium?? ??????г棨Taenia saginata?? ????????Hemiptera?? ?????????Lamellibranchia?? ???????predator?? ????棨Enterobius vermicularis?? ??????????essential element?? ?????? ?????? ????棨Ascarislumbricoides?? ?????ζ??????Platyhelminthes?? ?????????Sagartialeucolena?? ?????? ?????ζ??????Platyhelminthes?? ?????γ棨Amoeba?? ??????????????origin of mammals?? ????????Mastigophora?? ???????variety?? ????????Lipotes vexillifer?? ?????????????Hemichordata?? ????????? Ostrea (Crassostrea) rivularis ??????????? Ostrea (Crassostrea) talienwhanensis ??????? Ostrea plicatula ??????г棨Planocera reticulata?? ?????г棨Euplanaria??Dugesia?? ???г???Turbellaria?? ????????? Cypraea carneola ??????? Ostrea (Crassostrea) gigas ????????????Coelenterata?? ???????????Porifera?? ???????? Neverita didyma ?????? Chanoria trltonls ???????? Nautilus pompilius ???? ????Hydra?? ??????Hydrozoa?? ?????? Cymbium melo ??????? Lambis lambis ???????Rhopilemaesculenta?? ??????????Aurelia aurita?? ????????? Turbo marmoratus Linnaeus ????????? Turbo chrysostomus ?????????? Trochus niloticus ?????????Anthozoa?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????è??Felis domestica?? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??Χ??? ??????Odobenus rosmarus?? ?????????Eumetopias jubata?? ????????Callorhinus ursinus?? ?????????Pinnipedia?? ?????(Cetacea) ???? ?????? ???? ?????γ棨Amoeba?? ????????Sarcodina?? ????????Balaenopteraphysalus?? ?????????Megapteranovaeangliae?? ??????? ???????Physeter catodon?? ????????Orcinus orca?? ?????棨Plasmodium?? ????????Sporozoa?? ????????Lipotes vexillifer?? ?????? ??????棨Paramoecium caudatum?? ????????Ciliata?? ??????Neomeris phocaenoides?? ????????Mustela sibirica?? ????????Marteszibellina?? ??????Lutralutra?? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????Panthera tigris?? ??è???Felidae?? ????????????Protozoa?? ?????????? ???????Felislynx??Lynxlynx?? ??????????Panthera tigris altaica?? ?????????Panthera tigris amoyensis?? ????????? ????????? ???????Panthera uncia?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????è??Felis temmincki?? ????è??Felis bengalensis?? ?????Panthera leo?? ???????Neofelis nebulosa?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? Haliotis diversicolor ?????? Haliotis asinina ???й????? Mactra chinensis ????? ?????Canis lupus?? ??????Canidae?? ?????? ???? ??????Vulpesvulpes?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????Ursidae?? ?????Nyctereutes procyonoides?? ????Cuonjavanicus?? ???? ???????Alopex lagopus?? ????? ????????? ?????漤?? ????? ??????è??Ailuropodamelanoleucus?? ???????Ursusarctos?? ???????Selenarctos thibetanus?? ????Meles meles?? ???????? Perna viridis ?????? ??????? ???????? Mytilus coruscus ???? ????? ??? ????? Scapharca subcrenata ?????? Scapharca broughtonii ?????? Tegillarca granosa ????? Mytilus edulis ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????ǹ???? Loligo japonica ?????? Octopus variabilis ???? ????????? venerupis variegata ????? Cyclina sinensis ?????????Dryopithecus?? ????????Insecta?? ????????????Gryllotalpaunispina?? ????????????Gryllotalpa africana?? ????Gryllulus??Gryllus?? ????????? ????????? ??????????Australopithecus?? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????Odonata?? ?????????Proboscidea?? ????????????Homoerectuspekinensis?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????taxis?? ??????Canidae?? ??????????Ratitae?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????food chain?? ?????????biological clock?? ????????????bioluminescence?? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????aggressive behavior?? ??????Hydrozoa?? ??????Aves?? ????????tetrapoda?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????????parental care?? ????????????Coelenterata?? ?????? ??????? ????????Carnivora?? ????????Diptera?? ??????????Australopithecus?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????Pinnipedia?? ?????????Plesiosauroidea?? ???????hair?? ??ī?? ?????? ????????Coleoptera?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????fin formula?? ?????????Odonata?? ?????? ?????????bird banding?? ????????????air sac of birds?? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????Muridae?? ????????Lariformes?? ???????? ?????????Rodentia?? ????????Sciuridae?? ????????Cricetidae?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????????Lamprey?? ??????????Chondrichthyes?? ????β???Ophiuroidea?? ?????嶯?????Mollusca?? ?????? ???????????comfort behavior?? ?????? ?????? ??????????Impennes?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??С??è??Viverricula indica?? ??????è??Viverrazibetha?? ??С??è??Ailurus fulgens?? ?????Apis?? ?????? ???????Myxine?? ??è???Felidae?? ?????没????entomogenous?? ??????imitation?? ???????Aedes?? ???????Culex?? ???????Anopheles?? ?????Culicidae?? ?????????Piciformes?? ?????????Anguilliformes?? ??????? ????? ????????Rotifera?? ??????Cervidae?? ????????Kallimachinensis?? ??????? ???????Musca domestica?? ?????????Ophiocephaliformes?? ??????????Ramapithecus?? ???????? ????????Hymenoptera?? ????è???Viverridae?? ????????????? ??dispersal?? ???????Trichogrammaevanescens?? ????????Insecta?? ???鳤???Primates?? ??????Bombyx mori?? ??????棨Dendrolimus?? ????棨Leucania separata?? ??????Vespa?? ?????????feeding behavior?? ????????Passeriformes?? ?????????Trilobita?? ?????????Dryopithecus?? ????? ???????Antheraea pernyi?? ???? ?????Endromis versicolora?? ??????Hemerophila atrilineata?? ????? ???????? ?????????neuston?? ??????????Chilo suppressalis?? ?????? ????????Pierisrapae?? ??????Bovidae?? ??????feather?? ????????Artiodactyla?? ????????kin recognition?? ???????? ???????棨Pectinophoragossypiella?? ??????棨Heliothis armigera?? ??????????Tryporyza incertulas?? ??????????Ostrinianubilalis?? ???????????Rhopalocera?? ????????Sarcodina?? ???????Selachoidei?? ????棨Harmonia axyridis?? ??????????food begging behavior?? ????????棨Eurhodopepirivorella?? ????С???棨Grapholithamolesta?? ????С???棨Carposinaniponensis?? ?????и??Reptilia?? ????? ????????????(Henosepilachnavigintioctomaculata) ?????????Anoplophorachinensis?? ??????????habitat selection?? ???????courtship?? ?????????lek?? ?????? ????????棨Coccinellaseptempunctate?? ?????? ??????Pediculus?? ???? ????????Lepidoptera?? ???????Archaeopteryx?? ??????Macaca cyclopis?? ??????Nycticebus coucang?? ?????? ????????Coleoptera?? ?????????Phasmida?? ??????Scarabaaeussaeer?? ??????? ?????棨Luciolavitticollis?? ?????????Anthropoid?? ???????Rhinopithecus?? ???????Presbytisfrancoisi?? ????????Papio hamadryas?? ????Macaca mulatta?? ??????Acrida?? ???????Oxya chinensis?? ??????Locuta?? ???? ????????Orthoptera?? ?????????Gorilla gorilla?? ??????????Hylobates concolor?? ???????Pongopygmaeus?? ?????????Pantroglodytes?? ????????????Echinodermata?? ????????????Acanthocephala?? ??????????????Vertebrata?? ??????????? ?????Aranea?? ??? ???????Euphausia?? ???????Penaeus orientalis?? ??????? ???????? ??????????з??Poriunustrituberculatus?? ????з??Eriocheirsinensis?? ???????Panulirus?? ????????????Chelidenium ar gentatum?? ????????Galleria mellonella?? ??????????????? ??????棨Trilobita?? ????????Gobioninae??gudgeons?? ??????飨Cyclops?? ????飨Daphnia?? ???????Cladocera?? ???????Crustacea?? ?????????Thripidae?? ????????Trogoderma variabile?? ????? ???????Lepas anatifera?? ????????Polychaeta?? ??? ?????Porcellio?? ???????Balanus?? ??????? ??Lemnaceae?? ??????????? ?????????? ??Phylloxeridae??phylloxerids?? ???????? ??Anthocoridae??flower bugs?? ?????Eupolyphaga?? ????????? ??Balsaminaceae?? ???? ???? ????? ????????Scaphopoda?? ????????Hymenoptera?? ???????????altuistic behavior?? ????????Myriapoda?? ????????Tetranychusurticae?? ???????????tight junction?? ?????????Cuculiformes?? ?????Scolopendra?? ???????Prospirobolus?? ??????????Crossoptilon mantchuricum?? ????????Pavo muticus?? ?????θ??Arachnoidea?? ?????з??Pagurus?? ???????Thereuopoda?? ???????Equidae?? ?????????Galliformes?? ???????Callus gallus?? ??Ы??Buthusmartensi?? ??????Rhinocerotidae?? ???????Uroctea?? ??????Lycosa?? ????? ?????? ???????Oryctolagus cuniculus domestica?? ???????Crustecea?? ???????pectoral girdle?? ?????????Perrisodactyla?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??Χ??? ?????????Synbranchiformes?? ?????????Gruiformes?? ??????????Beloniformes?? ??????????mating system?? ???????loreal pit?? ?????????Anthocidariscrassispina?? ??????????Hemicentrotuspulcherrimas?? ?????????Echinoidea?? ?????? ??????transverse orientation?? ????????Pholidota?? ????????Lepidoptera?? ??????????Jugatae?? ?????θ??Holothurioidea?? ???????Elaphurus davidianus?? ????????Hemiptera?? ???????Phlebotomus?? ???????Cryptotympana pustulata?? ????????Homoptera?? ?????棨Cimex?? ????????Amph ibia?? ??????????chain response?? ???????壨Spirochaeta?? ??????territory?? ??????????????origin of amphibians?? ??????? ??????? ?????????Perciformes?? ????????Diptera?? ?????????the white race?? ??????????Adoretus tenuimaculatus?? ???????? ??????Psephurus gladius??chinese paddle??fish?? ??????????Parathene tabaniformis?? ??????????Potosia??Liocola??brevitarsis?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????????Fridericia?? ???c?K???Lophiidae??anglers?? ?????????Exopalaemon?? ?????????Phylactelaemata?? ????????Diplopoda?? ???θ ????? ????? ?????? ??????????Homo erectus pekinensis?? ??????Pycnonotidae??bulbuls?? ????? ????????Haliotis?? ?????????Ciconiifornis?? ?????????????棨Leishmania donovani?? ???????Oncomelaniahupensis?? ????????Cypraea?? ??????Haliotis?? ???????????Trochus??Tectusniloticusmaximus?? ???????Parafossarulus?? ????? ???????Rhinopithecus roxellanae?? ????????????Arthropoda?? ???????????棨Ancylostoma duodenale?? ????Σ?migration?? ???????????Hyriopsiscumingii?? ????????????Anodontawoodianawoodiana?? ????? ????????Sirenia?? ?????? ??????Arcidae?? ?????????homeothermy?? ???????Cetacea?? ??????????Odontoceti?? ???? ???????Unio?? ?????嶯?????Mollusca?? ????? ???θ??Hirudinea?? ????? ?????????????????comparative vertebrate anatomy?? ????棨Trypanosoma?? ????????? ????棨Wuchereria?? ?????????????vertebrate virus?? ????????????Arthropoda?? ?????Whitmania?? ????Σ?Hirudo nipponia?? ??????migrant?? ???????Procyonidae?? ???????Cephalopoda?? ????????Limax?? ??????棨Enterobius vermicularia?? ????????????Annelida?? ?????????Mystacoceti?? ?????? ?????????γ? ????????????Annelida?? ??????Octopus?? ??ǹ??????Loligo?? ????????????Architeuthis?? ????????parasitism?? ???????????sexual parasitism?? ???????γ棨Trichomonas vaginalis?? ????????notochord?? ?????????Harpaconoidalis?? ??????Oliva?? ?????????Platorinslens?? ????????Pholcus?? ?????????Acipenseriformes?? ?????? ???????Bivalvia?? ?????????Lamellibranchiata?? ???????Polyplacophora?? ??????????Alligator sinensis?? ???????Chlamys?? ????????Ichthyosauria?? ???????Branchiostoma?? ????????swim bladder?? ????????λ ???????Solen?? ???????Sinonovacula constricta?? ????涯?????Nematoda?? ????????Ciliata?? ?????? ?????? ??????????Tyrannosaurus?? ?????? ???????Batoidei?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????Barbinae??barbels?? ???????Ciconia ciconia??white stork?? ??????β????Syrmaticus reevesii??white??crowned long??tailed pheasant?? ??????????Thaia rubiginosa?? ????????Fulica atra??coot?? ??????????????Cephalochordata?? ??β???????????Urochordata?? ?????????????Chordata?? ????????Puffinus leucomelas??white??frontedshearwater?? ??????????????Vertebrata?? ??????????????Australoid race?? ???????Coturnix coturnix??common quail?? ???????????Babesia?? ???????Lophura nycthemera??silver pheasant?? ???????crayfish??crawfish?? ???????Azemiops feae?? ??? ????? ???? ???????????Bohadschia?? ???????? ?????? ????????Pittidae??pittas?? ???????????Homarus??lobster?? ???c?K???Lophiiformes??anglerfishes?? ????????????Eimeria?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????Panthera pardus??leopard?? ????????Chriocentrus dorab??wolf herring?? ???????Ericerus pela?? ????????Trialeurodes uaporariorum?? ?????? ?????????Cypraeidae??cowries?? ?????? ?????? ????????Raja kenojei??flat back?? ?????????Anas poecilorhyncha??spotbill duck?? ????? ?????? ?????????????Hemichordata?? ????????Hemiptera?? ???????????Pelecanus philippensis??spot??billedpelican?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????Streptopelia??doves?? ???????Zygaenidae??leaf skeletonizer moths?? ????????Tiliaceae?? ????? ?????????Rheum?? ?????????Flacourtiaceae?? ?????? ???????? ??????????Dendrocopos major??great piedwoodpecker?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????Anser indicus??bar??headed goose?? ????è????Ictalurus punctatus??channel catfish?? ??????????eurypterids?? ????????zebras?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????鳣????д??????????? ??STANDARD PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PROTOCOLS ??Simplified Arabidopsis Transformation Protocol ??Competent agro prep for electroporation ??Green lab protocol for vacuum infiltration transfo ??Cell Suspension Culture of Arabidopsis ??Pollen Development in Anthers of Arabidopsis ??Arabidopsis RNA extraction protocol ???????????late stage H.sapiens?? ??????????invertebrate?? ?????????Chiroptera?? ???????scale?? ????????Pterosaurs?? ?????Seymouria?? ???г? ????β???Anura??Salientia?? ?????????Psittaciformes?? ??з ????????fin?? ??????Ursidae?? ???????Cyclostomata?? ???????Mustelidae?? ??? ?????????Prototheria?? ????????Orthoptera?? ??????Ichthyostega?? ?????????nekton?? ?????????Apodiformes?? ????????????Protozoa?? ????ù????tool using?? ????????Insectivora?? ????????releaser?? ???????????experimental ethology?? ?????????Scandentia?? ??????????Anopheles?? ?????????Neoceratodus forsteri??Queens??land lungfish?? ?????????棨alternation of generations?? ?????嶯???С?????the mollusk size rule?? ?????????Acridotheres ??mynas?? ????????????Octocorallia?? ????????????Ceratodontiformes?? ????棨Euglena?? ?????????Aegyptopithecus?? ??????fetal membrane??extraembryonic membrane?? ??й????cloaca?? ?????????sign stimuli?? ??β?? ?????? ?????????Apoda?? ??β???????????Urochordata?? ??Ы ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????Mentodea?? ????β???Collembola?? ??????????Eutheria?? ???г? ?????????Pelecaniformes?? ???? ??? ???? ???????Suidae?? ?????θ??Arachnoida?? ????? ?????? ???? ????????Crossopterygii?? ?????????Falconiformes?? ???????? ???????? ??????????early stage Apeman?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????Homoptera?? ??????????????Cephalochordata?? ???????Cephalopoda?? ??????Camelidae?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????Squamata?? ?????????Lagomorpha?? ???β???Thysanura?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??β??? ??????? ??????? ??????????late stage ape-man?? ???????????early stage H.sapiens?? ???????Aplacophora?? ?????????Ctenophora?? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ??????????(Layer-analise technique) ???????????????????????????? ??????????(Layer-analise technique) ???????????????????????????? ??Preparation of Dialysis Tubing ??Preparation of Dialysis Tubing ???????????????????????о???? ???????????????????????о???? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ??Preparation of Dialysis tubing ??Preparation of Dialysis tubing ????????????? ????????????? ??Tips for acid elution of peptid ??Tips for acid elution of peptid ??PI-PLC Purification ??PI-PLC Purification ?????鵰?????????????? ?????鵰?????????????? ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ??Large scale nuclear extract preparat ??Large scale nuclear extract preparat ??DEAE column: FPLC ??DEAE column: FPLC ??Preparation of Affinity Column ??Preparation of Affinity Column ??rat liver cytosol preperation ??rat liver cytosol preperation ??DEAE Column ??DEAE Column ??Sonication of Bacteria ??Sonication of Bacteria ??Preparation of Cell Lysate ??Preparation of Cell Lysate ??Whole Cell Extracts Preparation ??Whole Cell Extracts Preparation ????????????? ????????????? ??Cajal Body Isolation Protocol ??Cajal Body Isolation Protocol ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??Isolation of Protein from Tissue ??Isolation of Protein from Tissue ??TCA protein precipitation ??TCA protein precipitation ??Nuclear Extract Preparation ??Nuclear Extract Preparation ??TCA protein precipitation ??TCA protein precipitation ??Protein Precipitation Protocols ??Protein Precipitation Protocols ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ??Protocol for Protein Extraction&n ??Protocol for Protein Extraction&n ??Silver Staining Protocol ??Silver Staining Protocol ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ??Sample preparation (analytical ge ??Sample preparation (analytical ge ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??2D????????? ??2D????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ???????????? ???????????? ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electropho ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electropho ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electropho ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electropho ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Two-hybrid analysis of genetic&nb ??Two-hybrid analysis of genetic&nb ????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?????????飬????????????о?????·?? ?????????飬????????????о?????·?? ????????????о?????????????? ????????????о?????????????? ????????????о?????D?D????о? ????????????о?????D?D????о? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????о?????·?? ??????????????о?????·?? ????????????о?????????????? ????????????о?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????鳣?????? ???????????鳣?????? ??Western Blots ??Western Blots ????????????? ????????????? ???????(???) ???????(???) ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ??Two-hybrid analysis of genetic&nb ??Two-hybrid analysis of genetic&nb ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????--??????????????????? ???????--??????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ??PCR-ELISA???????? ??PCR-ELISA???????? ???????????????????????????е???? ???????????????????????????е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ?????????鼼?????о???? ?????????鼼?????о???? ???????????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????飬????????????о?????·?? ?????????飬????????????о?????·?? ????????????о?????D?D????о? ????????????о?????D?D????о? ?????????鼼?????о???? ?????????鼼?????о???? ????????????о?????????????? ????????????о?????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE?????? ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE?????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ???????????о??? ???????????о??? ??Silver Staining Protocol ??Silver Staining Protocol ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ??2D????????? ??2D????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????FAQ ???????????????????FAQ ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE?????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE?????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ???????--??????????????????? ???????--??????????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??Silver Staining Protocol ??Silver Staining Protocol ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ????????????????? ????????????????? ???°?ChIP????????У?EZ ChIP™ ???°?ChIP????????У?EZ ChIP™ ??Immunoprecipitation of Proteins ??Immunoprecipitation of Proteins ??Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation ??Metabolic labeling & Immunoprecipitation ??Metabolic labeling & Immunoprecipitation ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation ??IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ??IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ??Glycolipid Binding Assay ??Glycolipid Binding Assay ??Cold Immunoprecipitations ??Cold Immunoprecipitations ?????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ??BCA???????????? ??BCA???????????? ????????????鼼?? ???????????о???????· ???????????????? ?????????????????15????? ??6???????????????? ?????????ο????? ??????????????????????????о? ?????????? PCA ???????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????????????о? ?????????????????? ????????Ｐ????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??SDS-PAGE???????? ????????????????????? ?????????SDS-??????????????????? ???????????????????D?D?????? ???????????????????? ??????????????輰??????? ?????????????????????鷽???? ???????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????е??????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????и?Ч??????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????tertiary structure?? ??????domain?? ????????????supersecondary structure?? ???????????????secondary structure?? ???????????????primary structure) ???????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ??BCA???????????? ???°?ChIP????????У?EZ ChIP™ ????????????????????????? ???г???????????????????λ?? ?????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??Immunoprecipitation of Proteins ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation ??Metabolic labeling & Immunoprecipitation ??IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ??Glycolipid Binding Assay ??Immunoprecipitation ??Cold Immunoprecipitations ??Preparation of Dialysis tubing ??Preparation of Dialysis Tubing ???????????????? ??PI-PLC Purification ???????????????????????????? ??????????(Layer-analise technique) ?????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??Tips for acid elution of peptid ???????????????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????????о???? ?????鵰?????????????? ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ??rat liver cytosol preperation ??Whole Cell Extracts Preparation ??DEAE Column ??DEAE column: FPLC ??Preparation of Affinity Column ??Sonication of Bacteria ??Large scale nuclear extract preparat ??Preparation of Cell Lysate ??Cajal Body Isolation Protocol ??????????????????? ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??TCA protein precipitation ??TCA protein precipitation ??Protein Precipitation Protocols ??Isolation of Protein from Tissue ??Nuclear Extract Preparation ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??codon usage database ?????ú???????????? ????????????? ?????????????????????????η??? ????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????protein profiling???????????????? ?????????--????? ??Search medline for yeast prions news with:URE2,URE3,SUP35,PNM2,SUP11,PSI+,Hsp104 ??14-3-3 proteins ??GPI???? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????ο??????λ??dalton?? ???????????????ο??(??λ??pH) ??ChIP Assay Protocol ??Immunoprecipitation and Immune Complex kinase assay ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??ChIP Protocol??Mirmira Lab?? ??Yeast Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay and PCR ??ULTIMATE FREEZE-THAW LYSIS FOR MAMMALIAN CELLS ??Immunoprecipitation ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Yeast Whole Cell Extracts ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Mammalian Cell Extracts ??Cell Lysis/Western/IP ???????????黺????????? ??Bradford Assay ??Lowry Protein Assay ??Bradford Protein Assay ??????????????????? ??Brandford??????????? ??Modified Lowry Protein Assay ??Column Buffers: CREB ??GST fusion protein purification--GST????????? ??HIS-tagged protein purification ??Affinity Column Preparation--??????????? ??Fusion Protein Isolation--??????????? ??His??????????--Purification of 6xHis epitope tagged proteins ??GST?????????--Purification of GST fusion proteins in E.coli ??GST????????? ??GST?????????--????С?????? ??GST?????????--???????? ??Purification of dnEBNA-1/Soft from E. coli BL21 LysS ??6xHis-tagged protein purification using Qiagen Ni-NTA Column ??Protein Syntheses in Cell Free Systems ??In vitro translation ??Dried droplet ??Seeded films (Vorm-Roepstorff) ??Polycrystalline thin films--?????????? ??PREPARATION OF PROTEIN A SEPHAROSE CL 4B BEADS ??SILVER STAIN OF PROTEIN GELS ??WESTERNS ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay Conditions -Mg/EDTA in Gel and Buffer ??Purification of Gcn4 ??Analysis of total E. coli protein by SDS PAGE ??PIC Cross-linking and Immune Precipitation ??Cyanogen Bromide digestion of protein ??Comassie Stain of Protein Gel ??Purification of recombinant sBRF M166L ??Bio-Rad Protein Assay ??GST Fusion Protein Prep ??BOILING PROTEIN PREP ??CATHY'S NO BOIL YEAST EXTRACTS ??Taq Polymerase Purification ??Protocol for Protein Extraction ??Purifying Protein from Inclusion Bodies ??Myosin Light Chain Preparation ??Chazin Lab Protocol for Determining Denaturant Concentration ??Purification of Calmodulin from Bovine Brain ??Purification of Myosin Light Chain Kinase ??TCA protein precipitation ??Purification of TFIIA from E. coli ??Purification of TFIIIC ??Yeast mini whole cell extract using glass beads for western analysis ??Rapid Yeast Protein Prep for SDS PAGE and Western ??Guanidine Hydrochloride Purification of Proteins From SDS PAGE ??Yeast Protein Isolation "Yaffe-Schatz" ??Lysis Buffers--????????????????? ??Fluorescent Timer ????SSH?????????????? ??Atlas™cDNA???????(Expression Array) ??Multiple Tissue Northern (MTN™  Blots??SNPs???? ??T7Select ????????? ????????似???????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ??Adeno-X ??????----????Ч??????????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ??????????Novagen??? ???????????????Promega ??His-Tag????????Qiagen ????????--GE ?????????????????????????Invitrogen ????????--??????????????????? ???????????????????? ???Tag?????????NEB????????? ??????????? ??Pichia??????????????? ????????--?????????????? ?????/????/??????ó?????Ч???????? ??siRNAs???????о????????? ??siRNA???????? ?????RNAi????????????? ??siRNA?????? ??RNAi????? ??RNAi??????????????? ??RNAi?????? ??RNA interference protocol ??siRNA?????? ??????RNA interference??RNAi?? ??siRNA Design ??How do you synthesize your dsRN ??RNA??????????????? ??RNAi???FLASH??? ??miRNA??siRNA????鷽??[???] ????С??????п??miRNA??鷽?? ??RNAi????pSIREN-DNR Vector ?????鶯??????н???RNA????:???????????siRNAЧ? ??RNAi????pSIREN-DNR Vector ??The Easiest Route to Guaranteed ??siRNAs???????о????????? ??siRNA Design ??The Easiest Route to Guaranteed ?????鶯??????н???RNA????:???????????siRNAЧ? ??MicroRNA and siRNA Cloning Protocol ???????????????RNAi??????????? ??siRNA??鷽????? ??????RNA interference??RNAi?? ?????鶯??????н???RNA????:???????????siRNAЧ? ??RNAi????pSIREN-DNR Vector ??siRNA Database and Design Tools ??RNAi??????????RNA??dsRNA????????? ??RNAi???FLASH??? ??RNAi??????????е???? ?????RNAi????????????RNA?????dsRNA)???? ??siRNA?????? ??RNAi??? ????APC??TSC??2 cDNA???5??RACE ???????????cDNA??????RACE???? ??Intracellular Cytokine Staining Protocol ??3'RACE PCR ??Intracellular Cytokine Staining Protocol ??3'RACE PCR ??5' RACE for EST Production ????(transfection)--?????????? ??micro RNA(miRNA) ??RNAi????????????? ??RNA??????? ??SNPs???????? ??Secondary structure of prion mRNA ??RNAase (10mg/ml) ??Northern Blot--northern??? ??RNA Isolation from Yeast ??Polymerase III in vitro Transcription ??In vitro transcription with yeast nuclear extract ??Simplified instructions for NOVEX NuPAGE Gels ??RNA Pol II Immobilized Template Assay ?????RNA???--Methods for Plant RNA Isolation ????????RNA--RNA EXTRACTION METHOD FOR COTTON ?????RNA?????--ISOLATION OF RNA FROM BACTEROIDS ??RNA Isolation from Yeast ??RNase Protection Assay ??RNase Protection Assay--RNA????? ??DIETHYL PYROCARBONATE (DEPC) TREATMENT OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS ??How to make DEPC-treated water and Tris Buffer ??SINGLE STEP PROKARYOTIC RNA ISOLATION ??Isolation of total RNA using CsCl/EtBr gradients--????????????RNA ??Total RNA extraction from Arabidopsis and tobacco--???????????RNA??? ??Acid Phenol Yeast RNA Prep ??Phenol Extraction of rRNA ?????????RNA???--RNA Isolation Protocol-Cultured Cell Samples ??TRIzol method for RNA isolation ??Preparation of total RNA from whole blood collected in PAXgene tubes ??Human FastTrack mRNA Isolation ??RNA Extraction--RNA??? ??RNA purification using TRizol--TRIZOL?????RNA ??Fractionation of Nuclear and Cytoplasmic RNA by Trizol--?????????????????RN ??Preparation of total cellular RNA--?????RNA???? ??Microscale Hot Borate RNA Extraction from Cotton Tissue--????????????????RNA ?????RNA???????? ??RNase Protection Assay--RNA????????? ??Protocol for the cloning of pSHAG-MAGIC2 shRNAs ??Design of shRNA inserts for pSHAG-1 ??A PCR-based strategy for cloning short hairpin sequences:??PCR SHAGging?? ??MicroRNA and siRNA Cloning Protocol ??96 Well Mating Protocol ?C platewise ??T7 siRNA protocol ??He Tube Mating with MSCV recipient ??The TRC shRNA Design Methods and Rules ??The pSico and pSicoR Design and Cloning ??Bacteria-mediated RNAi ??TaKaRa RNAiso Reagent ??cDNA??? ??siRNAs???????о????????? ??RNAi: Background Information ?????????RNA????? ??????????RNA?????????? ?????RNA????? ??RNA???????????????? ??E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol for Spotted Microarray ??Digoxigenin-UTP RNA labeling ??In vitro transcription ??In vitro transcription with yeast nuclear extract ??Natural History Museum Protocol for EST sequencing from lamb ??In Vitro Transcription Assay (Run-off Assay) using Permeabil ??In vitro transcription with yeast nuclear extract ??In vitro RNA synthesis from plasmid-borne sequences under th ??96-well RNA In Situ Hybridization Protocol ??ESTs from Phage Plaques ??Protocol for First-strand cDNA Synth ??cDNA Synthesis from MOLT-4 Cells ??In vitro transcription reaction ??in vitro Transcription ??Polymerase III in vitro Transcriptio ??Transcription of cRNA probe ??Run-On Transcription ??RNA purification --- Trizol ??RNA purification --- hot phenol ??CONCERT?????RNA??????? ??RNA???????cDNA??????????鷽??(3) ??S1 Nuclease Protection Assay ??RNA???????cDNA??????????鷽??(1) ??RNA???????cDNA??????????鷽??(2) ??S1 analysis of yeast mRNA using oligonucleotide probes ??Primer Extension analysis of total yeast RNA ??RNase Protection Assay ??Ribonuclease Protection Assay ??Ribonuclease Protection Assay ??????RNA?????鷽????protocol?? ????RNA????? ????????RNA?????????? ??????????---mRNA??????? ??mRNA????????? ??????RNAi?????????? ??siRNA Design ??RNA??????????????? ??siRNA protocols ??siRNA????????????? ??A novel approach for evaluating the efficiency of siRNAs on ??Rules of siRNA design for RNA interference ??RNAi?????????? ??Generate siRNA Populations with Dice ??PCR Amplification of DNA ??Polymerase Chain Reaction ??PCR???? PCR????????? ??PCR???????? ????PCR?????г??????????????? ???????PCR????е???? ??PCR????????Щ???? ??Calculating Concentrations for PCR ??Detection of Alu by PCR ??PCR???????????PCR??????????????? ??PCR?????????????????????DNA??PCR???? ????ν??????PCR?????? ??PCR???????????PCR?????????? ??PCR????????????? ??PCR??????????? ??PCR????????? ??PCR??ü??? ???????????????LUX™?????? ????PCR/RT-PCR??????? ????????????? ???????????? ??PCR????????11??????? ????????-actin ???????? ??PCR?????????? ???????????????? ??Real-time PCR review article (2000) ??Real-time PCR review article (2002) ??DNA/RNA Real-Time Quantitative PCR ??Basics of using Real-time PCR ??Realtime RT-PCR problem - no product-Real-Time PCR ??Protocol for Real-Time RT-PCR ??REAL TIME PCR WITH SYBR GREEN I ????PROTOCOL ??"Real-Time" or Kinetic PCR ??FAQs on Real-Time RT-PCR ??RT-PCR??鷽??????? ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??RT-PCR --- one-step ??Detecting DNA Contamination in RT-PC ??Avoiding DNA Contamination in RT-PCR ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??RT-PCR??鷽??????? ??????RT-PCR?????? ??????RT-PCR?????? ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??First Strand cDNA Synthesis ??????-???????????????鷽?? ??Quantitative RT-PCR ??RNase inhibitors and RNases ??What is the highest temperature ??RT-PCR Analysis ??Protocol for competitive RT-PCR ??RT-PCR procedures ??Reverse Transcriptase-PCR ??Reverse Transcriptase-PCR ??Reverse Ligation Mediated RT - ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??THE FOUNDATION OF SUCCESSFUL RT IN SITU PCR ??PCR and multiplex PCR guide ??Multiplex PCR ??Microdeletion screening ??PURIFICATION OF PCR PRODUCTS WITH SEPHAD ??Standard multiplex mixtures ??PEG PRECIPITATION OF PCR PRODUCTS ??Cloning PCR products using TA vectors ??Purification of PCR products ??Cleavage Efficiency Close to the&nbs ??Blunt end cloning of PCR produc ??Degenerate PCR ??Degenerate PCR Detailed guide ??Degenerate PCR-A Short Guide ??Degenerate Primers ??PCR????????? ??Long PCR Reagents and Guidelines(2) ??Long-PCR Reagents and Guidelines(3) ??Long-PCR Reagents and Guidelines(1) ??PT-PCR ??PCR?????????????PCR-SSCP??????? ??PCR????????????PCR???????SOE??SDL???? ??PCR?????????????PCR??????? ??????PCR ????????????????PCR?????? ????????????PCR??????? ??????????????? ??????PCR????????????? ??PCR????????????????PCR ??PCR??????????????PCR????cDNA???е????????? ??PCR????????壩??????????DNA???е?PCR???? ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) ??PCR?????????????PCR??????????? ??PCR??????鷽??????? ???????????????? ??PCR??????鷽???????? ??PCR??????鷽???????? ??PCR??????? ??PCR ??Designing PCR programs ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) cont ??PCR Technology ??PCR???????????(???? ??PCR??????鷽??????? ??PCR???????????(???? ??Taq?PCR??鷽?????? ??PCR???????????(??? ??Relative quantitation of gene expression ??Gene quantification calculations ?????????????PCR??????????????? ??PCR???????????PCR???????? ?????PCR????????? ??PCR??????鷽???????? ??CORE SAMPLE PCR ?????mRNA?????????????DDRT-PCR????????????????? ??PCR??????鷽?????壩 ??PCR????????壩??????????DNA???е?PCR???? ??PCR????????????Taq DNA???? ?????PCR??????? ??PCR????????Щ???? ??PCR????????????PCR?????????? ??PCR??????鷽?? ??PCR??????? ??PCR??????? ??????PCR???? ??PCR??????鷽???????? ??Designing PCR programs ?????PCR??????? ??PCR Technology ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) cont ??????PCR(Immuno-PCR)???????? ?????mRNA?????????????DDRT-PCR????????????????? ??SMART???? ???λ????????????in situ PCR?????λ???? ??????????????????????????? (PCR-SSCP) ? ??Gene quantification calculations ??Relative quantitation of gene expres ??PCR ??PCR????????Щ???? ??Single tube confirmation PCR protoco ??Site-directed Mutagenesis using PCR ??384-well PCR ??Disruption by Fusion PCR ??Colony PCR ??PCR??????????? ?????PCR??????? ?????PCR/??????PCR??????ü?? ??PCR???? PCR????????? ??PCR from Tissue ??Single Primer ("Semi-Random" P??PCR??RT??PCR??????????? ??pcr?????????????????PCR???????????о??е???? ??????????????PCR????鷽?? ??PCR??????????? ??PCR??????? ??PCR???? ??PCR??鼰???????? ??????PCR?????? ??Standard PCR Protocol ????????????????? ??PCR?????????? ????PCR??GC???м???????? ??PCR???????????????? ??PCR Protocol(per Adam 08/12/04) ??University of Chicago?? ??RT-PCR Protocol ??Colony PCR ????PCR??Upstate Medical University?? ??TAIL PCR Protocol ??Taq DNA???? ??Disruption by Fusion PCR??Upstate Medical University?? ??PCR?????????????? ??PCR??????? ??PCR????????? ??PCR??????????? ??Long PCR Reagents and Guidelines??????PCR?????????????? ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)??University of Texas at Austin?? ??Yeast Colony PCR ??PCR with expand Polymerase ??Protocol for Enhancing PCR of Very Difficult Regions ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??RT-PCR Analysis [Harvard University] ??M. hyopneumoniae PCR ??General PCR methods ??BEST" PCR ??PCR Amplification from Microbial Colonies ??????о????? ??PCR??????DNA?????е???? ?????PCR????????????? ?????????????HIV????о??е???? ??PCR????????????????о??е???? ??RT-PCR????HCV?е???? ??PCR???????е???? ??PCR??????????е???? ??PCR???????????????е???? ??RT-PCR???????????е???? ??????????DNA???е?PCR???? ??AluPCR:????????????? ??????????DNA????????з??? ?????????????????? ??TAIL PCR??????????? ??RAPD PCR Colony Miniprep ??TAIL PCR Protocol ??RNA???--RNA ISOLATION ??Real time PCR-ABI Prism 7000 ??Long-PCR Reagents and Guidelines ??????????cDNA?????PCR???? ??RT-PCR Analysis--?????RT-PCR???? ??Long PCR Reagents and Guidelines ??Degenerate PCR--??PCR ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??RAPD PCR Colony Miniprep ??RT-PCR Protocol ??"BEST" PCR--????????????DNA??PCR???? ??Primary Amplification of Genomic DNA using DOP - PCR ??TAIL PCR Protocol--Tail-PCR?????鷽?? ??M. hyopneumoniae PCR ??????PCR????????????????? ??Colony PCR--????PCR ??Yeast Colony PCR--???????PCR ??Isolation of Retroelement from Plant Genomic DNA ??????PCR??鷽??--General PCR methods ??Expand High Fidelity PCR--?????PCR ??Protocol for Enhancing PCR of Very Difficult Regions ??Protocol for mRNA amplification--RT-PCR?????? ??Polymerase Chain Reaction--??????PCR ??Disruption by Fusion PCR ??PCR-SSCP???? ??Detection of Alu by PCR--PCR???????Alu??????? ??Multiplex PCR: Critical Parameters and Step-by-Step Protocol ??PCR????????? ??PCR??????????? ??Troubleshooting for PCR and multiplex PCR ??PCR?????????????? ??PCR??????С??????????? ??PCR????????? ??PCR ???????? ??PCR generalities??Components, PCR cycle, vials?? ??Reaction volume ??Choosing/designing PCR primers ??Multiplexing primer pairs ??Primer amount in PCR ??PCR buffers ??Salt (KCl) concentration ??Designing PCR programs ??PCR?????????????о???? ??PCR????д???????? ??PCR-SSCP???? ??Single Cell PCR ?????mRNA?????????????DDRT-PCR????????????????? ??Bisulfite Treatment of DNA ??Bisulfite Conversion Based PCR ??Methylation-Specific PCR ??Methylated CpG Island Amplification ??Inverse PCR & Cycle Sequencing ??Inverse PCR for PAC-end sequencing ??Inverse PCR ??In Situ RT-PCR ??Inverse PCR ??M-MLV?????cDNA????????-??????? ??contamination in real-time pcr negative control-Real-Tim ??RT-PCR: The Basics ??Invitrogen RT-PCR ????? ??RT-PCR??? ??Primer Dimer problems in real-time PCR-Real-Time PCR ??contamination in real-time pcr-Real-Time PCR ??Real-Time qRT-PCR standard curves... efficiency is too h ??Delta-delta Ct method and PCR efficiencies-Real-Time PCR ??Inconsistent results from replicates in Taqman real-time ?????RT-PCR??????????????? ??Avoiding DNA Contamination in RT-PCR ??RT-PCR???????? ??Rt-PCR??鲽?? ??Two Step REAL TIME RT-PCR PROTOCOL ??What causes two peaks in melting curve?-Real-Time PCR ??Melting Curve giving flutating Ct values-Real-Time PCR ??Which housekeeping genes for qRT-PCR control?-Real-Time ??Small amounts of RNA for qRT-PCR-Real-Time PCR ??Real-time PCR problems-Molecular Biology ?????????PCR[mRNA???????????] ??????PCR ??RT??PCR, Reversed Transcript PCR?? ??is cDNA concentration 200 ng/ul too high for qRT-PCR-Rea ??RT-PCR (Reverse transcription PCR) ??real time sybergreen concentration-Real-Time PCR ??real time PCR primers-Real-Time PCR ??real-time PCR-Molecular Biology ??Real Time PCR problem - different dilutions have the sam ??RT-PCR????????????????????? ????????RT-PCR???????????????WT1???? ??RT-PCR lab ??SMART??????? ??RT-PCR????HCV?е???? ??Protocol for Real-Time RT-PCR ??dissociation curve of real time pcr products-Real-Time P ??QRT-PCR result analysis-Real-Time PCR ??Real-Time or Kinetic PCR ??Quantification of PCR using delta-delta Ct method.-Molec ??RT-PCR??????????????? ??mRNA??????????[DDRT-PCR] ???λ?????????????λ????????????????????? ??RT-PCR??鷽????? ??FAQs on Real-Time RT-PCR ??PCR??RT-PCR???? ??DNA/RNA Real-Time Quantitative PCR ??Real Time PCR Primer Sets ??Basics of using Real-time PCR ?????????PCR ??Real time PCR-ABI Prism 7000[MIT] ??What causes two peaks in melting curve?-Real-Time PCR ??Inconsistent results from replicates in Taqman real-time ??Small amounts of RNA for qRT-PCR-Real-Time PCR ??Melting Curve giving flutating Ct values-Real-Time PCR ??Real-time PCR problems-Molecular Biology ??Which housekeeping genes for qRT-PCR control?-Real-Time ??????PCR???? ??????????PCR ??????PCR??????? ????????????DNA??????DNA????????????? ??Real Time PCR problem - different dilutions have the sam ??is cDNA concentration 200 ng/ul too high for qRT-PCR-Rea ??real time PCR primers-Real-Time PCR ??real-time PCR-Molecular Biology ??real time sybergreen concentration-Real-Time PCR ??TaqMan PCR???ABI-7700?????? ??Equipment And Reagents For Real-Time PCR ??real-time PCR ???????????? ??RT-PCR: The Basics ??Real-Time PCR ??Traditional PCR??? ????????PCR??????? ??Realtime RT-PCR problem - no product-Real-Time PCR ??Real-time PCR?????????? ??dissociation curve of real time pcr products-Real-Time P ??REAL TIME PCR WITH SYBR GREEN I ????PROTOCOL ??Quantification of PCR using delta-delta Ct method.-Molec ??Protocol for Real-Time RT-PCR ??QRT-PCR result analysis-Real-Time PCR ??FAQs on Real-Time RT-PCR ??Basics of using Real-time PCR ??Real-Time or Kinetic PCR ??DNA/RNA Real-Time Quantitative PCR ?????????PCR ??Real Time PCR Primer Sets ??contamination in real-time pcr negative control-Real-Tim ??contamination in real-time pcr-Real-Time PCR ??Real-Time qRT-PCR standard curves... efficiency is too h ??Primer Dimer problems in real-time PCR-Real-Time PCR ??Delta-delta Ct method and PCR efficiencies-Real-Time PCR ??PCR???????????????е???? ??PCR??????????A???? ??PCR????????????????е???? ??÷?????????????????? ??A????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??PCR??DMS/BMD????????е???? ????????????DNA??PCR???? ??????????????????????? ??PCR?????COX??????????? ????PCR????CDNA???е????????? ??????DNA??RNA???????????? ?????????????????????DNA????? ???????????????????DNA?????????? ????????? ??????DNA????? ??DNA Extraction from Paraffin Section ??Phenol/Chloroform Precipitation of DNA ??Silica Clean-up of DNA ??MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ISOLATION ??Genomic DNA extraction ??Streamlined DNA Extraction Protocol ??Plant Total DNA Isolation ??Genomic DNA Extraction for Mapping ??MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ISOLATION ??DNA?????? ??Self-circularization of Linear DNA ??DNA????????г???????(??? ??DNA????????1 DNA Ligation ??DNA????????2 DNA Ligation ??Removal of excess linkers_adapters ??Linker Ligation ??Cohesive End Ligation ??Standard Ligation ??DNA Sequential Digestion ??Thermal Inactivation ??Preparation of blunt-end DNA fragmen ??DNA???????????????????? ??DNA??? ??Partial Endonuclease Digestion ??DNA Partial Digestion ??Restriction Enzyme Digestion of DNA ??Restriction Enzyme Buffer ??Restriction Digest ??Restriction Digestion of DNA ??Restriction digestion ???????????? ??Restriction Digests of Genomic DNA ?????DNA????п????? ??DNA????????г??????? ???????????? ??Protocols for ET recombination. ??Protocols for ET recombination. ??PCR from bacterial colonies ??PCR?????? ??TOPO TA Cloning ??Construction of homemade 'T-vectors&# ??TA Cloning ??T/A Cloning ????????????? ??????????????????? ??PCR?????? ??TA Cloning ??24h Subcloning Protocol ??Easy Subcloning ??CLONING FROM LOW MELT AGAROSE ??Random subclone generation ??PJB??s hints for sub-cloning ??Clone Genes From a Phage Librar ??Subtractive Cloning ??Lance's Subcloning procedures ??TA???????????????????????? ??DNA???в????? ??DNA?????? ????????鷽??10: ?????? ??NO "WEDGE" Sequencing Gels ??Methods for DNA sequencing ??DNA Sequencing ??Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing ??Preparation of G+A Marker ??Chemical Sequencing of DNA ??DNA Sequencing ??DNA SEQUENCING REACTIONS ?????????λ?????DNA???в????? ??Template Preparation ????η???DNA?????? ??DNA Sequencing Gels ??PREPARATION OF SEQUENCING GELS ??Erase-a-Base® System ??Recommended Storage Conditions ??UV Shadowing ??Protocol for Annealing Oligonucleotides ??Oligo - Storage and Handling ??Protocol for Annealing Oligonucleotides ??Oligonucleotide purification ??Method for Single-Cell Electroporation ??CaPO4 Transfection for Chromaffin Ce ??Transient transfection into 293T cel ???????????????? ???紩??????????????????е???? ??????紩??????? ?????????????????????? ??Transient Transfection of Cos-1 Cell ??Stable Transfection ??Calcium Phosphate Transfection ??Calcium Chloride Transfection ??CAT ASSAY[TLC METHOD] ??CAT ASSAY (liquid phase) ??CAT Assay ??b-Galactosidase Activity Assay ??Chemical transformation ??Method for Single-Cell Electroporation ??Large-scale yeast transformation ??pGL3 Luciferase Reporter Vectors ??TRANSFORMATION (ONE-STEP PEG METHOD) ??Transformation of Competent Cells ??Transformation of E. coli ??Bacterial Colony PCR ????Ч???????????? ?????DNA????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??Recipe for yeast tryptone medium ??FROZEN COMPETENT E. COLI CELLS ??Cool growth competent E . coli ??How to Make Competent Cells ??Electroporation of P. aeruginosa ??Stable Transfection (Electroporation) ??Screening of recombinants ?????????????????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??DNA Plasmid Maxiprep Protocol ??CsCl Prep of Plasmid DNA ??Extrachromosomal elements, plasmids, sele ??Quick DNA Plasmid Prep ??Plasmid Quickpreps ??Preparing Overnight Bacterial Culture ??Quick DNA Plasmid Prep. ??Diatomaceous Earth-based Midi-prep ??Plasmid DNA minipreps ??Plasmid DNA Isolation from Bacteria ??PEG Preparation of Plasmid DNA ??MINI PREP BY BOILING ??DNA Plasmid Prep. ??Boiling lysis mini-prep ??Mini-prep ??DNA Plasmid Miniprep Protocol ??Isolating DNA Fragments ??DNA Fragment Purification ??Recovering DNA from agarose gels ??Oligonucleotide Purification ??MinElute DNA???????? ??DNA Purification and Precipitation ??Sephadex G-50 spun column purificati ??Improved Alcohol Precipitation of DN ??Ethanol Precipitation of DNA ??NH4Ac and EtOH precipitation of ??Dialysis (using dialysis tubing) ??Ethanol Precipitation of DNA ??DNA Precipitation ??DNA Purification from Gels ??DNA Purification from Agarose Gels ??Gene-Kleen protocol ???????????????(SSH)??--???????????? ??Deproteination using phenol/chloroform ????????鷽??1:????DNA?????????????? ??????????????DNA?????????? ??DNA From Whole Blood for PCR ??DNA extraction and precipitation ??DNA Extraction ??DNA Extraction Methods ??DNA Extraction from Cheek Cells ??DNA Extraction from Ancient Tissue ??DNA Preparation from Fresh_Frozen Ti ??DNA Preparation from Fresh_Frozen Ti ??DNA Preparation from Cell Lines ??DNA Preparation from Adherent Cells ??Phenol/chloroform Extraction of DNA ??DNA from Tail Biopsies ??Genomic DNA Quickprep for PCR ??ES CELL DNA EXTRACTION: TUBE ME ??BUCCAL CELL DNA PREPS ??DNA Preparation from Blood ??CTAB TECHNIQUE / Method / Schedule / Protocol (JPB) FOR DNA ??DNA and RNA EXTRACTIONS ??DNA Extraction Protocols Using Silic ??Quantification and Quality ??DNA fingerprinting ??DNA fingerprinting - agarose gel ??AFLP Protocol ??Gel Shift (EMSA) Protocol ??EMSA using ds Oligonucleotides ??FOOTPRINTING WITH DNASE1 ??GELSHIFT--????λ?? ??RFLP??RAPD???????????????? ??Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay(EMSA) ??Screening lambda cDNA or genomic libraries ??SCREENING A LAMBDA BACTERIOPHAGE GENOMIC LIBRARY WITH A DNA PROBE ??IMMUNOSCREENING OF LAMBDA-GT11 BACTERIOPHAGE LIBRARIES WITH ANTIBODY PROBES ??BENTON DAVIS BLOTS ??BAC DNA Isolation with AutoGen 740 ??cDNA Production ??????BAC???--Construction of BAC Library ??free shotgun sequencing library from miniprep BAC DNA ??Overgo Probing of High-Density Filters ??BAC End-Sequencing ??BAC DNA Isolation from 200 ml Cultures by a Cleared Lysate Method ?????BAC DNA Isolation ??Growing up of BAC clones ??Cosmid Library ??Sequencing of BAC DNA--BAC DNA???? ??Preparation of BAC DNA with by Alkaline Prep Method ?????BAC??DNA ??Shotgun Library ??????????? ??Labeling oligonucleotides with 32P ATP ??Oligonucleotide Purification ??Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay--?????????? ??Filter Binding Assay for EBNA-1 ??Filter binding assay??顢???????? ??DnaseI Footprinting ??????о????? ??????????? ??????????????DNA?????????? ??CGH Protocols ??Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) ??Nick Translation of DNA for CGH ??Nick Translation for CGH ??Metaphase chromosome preparation ??RFLP??RAPD???? ??DNA fingerprinting ??FINGERPRINTING PROTOCOL (AGAROSE GEL) ??HIGH RESOLUTION GENETIC FOOTPRINTING ??RLGS protocol ??Microsatellite Isolation ??Chemilumine scent AFLP ?????????????????????????????Whole-Genome and& ????з?????? ????????似???????????????????? ??Preparation of Nested Deletions ??QuikChange (Stratagene) ??Mutagenesis by PCR ??EXO/S1 DELETION SERIES ??DpnI mediated site-directed Mutagenesis ??Erase-a-Base® System ??Creating a deletion by PCR spli ??In vitro site-specific mutagenesis ??Pyrosequencing DNA?????????????????о??????? ??DNA methylation ??Methylated CpG Island Amplification ??Methylation-Specific PCR ??Bisulfite Treatment of DNA ??DNA-Methyltransferase Assay ??Bisulfite Modification of DNA ??Footprinting Analysis ??Footprinting ??Preparation of G+A Marker ??DNaseI Footprintint ??DNase I Footprinting ??Footprinting ??EMSA using ds Oligonucleotides ??Gel Shift Assay Systems ??BAND-SHIFT ??Super Shift Analysis ??Gel Mobility Shift Analysis ??RFLP??????? ??Promoter analysis by saturation muta ??In Vivo Footprinting ??CIP Treatment ??DEPHOSPHORYLATION OF LINEARIZED DNA ??De-phosphorylation of DNA ??Phosphatase treatment of DNA fragmen ??Random Primer DNA Labeling ??Random Primer DNA labeling ??Spin Column chromatography ??Labeling oligonucleotides with 32P A ??Kinase end-labeling of DNA ??Fill-in Labeling of DNA Fragments ??Oligonucleotide Purification ??DNA labeling by nick translation ??Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ??Genomic DNA Labeling Protocol ??Oligonucleotide Visualization ??UV Quantitation of DNA ??Removal of 32P-ATP from Oligonucleoi ??ROX Standard ??General Design Guidelines ??PCR??????????????? ??Perlegen Assay Design Protocol ??Genotyping using Affymetrix arrays ??Genotyping Assay Design for Single Base Extention and FP-TDI Detection ??Design of the Invader Genotyping Assay ??HapMap assay-design protocols ??Assay Design for MIP Genotyping ?????????????????????弼?? ???????????? ??????????弼?? ??????????о???? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??PCR?????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ??????????(PCR)???????????????? ?????/????/??????ó?????Ч???????? ???????èD?D?????????????????? ???????????????????????????2?????????Ｐ????о?????????? ??????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????? ?????о???????????????????????????? ??PCR??????? ?????????????????????????---CopyControl??????? ????????????? ??125I??????????弼?? ??PCR/RT-PCR???---PCR??????(10) ??????????????? ??????????funetional cloning?? ?????????????????? ??????????壨monoclonal antibody?? ?????????? ????????????λ??????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????弼?????????? ?????????????????? ??????????弼????????? ??????????弼????? ???????????????Molecular Cloning 3?? ?????????????????????弼?? ????????????????????? ??????????壨McAb?????????????忹????????? ??????????弼?? ???????????????????????? ??????????弼?????????? ???????????????? ????????????(PCR)???????????????? ????Ч?????????С????е???????? ???????????(McAb)???????????? ?????й?????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????壨McAb?????????????忹????????? ??????????弼??-???????? ??????????弼??-????????? ??????????弼??-???? ?????????????-??鷽?? ??????DNA??????????????????? ?????????????-??鷽?? ?????????????н?????????ε??? ??????????弼????????????????? ?????????? ??????????弼????????????????? ?????λ???????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????弼???????????? ??PCR???????????PCR?????????? ???????????ü??? ??????????弼?????????????????? ??????????? ??????????弼??-????????? ??????????弼??????? ??????????弼????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ????????????? ??RFLP??RAPD???? ??RFLP??RAPD???????????????? ??Science???????-2007??01??12?? ??Yeast boiling DNA miniprep ??LiAc/SS-DNA/PEG TRANSFORMATION ??Salmon Sperm DNA (10mg/ml) ??SDS-PAGE--??????????? ??ISOLATION OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT YEAST DNA ??Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ??DNA FRAGMENT PURIFICATION W/ GLASS WOOL ??DNA Recovery With Low Melt Agarose ??DNA SEQUENCING (SANGER) ??Plasmid Sequencing ??Single Strand DNA Prep. for Sequencing ??PREPARATION OF PLASMID DNA FOR SEQUENCING ??DNA sequencing (dye terminator) ??Chemical Sequencing of DNA ??SEQUENCING GELS ??RADIOLABELING OF PROBES FOR ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY SHIFT ASSAYS ??western blotting???Щ??????? ????????????????????÷??? ??Small Scale GSTTag Purification Under Nature Conditions ??lution of GSTFusion Protein from Glutathione Agarose ??GST????????????? Purification of GST Fused Proteins ??Purification of GSTfusion protein ?????GST??????????? GST Fusion Protein Purification from Yeast ??Purification Scheme for Ubiquitin Expression Lysate ??GSP?????????? GST Fusion Protein Prep ??Protein Purification ??Affinity chromatography (with HIStagged proteins) ??Protein Dialysis ??PROTEASE INHIBITORS ???????????????? Protease Inhibitors ??Preparation of Brain Cytosol ??Homemade Taq Polymerase Purification ??troponin??????? Protein purification: troponins ??ICAM1???? Purification of ICAM1 ??Protein purification: skeletal muscle myosin ??Protein purification: tropomyosin ??CD2????? Purification of CD2 ??Protein purification; actin ??Purification of Ncd Motor Domain Protein ??Purification of KHC Motor Domain Protein ??Purification of Kar3 Motor Domain Protein ??Native purification of Histagged Proteins from Sf9 cells ??Small scale HisTag fusion protein purification under denaturative conditions ??Purification of Histagged TfR ??Purification of Histagged proteins ??Purification of Histagged protein ??Histag protein purification using NiNTA magnetic beads ???????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????鵰?????????????? ???????????????????????о???? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????(Layeranalise technique) ????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??Tips for acid elution of peptides ??PIPLC Purification ??Preparation of Dialysis Tubing ??Cold Immunoprecipitations ??Preparation of Modifed Radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) Buffer ??Immunoprecipitation of metabolically labeled cells ??Immunoprecipitation and Immune Complex kinase assayaccording to Tamara Hurley ??Glycolipid Binding Assay ??COIMMUNOPRECIPITATION ANALYSIS OF PROTEINPROTEIN INTERACTIONS ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??Antibody Precipitation with Protein A or G ??ANALYSIS OF PROTEINS BY IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ??Metabolic labeling & Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation of Proteins ??Immunoprecipitation ??WESTERN PROTOCOL ??Western Blot Protocols ??Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot ??Troubleshooting Tips for Western Immunoblotting ??Western Blotting ??Western Immunoblotting of Proteins ??Too many bands on a Western blot ??Stripping Western Membranes ??Western Blotting Using the SemiPhor SemiDry Transfer Unit ??Far Western Protocol ??FarWestern Blotting ??Western Blotting with Monoclonal Antibodies ??western blotting??????? ??Western Blotting with Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugates ??Western Blotting with Biotinylated Antibodies ??Western Blotting with Alkaline Phosphatase Conjugates ??WESTERN BLOTTING USING CHEMILUMINESCENCE ??Western Blot ??Western Blots ??Cell Lysates For Western Blotting ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ??Large scale nuclear extract preparation ??rat liver cytosol preperation ??Preparation of Affinity Column ??DEAE column: FPLC ??DEAE Column ??Whole Cell Extracts Preparation ??Preparation of Protein Extracts for 2D Gel Analysis ??Sonication of Bacteria ??Solubilization and renaturation of proteins from inclusion bodies ??Preparation of cell lysates from yeast using glass beads vortexing ??Preparation of cell lysates from yeast using a French Press ??Preparation of cell lysates from yeast by enzymatic digestion of the cell wall ??Preparation of cell lysates from E. coli using a French Press ??Preparation of cell lysates from E. coli by sonication ??Preparation of cell lysates from E. coli by enzymatic lysis ??Preparation of Cell Lysate ??Bacterial Protein Extraction mini scale Sonication ??Bacterial Protein Extraction (miniscale) Using BPer ??????????????????? ????????????? ??Sucrose Density Gradient Fractionation of Yeast Membranes ??Cajal Body Isolation Protocol ??Chromatin Isolation by smallscale biochemical Fractionation ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??Preparation of Brain Membrane Fractions for Western Blot Analysis ??PURIFICATION OF FCRN MUTANTS ON THE 1G3 COLUMN ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Protein Purification: Assays, Specific Activity, Initial Fractionation ??Analysis of total E. coli protein by SDS PAGE ??Preparation of active proteins from inclusion bodies. ??Isolation of Protein from Tissue ??Nuclear Extract Preparation ??TCA protein precipitation ??Protein Precipitation Protocols ??Preparation of Nuclear Extracts for Gel Shifts and Westerns Blots ???????????о??? ??Preparation of nuclear extract and cytoplasmic extract ?????????鼼?????о???? ????????????о?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE???????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????FAQ ?????????????????? ??2D????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ??Twohybrid analysis of genetic regulatory networks ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??Protocol for Protein Extraction for proteomics ??Silver Staining Protocol ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??Quick Shotgun Cloning of Phage Inserts ??PJB??s hints for subcloning ??Subtractive Cloning ??Clone Genes From a Phage Library ??Lances Subcloning procedures ??Bacterial Colony PCR ??Transformation of E. coli ??Transformation of Competent Cells ??TRANSFORMATION (ONESTEP PEG METHOD) ??pGL3 Luciferase Reporter Vectors ??Largescale yeast transformation ??The magic E. coli transformation protocol ??Long Term Storage of Transformed E.coli ??Chemical transformation ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????DNA????????????????? ????Ч???????????? ??Recipe for yeast tryptone medium ??Competent cells, calcium chloride method, E. coli, description ??Rubidium Chloride method for Transformation Competent E. coli ??Transformation UltraCompetent E. coli ??FROZEN COMPETENT E. COLI CELLS ??Cool growth competent E . coli ??How to Make Competent Cells ??Preparation of Electrocompetent Cells and Electroporation of E. coli ??Preparation of Electrocompetent Cells and Electroporation of Plasmid DNA ??Electroporation of P. aeruginosa ??Stable Transfection (Electroporation) ??Transformation of E. coli by Electroporation ??Standard Ligation ??Selfcircularization of Linear DNA ??Protocol for Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) Precipitation ??Removal of Unincorporated dNTPs by Spin Columns ??Incorporation of DigoxigenindUTP into DNA Using Random Priming ??Random Primer DNA labeling ??DNA probes are prepared using a modification of the method of Feinberg and Vogel ??Spin Column chromatography ??Checking the Activity of Incorporated DigoxigenindUTP ??RADIOLABELING OF PROBES FOR ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY SHIFT ASSAYS ??Labeling oligonucleotides with 32P ATP ??Kinase endlabeling of DNA ??Fillin Labeling of DNA Fragments ??Genomic DNA Labeling Protocol ??Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ?????DNA????п????? ??DNA labeling by nick translation ??Incorporation of DigoxigenindUTP into DNA Using Nick Translation ??DNA??? ??DNA???????????????????? ??Preparation of bluntend DNA fragments ??Thermal Inactivation ??Restriction Digests of Genomic DNA ??DNA Sequential Digestion ??Restriction Enzyme Buffer ??Restriction Enzyme Digestion of DNA ??DNA Partial Digestion ??Restriction Digest ??Restriction Digestion of DNA ??Restriction digestion ??Partial Endonuclease Digestion ???????????? ??Protocols for ET recombination. ??Screening Colonies by Hybridization with Radiolabeled Probe ??Colony Cracking: Quick Test for Inserts in Plasmids ??PCR from bacterial colonies ??TA???????????????????????? ??PCR?????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ??T/A Cloning ??Construction of homemade Tvectors ??TOPO TA Cloning ??TA Cloning ??24h Subcloning Protocol ??Easy Subcloning ??Subcloning Tips very important heating step ??CLONING FROM LOW MELT AGAROSE ??Vector systems for cloning different sizes of DNA fragments ??Random subclone generation ??mRNA?????? ?????Km??????? ?????·????????RNA???? ??RNA??????? ??E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol for Spotted Microarray ??Reverse Transcription and aaUTP Labeling of RNA ??DigoxigeninUTP RNA labeling ??Phenol Extraction of rRNA (Rat liver) ??Sucrose Density Fractionation ??Spectrophotometric Analysis of rRNA ??Nucleotide Composition of RNA ??Orcinol Determination of RNA ??RNA Conversions ??mRNA Purification ??Membrane Bound Polysome Isolation ??PolyATtract® mRNA Isolation Systems ??Human Tumor mRNA Isolation ??Purification of poly(A)+ RNA from total RNA ??Concentrating poly(A)+ mRNA ??Methods to Remove DNA Contamination from RNA Samples ??DNase Treatment ??How to prepare Molecular Biology grade glycogen ??AgaroseFormaldehyde Electrophoresis ??RNA Electrophoresis ????????RNA?????????? ??????????mRNA?????鷽?? ??????????mRNA??????? ??mRNA????????? ??RNA???????cDNA??????????鷽?? ??RNA?????鷽?????? ????RNA????? ??????RNA?????鷽????protocol?? ??Isolation of total cellular RNA from brain tissue ??C.elegans TOTAL RNA PREP ??Isolation of RNA from Difficult Tissues ??Total RNA Isolation ??LiCl RNA Preparation (Ambros Lab) ??Increasing Your RNA Recovery During Tissue or Cell Extraction ??C. elegans RNA prep ??Acidguanidinium thiocyanatephenolchloroform RNA purification ??Arabidopsis RNA extraction protocol ??DROSOPHILA RNA PREP ??5 RACE for EST Production ??3RACE PCR ??Northern Blot??鷽?? ??RNA/Zeta Probe Dot Blotting protocol ??The Neverfail Northern Blot Hybridization ??Prehyb/hyb for Radioactive Probes ??Preparation of Poly A+ RNA and Northern Analysis ??Northern Blots ??Northern Blot ??Northerns ??Northern Blotting ??Northern Blot: Glyoxal/DMSO ??Northern Hybridization of RNA Fractionated by Agaroseformaldehyde Gel ??Nonradioactive Probes ??Transcription of cRNA probe ??RunOn Transcription ??Polymerase III in vitro Transcription ??In vitro transcription with yeast nuclear extract ??In vitro transcription reaction ??In Vitro Transcription Assay (Runoff Assay) using Permeabilized Cells ??in vitro Transcription ??Riboprobe® in vitro Transcription Systems ??In vitro RNA synthesis from plasmidborne sequences under the control of T phage ??ESTs from Phage Plaques ??96well RNA In Situ Hybridization Protocol ??Protocol for Firststrand cDNA Synthesis ??Natural History Museum Protocol for EST sequencing from lambda zap phage plaques ??Universal RiboClone® cDNA Synthesis System ??cDNA Synthesis from MOLT4 Cells ??Primer Extension analysis of total yeast RNA ??Primer Extension System AMV Reverse Transcriptase ??S1 Nuclease Protection Assay ??S1 analysis of yeast mRNA using oligonucleotide probes ??Ribonuclease Protection Assay ??RNase Protection Assay ??siRNA Database and Design Tools ??The Easiest Route to Guaranteed Silencing ??siRNAs???????о????????? ??Isolate It All??siRNA • miRNA • Total RNA • Native Protein ??Generate siRNA Populations with Dicer ?????RNAi????????????? ??RNA interference protocol ??What is your Protocol for RNAi on Cell Cultures? ??How do you synthesize your dsRNA? ??siRNA?????? ??siRNA Design ??Rules of siRNA design for RNA interference (RNAi) ??????RNA interference??RNAi?? ??RNAi??????????????? ??RNAi?????? ??RNAi????? ??siRNA????????????? ??siRNA???????? ??siRNA?????? ??RNAi????pSIRENDNR Vector ??miRNA??siRNA????鷽??[???] ????С??????п??miRNA??鷽?? ??siRNA?????? ?????RNAi????????????RNA?????dsRNA)???? ??RNAi??????????RNA??dsRNA????????? ??siRNA??鷽????? ??RNAi?????siRNAs????? ?????鶯??????н???RNA????:???????????siRNAЧ? ???????????????RNAi??????????? ??RNA??????????????? ??MicroRNA and siRNA Cloning Protocol ??RNAi???FLASH??? ??RNA????????? ??RNA?????е??????? ??Injection DNA Preparation ??Preparation of solutions and equipment for isolation of RNA (Practical ??Water Treatment with DEPC and other material treatment ??Practical Tips for Handling RNA ??Water Treatment with DEPC ??The Basics: RNase Control ??Solublization of RNA in Formamide ??A Detailed Procedure for RNase Activity Staining on SDSPAGE ??Decontamination and inhibition of ribonucleases ??How to Maintain an RNasefree Lab ??SOUTHERN BLOT????? ????з??????? ????????????? ??????????DNA????? ??????pbgalBasic??? ??????pbgalControl??? ??pEGFPN2??????????? ??????pLPEGFPC1??? ??pEGFPN1??????????? ??pEGFPC2??????????? ??pEGFPC1??????????? ??Southern??? ???????????????????λ????黯???? ??RAPD??????? ??Preparation of nucleic acid probes ??Nucleic acid hybridization assays using cloned DNA probes to screen uncloned nuc ??Principles of nucleic acid hybridization ??Nucleic acid hybridization assays using cloned target DNA, and microarray hybrid ??Band Shift Assay ??Promoter analysis by saturation mutagenesis ??RFLP??????? ??Gel Mobility Shift Analysis ??LigationMediated PCR for Genomic Sequencing & Footprinting ??Super Shift Analysis ??Genomic DNA Isolation for In Vivo Footprinting ??Footprinting Analysis ??DNaseI Footprintint ??Footprinting ??DNase I Footprinting ??Preparation of EndLabeled DNA Probes by Conventional Kinase for DNA Footprinting ??In Vivo Footprinting ??Introduction to the EMSA (Gel Shift) Technique ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay Conditions Mg/EDTA in Gel and Buffer ??Gel Shift Assay Systems ??EMSA using ds Oligonucleotides ??BANDSHIFT ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay for transcription factor binding ??Phosphatase treatment of DNA fragments ??Dephosphorylation of DNA ??Phosphatasing with Shrimp Alkaline Phosphatase (S.A.P.) ??DEPHOSPHORYLATION OF LINEARIZED DNA ??CIP Treatment ??DNA?????? ??DNA????????1 DNA Ligation ??DNA????????г???????(??? ??DNA????????2 DNA Ligation ??Addition of linkers_adaptors to bluntend DNA fragments ??Removal of excess linkers_adapters ??Linker Ligation ??Cohesive End Ligation ??DNA extraction and precipitation ??DNA Preparation from Lymphoblastoid Cells ??Extraction of genomic DNA from whole blood ??DNA From Whole Blood for PCR ??DNA Extraction ??Rapid Method for Preparation of Genomic DNA from P. aeruginosa ??Preparation of Sonicated Salmon Sperm DNA ??DNA Extraction Methods ??Chromosomal DNA Extraction from Grampositive Bacteria ??TritonPrep Method for bacterial DNA Purification ??How to Extract DNA from Anything Living ??Preparation of Genomic DNA from Bacteria using Phase Lock GelTM ??DNA Extraction from Cheek Cells ??DNA EXTRACTION FROM MICRODISSECTED PARAFFIN SECTIONS ??PROTOCOL TO EXTRACT DNA FROM PARAFFIN BLOCKS ??DNA Extraction from Archival Formalinfixed, Paraffinembedded Tissue Sections ??DNA Preparation from Fresh_Frozen Tissue ??DNA Extraction from Ancient Tissue ??DNA Preparation from Cell Lines ??DNA Preparation from Adherent Cells ??Tail Preps: DNA Isolation From Mouse Tails Without Phenol ??Preparation of Mouse Tail DNA for Dot Blots or PCR ??DNA from Tail Biopsies ??Isolation of DNA from Mouse Tail Biopsies ??Simplified DNA Extraction from Cell or Tissue ??Phenol/chloroform Extraction of DNA ??Genomic DNA Quickprep for PCR ??DNA ISOLATION FROM PRIMARY TUMORS VIA CRYOSECTIONS ??ES CELL DNA EXTRACTION: TUBE METHOD ??BUCCAL CELL DNA PREPS ??DNA Preparation from Blood ??????DNA??RNA???????????? ???????????????????DNA?????????? ?????????????????????DNA????? ????????? ??????DNA????? ??Quantification and Quality ??Genomic DNA extraction ??DNA Extraction from Paraffin Sections ??DNA Extraction Protocols Using Silica ??DNA extraction using the sap extractor ??Phenol/Chloroform Precipitation of DNA ??Silica Cleanup of DNA ??MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ISOLATION ??Plant Total DNA Isolation ??Streamlined DNA Extraction Protocol ??Genomic DNA Extraction for Mapping ??CTAB TECHNIQUE / Method / Schedule / Protocol (JPB) FOR DNA ISOLATION / DNA EXTR ??DNA and RNA EXTRACTIONS ??A quick method to isolate plant genomic DNA. ??Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) Plant DNA Extraction ??A rapid alkaline extraction method for the isolation of plasmid ??Diatomaceous Earthbased Midiprep ??Extrachromosomal elements, plasmids, selectable markers ??Quick DNA Plasmid Prep ??Smash and Grab Recovery of Plasmids ??Quick DNA Plasmid Prep. ??Preparing Overnight Bacterial Culture ??Plasmid Quickpreps ??Plasmid preparation without overnight culutre ??Diatomaceous Earthbased *and* nonDiatomaceous Earthbased Miniprep ??Plasmid DNA minipreps ??Plasmid DNA Isolation from Bacteria ??PEG Preparation of Plasmid DNA ??MINI PREP BY BOILING ??Purification of plasmid DNA (miniprep) with high yields using diatomaceous earth ??DNA Plasmid Prep. ??Boiling lysis miniprep ??Miniprep ??DNA Plasmid Miniprep Protocol ??Isolation Of Cosmid, Plasmid and P1 DNAs via Diatomaceous Earthbased Maxi, Midi ??Isolating DNA Fragments ??Phenolbased Method for the Isolation of DNA Fragments from LowMelting Temperatur ??Rapid elution of DNA from agarose gels ??DNA Fragment Purification ??Alternate Method for Purifying DNA from Agarose Gels ??Recovering DNA from agarose gels ??Oligonucleotide Purification ??Isolation of DNA from Acrylamide Gels ??Electroelution of nucleic acids from agarose and polyacrylamide gel slides. ??DNA Fragment Purification from Agarose or Acrylamide ??DNA extraction from Mutation Detection Enhancement (MDE) Gel Stained with Silver ???????????????(SSH)?????????????? ??MinElute DNA???????? ??DNA Purification and Precipitation ??Sephadex G50 spun column purification ??Preparation of linear polyacrylamide used as carrier in ethanol precipitation of ??Improved Alcohol Precipitation of DNA ??NH4Ac and EtOH precipitation of DNA ??Dialysis (using dialysis tubing) ??Deproteination using phenol/chloroform ??Ethanol Precipitation of DNA ??DNA Precipitation ??Electroelution of DNA from Agarose Gel ??Recovery of DNA from LMP (Low Melting Point) Agarose Gel ??An inexpensive alternative to glassmilk for DNA purification ??DNA Purification from Gels ??DNA Purification from Agarose Gels ??Isolation of DNA from Agarose Gels (Paper Slurry Method) ??GeneKleen protocol ??ISOLATION OF DNA FROM AGAROSE GELS WITH DEAE PAPER ??Recommended Storage Conditions ??Desalting Oligonucleotides by Gel Filtration ??Desalting Oligonucleotides by Ethanol Precipitation ??Desalting Oligonucleotides by Butanol Extraction ??Protocol for Annealing Oligonucleotides ??Oligo Storage and Handling ??Methods for DNA sequencing ??DNA???в????? ??NO WEDGE Sequencing Gels ?????????λ?????DNA???в????? ??DNA Sequencing Gels ??PREPARATION OF SEQUENCING GELS ????η???DNA?????? ??Template Preparation ??Preparation of DNA Template For Direct Sequencing of Large Insert PAC and BAC Pl ??Cycle Sequence Reactions For Large Insert Plasmid Templates ??Cycle Sequencing Protocol Using 33PRadiolabeled Terminators ??Cycle Sequencing Protocol Using 33PRadiolabeled dITP Terminators ??DNA SEQUENCING REACTIONS ??DNA Sequencing ??Chemical Sequencing of DNA ??Preparation of G+A Marker ??MaxamGilbert Sequencing ????????似???????????????????? ??Dut_ung in vitro Sitedirected Mutagenesis ??Targeted Amplification of Mutant Strand (TAMS) technology for site directed muta ??Altered Sites® II in vitro Mutagenesis Systems ??Site Directed Mutagenesis (Kunkel Method) ??Preparation of Nested Deletions ??QuikChange (Stratagene) ??Mutagenesis by PCR ??In vitro Mutagenesis with dut ung single stranded DNA ??EXO/S1 DELETION SERIES ??DpnI mediated sitedirected Mutagenesis ??EraseaBase® System ??In vitro sitespecific mutagenesis ??Creating a deletion by PCR splicing ??Generation of unidirectional nested deletions in plasmid DNA ??Pyrosequencing DNA?????????????????о????????? ??DNA methylation ??Methylation analyis using restriction enzyme digestion ??DNAMethyltransferase Assay ??In situ immunodetection of 5methylcytosine (5mC) on squashed cells using antimet ??Bisulfite Modification of DNA ??DNA Plasmid Maxiprep Protocol ??CsCl Prep of Plasmid DNA ??Large scale doublestranded DNA isolation ??Purification of Plasmid from 50 mlculture ?????????????? ??Screening of recombinants ??Transient transfection into 293T cells ??Selection of Transfected Suspension Cells ??Procedure for Transfection of Mammalian Cells ??CaPO4 Transfection for Chromaffin Cells ??Calcium Phosphate Transfection of Neurons in Primary Culture ???????????????? ???紩??????????????????е???? ??????紩??????? ?????????????????????? ??Transient Transfection of Cos1 Cells ??OUTLINE OF PROCEEDINGS USED IN TISSUE CULTURE TRANSFECTIONS ??Stable Transfection ??Generation of recombinant baculoviruses by cotransfection ??Calcium Phosphate Transfection ??Calcium Chloride Transfection ??Generating stable cell lines in HEK293 ??Establishment of Stable Transfectant of CHO Lec Cells ??CAT ASSAY[TLC METHOD] ??CAT ASSAY (liquid phase) ??CAT Enzyme Assay System With Reporter Lysis Buffer ??CAT Assay ????Galactosidase Enzyme Assay System with Reporter Lysis Buffer ??bGalactosidase Activity Assay ??Assay for ßgalactosidase in E. Coli ??Southern ??????? ??Method for SingleCell Electroporation ??Southern ????????? ??Southern Blotting onto NonCharged Membranes ??Removal of Probe for ReUse of Membranes ??Tail Chop Southern Protocol ??Hybridization and Detection of DigLabeled Probes ??Standard hybridization technique ??Southern Analysis ??Southern Hybridization Protocols ??Southern Blotting ??Analysis of Genomic DNA by Southern Hybridization ??Analys of Genomic DNA by Southern Hybridization (Southern Blot) ??Southern Blotting: DNA Transfer ??How should I prime my cDNA? ??UV Shadowing ??Oligonucleotide Visualization ??UV Quantitation of DNA ??How to Calculate the Melting Temperature of Oligonucleotides ??Removal of 32PATP from Oligonucleoides ??Oligo Concentration by Butanol Extraction ??Oligonucleotide Purification to Remove Trityl Group ??Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Oligonucleotides ??ROX Standard ??General Design Guidelines ??ELISA?г?????????????? ???????????飨gel diffusion test?? ?????ELISA???????? ??Protein G Purification of Antibodies ??Protein A Purification of Antibody ??????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??????????弼?? ????????????????? ???????γ??? ????????????????????? ??Purification of Antiserum or Ascites by Protein A/G Chromatography ??Purification of mAb (IgG) ??Coupling Antibodies to Protein A or G ??AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF ANTIFCRN ANTIBODIES ON THE FCRN COLUMN ??ANTIBODY PURIFICATION ON THE PROTEIN G COLUMN ??Antibody Purification ??AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF ANTIBODIES ??Purification of human mononuclear cells and neutrophils ??Phagocytosis ??peritoneal macrophage preparation ??macrophage dichloromethylene diphosphonate) ??Enrichment of PBMCs with monocytes ??erythrophagocytosis assay ??T and B cell Isolation ???????黯???????е???????? ???????黯???????д??????????????????? ???????黯???????????? ???????黯??????? ???????黯????????? ???????黯??????????????????????? ???????黯???????????????????? ?????????????黯?????? ??Histochemical assays for plant sections ??AntiHA Immunocytology ??Immunofluorescence ??Fluorochrome Absorption and Emission Spectra ??FLUORESCENT STAINING OF CELLS ??Labeling Muscle Actin with 5iodoacetamidofluorescein ??Double immunofluorescence staining for BCL6 and else. ??BrdU incorporation assay ??Antibody cleanup ??A semipermanent mounting medium for immunofluorescence microscopy ????????????濹?????CD????????(CD1CD247) ?????嶯??????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??Progesterone receptor_BrdU double Immunofluorescence ??Immunofluorescence of Cells ??General Immunofluorescence Protocol ??Vital Staining of Chromosomes with Hoechst 33258 ??Staining for total receptors ??STAINING NONFILAMENTOUS ACTIN WITH VITAMIND BINDING PROTEIN ??Staining for Surface Receptors ??Preparing a cell block from cell lines / cell suspensions. ??Preparation of cytospin from single cell suspension. ??Fluorescence Mounting Medium (Antifade) ??Largescale Immunocytology ??Immunofluroescence Technique ??Making Boiled Donkey (or whatever) Serum (BDS) for Blocking ??Yeast IF without Dehydration ??Yeast IF with Methanol/Acetone Dehydration ???????????????鼼?? ???????????????????е???? ??????????????????? ???????????????????Щ???? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????崿?? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????????? ??Immunofluorescence on ultrathin resin sections ??Silver Enhancement of Colloidal Gold ??Preparing Colloidal Gold for Electron Microscopy ??Immunocytochemistry: Common problems and some answers. ??Introduction to Immunocytochemistry ??Immunostaining of Cells Adherent to Coverslips ??Immunostaining Protocol ??Immunohistochemistry: Fluorescence Protocol 2.0 ??Immunocytochemistry ??IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PROLIFERATING CELLS IN VASCULAR TISSUE (ANT ??IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PROLIFERATING CELLS IN VASCULAR TISSUE (ANT ??Embedding in Resins for Immunocytochemistry ??Freeze Substitution ??Fixation with Glutaraldehyde ??FIXATION WITH FORMALDEHYDEACETONE ??PREPARATION OF ANTIBLEACHING MOUNTING MEDIUM ???λ????????????? ??serotec??????鷽?? ??Sandwich ELISA ??Sandwich ELISA Protocol ??ELISA ??ELISA????? ???????????????飨ELISA????????? ??ELISA??????????? ??ELISA???????? ??ELISA??????????????? ??ELISA???????????????? ??ELISA????䴙????????????? ?????ELISA????Ч??????????????????????? ??Peptide Inhibition ELISA Protocol ??Periodate Treatment of Fixed Cell Plates ??Live Cell ELISA Protocol ??Indirect ELISA ??Gangliosides ELISA protocol ??ELISA with Platelet ??ELISA Inhibition Assay ??ELISA (EnzymeLinked ImmunoadSorbent Assay) ??COMPETITION ELISA ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??Competitive ELISA ??SANDWICH ELISA FOR DETECTING SECRETED ICAM1 ??GTP??Sinduced Inhibition of Binding ??CHAPS Insoluble Floating Fraction Preparation ??Ammonium Sulfate Binding Assay for Cells ??Needle Assay for Chemotaxis ??TransWell Chemotaxis ??????????? ??????????????????? ??General Fusion Protocol ??Fusion of Mouse, Rat, or Hamster Cell ??Recipies for Cell Fusion ??Protocol for Cell Fusion ??Fusion is an important procedure to produce monoclonal antibodies (MoAb). ??Tips and hints for the storage of antibodies ??Monoclonal Antibody Production ??Fusion and Cloning ??Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies ??The production of monoclonal antibody by hybridoma ??Biotinylation of Antibody ??Antibody Labeling ??Peroxidase Conjugation by Periodate Method ??Antibody Storage and Handling ??Conjugation of Antibody to HRP ??HRP?????????? ??125I??????????弼?? ???????????弼?? ?????????????????????弼?? ????????? ??DotIGSS?????????忹?? ????????????(Immune colloidal gold technique) ?????????????(Precipitation reaction technique) ??introduction to antibody ??Single Cell Cloning by Serial Dilution ??Monoclonal Antibody Screening by Direct ELISA ??Antigen Design & Sera Purification Tech Sheet ??Testing Rabbit Bleeds By Elisa ??Purification Of Anti Peptide Antibody ??Preparation Of PeptideKLH Conjugates For Immunization ??Making antibodies to synthetic peptides ??How Do I make an Antibody against a Peptides ??GSTfusion protein injection into rabbits ??Coupling Peptides To Resin For Affinity Purification ??Polyclonal Antibody Production ??Protocol for Limiting Dilutions ??Cloning by Limiting Dilution of Hybridoma ??Immunization Protocol for Monoclonal Antibody Production ??Culturing Worms ??Cleaning Worm Stocks ??Injection of C. elegans ??RNAisolation (TRIZOL method) ??Lineaging of C. elegans Embryos ??Lethal phase determination ??Integrating extrachromasomal arrays ??Growing worms in liquid ??Integrating extrachromasomal arrays into the C. elegans chromosomes ??Gene Knockout with Conventional Mutagens ??Freezing Worms ??Worm PCR ??low frequency table ??Worm genomic Southern blots ??N2 development times at different temperatures ??Synchronizing Worm Cultures ??snipSNP mapping with CB4856 polymorphisms ??Liquid culture of worms ??Single Worm PCR ??LIQUID CULTURE OF WORMS WITH FERMENTOR ??Making Dauers with dauer pheromone ??Generating males by heat shock ??Microinjecting worms ??Nematode Genomic DNA Isolation ??PCR on Worms ??EM Fixation of Embryos ??Worm Injections ??Fixation and permeabilization protocol 5/30/91 Mike Finney ??Fixation and Staining Parameters ??EMS mutagenesis ??Dye Filling to Stain Amphid and Phasmid Neurons ??Double dye filling (using DiO and di4 ANEPPS) ??RUVKUN Antibody Staining Protocol revised 10/29/90 ??C. elegans whole mount immunohistochemistry with Bouins Fixative ??DAPI Staining ??Antibody Staining of Dissected Gonads ??Yale RNA prep ??Joes mRNA prep ??Genomic DNA prep ??Embryo Buffers ??Staining C. elegans for ßgalactosidase ??Phalloidin Staining worms ??PAR1 Staining Procedure ??Sos Protocol ??FreezeCrack P granule Staining Protocol ??Nematode dye filling ??MMS integration ??CONVENTIONAL TWO STEP FIXATION [See D.H. Hall, 1995] ??FREEZECRACK bGALACTOSIDASE STAINING PROTOCOL ??Wholemount in situ hybridization for the detection of RNA in C. elegans embryos ??Gentle hypochlorite treatment ??Gonad Fixation ??Gonad Dissections ??Competent agro prep for electroporation ??Cell Suspension Culture of Arabidopsis ??Pollen Development in Anthers of Arabidopsis ??Oocyte isolation, maturation, enucleation and fractionation ??Oocyte transfer: Introduction ??oocyte isolation ??BLOCKiT RNAi Designer ??Rare Codons Search ??Sequence Cleaner (Nucleic Acid and Protein) ??PROTCALC Input Form ??SixFrame Translation ??TRANSLATOR Input Form ??Complementor ??CpGPlot/CpGReport/Isochore ??WWW Promoter Scan ??Sequence Utilities ??CpG Island Searcher ??Restriction enzyme digest of DNA ??WatCut: Cleave your DNA online, and create new cleavage sites in your oligos usi ??CUTTER Input Form ??PCR Box Titration Calculator ??Tm Determination ??PCR Optimization ??OLIGOCALC Input Form ??Oligo Calculator ??The PCR Suite ??MethPrimer Design Primers for Methylation PCRs ??Primer3 ??Real Time PCR Primer Sets ??PCR Primers For Gene Expression Detection or Quantification ??Rotor Calculations ??Speed of Rotation [krpm] to Relative Centrifuge Force [kg] ??Weight to Molar Quantity (for proteins) ??Weight to Molar Quantity (for nucleic acids) ??Radioactivity to Biological Amount of dNTPs ??Molar Quantity to Molar Concentration ??Nucleic and Amino Acids sequence tools ??DNA to Protein ??Capillary Electrophoresis Calculator ??Buffers for pH Control ??Buffer Calculator ??Spectrophotometric Measurement of Nucleic Acids Concentration ??Compound solutions ??HELPER PHAGE PREPARATION ??Singlestranded DNA preparation for sequencing ??Bacteriophage Plaque lifts ??M13 Phage ??Highthroughput preparation of M13 DNA ??Large scale M13RF isolation ??Singlestranded M13 DNA isolation using phenol ??ISOLATION OF SS DNA FROM BLUESCRIPT VECTORS USING HELPER PHAGE VCSM13 ??Preparation of Phage Lysates ??Lambda Phage DNA Quickprep ??Lambda DNA Preparation ??Phage DNA ??Preparing Lambda DNA ??Phage Titer ??Bacteriophage Preparation ??Preparation of phage particles from phage vectors ??RFLP??RAPD???? ??Metaphase chromosome preparation ??Nick Translation for CGH ??CGH of Biotin Labeled DNA vs Digoxigenin Labeled DNA ??Nick Translation of DNA for CGH ??CGH of DIRECT LABELED TEST DNA vs NORMAL DNA ??Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) ??CGH Protocols ?????????????????????????????WholeGenome and Custom FineTiling Array CGH?? ??Genetic variation in ABC transporter A1 contributes to HDL cholesterol in the ge ??Chemilumine scent AFLP ??PROTOCOLES MICROSATELLITES / MICROSATELLITE PROTOCOLS ??Microsatellite Isolation ??RLCS (Restriction Landmark cDNA Scanning) Protocol ??HIGH RESOLUTION GENETIC FOOTPRINTING ??DNA fingerprinting ??FINGERPRINTING PROTOCOL (AGAROSE GEL) ????????鷽??7: RFLP??RAPD???? ??DNA preparation from mouse tails ??AP Assay and FGF Binding ??Microinjection of fertilized oocytes to produce transgenic animals ??Mitotic chromosomes from mouse peripheral blood ??Gbanding for analysing mouse chromosomal rearrangements ??Embedding, sectioning and counterstaining of LacZ embryo ??Combined LacZ staining and in situ hybridization ??DETECTION OF ßGALACTOSIDASE AND ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITIES IN TISSUE ??Wholemount in situ hybridisation ??whole mount preparations ??Xgal staining of embryos ??Wholemount ImmunoflurescentWholemount Immunoflurescent ??Human Alkaline Phosphatase staining of transgenic embryo/tissue ??Preparation of Copy Standards for PCR Genotyping ??RNA Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization ??Tail DNA for PCR (No Organic Solvents) ??Mouse Tail (or organ) Biopsy DNA Extraction ??LacZcell Staining ??Genotyping Transgenic Rodents by PCR ???????С???????鷽????protocol) ??Electroporation into ES cells ??Blastocyst embryo transfer into pseudopregnant recipient female mouse ??Isolation of linearized plasmid DNA constructs for microinjection to produce tra ??Isolation of YAC DNA for microinjection to produce transgenic animals ??Isolation of linearized BAC DNA for microinjection to produce transgenic animals ??Isolation of genomic DNA from tail biopsies to check for transgenic founder anim ??Target Selection and Validation with Transgenic Targeting and In Vitro Embryonic ??Preparation of Transgene DNA for Microinjection ??DNA ultrapurification ??Microinjection DNA Purification ??Alkaline Lysis and CsCl Purification of BAC DNA for Transgenic Production. ??Sepharose 4BCL Chromatography BAC DNA Purification for Transgenic Production ??Purification of Gene Targeting Vector DNA for Electroporation ??Nucleobond Column BAC DNA Purification for Transgenic Mouse Production ??BAC DNA Purification for Transgenic Mouse Production??Microinjection Buffer ??Transgenic and Knockout Mice PROTOCOL ??Genomic DNA Miniprep ??Quick Yeast DNA Prep: Isolation of Total DNA (genomic and plasmid) ??Yeast Chromosomal DNA Prep ??Yeast Smash & Grab DNA Miniprep ??Rather Rapid Genomic Prep ??Plasmid isolation from yeast ??Yeast Genomic DNA Isolation ??DNA isolation from yeast ??Yeast Histone Prep ??Phenol/Freeze RNA Prep ??Yeast RNA Miniprep ??Pol III whole cell yeast extract (small scale) ??Rapid Yeast Protein Prep for SDS PAGE and Western ??Yeast mini whole cell extract using glass beads for western analysis ??Yeast Protein Isolation YaffeSchatz ??Sucrose Gradient Protocol ??Yeast Cell Lysates ??Whole Cell Extracts ??Preparation of Yeast Protein Extracts ??Yeast Prep for FACS ??High Efficency Yeast Plasmid Rescue ??Quick Preparation of Plasmid DNA from Yeast ??Yeast Miniprep ??Joel Hubermans DNA isolation procedure with modifications by Bonny Brewer ??Yeast Genomic DNA Prep ??Stratagene????????? ??The TRAFO Solutions ??YEAST TWOHYBRID SCREEN WITH LIBRARY AND BAIT ??EXAMINING THE FUNCTION OF PROTEINS AND PROTEIN NETWORKS WITH THE YEAST TWOHYBRID ??GST Fusion Protein Purification from Yeast ??GST Fusion Protein Prep ??Yeast Transformation (high efficiency) ??LiOAc YEAST TRANSFORMATIONa ??Yeast transformation using lithium acetate (rapid method) ??ElectroTransformation of Yeast ??Yeast Transformation Using Frozen Competent Cells and Singlestranded DNA as a Ca ??Yeast Transformation ??HIGH EFFICIENCY TRANSFORMATION ??SMALL Scale Transformation ??2 Hybrid System TRAFO Protocol ??Efficient Transformation of Yeast LiAc Method ??Typical transformation results ??Quick and Easy TRAFO Protocol ??Multiwell Transformation Protocol ??Frozen Yeast TRAFO Protocol ??PLATE Transformation ??High efficiency LiAc transformation ??Methods for use with the mTn3xHA/lacZmutagenized library ??mTn3xHA/GFP ??Betagalactosidase Reporter Gene Assay (Liquid Form) ??Methods for use with the mTn3xHA/GFPmutagenized library ??EMS Mutagenesis of Yeast ??Curing strains of endogenous 2micron plasmid ??Betagal Assay ??ß GAL Filter Assay ????????????????? ??Yeast Colony PCR ??Gene Disruption via PCR ??RhodaminePhalloidin/Calcofluor Staining ??Yeast Cell Cycle by Flow Cytometry ??Actin Capture Assay ??Vectorette PCR of Yeast DNA ??UV Mutagenesis ??Replication timing using transient hemimethylation ??Replication timing by density transfer ??Replication timing by comparative hybridization ??Mutagenizing a yeast gene with a minitransposon ??mTn3xHA/lacZ ??Quantitative Mating Assay ??mTnlacZ/LEU2 ??Methods for use with the mTnlacZ/LEU2mutagenized library ??mTn4xHA/lacZ ??Yeast Plates ??The YEAST MEDIA ??Solutions for Yeast Complete (YC) Media ??Solutions for Hartwells Complete (HC) Media ??Sporulation in Liquid Media ??YPD FILLED MICROTITER PLATES ??HC Dropout Plate ??Sporulation and Dissection of Yeast a/alpha Diploids ??Alternate Sporulation Method for BY4743 ??FEDEX Protocol ??Freezedown Guidelines ??Sporulation Method for BY4743.v1 ??Xgal Staining of Wholemount Drosophila Embryos ??ABC monoclonal antibody staining of dissected larval and adult CNS ??Dissection of Drosophila CNSs ??Staining using lipophilic fluorescent dyes ??Single and Double FISH protocols for Drosophila ??Labelling Drosophila pupae with BrdU ??A small repository of synaptic protein information ??Methods for storing the cells in liquid nitrogen ??SINGLEFLY DNA PREPS FOR PCR ??Routine methods for growing the cell lines ??Production of Conditioned Medium containing Wingless protein from S2 cells ??Hard Agar Medium for Egg Collection Plates ??Methods for the preparation of Fly Extract (FE1 and FE2). ??GENERAL MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS FOR IMAGINAL DISC CELL LINES ??Cuticle preparations ??Basic Methods of Culturing Drosophila ??How do you culture your Drosophila cells? ??Current Bloomington Recipe for Drosophila Medium ??Drosophila Media Recipes and Methods ??WHOLE MOUNT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION.Mouse Embryos. ??FREEZING WORM STOCKS ??Cleaning worms by floating on sucrose ??FreezeFracture for Immunofluorescence of Embryos ??Fermentor worm chow ??F2 Mutant Screen non clonal ??Mutagenesis of C. elegans ??Response to food assay ??Development of techniques for primary culture of C. elegans embryonic neurons ??Dauer Pheromone Prep ??A practical method for the preparation of total DNA from filamentous fungi ??Creation and Use of Infectious Virus Vector ??Small scale DNA preps for Neurospora crassa. ??Fast and reliable miniprep RNA extraction from Neurospora crassa ??A quick RNA miniprep for Neurospora mycelial cultures ??A novel method of growing fungi for DNA extraction ??An Ultrafast method of DNA extraction from Neurospora ??Fungal DNA Isolation ??A simple, rapid procedure for the isolation of DNA for PCR from Gibberella fujik ??A safe method of extracting DNA from Coccidioides immitis ??Transformation of Magnaporthe grisea to phosphinothricin resistance using the ba ??Fungal Genomic DNA Extraction ??Quick and reliable method to analyze meiotic segregation patterns in Coprinus ci ??Assessment of Magnaporthe grisea mating type by spore PCR ??Hints and precautions for the care, feeding and breeding of Neurospora ??The Fungal Genetics Stock Center Methods ??Preparation of Broth and Plates ??Preparation of Agar plates ??Plating in Top Agar ??Pouring Plates ??M9 Plate Supplementation Table ??Expression Protocol in M9 Minimal Media via T7 Promoter ??Agar Plates for Selection of Clones in Bacteria ??Streaking Bacteria for Single Colonies ??Replica Printing ??Lyophilizing Cells ??Growing Overnight Cultures ??Maintenance of Probes in bacteria including Escherichia coli ??Basic procedures for bacteria culture ??Bacteria Growth and Culture Bacteria Growth and Culture ??SMEAR PREPARATION ??Gramstaining Procedure ??Gram Stain (+\) ??Agglutination Assays ????????????з???????????? Isolation of live bacteria from adult insects ????????淽?? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????淽?? ??????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??Bacteriology ??Bacterial Glycerol Stocks ??Purifying Large E. coli Restriction Fragments from PulsedField Gels ??ISOLATION OF RNA FROM BACTEROIDS ??Isolation and Quantification of Genomic DNA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis ??Isolation of genomic DNA from bacteria ??RNA Isolation Protocol ??Chromosomal DNA Isolation ??Transposonmediated Mutagenesis ??Western Blot with Platelet Protein ??Serum Separation from Whole Blood ??Plateletassociated Ig (PAIg) Elution ??Platelet Preparation ??Erythrophagocytosis ??Coating of Platelets with Antibody in vitro ??CMFDA Labeling of Platelet ??Clot Retraction Test ??Blood Smear: Preparation and Staining ??Bleeding Time Test ??Isolation of Chloroplasts from Spinach Leaves ??45Ca2+ uptake study in PC12 cells ??how to determine the chlorophyll content of chloroplasts using a spectrophotomet ?????????????о???? ????????????????? ????????????????????????γ????????? ??146??????????[????????????????????] ?????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????о? ??MS Plant Tissue Culture Medium ??Crosses ??Pest Control ??Lyophilization and Grinding of Leaf Tissue ???????????????????о??е???? ??Plant Crosses ??In vitro growth of seedlings ??AFLP ????????????????protocol????? ????????????????protocol?????? ????????????????protocol????? ????????????????protocol???壩 ????????????????protocol????? ????????????????protocol?????? ????????????????protocol?????? ????????????????protocol????? ??PCR from Plant Tissue ??Protocol for Plant Protein Extraction ??Measurement of Carbon Fixation Rates in Leaf Samples ??Isolation of Retroelement from Plant Genomic DNA ??SOME HISTOCHEMICAL TESTS FOR FRESH TISSUE SLICES ??FIXATION OF PLANT METAPHASE CHROMOSOMES ??AFLP: not only for fingerprinting, but for positional cloning ??ACID PHOSPHATASE ??ACETYL CHOLINESTERASE ??Hematoxylin Stain ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??? ?????????????羵???? ???????羵???? ????????????羵???? ??Masson Trichrome staining ??Hematoxylin & Eosin staining ??STAINING MANUAL MINERALS AND PIGMENTS ??COMBINED ALCIAN BLUE P.A.S ??CRESYL FAST VIOLET TECHNIQUE FOR NISSL ??ALCIAN BLUE TECHNIQUE ??ALKALINE CONGO RED TECHNIQUE ??BIELSCHOWSKY METHOD ??Special Stains in Histology ??ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ??ELASTIC VAN GIESON (EVG) ??Elastic Picro Sirius Red ??ACID PICRO MALLORY ??Bromodeoxyuridine Staining of Mammary Tissue ??ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE (ATPASE) ??Stain for Sperm Acrosomes ??FREEZING TISSUE FOR CRYOSTAT SECTIONING ??Cryosectioning ??Tissue sectioning: Cryostat sectioning method ??SECTION ADHESIVES ??Preparation and Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections ??Preparation and Staining of Paraffin Sections ??Sectioning stained embryos. ??for the technique of embedding specimens in plastic ??Staining Protocols for Lymphoid Tissue: ??Sectioning and Mounting Protocol ??Periodic Acid Schiff Stain for Glycol Methacrylate Sections ??Glycol Methacylate Embedding for Materials Samples ??Glycol Methacrylate Embedding for Immunohistochemistry ??Alkaline Phosphatase for Glycol Methacrylate Sections ??Technovit® 9100 Methyl Methacrylate ??Acid Phosphatase for Glycol Methacrylate Sections Procedure ??Slide Preparation for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) ??Slide Preparation for Manual Microdissection ??Fixation and Embedding of Microtubules for Electron Microscopy ??HISTOLOGICAL FIXATIVES ??LCM PROTOCOLS ??Microwave citrate Pretreatment of Paraffin Sections ??????????? ??CELESTINE BLUE SOLUTION ??CARAZZIS HAEMATOXYLIN ??4% PARAFORMALDEHYDE ??10% FORMAL SALINE ??Working Procedures in Microwave Histology ??Microwave Processing Techniques for Microscopy ??Special Stains Using the Microwave ??Microwave Processing Schedules for Biopsies ??Microwave Tissue Processing ??waxsectioning & staining ??Histochemistry Introduction ??DECALCIFICATION ??CHROME GELATINISED SLIDES AND COVERSLIPS ??LCM PROTOCOLS??Slide Sectioning ??3AMINOPROPYLTRIETHOXYSILANE TREATED SLIDES ??Protocols for LCM preparation and analysis ??Processing of Microdissected Tissue for Molecular Analysis ????????? ??Northern blot???? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??????????????DNA?????????? ??PCR????????? ???????????????????????п??? ??????????????????????????????? ????????? ??PCR??????????????PCR????cDNA???е????????? ??PCR?????????????PCR??????? ??PCR????????壩??????????DNA???е?PCR???? ??PCR????????????????PCR ??PCR?????????????PCRSSCP??????? ??PCR?????????????PCR??????????? ??PCR???????????PCR?????????? ??PCR???????????PCR??????????????? ??PCR?????????????????????DNA??PCR???? ??PCR???????????mRNA????PCR???? ??PCR???????壩????????????????? ??PCR???????????PCR??????? ??PCR????????????PCR?????????? ??PCR????????????Taq DNA???? ??PCR???????????PCR???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????????????鷽?? ?????RNA????????2?????????????????? ??????·??????????????????siRNAЧ?? ??RNAi protocol ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay Conditions ???????????????? ???????PCR??????? ??Methylation Specific PCR ??Methylated CpG Island Amplification (MCA) ??SOUTHERN BLOTS ??CGH of PCR Amplified Microdissected DNA ??Extraction of RNA from Frozen Sections ??DNA Extraction from Frozen Tissue Sections ??Embryo Lysates & Immunoprecipitation ??RNA????? ??DNA????? ??RNA?????? ??????????Northern??? ??Northern??? ????????DNA Southern??? ???????????????????????????Southern??? ???????????? ????ü???????????????? ??T4????????????? ??????????????RNA???:???????? ??????????????????????????DNA??? ?????ù?????????????д???DNA??ε???????? ???????:???IEF?? ????? ????????????R250?? ??????????RNA ??Poly??A????RNA??????? ?????峡??????? ???????????????? ????????????????????＼?? ????????????????????＼?? ?????????????н?????????ε??? ??cDNA????? ??????????? ??PCR??????????? ????????????????????DNA??PCR ??DNA????????????о? ?????λ?????????????????????DNA???????cDNA ???????????????????????DNAλ?? ????????????DNA???λ????????????????? ??????λ???????????? ????DNA??????????????????????е???? ??RNA?????????????2 ??RNA?????????????1 ????????????????о?????3??BIAcore ????????????????о???????????????? ????????????????о?????1 ??????????????RNA???λ?????1 ??Western??? ??CDNA????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??RNAi???????????????ü??? ?????鶯????????Σ?????? ???????????????? ??????????????Σ????????????? ??TNT?????????????????????????? ???????????鷽?? ????????????????????? ??EMSA??????????? ??promega?????????????????? ??HLA????????????PCRSSCP?? ??HLA????????????PCR?????? ??HLA????????????PCRSSP?? ??HLA????????????PCRSSO??ASO????? ??HLA????????????PCRRFLP?? ??HLA????????????RFLP?? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????????з??? ?????cDNA??? ?????????????? ??RNA??鷽?? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??DNA??????? ?????????????????? ??PCR????CDNA???е????????в??? ??PCR????????? ??PCR??????????????? ??PCR?????????HIV??? ??PCR??????????? ??PCR??????????????COX???? ??PCR??????????DMS/BMD??????? ??PCR??????????????к??? ??PCR???????????????????? ??PCR?????????????????? ??PCR??????????????????? ??PCR?????????? ????????? ??PCR??????????????????? ?????е???????(housekeeping genes)???б?+?????????? ??????DNA??????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????з?????????? ???????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????е????? ???????37??C?????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????о??????Leptomycin B ??????????????????? ????????????? ?????cDNA?????????SMART???? ??DNA????????? ??PCR????????????????? ??о???????????? ??A Concise Guide to cDNA Microarray Analysis ??Preparation of Slides ??Protocol for Reverse Transcription and Aminoallyl Coupling of RNA ??Preparation of DNA Samples ??Aminoallyl Reverse Transcription ??Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe from HUMAN mRNA or Total RNA using Direct I ??Total Bacterial RNA Labeling with Random Hexamers. ??????о???????NIH?? ??Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe from mRNA: Yeast ??Modified Eberwine (antisense) RNA Amplification Protocol ??Cyanine Dye Purification Protocol ??Anatomy of a Comparative Gene Expression Study ??????о????????????????о???? ??????о???????????????? ??Tissue Microarray Protocol ??Reverse Transfection for Gene Function Analysis ??Yeast Total RNA Isolation ??Stripping an array ??Yeast ChIPonChip ??Yeast Poly(A)+ mRNA Isolation ??Reverse Transcription and Labeling of Human RNA ??Preparation of target RNA ??Microarray Hybridization ??MicroArray Protocol ??Preparation of PolylLysine Slides ??Making a scanning array ??Labeling Genomic DNA ??Hybridization ??Array Washing ??E.coli Total RNA Isolation ??Amplification and Labeling of DNA ??Array Hybridization ?????????????з???T??? ???????????????? ??MAPK????·?о????? ??Cytokine Bioassays ??Neutralizing Bioassay Protocols ??The UnderAgarose Migration Assay ??Chemotaxis Assay Using Microchemotaxis Chambers (Modified Boyden Chamber) ??In Vitro T Cell Activation ??SAPK/Jun kinase assays ??Pheromone Halo Assay ??Soft Agar Assay ??Proliferation Assay: [3H] Thymidine incorporation ??Determination of IC50 ??Detection of BrdU Incorporation in DNA Synthesizing Cells ??Cell Viability Assay ??Cytotoxicity Assays Protocol ??Crystal Violet Assay ??cell proliferation assay ??ThymidineIncorporation Assay for Rat1a cells ??3HThymidine Uptake by Cultured Cells ??NKcell cytotoxicity assay ??MTT Cell Proliferation Assay Instructions ??MTT assay for cell proliferation ????????????????鷽????? ??MTT Cell Proliferation Assay ????????????????????? ???о?????????????????????????? ??????????????е??????????е???? ???????????????????? ?????????????? ??Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation ??JC1?????????????λ????? ??Cell Disruption and Subcellular Fractionation ??Tubulin Polymerization with GTP/GMPCPP/Taxol ??TEM Visualization of Microtubules ??Viscosity & Polymeriztion of Microtubules ??SDS Gel Electrophoresis of Tubulin\MAPs ??SDS Gel Electrophoresis of Tubulin\MAPs ??Recycling Tubulin ??Preparation of Segmented and Polarity Marked Microtubules ??Negative Stain Electron Microscopy of Microtubules ??Microtubule Spindowns for Visual Analysis ??MT Spindowns from Extracts ??Labeling Tubulin and Quantifying Labeling Stoichiometry ??Isolation of Actin and Myosin Filaments ??Isolation of Microtubules (Bovine Brain) ??Immunofluorescent Localization of Tubulin ??Flow Cell Assays with Microtubules: Motility/Dynamics in Fluorescence and VEDIC ??Fluorescence Procedures for the Actin and Tubulin Cytoskeleton in Fixed Cells ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????5??NAG??? ????????????4??MTS??? ????????????3??XTT??? ???????????????? ????????????2??MTT??? ??????????????????TMRM??Mitotracker??JC1 ???????????ATP???[????????] ?????????????????? ??DNA??????鷽?? ?????????FAQ ???????? ?????????FAQ ??Annexin V ??PI??????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????鷽??????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????鷽????????? ????????????鷽????BrdU???? ?????????????????? ??????????????B??? ???????????????B??? ??T??????????? ???о?T???????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??????????????????????! ??????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??DNA????????Southern Blot ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????1??[3H]??????????????????? ?????????????12?????????PCR???? ?????????????11??PCR?鵼????????? ?????????????10????????????????????? ?????????????8??????????? ?????????????9???????????? ?????????????7???????????? ?????????????6???????Y???????? ?????????????5??????°??????????? ?????????????2???????????? ?????????????3??RNA????? ?????????????4??????DNA???????? ?????????????1??DNA???? ????????????????????? ????????Ч??? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????Western Blot ???????????RNA???Northern Blot ?????????????????????????? ????????????о???????????????????????? ????????????о??????????????????? ??????鵼????????ü??7???????CMC???? ??????鵼????????ü??6????????CMC ??????鵼????????ü??5????MTT?????CMC ??????鵼????????ü????????????????? ??????鵼????????ü????LDH???? ??????鵼????????ü????[3H]???????????? ??????鵼????????ü??1??Cr???? ??????鵼????????????CMC??????????????? ????????????8????????????????ATP???? ????????????9???????????????? ????????????10??????????? ????????????7????????????????AKP???? ????????????6??AlamarBlueTM???? ?????FC???巽?? ????????????X??С?????? ???????????????AgNO3?? ??????????????????????? ??????CBG????? ??????GTG????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????? ??Chemical Induction of Apoptosis ??Staining Methods for cell ??TUNEL labeling ??Detection by TUNEL labeling ??TUNEL ???? ??Guide to Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis Methods ??Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) ??ImmunoLaser Capture Microdissection ????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ??Percoll?????????????????????????????????????? ??Ficoll????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????3??????????о? ????????????? ??2%???????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???С???????????????????????? ?????????????????Purdue?? ???????????????? ????????????????????? ??PREPARATION OF MICROINJECTION PIPETTES ??MEDIA FOR EMBRYO CULTURE AND MANIPULATION ??KARYOTYPING ES CELLS ??PMEF FEEDER LAYER CONCENTRATION ??ELECTROPORATION OF ES CELLS AND ISOLATION OF H/R CLONES ??GAMMA IRRADIATION OF PMEFS ??MITOMYCIN C TREATMENT OF PMEFs ??С??feeder??????? ??Routine Culturing of ES Cells ??Betagal staining of eukaryotic cells in vitro ??Transfection of Mammalian Cells Using Lipofectamine ??DNA TRANSFECTION OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS USING CALCIUM PHOSPHATE ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???λ???????????鼼?? ??DNA???????????????λ????????? ???λ?????鲽?? ??cRNA??????λ????????? ???λ????????????????????????? ??In Situ Hybridization Using Digoxigenin Labeled Probes ??In Situ HYBRIDIZATION TO TISSUE SECTIONS ??IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ON FROZEN SECTIONS ??In situ hybridization of yeast cells (RNA and Oligonucleotide probes) ??Single Cell Gene Expression Profiling: Multiplexed Expression Fluorescence in si ??In situ hybridization of mammalian cells (RNA and Oligonucleotide probes) ??Anderson Lab In Situ Hybridization Protocols ??In Situ Hybridization ??Hiro Hirais BACFISH Protocol ??RNA In Situ Hybridization of Dissected Gonads with DigoxygeninLabeled Probes ??FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION (FISH) ON HUMAN CHROMOSOMES AND INTERPHASE NU ??Autoradiography ??Preparation of singlestranded probes from cloned cDNA ??Preparation of probes for in situ hybridization ??Preparation and purification of biotinlabeled probe for ISH ??Nonfluorescent protein/RNA doublelabeling ??NICK TRANSLATION OF dsDNA WITH BIOTINYLATED OR DIGOXIGENIN dUTP ??Biotin labeling and hybridization of probe to chromosomes ??35SRIBOPROBE SYNTHESIS FOR ISOTOPIC In Situ HYBRIDIZATION ???λ?????????????????????? ?????DNA????????????? ??????????cRNA?????鷽?? ???????????Bolton??Hunter??????? ??PRINS???? ???λ?????????????????????? ???λ?????????? ??????λ?????FISH??????????鵼???λ????PRINS????????? ??In Situ Hybridisation Protocol ??Hiro Hirais PRINS Protocol ??Storage of Chromosome Preparations for FISH ??Preparation of Paraffin Sections and Frozen Tissue for FISH ??Nick Translation ??TISSUE PREPARATION FOR IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ??RNA in situ protocol for DNA and RNA probes ??ProteinDNA Telomere FISH ??PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS FOR FISH ??mRNA In Situ Hybridization with NickTranslated Probes ??WHOLE MOUNT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION.Mouse Embryos ?????????????????????????????? ??Biological coating procedures for glass coverslips ??????????е??????????????????? ????????????? ??????????Feulgen?????? ???????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????????MOI???????? ???????????MOI???????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????о??????е???? ??????缫????????????????????? ????????????????????????(CGH) ??????????????λ????????????(PRINS) ????????? ??????????????λ???(ISH) ????????????????? ???С???????? ????????濹??????????????????? ???????????????С?? ??????????PI??????????? ??????????????? ?????DNA??????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????????? ????С???????????????? ??Subculturing Cells ??Transfer of Eukaryote Suspension Cultures ??Maintenance of Cell Culture ??Culture of BEND Cells (Bovine Endometrial Cells) ??Subculturing Monolayer Cell Cultures ??Cell Culture Selection Guide ??Recommended working medium, trypsin volume and cell inoculation density ??Working Volumes for TissueCulture Vessels ??Use of Cloning Cylinders for Harvesting Cell Colonies ??Clonal Growth of Cells in Semisolid Media ??Viability Cell Count ??Thawing Cells (Schreibers protocol) ??Introduction to Animal Cell Culture ??Tissue Culture Methods ??Neuron Cell Culture ??The Cell Environment (including types of culture medium) ??Lung Organ Culture ??In vitro culture of embryonic lungs ??ORGANOTYPIC LIMB CULTURES ??ORGANOTYPIC KIDNEY CULTURES ??Tissue Culture Media ??Stock solutions for tissue culture ??TISSUE CULTURE STOCK SOLUTIONS AND MEDIA ??Solutions for Tissue/Cell Digestion ??Serum Thawing & Heat Inactivation ??Recipes for Tissue Culture Selective Drug Stocks ??Components and Supplementation of Various Culture Media ??Guide For Identifying And Correcting Common Cell Growth Problems ??Subculture of Suspension Cell Lines ??Slice and Explant Culture ?????????????????? ???????????? ??????????е??Щ??? ?????????????? ????????????????鷽?? ???????????????? ?????????????? ?????????/?????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????DMEM???????????? ???????????????????? ??????????D????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??Tissue Culture Thawing Cells from Liquid Nitrogen ??Working Cell Bank ??Flow Cytometry: Immunofluorescence Staining of Activated and Resting Human Plate ??Flow Cytometry Assay to Measure Internalization of GPCRs ??Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cell Cycle ??Paraformaldehyde Fixation of Cells ??FIXATION and DNA Staining for Cell Cycle Analysis ??Flow cytometric determination of leukocyte surface antigens in whole blood ??Stewart Laboratory Standard Operating Procedure ??Basic Method for Direct Immunofluorescence Labeling ??Advanced Methodologies in Flow Cytometry ??Flow Cytometry Analysis ??TUNEL Assay Protocol ??Staining Methods for cell death ??In Situ Cell Death (Apoptosis) Detection by TUNEL labeling ??DNA Fragmentation Assays for Apoptosis Protocol ??Defrosting Eukaryotic Cells Frozen In Liquid N2 ??Master Cell Bank ??Cell Freezing ??Freezing Cells ??Freezing and Thawing of Mammalian Cell Lines ??Freezing and Thawing Cultured Cells ??Freezing and Thawing cells ??Tissue Culture Storage of Cell Lines ??General Guide for Cryogenically Storing Animal Cell Cultures ??Cryogenic Preservation and Storage of Animal Cells ??Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Preparation ??Collection of Peritoneal Cells ??Liver lymphocyte harvesting ??Osteoblast Harvest Adult Mice ??Harvesting lymphocytes from Peripheral Blood ??Preparation of low density, collagenasedigested splenocytes Protocol ??Quality Control Considerations ??Understanding And Managing Cell Culture Contamination ??Authentication of Cell Lines ??Mycoplasma Detection Using DNA Staining ??Use of a Hemacytometer ??Hemacytometer Reference Guide ??Eukaryote Growth Dynamics ??Use of the Hemacytometer for the Determination of Cell Numbers ??Trypan blue viability test ??Cell counting with an hemacytometer. ??Passaging cells ??Staining protocols for placental explant cultures ??Freezer and Cell Line Database ??Establishment of a Primary Culture ??Direct tissue explant method for derivation and study of extravillous trophoblas ??Culture of Endometrial Explants and Periimplantation Conceptuses to Monitor Synt ??Infection with retroviruses ??Hemacytometer Workbook ??Growing cells ??Culture of endometrial explants ??Analysis of ES Cell Clones by MiniSouthern ??EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS PROTOCOL ??ES Cell Culture and Manipulation ??Micronucleus Assay in Blood Lymphocytes ??Lacrimal Experimental Protocol (4/4/94) ??Fibroblast Cell Systems Instructions for Use ??Endothelial Cell Systems Instructions For Use ??Culturing HEK 293 Cells ??Culturing Chick Embryonic Myoblasts/Myotubes and Fibroblasts ??С????????????????鲽?? ???????????????Drosophila Cell Lines?? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????鷽????Culturing Drosophila cells) ?????????????????? ??293 SFMadapted cells_ PDFPublication (LifeTech) ??293 SFMadapted cells_ PDFManual (LifeTech) ??Preparation of ES cells for Microinjection ??Injection of ES cells into morulae ??EScell injection into mouse blastocysts ??Aggregation of ES cells with mouse morulastage embryos ??Tissue Culture of PtK1 Cells ??Preparation of Embryonic Extract ??PC12 Cell Culture and Fusion ??ES / MEF cell culture and electroporation of targeting construct ??PRODUCTION OF ES CELL CHIMERAS BY AGGREGATION WITH EIGHTCELL STAGE EMBRYOS ??PRODUCTION OF COMPLETELY ES CELLDERIVED FETUSES BY AGGREGATION WITH TETRAPLOID E ??Preparing 48Well Plate Feeders ??Preparation of RNA from Cultured Cells ??Detection of Apoptosis in Paraffinembedded tissues by ISEL (In Situ End Labelin ??Apoptosis: Miniassay ??Programmed Cell Death In Situ Detection Using Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transfer ??Timing of Cycles ??HThymidine Uptake by Cultured Cells ??CELL CYCLE ANALYSIS ??Cell Cycles Introduction ??Measurement of Cell Adhesion Under Static Conditions ??Dynamic Flow Assay in a Parallel Plate Flow Chamber ??CELL ADHESION ??CarbohydrateSpecific Adhesion of Intact Cells to Resolved Glycolipids on TLC Pla ??Matrigel invasion assays ??Chemotaxis Assay ?????????? ??T cell Activation Protocol ??????????????? ???????????????293??? ??How do I decontaminate my tissue culture? ??A general protocol for staining cell for cytometry analysis ??Immunofluorescence Staining of Human Cells by Lysed Whole Blood Method ??Immunodetection of cyclin D1 and D2/D3 using 488/630 nm dual laser flow cytometr ??Fluorescein labeling of proteins ???????????????????????鷽????PI??Brdu) ??Adrenal chromaffin granule (chromaffin vesicle) preparation ??Em observations of microsomes ??Preparation of Mitochondria from Rat Liver ??Mitochondria Structure and Function Theoretical Details ??Recommended Experiments with Isolated Mitochondria ??Organelle DNA Library Construction ??Isolation of Interphase Nuclei from Paraffin Section for FISH ??Preparation of tubulin ??Tubulin Basics ??Preparation of Rat Liver Cell Cytosol ??Lysosome Isolation in Isotonic Sucrose ??CSF Extract Prep for Spindle Assembly ??Large Scale Tubulin Preparation ??CHO Centrosome Prep ??????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??FACS Analysis Using Peripheral Blood Cells ??Staining Procedure for Flow Cytometric Detection of Human Cyclins ??Simultaneous analysis of DNA content and surface immunophenotype using gentle et ??Phenotypespecific immunodetection of cyclins using 488/630 nm dual laser flow cy ??Phycoerythrin conjugation protocol ??Paraformaldehyde ??Immunofluorescent Staining of Mouse and Rat Leukocytes ??Basic Method for Indirect Immunofluorescence Labeling ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????[???] ???????????????????? ??????????????PCR??? ?????????????????????????? ???й???????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????? ??Culturing Chick Embryonic Cardiac Myocytes and Fibroblasts ??Preparation of NeoR Murine Embryonic Fibroblasts ??Preparation of Feeder Layers And SNL Stocks ??Differentiate ES cells into glial cells and neurons ??Isolation of Primary Fibroblasts from Mouse Embryos ??Differentiate ES cells into cystic embryoid bodies ??Differentiate ES cells into cardiac myocytes ??Freezing Embryonic Stem (ES) Cell Clones in 96Well Plates ??FEEDER PREPARATION BY GAMMA IRRADIATION ??Electroporation of ES cells ??ES and TS cell freezing/thawing ??bGalactosidase Color Assay for Cultured Cells ??Gene quantification calculations ??Relative quantitation of gene expression ?????PCR/??????PCR??????ü?? ??pcr?????????????????PCR???????????о??е???? ??PCR???? PCR????????? ??PCR???????? ??PCR????????Щ???? ?????PCR??????? ????ν??????PCR?????? ??PCR??????????? ??PCR??鼰???????? ??PCR??ü??? ??PCR????????????? ??PCR??????? ??PCR???? ??Multiplex PCR ??PEG PRECIPITATION OF PCR PRODUCTS ??Cloning PCR products using TA vectors ??PURIFICATION OF PCR PRODUCTS WITH SEPHADEX ??Purification of PCR products ??Cleavage of PCR Products Directly After Amplification Reaction ??Cleavage Efficiency Close to the Termini of PCR Fragments ??LongPCR Reagents and Guidelines ??RTPCR??鷽??????? ??????RTPCR?????? ??????RTPCR?????? ?????????????????????鷽?? ??First Strand cDNA Synthesis ??What is the highest temperature that reverse trascriptases can be used? ??Semiquantitative RTPCR analysis to assess the expression levels of multiple tran ??RTPCR procedures ??Reverse TranscriptasePCR ??Preparation of Template RNA for RTPCR ??Avoiding DNA Contamination in RTPCR ??Degenerate PCRA Short Guide ??Degenerate PCR Detailed guide ??PCR????????11??????? ???????????????? ??PCR??RTPCR??????????? ??????PCR?????? ??????????????PCR????鷽?? ??Protocol for PCR using Taq DNA Polymerase ??Standard PCR Protocol ??Polymerase Chain Reaction ??PCR Amplification of DNA ??Detection of Alu by PCR ??Calculating Concentrations for PCR ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) ??PCR Technology ??Designing PCR programs ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) cont. ??PCR ??Determining the Direction of Replication Fork Movement ??Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic Analysis for the Human Plasma Proteome ??InGel Digestion of Proteins Separated by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??Preparation of Bacterial Proteins for Analysis by 2DPAGE ??Analysis of Proteins using Small Format 2D Gel Electrophoresis ??2D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic Analysis for Chicken Egg ??Background Theory and Principles of Capillary Electrophoresis ??Capillary Electrophoresis ???????????????? ??Preparation of Agarose Gels for DNA separations ??Preparation of denaturing 6% polyacrylamide gels for microsatellite analysis ??Acrylamide Urea Gel (35 ml) ??Preparation of Polyacrylamide Gels ??Native Acrylamide Gels (35 ml) ??NuPAGE Gels ??ELECTROPHORESIS OF DNA IN POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS ??????н?С???? ??Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ??TROUBLESHOOTING DNA AGAROSE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS ??Standard neutral agarose electrophoresis ??Top 10 Fun Facts for DNA Electrophoresis ??Facts and trouble shooting ??Electrophoresis of PCR products with Sunrise gel apparatus ??DNA mobility in gels ??electrophoresis of DNA ??Alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis ??Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ??Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of DNA ??ELECTROPHORESIS OF DNA IN AGAROSE GELS ??Pulse Field Electrophoresis ??Methylene Blue DNA staining protocol ??Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) ??Agarose Gels for Single Stranded DNA ??Gel Electrophoresis of DNA ??Protein Electrophoresis ??2D Gel Electrophoresis ??DNA Electrophoresis ??ChIPCpG Island Microarray Binding Analysis ??ChIP Assay ??Yeast Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) ??CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (CHIP) PROTOCOL FOR YEAST ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIPs) Protocol for Tissues(Farnham Lab) ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIPs) Cloning Protocol (Farnham Lab) ??CHIP PROTOCOL FOR YEAST ??Chromatin IP (CHIP assay) ?????????????????????????????? ??EST????????????????cDNA????????ò??? ??Step by Step SSCP ??RLGS protocol ??DNA methyltransferase Assay ??DNA????????? ??cDNA/AFLP??A tool for transcriptome analysis ??Loss of Heterozygosity ??Clonality X Chromosome Inactivation Assay ????????????????????? ??Mutation Detection By SingleStrand Conformational Polymorphism (SSCP) ??Differential Display Technical notes ??Targeted Differential Display ??about mRNA differential display ??Differential Display of Cotton Transcripts ??Differential Display of RNAs ??DIFFERENTIAL DISPLAY ??LacZ Detection in Tail Biopsies ??Transgenic Animals ??C. elegans Gene Knockout Protocol ??Bacterial betaGalactosidase Histochemisty Bible ??Sample Preparation for Microinjection ??Intracytoplasmic Spermatocyte Injection (ICSI) ??ES injection pipette manufacture ??bgalactosidase Solution Assay ??Spectral Karyotyping Detection ??DOPPCR Labeling for Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) ??Human Chromosome Preparation ??Slide Pretreatment for Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) ??Hybridization for Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) ??Giemsatrypsin Banding ??Karyotype Analysis ??Sequencing off Cosmid, BAC, PAC, and Fosmid Templates with ABI Big Dye Terminato ??Plasmid or Cosmid DNA Miniprep ??Large Scale Plasmid, Cosmid, BAC, PAC, and Fosmid DNA Isolation ??Cosmid??????? ??Cosmid Cloning: Cell preparation, DNA packaging, and Cell Transfection ??Preparation of Yeast DNA Embedded in Agarose Plugs ??Gelpurified, agarased YACs for yeast transformation ??Easy YAC Preparation Method ??DNA Isolation From BAC & PAC Clones ??Construction of BAC Libraries??TAMU BAC Center Workshop Manual ??Construction of BAC Libraries??SOLUTIONS FOR BAC LIBRARY CONSTRUCTION ??Construction of BAC Libraries??Construction of a BAC library ??Construction of BAC Libraries??Megabase DNA Isolation ??Protocol for Construction of BAC Libraries ??Hybridization of High Density Arrayed BAC Nylon Filter Blots ??How to build a BAC library ??BAC EndSequencing ??Easy Way to Clone Genes From a Phage Library ??Screening of cDNA and genomic libraries ??PCR based ??DNA library screening method ??Expression Library Screening (Procaryotic) Using APFusion Proteins ??COLONY HYBRIDIZATION ??Screening a cDNA Library ??cDNA Library Screening Protocol ZAPII ??Genomic Libraries ??Genomic Cloning Technical Manual ??Packagene® Lambda DNA Packaging System ??Lambda vector preparation ??Preparation and purification of lambda gtWES vector for construction of genomic ??TA?????????????? ??Library cDNA Synthesis ??Differential cDNA Screening Procedures ??Experimental Protocol for cDNA Library Construction ??cDNA library Construction from Single Cells ??cDNA Libraries ?????????????? ???????????????Щ???? ??BECKMAN??????????PDF??? ??TCA??????????DNA??鷽?? ???????DNA?????鷽?? ??Spot Fluorescence??????DNA??鷽?? ??DNA??????鷽?? ??DNA????????????????鷽?? ????????DNA?????鷽?? ??????????????鷽?? ???????????????????鷽?? ?????????DNA??????protocol??鷽?? ????????????鷽?? ??????DNA?????鷽?? ??UV Absorbance (280 nm) ?C Protein Determination??鷽?? ??SemiQuantitative Measurement of Proteins by Dot Blotting??鷽?? ??Quantitative Determination of Peptides by Sulfhydryl (SH) Groups??鷽?? ??Protein Assay (Spectrophotometer)??鷽?? ??Lowry ?C Protein Determination??鷽?? ??LOWRY PROTEIN ASSAY??鷽?? ??Protein concentration of Laemmli gel samples??鷽?? ??Phosphoamino acid analysis of nonTCA precipitable proteins??鷽?? ??BIURET PROTEIN ASSAY??鷽?? ??Biorad Protein Assay: Bradford??鷽?? ???????????????鷽?? ??COMPARISION OF DIFFERENT PROTEIN DETERMINATION METHODS??鷽?? ??Use of the Bradford Protein Assay in a Microtiter Plate Format??鷽?? ??Bradford ?C Protein Determination??鷽?? ??Bradford Protein Concentration Assay??鷽?? ??Bradford Assay??鷽?? ??Bradford protein assay??鷽?? ??Bradford???????????Bradford Protein Assay ????鷽?? ??????DNA??????????鷽?? ??Dissociation of spleen and hemopoietic tissue ??Osteoblast Harvest ??Analysis of murine BM ??Mouse Spleenectomy ??Isolation of colonic epithelium ??????????????????????? ??Isolation of bone marrow ??????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ??Phosphate (Sodium) buffer Chart ?????????????3 ????????????????? ??????????????2 ??Antibiotic Concentration in Media ?????????????? ?????????????2 ????????佹 ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????﹫? ?????????????? ??????????? ??Retos Buffers & Media Book ??How to Make Simple Solutions and Dilutions ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??CD???????1996?? ?????????ü??????????? ?????ú???????????? ???????λ????? ???????λ???????????λ???_ ???????????????????????? ??????С?????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????б???Enzymes Cleaving DNA on Both Sides of Their Recognition Sequence ????????б???Enzymes Generating Blunt Ends ????????б???Enzymes Generating 3protruding Ends ????????б???Enzymes Generating 5protruding Ends ????????б? ??The Restriction Enzyme Database ??DNA Molecular Weight Markers ??Molecular Weight Marker ??Molecular Weight Markers for Gel Electrophoresis ??codon usage database ????????????????????? ??Senescentassociated bGal Assay ??Fixation of Cytological Smears, FineNeedle Aspirates and Touch Preparations ??Examination of a Mammalian Blood Smear ??Cell Isolation Techniques ??Cell Isolation FAQs ??Cell Isolation Theory ???? Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Instrument Tie?? ??Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Ligation Around a Hemostatic Clamp?? ??Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Deep Tie?? ??Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Surgeons Knot?? ??Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Square Knot?? ??Gloving ??Changing Gloves During A Surgical Procedure ?? ??Gloving ??Open Gloving Techniques ?? ??Gloving ??Selecting The Proper Size Surgical Gloves ?? ??Gloving ??Closed Gloving Technique ?? ??Gowning ??Donning and Tying a Surgical Gown ?? ??Gowning ??Drying Hands with Hand Towel ?? ??Surgical Scrub ??Scrub Technique?? ??Surgical Scrub ??Selection Of Appropriate Antiseptics and Brushes?? ??Preparation for Surgical Scrub ??Caps, Masks, and Other Types of Shielding ???????????????Selection of Appropriate Antiseptic?? ???????Drapes ?? ???????????????? ??????????Selecting and Packaging Gowns ?? ???????????Steam Sterilization?? ??Proper Instrument Handling ??Towel Clamps ?????????Scalpels ??????? ?????????Self Retaining??????? ?????????Hand Held??????? ??Needle Holders????? ??????????Intestinal Forceps?? ??????????Hemostats and Hemostatic Forceps?? ??????????Dressing and Tissue Forceps?? ???????????: ??????????? ?????????ü??????????????? ???????????? CONTAX??? ????????????? ???????????????(1985~1992) ????????????? ???????????????? ????????????? Mamiya 120??????????? ????????????? Leica??? 35mm?????????? ????????????? Leica???????? ????????????? Konica?????????? ????????????? ????35mm????? ????????????? Pentax???????? ???????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ??LOWRY PROTEIN ASSAY ??Use of the Bradford Protein Assay in a Microtiter Plate Format ??Bradford Assay ??????DNA??? ?????????DNA??????protocol ?????????? ???????????? ?????????ü???????????????? ??????Ч?????????????????? ??????????????????????е???? ???????廯???EB????????????? ???????????????????? ??????С??? ???????С??β??????似??????? ????????鶯????? ????????????? ????鶯????????? ?????????????????CCD ?????????????? ??CCD?????? ?????CCD??CMOS??????????????? ?????CCD??Super CCD??CMOS ??????pcr??????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????PCR???????? ??Troubleshooting Guide for qPCR and RTqPCR ??Basics of using Realtime PCR ??????PCR???? ??Realtime PCR review article (2002) ??DNA/RNA RealTime Quantitative PCR ??Realtime PCR review article (2000) ??FAQs on RealTime RTPCR ??RealTime or Kinetic PCR ??Protocol for RealTime RTPCR ??Single Cell PCR ??SMART???? ???λ????????????in situ PCR?????λ????????????????in situ RTPCR?????? ?????mRNA?????????????DDRTPCR????????????????? ??????PCR???? ??????PCR(ImmunoPCR)???????? ??????????????????????????? (PCRSSCP) ??鷽?? ??Primary Amplification of Genomic DNA using DOP PCR ??Single tube confirmation PCR protocol ??Sitedirected Mutagenesis using PCR ??Single Primer (SemiRandom) PCR ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to Amplify rRNA Gene Fragment ??PCR from Tissue ??Disruption by Fusion PCR ??PCR Amplification of Inserts from Bacterial Cultures ??Incorporation of DigoxigenindUTP into Plasmid Inserts Using PCR ??Direct PCR from Whole Yeast Cells: Zymolyase Method ??Colony PCR ??Core Sample PCR: A method to rePCR unique bands from products of mixed size ??MethylationSpecific PCR ??384well PCR ??Methylated CpG Island Amplification ??Bisulfite Treatment of DNA ??BisulfitePCR for Restriction Analysis and/or Sequencing ??Primer Design Rules for Bisulfite Conversion Based PCR ??Singel Nucleotide Primer Extension (SNuPE) ??Inverse PCR & Cycle Sequencing of P Element Insertions for STS Generation ??Bisulfite Conversion Based PCR ??Inverse PCR for PACend sequencing ??Inverse PCR For use with Snyder mTnlacZ/LEU2 based mutagenesis ??Inverse PCR ??In Situ RTPCR ??THE FOUNDATION OF SUCCESSFUL RT IN SITU PCR ??The In Situ PCR:Amplification and Detection in a Cellular Context ??Microdeletion screening ??Standard multiplex mixtures ??Troubleshooting for PCR and multiplex PCR ??PCR and multiplex PCR guide ??Multiplex PCR: Critical Parameters and StepbyStep Protocol ??TUNEL PROCEDURE IN BOVINE EMBRYOS ??MiniChamber for Regulating Gaseous Environment During Culture ??????????? ??Procedures for In Vitro Production of Bovine Embryos ??LINEAGE ANALYSIS USING RETROVIRAL VECTORS ??Protocol to Count Cell Number of Preimplantation Embryos ????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????? ??Light Microscopy ??USE OF THE LIGHT MICROSCOPE ??Use of SemiThin Cryosections for Light Microscopy. ??Microscopes in Cell Biology ??Dark Field Viewing ??Microscopy with Oil Immersion ??Phase Contrast Microscopy ??Differential Interference Contrast (Nomarski, DIC, Hoffman Modulation Contrast) ??Measurement with the Light Microscope ??Using a Counting Chamber ??ELECTRON MICROSCOPY ??TEM Specimen Preparation??Preparative Techniques for the TEM ??Chlamydomonas Fixation for Transmission Electron Microscopy ??Fixation of Cells Cultured in Transwell Dishes ??EPON resin mixture for transmission electron microscopy ??Preparation Of Ciliated Protozoa For Scanning Electron Microscopy ??High resolution negative staining ??PREPARATION OF YEAST CELLS FOR IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY ??Generic Fixation for Electron Microscopy ??Specimen Preparation for Scanning Electron Microscopy ??Electron Microscopes??The Electron Microscope in Biology ??Tetrahymena Fixation for Transmission Electron Microscopy ??Use of Transmission Electron Microscopy ??Immunofluorescence Microscopy of tissue culture cells ?????????????????TRFIA?? ??????QuantumDot????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????GFP??????????? ?????????????л?????????????????Metabolic biotinylation of mammalian cell re ??????????????????????????? ???????????patch clamp) ????????????????? ??Dissociated Cultures of Cerebellar Neurons ?????????????????? Neuron Cell Culture ??Proteasome Preparation from Human Brain ??Protocol for the Primary Culture of Cortical and Hippocampal neurons ??neuromelanin isolation and identification ??BDA???????????????????????????????е???? ??Michael Zumwalt of Agilent Technologies discusses mass spectrometry for qualific ??Introduction to Proteomics: Proteomic Applications of Mass Spectrometry (Session ??Mass Spectrometry for Qualification and Quantification???eserminarAgilent(???? ??Rapid Quantitation of Drugs of Abuse in Oral Fluids Using the Agilent G6410A QQQ ??Metabolomic Profiling Using New High Pressure LC/TOF???eserminarAgilent(?????? ??Protein Profiling and Identification Using HPLCChip/MS on the TOF and QTOF???es ??Introducing the Agilent 6410 Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer???eserminarAgi ??The NEW Agilent 1200 LC Systems???eserminarAgilent(??????????????) ??New Agilent 6000 Series LC/MS Portfolio???eserminarAgilent(??????????????) ???????????????GE Healthcare?????????????????????GE Healthcare BioScienc ????????????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Ltd (????????????????? ??GE Healthcare???Ч??????????????????︴????????????????96???????? ??GE Healthcare????????????Ч??????????????????????????????????GE Heal ??????????????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Ltd (????????????????й? ???????????????ж????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Ltd (????????? ??USB????????????????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Ltd (?????????????? ??ECL????????????????????????????? 2005??11??14????12??30??GE Healthcare BioS ??GE??????????????????Ч??????????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Lt ????????????????????????????????????????????ж?????GE Healthcare BioS ??A Method for MicroScale Isolation and Purification of Gangliosides ??Immunostaining Thin Layer Chromatograms Of Glycolipids ??Immunohistochemistry using AntiGanglioside Antibodies ??Detection of Glycoproteins on Blot ??CarbohydrateSpecific Adhesion of Intact Cells to Resolved Glycolipids on TL ??Deglycosylation of Glycoproteins Using Endoglycosidases ??Carbohydrate Assays ??Analysis of Oligosaccharide Ligands by High Performance Liquid Affinity Chromato ??Protease assay ??Polygalacturonase assay ??Polyphenoloxidase (catechol oxidases) assay ??Pectinase assay ??A Method for Assaying Deubiquitinating Enzymes ??Methods for the Measurement of a Bacterial Enzyme Activity in Cell Lysates and E ??Glucosamine Rapid Assay ??Enzyme Kinetics assay of the WT ??Methods for the Detection of DAminoAcid Oxidase ??Cellulase assays ??Assay of superoxide dismutase activity ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??Lipid analysis??EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS FROM LIPOPHORIN ??Lipoprotein Analysis week 3 ??Lipoprotein Analysis Week 2: Electrophoresis ??Lipoprotein Isolation First week ??In vitro Sphingomyelinase Assay ??Glycosphingolipid analysis ??DGK Membrane Preparation ??DGK Assay ??Desalting Acidic Glycosphingolipids ??Column Purification of Demethylated Sphingomyelin ??Arachidonic Acid Labeling ??AA & Metabolite Quantitation of Cell Pellets PostAA Labeling ??AA & Metabolite Quantitation of Media PostAA Labeling ???????????????????????????? ??Gelelongation assay for type II fatty acid synthesis ??Lipoprotein Isolation and Analysis ??Choline Labeling and TNF Treatment of HL60 Cells ??Sphingomyelin Quantitation Postcholine Labeling of HL60 Cells ??Sphingomyelin Mass Measurement ??Lipid analysisWeek 3: GAS LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY ??Lipid analysis??Thin layer chromatography ??Purification of Demethylated Sphingomyelin ??Preparation of bOGDOPG mixed micelles ??Phosphate Assay by Suprya Jaydev ??Phosphate Assay ??Neutralizing Arachidonic Acid ??Methylation of Fatty Acids (Kropinski Method) ??Liposome Swelling Assay ??Liposome Preparation ??Labeled Sphingomyelin Synthesis ??EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS ?????T??????????/??????????? ????????????????LPO?? ??Purification of acidic phosphatase from mustard seedlings ??Radioiodination of protein ???????????Iodogen???? ??Protein Arginine Methylation ??Preparing a Selenomethionyl Protein ??Phosphoamino acid analysis:Mark Kampss method ??Permeabilization of gramnegative bacteria with KPi/hexane for the release of Las ??Biosynthetic labeling ??Angiotensin Protein Kinase Assay ??Amicon Stirred Ultrafiltration Cells ??Acetylation (or Succinylation) of Amino Groups on Proteins ??Basic Protein Chemistry Techniques ??Protein Staining Procedures ???????????? ??PVDesigner????????????? ??AutoCAD???????????????????? ??ALGOR ??????????????? ????????HyperSnap-DX V5.62.05 ?????? ???й??????????? ??ANSYS(FAQ)??????ü??????? ??ADINA FAQs-??????????????? ??ANSYS???????????????? ??ANSYS????????? ??2003??SCI????????????? ???ο????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ??ALGOR CAD??飭Alibre Design Basic??? ??ANSYS?????????? ??Algor ??????????????? ??2001??Sci???????????? ??ADINA?????????? ??ADINA?????????? ??2004??????????????? ??????????λ?о???????? ??Matlab??CAD??????????????????? ??ALGOR????????????????????????????? ??ANSYS Programmer's Manual Table of Contents ??Adobe Acrobat Professional ???????Polynomial??????-MATLAB Toolbox ??????д???е????????? ?????????????Engineering Vibration Toolbox ??HTML??????-MATLAB Toolbox ???????????????:Machine Vision Toolbox ????????????????VOICEBOX: Speech Processing Toolbox ???????FEM??????-MATLAB toolbox ??????????????Numerical Integration Toolbox ??gaot??????(???????????) ??SmartDraw(???????) ???????????????ANSYS6.xed?????? ??CAJ???????? ?????????????(?????) ??Adobe Reader 7.0(PDF?????) ?????????????д??????????? ???й????????????????????? ?????????????????????ANSYS Solid65????????????? ??CFX-Mesh????CFX-Mesh Tutorials ??Patran?????????????Patran FAQs and TIPs ????????????????-NONLINEARITY IN STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS ??Patran ??????????? ??Patran??????????? ??Marc??????????? ????????????????2003?????? ????????????????2002?????? ???????????÷????????? ????????????????2000?????? ????????????????2001?????? ??Mathematica????? ?????Mathematica??????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??ANSYS 7.0 ??? ?????????? ??Algor ??????? ????????ü???????Shot Peening Applications Guide ????????????о?????????? ??????????????????? ???п?????г?????????????? ?????SOLIDWORKS?????? ??????????о?????????????? ????????2005???о????? ????湥??UG??????? ??????з??????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????????307??? ??????????????? ?????????????о????????? ??LINGO???????????? ??LINDO??????(?????)?????? ??PRO/E FAQ??????100?? ????Tosca???????????????????????????????? ????????????????11.5????????????????????? ??ALGOR?????????? ??ALGOR???????????????? ??CAE??????????????????-????MSC.Patran?? ???й????д?????????????????? ??????????????????????-MATLAB Toolbox ???????????γ?Beamformation??????-MATLAB Toolbox ??????????????????MetMAP??????-matlab Toolbox ????л???????????MetMAP??????-MATLAB Toolbox ????????????????EEGLAB??????-MATLAB Toolbox ??????????????PHYSBE??????-MATLAB Toolbox ??????Auditory??????-MATLAB Toolbox ????????????-robust control lectures ??Visual CHM-????CHM???????? ?????????????:2004???????????2005????й????? ??2002??SCI????????????? ??MASTERCAM9?????????? ??????????????????? ??2004??SCI????????????? ???й?????????о????? ??UG???????????????棩 ??UG_CAM??????? ??SSReader 3.8????????????? ??SSReader 3.8???????????? ??MSC_Nastran?????б????? ??ABAQUS????????workshop ??????FEA?????????????????????? ???廪?????ANSYS/LS-DYNA???? ??ANSYS??????????????????????????? ???????????????? ??PipePak?????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????????-MATLAB Toolbox ????tftb??????-MATLAB Toolbox ?????????????-MATLAB Toolbox ????????????????-MATLAB Toolbox ???????????????????-Matlab Toolbox ??????????CtrlLAB??????MATLAB Toolbox ????????????MathType ??ANSYS?????????????????????????? ??2005??EI????й?????? ??2005??SCI????й?????? ??2005??SCI????????6348??????? ??????????????????????????? ????AutoCad?л????????????ansys?? ??2005??SCI????????3762??????? ??ANSYS??????·??????? ??????????????· ??????????? ??????????п??? ???????????????д??????д ??Adina??????????-????Step by step ?????????????????CAD_CAM_CAE?????????? ??Abaqus(FAQ)-?????????????? ??C++,Fortran??Matlab???????bp?????? ??NoteExpress????????? ?????????????-MATLAB Toolbox ??Mathematica?????????? ??CosmosWorks????????? ??ANSYS ICEM-CFD?????????? ??Marc?????????? ??ALGOR??????????????????????? ??ALGOR??????????? ??ALGOR??????????????? ??ALGOR??????????η???????? ??ALGOR???弸?η????????????? ??ALGOR???????????????????? ??ALGOR???????????????? ??ALGOR???????-?????????? ??ALGOR??????-??????????????? ??Algor?????Ч??? ??????????????????????Thompson?? ??ALGOR????????????????????? ??Word???????(WordHelper)????????? ???????г??????????????滮??? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????(??12??????) ??2006???????????????б???? ????????????????????? ??????????????ROBUST CONTROL METHODS ???????г????? ????????????????о? ???????б?????????????????о? ????MATLAB7.0/Simulink6.0??????濪????????????á????г??? ?????????????????????????о? ??Flac/Flac3D????????? ??algor??????????????????? ??Algor???????????? ??2004????й????????????? ?????????????????????(eBook) ??????????????????????(??-????) ??05????????????????????? ??AutoCAD????????ü??? ????????????(??????????????γ?) ??UG?????????? ???????????6.0 ????? ??Origin 7.0 ?????÷? ??MSC?????????????????????????????? ????????????е??????????????? ?????????????????????? ??Scilab 2.6 windows?????? ??????????????????????(????) ??Zemax Manual?????????????? ??Word ???ˇ?g ?????????????? RUNNING Abaqus 6.4 ????? ??2005????????????????3431????嵥 ??HyperWorks FAQs(???????) ??????SSReader3.9????????????? ?????????:Σ??,????????? ?????iSIGHT???????????(Flash?????codes) ??????SSReader3.9???????????? ??ABAQUS??????????(????FAQs) ??CATIA FAQs??CATIA V5??100?? ????????????????2004?????? ??????ABAQUS???е???????????? ??iSIGHT????????ο?????????? ?????????Matlab7.0??????(??335?) ??ANSYS9.0??????????????? ??ANSYS9.0??????????????? ??Mathematica????????÷??? ?????????????????о????? ??ANSYS9.0??????????????????? ??ANSYS9.0??????????????? ??ANSYS9.0?????????? ??ANSYS9.0????????????????? ??ANSYS9.0??????????????? ??ANSYS9.0????????? ????????????????112? ?????????????????????????????123? ??????????е??????????????169? ???????????????????о????????110? ??????????Щ????????????????????77? ??????????????????????????????100? ????????????????????107? ??????????[????+???+???????] ??MATLAB?????? ??????л????-?????????????о?? ??????????????????-??????? ??IP OVER WDM--???????????? ??ANSYS ICEM CFD ??????? ??LS-DYMA???????????? ?????????????Sciword(Scientific Word) ?????????＼????????·????????? ??SGALAB 1003 Beta3???????????-Matlab Toolbox ???????????????????????????21? ??MSC.Dytran?????????? ??CFX FAQs--???????????? ??ANSYS???ο?????????????? ????????:???н?????????????????о???????? ???????????????????????? ????????????????Statistical Physics ???й??????????????????? ???й??????е??????????? ???й?????????????????? ??????????????Introduction to MEMS ????????????????--????????Shannon???????? ????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????:???????????????????? ?????????????棺???????????????????? ????2006-2007???????????桷 ??Gibson??????????????? ??MSC.Marc2005?????????? ??2006???????????????????????? ??Mike Ashby????How to Write a Paper?? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????????д ??Adina81??Adina84??fortran????? ??COMSOL Multiphysics(Femlab) FAQs ??FEMLAB1.1?????Comsol Multiphysics??????? ??????????????SimulationX?????? ??????????????SimulationX??????? ???????????????The Structural Dynamics MATLAB Toolbox ??[???]???COMSOL Multiphysics(FEMLAB)???????? ??Multiscale Shape Analysis (MSA) Matlab Toolbox 2000 ??Ab Initio Methods in Materials Science(PPT) ??????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????????(??2??)?? ??????????С??????Nanotube coordinate generator with a viewer for Windows ??????????????Mechanics of carbon nanotubes ??ABAQUS/Standard????????????????pdf????? ??????????飺An Introduction to Nanomaterials ??Abaqus ?????? ??Writing in English??A Practical Handbook for Scientific and Technical Writers ????????????й???????д???????? ?????? ??List of Free Numerical Analysis Software ???????????????????SCILAB?????????μ? ??LaTeX??????? ??2004?????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??863?????????????? ??DaiHuiHui??????????е?????????? ?????????C??L??????????? ????λ??????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??л?????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????Χ?????????Щ???? ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????????????????綯??????о? ???????????????????淶?μ???Hopf??????????? ?????????ǹ??????????????? ???й???? ?鼮???? ??VIP For EndNote ??? ?????EndNote????????????? ??????????????????Recent Advances in Optimal Structural Design ????????????????????о? ??CCTV10???????????????690???CHM????? ?????????????磺??????????????? ??????????????????? ???????/????????????????/??????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ?о???? ????Word?????????????д?????? ??ALGOR???????????????????????? ??ALGOR???????? ??ALGOR??????? ??ALGOR??е?????????????????????????????? ??2005??SCI????????????? ??ANSYS Workbench?????????[???] ??2005?????973??????????? ??EndNote?????????? ??EndNote9????????????CDkey??????? ????PDF?????Doc???????SolidConverter PDF ?????Office?????????????? ??NoteExpress???????????????? ??Patran???????????????? ?????????[Lie-group methods] ??Roark??s Formulas for Stress and Strain ????????????е????[???] ????SARSReference??SARS?????桷[????+????] ?????????????????????????[???] ????MATLAB??ANSYS?????????[???] ??MATLAB R2006a????????? ????????????????????????????[???] ??????????????????????????2004?? ???й????????21?????????? ??2002????????????? ??Adams????11??????????????? ??ANSYS ?????????? ??????????????????????á???????? ??????PPT??ANSYS Workbench 9.0 ????????????????棨2004?? ????????????????棨2005?? ??PDF Password Remover(PDF???????) ??????????????????????(??????????????) ??HyperMesh??Abaqus????????? ??????????Electromagnetic Field Theory ??MARC???????????? ????????????·???滮??????? ??????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ??2005???????????????????????? ????????????????????????[???????????] ??KinePak??????????????? ??ALGOR?????????????-??????? ??ALGOR??????????? ??Waters??Ч??????????????? ????????????????????????? ??V??HPLC??? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????鷽??????? ????Ч????????????????????????????? ????Ч??????????????????? ??HPLC?????? V??HPLC??? ?????????????Ч??????(HPLC)?? ??HPLC??????----III??HPLC?? ??HPLC??????----II??????????????? ??HPLC??????----I?????? ???????????????????????GC???? ???????????? ???????????(ECH)???????????г???? ??????????????????(?) ??????????????????(??) ??????????????????(??) ??HPLC??????----V??HPLC??? ??HPLC??????----IV?????????????? ??????????????????(??) ?????????????? ????????????????ж??? ??????????????????(??) ??????????????????(??) ?????????????????Cahn-lngold-Prelog???? ??????????????????(??) ???μ???????????о? ?????л???????????????????????? ???????????????????????о????????? ????????????????? ???????????о??????? ?????????й?????? ?????????????????Fischer???? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????? ???????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????? ???м??? ????????( ????) ??53?????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????ζ?????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????(Solid Phase Extraction SPE)2 ????????:δ??????з?????Ч??????? ???????????????????λ??????? ????????????????????(specific rotation)??? ?????????????????NMR??????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ??????????2004??????? ?????????????????? ????η????????????????????? ???л???????????????? ?????????з?????? ???????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ? ??????? ????????????????????о??????? ??????????d??????????·?? ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????pH ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????е????? ???????????????????????????? ????????????й????? ????(??)???????????????????? ??????γ????????????--??????????γ??????? ????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????о???? ??????-??????????????????е???? ??????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????-??????????????? ?????????????????-?γ?е??????????? ?????????????Ч???????????? ??????????????(S)-TBMB??????????????D-??L-???? ??????γ????????????--????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????? ??DL-????????????????о? ??????????????????? ?????????????????-L-???????? ??????????????????? ??HPLC????????????????????????????? ??????С?????????????????? ??????Τ??????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????(??) ??????????????????????(?) ??????????????? ??(R??S)-??-???????????????HPLC??????? ????????????γ??????? ????Ч?????????????2????????? ??????????????????????? ????CSPI??????????????????????k?????????a ????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????о????? ???????????????????е???? ?????????????????????????????о???? ???????????????(ligase) ??????????????? ??????????????????????????????л??????????? ?????????????(isomerase?? ??????????????(1yase) ???????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ??????????????(hydrolase?? ??????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????л??????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????л??????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????(oxidoreductase ????????????????transferase?? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ????Ч??????????????α?????????е?????α?????????????????? ??????????????? ??HPLC ???????????????????????????о??????? ????????????м???????????????? ???????????????????????????(??) ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ??HPLC??????????????? ??GITC???????????????Ч??????? ??Waters 600E-2487 HPLC??SOP ?????HPLC????????????????????? ????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????? ??HPLC???????ú??????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ????Ч??????????????д???????? ????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ????Ч???????HPLC???????? ??????????????? ??HPLC?????? 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??SCI????????????????? ?????????????д???? ?????????????д???? ???????SCI??????? ????????????--?????????????????????? ??д??????????? ?????????д??????????? ??SCI??Science Citation Index??????????????? ???????????sci??????? ???????SCI??????? ??SCI????????????????? ??????????д????????? ??д???????????????? ??SCI??????????????????2005?? ????????????? ?????????д?? ?????????????????д ????????д?????????? ????SCI????????д????弼?? ?????й?????? ?????д????????????? ?????????????д???? ???????????д?????????????? ????????д?????й????? ?????????????????д ?????д????????????? ????????????е???????? ?????????????????????飨???飩???д ????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????г??????д????? ???????г??????д?????? ????????????д?????????? ??????????????????? ???д????????????? ?????????д?????????(??)????Title ???дSCI??????????? ?????????????????? ????????д??????????? ????????д?????????? ????????д?????????? ??????????д????????? ?????????д?? ?????????????? ???о??????????? ??SCI????????????????? ??SCI??????????????????2005?? ??SCI????????????????? ??????????????? ???????г??????д ??SCI??????????????????2005?? ????????????? ????????????? ?????????д?? ?????????????????д ?????????????????д ?????????д?? ????????д?????й????? ?????д????????????? ?????д????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????????????????????Χ ????????д?????й????? ???????????????????? ????????????????????????ж???? ????????蹲????????????? ????????????????????? ??PCR?????????? ??Mastercycler???PCR??????淶 ????????????ü??? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????к????????? ??????绯?ATP?????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????? ????????? ?????????ǹ?????? ?????ǹ????? ??HPLC???????????????? ??721?????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????ó?? ?????????????????? ??Too many bands on a Western&nbs ??RAPD??????? ??Preparation of nucleic acid probes ??Southern Hybridization Protocols ??Southern Analysis ??Southern Blotting ??SOUTHERN BLOTTING ???????????????????λ????黯???? ??Southern??? ??RFLP??????? ??Southern Blotting ??Southern Blotting: DNA Transfer ??Standard hybridization technique ??Tail Chop Southern Protocol ??Southern blotting ??Southern ??????? ??Southern ????????? ??Non-radioactive Probes ??Northern Blot: Glyoxal/DMSO ??Northern Blotting ??Northern Blot??鷽?? ??Northern Blots ??Northern blot????-??鷽?? ??Northerns ??Pre-hyb/hyb for Radioactive Probes ??Northern Blot ??RNA/Zeta Probe Dot Blotting protocol ??Western Blot with BSA ??RAPD??????? ??western???????--WESTERN BLOT PROTOCOL ??Western Blotting - Antibodies ??CARBONATE TRANSFER SOLUTIONS ??Probing and Stripping of Western Blot ??Western Blotting Protocol ??ECL Western ??Western blotting protocol for 1C2, 3B5H10, and 4C8 Antibodies ??Protocol for anti-HA antibody Western Blotting ??Western Blot/Anti-P-CREB ??Western Blot of TBP from TBP-GST bacteria ??Kamps's Western Blotting Protocol ??Dry Transfer--????????? ??Western blotting using ECL reagent ??Posi blot transfer ??Hybridization of high density arrayed BAC nylon filter blots ??IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION OF NON-RADIOLABELED RNA PROBES TO SECTIONED TISSUE ??DNA in situ hybridization ??mRNA In Situ Hybridization with Nick-Translated Probes ??PREPARATION OF ACID CLEANED SLIDES ??ACCUMULATION & FIXATION OF PLANT METAPHASE CHROMOSOMES ??Squash preparation of plant chromosomes ??Y Chromosome In Situ Hybridization Histochemistry (ISHH) ???λ??????????????????鲽?? ??Practical in situ Hybridization ??Checking Biotin and Digoxigenin labeled Probe ??Hybridization Histochemistry ??RNA Wholemount In situ Hybridization ??In situ hybridization on tissue sections using DIG-labeled RNA probe ??In Situ Hybridization--?λ?????????? ??Non-Radioactive In Situ Hybridization to Sections ??RNA (riboprobe) labeling FOR HYBRIDIZATION HISTOCHEMISTRY ?????????ù????? ??????????????????? ??Western Blotting??????????????? ??In situ hybridization for Epstein Barr Virus-encoded RNA (EBER) ???????Western??????????? ??Western?????? ??????λ??? ??Northern?????? ??Southern?????? ??????λ?????Tissue in situ hybridization?? ???????????鳣???????? ???????? ????????????????????? ??RNA in situ protocol for DNA and RNA probes ???????λ?????colony in situ hybridization?? ???λ????????????????????????? ??cRNA??????λ??????????е???? ??DNA???????????????λ??????????е???? ???λ?????鲽?? ??In situ hybridization ???λ???????????鼼?? ??PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS FOR FISH ?????DNA????????????? ??WHOLE MOUNT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION.Mouse Embryos ??mRNA In Situ Hybridization with Nick-Translated Probes ??In Situ Hybridization ??In Situ Hybridization Using Digoxige ??????????cRNA?????鷽?? ??Autoradiography ??Hiro Hirai's BAC-FISH Protocol ???λ?????????? ??Non-fluorescent protein/RNA double-labeling ???????????Bolton??Hunter??????? ??PRINS???? ??In Situ Hybridisation Protocol ??Hiro Hirai's PRINS Protocol ??Storage of Chromosome Preparations for FISH ??96-well RNA In Situ Hybridization Protocol ??????λ?????FISH??????????鵼???λ????PRINS?????? ??TISSUE PREPARATION FOR IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ??Preparation of Paraffin Sections and Frozen Tissue for FISH ???λ?????????????????????? ??Nick Translation ??In Situ Hybridization Using Digoxige ??Protein-DNA Telomere FISH ??Western?????? ??Western Blot Protocols ??Cell Lysates For Western Blotting ??Western ??????? ???????Western??????????? ??Western Blots ??Western Blot ??western blotting??????? ??Far-Western Blotting ??WESTERN BLOTTING USING CHEMILUMINESCENCE ??Far Western Protocol ??Western Blot ??Stripping Western Membranes ??Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot ??Western Immunoblotting of Proteins ?????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????е??Щ??? ???????????????????? ???????????? ??T cell Activation Protocol ??????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????D????????????? ?????????????????? ??Working Cell Bank ??????????DMEM???????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ??Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies ??Yeast Cell Cycle by Flow Cytome ??Paraformaldehyde ??????????????????????????? ??Phycoerythrin conjugation protocol ???????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????ATP??? ???????????????????????? ??????????????PCR??? ????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ???й???????????????????? ??Electroporation of ES cells ??ES and TS cell freezing/thawing ??ES Cell Culture and Manipulation ?????????????????????[???] ???????????????? ??Culturing HEK 293 Cells ??С????????????????鲽?? ??Lacrimal Experimental Protocol ??Micronucleus Assay in Blood Lymphocy ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??Injection of ES cells into moru ????????????????鷽????Culturing Drosophila c ??ES-cell injection into mouse blastoc ???????????????Drosophila Cell Lines?? ??Preparing 48-Well Plate Feeders ??PC12 Cell Culture and Fusion ??Preparation of Embryonic Extract ??Tissue Culture of PtK1 Cells ??CELL ADHESION ??Matrigel invasion assays ??H-Thymidine Uptake by Cultured Cells ??CELL CYCLE ANALYSIS ??Cell Cycles - Introduction ?????????? ??Chemotaxis Assay ???????????????293??? ???????????????????????????? ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Matrigel invasion assays ??????????????? ??Master Cell Bank ??Freezing and Thawing cells ??Timing of Cycles ??Apoptosis: Miniassay ??Freezing and Thawing Cultured Cells ??Freezing Cells ??Cell Freezing ??Collection of Peritoneal Cells ??Mycoplasma Detection Using DNA Stain ??Liver lymphocyte harvesting ??Osteoblast Harvest Adult Mice ??Quality Control Considerations ??Authentication of Cell Lines ??Viability Cell Count ??Maintenance of Cell Culture ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Subculturing Monolayer Cell Cultures ??Cell Culture Selection Guide ??Hemacytometer Reference Guide ??Subculturing Cells ??Use of a Hemacytometer ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Cell counting with an hemacytometer. ??Trypan blue viability test ??Passaging cells ??Freezer and Cell Line Database ??Infection with retroviruses ??Eukaryote Growth Dynamics ??Growing cells ??Hemacytometer Workbook ??Subculturing Monolayer Cell Cultures ??Culture of endometrial explants ??Subculturing Cells ??Establishment of a Primary Culture ??Maintenance of Cell Culture ??Viability Cell Count ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Cell Culture Selection Guide ??In vitro culture of embryonic l ??Neuron Cell Culture ??Tissue Culture Methods ??Lung Organ Culture ??Thawing Cells (Schreiber's protocol) ??Introduction to Animal Cell Culture ??T cell Activation Protocol ??Tissue Culture Media ??Slice and Explant Culture ??ORGANOTYPIC LIMB CULTURES ??ORGANOTYPIC KIDNEY CULTURES ??Stock solutions for tissue culture ??Solutions for Tissue/Cell Digestion ??Serum Thawing & Heat Inactivation ??Subculture of Suspension Cell Lines ????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????鷽?? ?????????/?????????? ?????????????????? ??Western??????? ??????????DNA????? ??TUNEL labeling ??DNA???鼼??-???? ?????????????????? ????Ч???????????HPLC?? ?????鶯???????RNA????? ????????RNA?????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ??MAPK????·?о????? ??Neutralizing Bioassay Protocols ??????????? ?????????? ??Cytokine Bioassays ??SAPK/Jun kinase assays ??Pheromone Halo Assay ??The Under-Agarose Migration Assay ??Chemotaxis Assay Using Microchemotaxis&nb ??In Vitro T Cell Activation ??In Vitro T Cell Activation ??Pheromone Halo Assay ????????????о????? ??SAPK/Jun kinase assays ??Chemotaxis Assay Using Microchemotaxis&nb ??The Under-Agarose Migration Assay ??Cytokine Bioassays ??MAPK????·?о????? ??Neutralizing Bioassay Protocols ??Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation ??JC-1?????????????λ????? ???????????????????? ??????????????е??????????е???? ?????????????? ???о?????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????鷽????? ??Timing of Cycles ??MTT assay for cell proliferation ??NK-cell cytotoxicity assay ??3H-Thymidine Uptake by Cultured Cell ??H-Thymidine Uptake by Cultured Cells ??Cell Viability Assay ??Soft Agar Assay ??cell proliferation assay ??Determination of IC50 ??Cytotoxicity Assays Protocol ??Crystal Violet Assay ??MTT Cell Proliferation Assay ?????????????????????? ??Tubulin Basics ??Lysosome Isolation in Isotonic Sucro ??Actin Capture Assay ???????????????????????鷽????PI??Brdu) ??Lysosome Isolation in Isotonic Sucro ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??Em observations of microsomes ??Preparation of tubulin ??Organelle DNA Library Construction ??SDS Gel Electrophoresis of TubulinM ??TEM Visualization of Microtubules ??Immunofluorescent Localization of Tubulin ??Tubulin Polymerization with GTP/GMPCPP/Ta ?????????????? ??MT Spindowns from Extracts ??Isolation of Microtubules (Bovine Br ??Recycling Tubulin ??Large Scale Tubulin Preparation ??CHO Centrosome Prep ??????????PI??????? ??????????DNA??? ??????????????????? ?????????????? ????С?????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????С???????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????MOI???????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????PI?????? ?????????(?) ?????????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??MTS?????????? ???????????????????????Heochst 33342/PI????? ???????????????????????Annexin V/PI????? ?????????????????? ??MTT?????????? ?????????????? ??MTT??CMC ??4С?51Cr???????CMC???? ???????????????????? ??????????е??????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????????????????ATP ????????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????(???) ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??????????????HL??60??????????????????? ??????????????HL??60???????????????????? ??????????г???????????? ???????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ?? ?? ????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???????С????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????? ???????С?????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ???????? ??PAS???? ??H.E???? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????????????????? ????????_??????????????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????_????????鵼???????? ????????_?????????鵼???????? ????????-???????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????ο??? ??δ??????????????? ????????????????????????word??? ????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????(?) ?????????????????????????????--X-VIVO ??????????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????word??? ?????????????? ???????????е?????????? ?????漰??????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ???????黯???????д??????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??С????????????????鲽?? ???????????????? ????Ч???????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ??С??????????????? ??Percoll?????????????????????????????????????? ??PC12 Cell Culture and Fusion ??Culturing HEK 293 Cells--????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??Ficoll????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????й??????????? ???????????й??????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????·?????? ????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????·?????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????????估???????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??Viruses???????? ??Archaea???????? ??EMBnet?????? ??Vertebrates???????? ??Human???????? ??????????????????????? ??Bacteria???????? ??Invertebrates???????? ??Plants???????? ??Fungi???????? ??Insects???????? ??Mitochondrion and chloroplast???????? ??EMBnet ????? ???????????????--????? ????????????к??????? ?????????????????? ??ARGO????????? ????????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????λ?? ??BxAF?????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ????????????????? ???????:??????????ü??????? ??Elsevier Science??????? ??Cookie????? ?????????????? ??Google?????????? ??Chemical Business NewsBase??????鼰???????? ??Pharmaprojects??????鼰???????? ??Derwent Journal of Synthetic Methods??????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??hashimoto???????? ??????Blackwell???????? ??SD??????? ??VPN??md??EZ???? ??huangwei98???????? ????????????????????? ?????й??????????? ?????????????(3) ?????????????(2) ????μ???????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????(1) ????ο???????????????? ???λ?????????????· ??SCI(?????????????????? ??????????????桢???????????????????漰????Scirus ???л????????? ????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????? ??LocusLink???? ??Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)???? ????????????????? ????????---????γ?μ?????????????? ??Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins(COG)???? ??????????????????? SCI ,EI, ISTP ISR ??UniGene Resources ??NCBI?????????? ??NCBI??Coffee Break ??NCBI??????????о????? ??NCBI(???????????＼?????????)????? ??NCBI(???????????＼?????????)??? ??????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????? ??Insects???????? ??Mitochondrion and chloroplast???????? ??Invertebrates???????? ??Archaea???????? ??Viruses???????? ??????????????????????? ??Fungi???????? ??Bacteria???????? ??Vertebrates???????? ??EMBnet?????? ??Human???????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????估???????????? ??Plants???????? ??EMBnet ????? ?????????? ????????????????? ??E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol&n ??Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe ??Total Bacterial RNA Labeling with&nb ??Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe ??Genomic DNA Labeling Protocol ??Amino-allyl Reverse Transcription ??????о???DNA????У??????????е?????????輼?? ??Protocol for Reverse Transcription a ??Preparation of Slides ??Preparation of DNA Samples ??SD??????? ??????google????????? ?????????? ??????????б? ??????Blackwell???????? ?????????? ??JSTOR ????? ??SeqAnalRef?????з???????ο?????? ????????????????? ?????????SCI????? ????????????????? ??Google?????????????鱨?? ??????????(????????????????) ??Chemical Business NewsBase??????鼰???????? ?????FinePrint pdfFactory Pro???????????? ????????????? ??TOXNET?????????????????? ??KSC ?????????????? ??VPN??md??EZ???? ??????CNKI?????? ???й?????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????? ?????й??????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ???й?????????????? ??NASA?????????????? ???й????????????? ???й??????????????? ??ARGO????????? ?????????????????????? ??CNKI????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????λ?? ?????????????? ??LocusLink???? ??BxAF?????????????? ??????RefSeq??NCBI?ο????? ??Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins(COG)???? ??Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)???? ????????????????????? ??UniGene Resources ????ο???????????????? ??DNAMAN????÷?????? ?????????????λ?????? ??Google?????????? ???????:??????????ü??????? ???????????????????---????????????? ???????????????????---????? ???????????????????---?? ???????????????????????? ??????google??????? ???????????????????---??????????? ???????????????????---RNA???? ?????????SCI????? ????????????? ???????????????????---??????????Motif ???????????????????---??????????? ???????????????????---????? ????????????????? ?????ezproxy????????? ????????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????---???????? ???????????????????---??л?·????????? ???????????????????---??????????? ???????????????????---????????????? ???????????????????---??????????? ??PDF??????????? ?????FinePrint pdfFactory Pro???????????? ???????????????????---??????????? ??????????????????? ???????о?? ???й????????????????? ??????CNKI?????? ??CNKI????????? ??????RefSeq??NCBI?ο????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????---??????? ?????????????????? ??ebrary???????? ?????????NATURE?????÷??? ???????????????????---????????? ???????????????????---???????????? ??????????????????Science Links Japan ??"???IP????????????Χ"?????????? ??????google????????? ????????У??? ??????????????????? ??free??????? ??Google?????????????鱨?? ?????????????λ?????? ????CA????????????????STN ??????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??LIBSVM???????÷??? ??LIBSVM Tools ??Free Medical Journal ??Springer ???? ???й?????????????о???/???? ???????????????? ???????? ???????????? ???й????????????--CNKI ??PubMed Central ??NCBI(???????????＼?????????)??? ??NCBI??????????о????? ??NCBI??Coffee Break ??NCBI?????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????NATURE?????÷??? ???????о?? ???????????????????---????? ???????????????????---?? ???????????????????---RNA???? ???????????????????---????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????google??????? ??SCI(?????????????????? ????μ???????????????????? ???л????????? ??????????????????? ???λ?????????????· ???????????????????---??????????? ???????????????????---??????????Motif ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????---??????????? ??????????????????? SCI ,EI, ISTP ISR ????????---????γ?μ?????????????? ???????????????????---????? ???????????????????---???????? ??????????????? ??huangwei98???????? ???????????????????---??????????? ???????????????????---??л?·????????? ??????????????桢???????????????????漰????Scirus ???????????????????---??????????? ???????????????????---????????????? ???????????????? ????????? ???????????????????---??????????? ??Cookie????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????? ??hashimoto???????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????---??????? ???????????????????---????????? ??Elsevier Science??????? ????????????????? ???????????????????---???????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????D?DScience Links Japan ??"???IP????????????Χ"?????????? ???й????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????λ?????? ???????????????????????? ????????????? ??ProQuest?λ????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????У??? ??ebrary???????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ??CrossFire???????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ??free??????? ??????????????? ?????ezproxy????????? ??PDF??????????? ??Pharmaprojects??????鼰???????? ?????????????????? ??????????????? ??EMBASE????????????????? ??CAB???????? ????????????? ??Derwent Journal of Synthetic Methods??????????????? ??????????????? ???????????????????UPDATE????? ????????????????? ????CA????????????????STN ???????????????? ????л?????????????л????????? ???????黯????????? ??Histochemical assays for plant secti ?????????????黯?????? ???????黯???????д??????????????????? ???????黯??????????????????????? ???????黯???????????????????? ????????[Antigen repair] ??????????壨McAb?????????????忹????????? ????????????????(Indirect agglutination reaction technique) ??????????????????Direct agglutination reaction technique?? ????????????????Complement fixation reaction technique???? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????岡????? ????????????????????????????????????? ???к???????(Neutralization test technique) ??????????弼????? ?????????弼????Polyclone antibodies preparation technique?? ??Protein A Purification of Antibody ???????????????? ??????????弼?? ????????????????? ??Protein G Purification of Antibodies ??????????????????????????? ??125I??????????弼?? ??Purification Of Anti Peptide Antibod ??Purification of mAb (IgG) ????????????????????? ??Antibody Purification ???????????????????? ??AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF ANTIBODIES ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????? ???????γ??? ??????????????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies ??Antibody Labeling ??Recipies for Cell Fusion ??Fusion and Cloning ??Monoclonal Antibody Production ??Biotinylation of Antibody ??Protocol for Cell Fusion ??Conjugation of Antibody to HRP ??General Fusion Protocol ?????????????????????弼?? ????????? ???????????弼?? ??How Do I make an Antibody ?????????????(Precipitation reaction technique) ??introduction to antibody ??ELISA???????????????? ??Making antibodies to synthetic pepti ??Testing Rabbit Bleeds By Elisa ??125I??????????弼?? ??Purification Of Anti Peptide Antibod ??ELISA ?????е?????????? ??[ELISA]?????????Quaility Control,Q.C?????? ???????????????????[ELISA]??????????? ???????????????????[ELISA]???????? ??BA-ELISA ??ELISA????? ?????ELISA????Ч??????????????????????? ???????????(Immunoenzymatic technique)???? ??Making ELISA using good antibodies ??PCR????????--PCR??ELISA ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??ELISA ??ELISA ??Immunoblot Protocol ??Sandwich ELISA ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??COMPETITION ELISA ??ELISA??????? ??Sandwich ELISA Protocol ??ELISA??????????? ??ELISA???????????????? ??ELISA????䴙????????????? ?????ELISA????Ч??????????????????????? ??ELISA???????? ??ELISA??????????????? ??Live Cell ELISA Protocol ??Indirect ELISA ??Gangliosides ELISA protocol ??ELISA with Platelet ??Peptide Inhibition ELISA Protocol ??ELISA Inhibition Assay ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??Competitive ELISA ??ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoadSorbent Assa ???????????????飨ELISA????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????弼?? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ??Fluorochrome Absorption and Emission ??Fluorescence Mounting Medium (Antifade) ??FLUORESCENT STAINING OF CELLS ??Antibody cleanup ????????????????????? ??BrdU incorporation assay ???????????????????????????? ??Anti-HA Immunocytology ????????????濹?????CD????????(CD1-CD247) ??Immunofluorescence ????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??Immunofluorescence of Cells ?????嶯??????????????? ??????????? ??Large-scale Immunocytology ??Staining for Surface Receptors ???????T????????CTL?????????????? ??General Immunofluorescence Protocol ??Staining for total receptors ????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ??HLA?????????? ??peritoneal macrophage preparation ??Phagocytosis ??Enrichment of PBMCs with monocytes ??T and B cell Isolation ??erythrophagocytosis assay ??macrophage dichloromethylene diphosphonate ???????????????????? ???????????????鼼?? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????е???? ??????????????????? ???????????????????Щ???? ??????????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ??Preparing Colloidal Gold for Electro ????????????????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??Immunostaining Protocol ??ELISA ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????崿?? ??Silver Enhancement of Colloidal Gold ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??Preparing Colloidal Gold for Electro ??Introduction to Immunocytochemistry ??IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY ??Immunostaining Protocol ??FIXATION WITH FORMALDEHYDE-ACETONE ??serotec??????鷽?? ??Immunocytochemistry ??Fixation with Glutaraldehyde ??Freeze Substitution ?????????????????? ???????????????似??(IRMA) ??????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ???????黯????????????м???????? ???????????????????е???? ????????? ???????????? ???????黯С??? ????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????鼰????? ????????????????????????????????о???? ?????????????????????????(Breast carcicnoma) ??????????????????????????е???? ??????????????Immunoelectrophoresis technique ??????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????黯??????? ???????黯???????????? ???????黯???????е???????? ???????黯???????д??????????????????? ??Expanding Hybridoma Clones ??monoclonal antibody production fusion ??Antibody Conjugation Protocol ??Testing Rabbit Bleeds By Elisa ??Purification Of Anti Peptide Antibody ??Coupling Peptides To Resin For Affinity Purification ??ANTIBODY BINDING TO PROTEIN A AND PROTEIN G ??Hybridoma Production ??Purification of Endotoxin Free mAbs ??Notes on Making Rat x Y3 Monoclonal Antibody Producing Hybridomas ??Monoclonal Antibody Production ??Fusion Protocol ??Polyclonal Antibody Production ?????????????????????western??ELISA?????? ??125I??????????弼?? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????弼?? ????Ч?????????С????е???????? ??Sepharose CL-4B?????????????IgG??IgG???? ??DEAE-Sephadex A-50????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??FITC?????????? ??HRP (?????????????) ?????????? ????????壭HRP????????????????????????????????????? ??FITC??RB200?????????弼?? ?????????????????????? ??PH????????????о???? ??A chemokine-driven positive feedback loop organizes lymphoid follicles ??Chemokine control of HIV-1 infection ??SANDWICH ELISA protocol ??Introduction to Antibodies - Appendix ??ELISA FOR DETECTING SECRETED ICAM-1 ??Introduction to Antibodies - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) ??Sandwich ELISA ??Basic ELISA Protocol ??DETECTION OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS BY ELISA ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??DIRECT ELISA USING FLUORESCENT SUBSTRATE PROTOCOL ??DIRECT ELISA PROTOCOL ??ELISA protocol ????? ??ELISA??????????????Ч?? ????????????????????? ??ELISA Inhibition Assay ??T??????????? ??EAC??廨?????? ?????????廨?????? ??EA??廨?????? ?????????????A????(SPA)???? ??????????????淽?? ?????λ???λ????黯???????黯????? ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????羵????????? ????????鷽???????? ????????????羵???????????????? ?????????羵????????? ???????????????[RIA] ???????????????????????? ???????ELISA??????2a,??2b??????(??2a,??2b) ???????ELISA????????????????2????(sIL-2R) ??????????????-??(TNF-??)?????????? ????????????????????????? ??С?????????????黯??? ???????ELISA???????????8(IL-8) ??ConA???С????????????IL-1???????????? ???????????2(IL-2)???????????? ?????EL-4 CTLL???IL-1????????? ????????(IFN)??????????? ???????????6(IL-6)??????????? ??ConA???С????????????IL-1???????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????:?????? ???????????????????????(APAAP)?????黯????????????????? ??Percoll?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????γ????? ??125I??????????徺????????? ???????????????????????黯?е???? ??Ficoll????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????е???? ???????????(McAb)???????????????????2a??????(rHuIFN-??2a) ????Ч?????????С????е???????? ??Sepharose CL-4B?????????????IgG??IgG???? ????????????(Dot Immunobinding Assay, DIBA) ??DEAE-Sephadex A-50????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????弼?? ????????? ?????????????????????弼?? ??HRP?????????? ?????????????(Precipitation reaction technique) ??125I??????????弼?? ??Dot??IGSS?????????忹?? ??SPA??????? ????????????????????? ??TransWell Chemotaxis ???????????????????????? ??Needle Assay for Chemotaxis ??GTP??S-induced Inhibition of Binding ??10% FORMAL SALINE ??ELASTIC VAN GIESON (EVG) ??70% Ethanol Fixation 70%?????? ??Low-melt Polyester Embedding ??????????? Paraffin Embedding ??Microdissection Overview ??????? ??Immuno-Laser Capture Microdissection ??Manual Microdissection ??????? ??DNA-based Studies Processing of Microdissected Tissue for Molecular Analysis ??RNA-based Studies Processing of Microdissected Tissue for Molecular Analysis ??Processing of Microdissected Tissue for Molecular Analysis ??Slide Preparation for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) ??Slide Preparation for Manual Microdissection ??Histotechniques ?????????-TISSUE CULTURE STOCK SOLUTIONS AND MEDIA ???????RNA???????--Arabidopsis RNA extraction protocol ?????????????ó?????--C. elegans Gene Knockout Protocol ??Simplified Arabidopsis Transformation Protocol ??Generating males by heat shock(worms) ????浰?????--Making Protein Gel Samples from Worms ?????????????-Worm genomic Southern blots ?????????RNA???--C. elegans RNA prep ??Cleaning Worm Stocks--??????? ?????????--Culturing Worms ??worms Response to food assay ??N2 development times at different temperatures ????????--Freezing Worms ??Microinjecting worms ????????????--Liquid culture of worms ??Preabsorbing Antisera with C. elegans Acetone Powder ??Dye Filling to Stain Amphid and Phasmid Neurons ??Integrating extrachromasomal arrays into the C. elegans chromosomes ??Lethal phase determination ???????????--DROSOPHILA HEAD COLLECTION ??DROSOPHILA DNA PREP ??IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ON SCHNEIDER LINE 2 CELLS ??IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ON WHOLE MOUNT EMBRYOS ??DROSOPHILA RNA PREP ??IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ON Drosophila BRAINS ??In Situ HYBRIDIZATION TO TISSUE SECTIONS ??Drosophila RNAi Screening ??Cuticle preparations ??Arabidopsis Seed Collection ??ARABIDOPSIS TRANSFORMATION ??CSF Extract Prep for Spindle Assembly ??Protocol for vacuum-infiltration transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana ??Antibody Staining of Imaginal Discs ??Antibody Staining of Ovaries ??Antibody Staining of Larval Imaginal Discs ??Whole mount in situ hybridization with digoxygenin probes ??Crude Extract Immunodepletion ??HSS Extract Immunodepletion ???λ????????? ??Western Blotting and Immunostaining Protocol ???????????--Immunofluroescence Technique ??Probing and Stripping of Western Blot ?????????λ??????--Immunofluorescent Localization of Tubulin ??Large-scale immunofluorescence ??Immunocytology using the HA epitope ??????????????????????????????? ??Yeast IF without Dehydration--?????????????????????) ??Antibody cleanup--??????????? ??Immunofluorescence in yeast-?????????? ??????????????--Immunofluorescent Staining of Yeast:SDS Permeabilization Metho ??ELISPOT ?????? ??????????????????????????-Immunofluorescence Protocol for Confocal Microscopy ??Indirect Immunofluorescence ??ELISpot Assay Principle ??ELISPOT-????????????? ?????????????????????????-Purification of human mononuclear cells and neutrophi ????????????-Macrophage depletion by clodronate ??peritoneal macrophage preparation ??Human ELISPOT ??ELISPOT Assays Visualize the Secretory Product of Individual Cells ??T-cell dependent antigen specific in situ staining (Pe) ??Isotype-specific immunostaining with mouse primary antibodies on mouse tissue ??Double Immunohistochemistry ??Immunohistochemistry on fixed, paraffin-embedded sections ??Double immunofluorescence staining for BCL-6 and else ??Double immunohistochemistry for BCL6 and PNA for Germinal Center detection ??Dissociated Retina Immunohistochemistry ??IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY on PARAFFIN OR CRYOSECTIONS ???????黯????-Immunohistochemical Protocols ??Immunohistochemistry ??Immunohistochemistry Protocol-Cytokine Antibodies ??IHC Protocol for Free Floating Brain Sections ??Immunohistochemistry / Immunocytochemistry Procedures ??Blocking of unwanted non-specific staining ??DETECTION OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS BY ELISA ??BA-ELISA ??????-?????ELISA ??Indirect ELISA ??Gangliosides ELISA protocol ??Basic ELISA Protocol ??ELISA with platelets ??Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) for NGF ??Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies ??AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF ANTIBODIES ??Preparation Of Peptide-KLH Conjugates For Immunization ??ELISA PROTOCOL ??Yale University ?? ??SPA?????? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA?????? ??SPA??Э????????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ????⿹?????? ??SPA????? ??????????????? ??SPA??Э????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ??ELISA??????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??IgG????????? ?????????????? ??????PCR (Immuno PCR, Im-PCR) ???????????(immunofluorescence) ?????弼?? ???????????? ??????????弼??????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA?????? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA?????? ??SPA????? ??SPA??Э????????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??SPA??Э????????? ?????????????羵???? ??????????? - ??????????? ??SPA????? ??????????? - ???????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??Immunoprecipitation of metabolically labe ??Preparation of Modifed Radioimmunoprecipi ??Embryo Lysates & Immunoprecipitation ????????????羵???? ??Vital Staining of Chromosomes with&n ??Progesterone receptor_BrdU double Immunof ??STAINING NONFILAMENTOUS ACTIN WITH V ??Preparing a cell block from cel ?????嶯??????????????? ??Yeast IF without Dehydration ??Yeast IF with Methanol/Acetone Dehyd ??Immunofluroescence Technique ??Making Boiled Donkey (or whatever)&n ??SPA?????? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA????? ??SPA??Э????????? ??SPA?????? ??Preparation of cytospin from single& ??CHAPS Insoluble Floating Fraction Pr ??SPA????? ??SPA??Э????????? ??Ammonium Sulfate Binding Assay for&n ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??The production of monoclonal antibod ??????????о????--CD44 ??CD44 ??CD44??????V6??V7/8???С???????е???Ｐ??????? ??MTX???? ????????(MTX) ??C. elegans whole mount immunohistochemistry with Bouin's Fixative ??С???????????--??????????? ??Cryotomy ????????????????? ????????????? Processing tissues for light microscopy ???羵?????????? Specimen preparation for electron microscopy ?????????????????????? Preparation of tissue section adhesives ??Histological fixatives ???????????????? ??Preparation and use of Zamboni??s-fixed Frozen Sections in Immunohistochemistry ???????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????????EDTA???????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????? Stain for argyrophil granules ??GRIMELIUS ???????? Parrafin Sectioning ???????????????????????????Histochemical Staining ??????????? Stain for Sperm Acrosomes ???????黯???????????????? ??Connective Tissue Stain for Muscle Biopsy :GOMORI TRICHROME ?????? Glutaraldehyde ???????ß?????????????????????? ??????????????????? Rapid Processing of Fresh Tissue into Paraffin ??FOUCHET METHOD stain for bile ??????????и? Laser Microdissection protocols ??POLY-L-LYSINE COATED SLIDES ??GIEMSA FOR Helicobacter pylori ??3-AMINOPROPYLTRIETHOXYSILANE TREATED SLIDES ??????? 4% paraformaldehyde ????????DMAP??? ??Preparation of Triazoles by Organometallic Addition to Ketones ???????????????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????β?????? ??Tips and hints for the storage& ??Fusion is an important procedure&nbs ??Antigen Design & Sera Purification&n ??Fusion of Mouse, Rat, or Hamste ????????????(Immune colloidal gold tech ??Single Cell Cloning by Serial D ??Peroxidase Conjugation by Periodate ??Cloning by Limiting Dilution of ??Preparation Of Peptide-KLH Conjugates&nbs ??SPA?????? ??Preparation Of Peptide-KLH Conjugates&nbs ??Protocol for Limiting Dilutions ??Immunization Protocol for Monoclonal ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??Polyclonal Antibody Production ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??SPA????? ??Coupling Peptides To Resin For ??GST-fusion protein injection into ra ??Immunocytochemistry: Common problems and& ??SPA??Э????????? ??Immunostaining of Cells Adherent to& ??Immunohistochemistry: Fluorescence Protocol&nb ??Embedding in Resins for Immunocytoch ??PREPARATION OF ANTI-BLEACHING MOUNTING&nb ??Immunofluorescence on ultrathin resin&nbs ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA?????? ??SPA????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??SPA??Э????????? ??IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PROL ??IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PROL ??macrophage dichloromethylene diphosphonate) ??Purification of human mononuclear ce ??SPA?????? ??SPA?????? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA????? ??SPA??Э????????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??SPA????? ?????????????羵??鼼?? ??CST???? Western Blot ?????? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA??Э????????? ??SPA?????? ??SPA????? ??SPA???IgG ??????????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ??SPA??Э????????? ??IgG????????? ??SPA???? ??E??廨?????? ??????????(Immune colloidal gold) ?????????????羵 ????????????? ??SPA????? ???????????????? ????????????羵 ??????羵 (Immune electron microscopy) ????????????? ???????羵 ??SPA?????? ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??????? ??SPA????? ??SPA??Э????????? ??SPA ??????????????飨SPA-ELISA?? ????????黯??(?????黯??) ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????????(PAP)????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????弼????????? ???????????(ELISA) ????????????? ?????????????? ???????????(immunofluorescence) ???????????? ??????PCR (Immuno PCR, Im-PCR) ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ??IgM????????? ??IgA????????? ??IgG????????? ??????????????? ??????PCR (Immuno PCR, Im-PCR) ??The Restriction Enzyme Database ????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ????????б???Enzymes Generating Blunt Ends ????????б???Enzymes Generating 5'-protrudi ?????????ü??????????????? ?????????ü???????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????ü???????????????? ??CD???????1996?? ????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??L-?????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????????塢???????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????????????1999?棩 ???????????????????? ????????????????Windows ?棩 ????????????? ?????????ж?????????????? ?????????????????????????ɡ? ??????????????? ???????ж?????????????? ????????ж?????????????? ???????????ж?????????????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ?????ü?????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????Χ ????????????ж?????????????? ???л????ж?????????????? ??????? ???ж??????????????? ????????ж?????????????? ??????ж?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ??????????????ж? ???????ж?????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????豸?????? ???????????????÷??? ?????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????????ж?????????????? ?????ж?????????????? ?????ж?????????????? ????ж?????????????? ???Щ???????????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????????10?????????????????100??????ж???????? ????????????????????? ??X???????????? ?????????????????? ????????ж?????????????? ?????ж?????????????? ???????????ж?????????????? ????????ж??θ ??????-????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????ж?????????????? ??????????ж? ????????????????????? ????????ж?????????????? ????????????? ??????ж?????????????? ?????? ????????????????????????ù??? ?????????????????? ?????????????? ??Basta Selection ??Complementation in Arabidopsis ??Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA)?? ??PLANTING SEED ??GUS Staining of Pollen ??Pollen Tube Germination Media ?????????????--Preparing Soil for Planting ??????????--Sterilizing Seed ??????????western blotting ??Progeny analysis of plants ??Seed sterilization for cereals ????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????--?????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????(?????????????LOWRY??) ???????????????????? ??Sterile Technique ????????????????) ??Removal of Counts : NaOH Method ??Light Microscopy--???????????? ??Use of Light Microscope-????????????? ??YAC TRANSFER by KAR1 ??Sending Strains ??Frozen Permanents ??FROGGING ??Yeast sporulation (liquid) ??Quick Yeast Transformation ??ChIP Protocol-Mechanical Breakage & FA Lysis Buffer ??FLOW CYTOMETRY ??FACS Machine Instructions ??CHIP PROTOCOL FOR YEAST ??CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (CHIP) PROTOCOL FOR YEAST ??0.5M EDTA ??20X SSPE BUFFER ??10X TBE BUFFER ??SCE ??SPECTROPHOTOMETER INSTRUCTIONS ??POSI BLOT SOLUTIONS ??Zymolyase (3mg/ml) ??GLASS BEADS ??Oxalyticase (1mg/ml) ??ALPHA FACTOR ARREST AND RELEASE ??Ampicillin(50mg/ml) ??BLOTTING W/ BSA ??Sterile Technique--?????????????????? ??UPDATED DIRECTIONS FOR NEW BRUNSWICK MOBILE PILOT PLANT FERMENTOR ??PEAS Labeling Gcn4-cys ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ??Use of Light Microscope--????????????? ??Fluorescence Mounting Medium (Antifade) ??Protocols: Acid Cleaning Coverslips ??Removal of Counts : NaOH Method ??Light Microscopy--???????? ??Appendix F: Centrifugation ??Exposing gels and plates containing radioactive samples to X-ray film ??Appendix H: Radioactive tracers ??Autoradiography using Emulsion-coated Coverslips ??Use of HMS Genetics Confocal Microscope ??Basic Theoretical Principles--??????????? ??Single-channel Protocols and Data Analysis ??????????????????? ??The Practice of Patch Clamping--??????? ??How to interrupt scintillation? ???????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????? ??96-well Plate Dual Luciferase Assay--96???????????? ???????????????? ??RT??PCR???HeLa????Ц?3-actin????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????25?棩 ????????????????? ????????г?????????????? ???????????????????????pH? ??????????????????? ?????ú???????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ????????????鷨 ??? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ????鱨?????д ??Marker???DIY ??????????????????????? ??????С?????????? ???????λ???????????λ???_ ???????λ????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????(programmed cell death,PCD) ??????С??(apoptotic body) ??ced-4 ????ced-4 gene?? ?????????(necrosis) ??ced-3 ????ced-3 gene?? ?????????????(phospholipid exchang proteins, PEP) ??????(flippase) ?????????(cytosol) ????????(sarcoplasmic reticulum) ????????P-450(cytochrome P-450) ?????????(cell death) ???????(free radical) ??Hayflick????(Hayflick life span) ????????(cellular aging??cell senescence) ??????????(muscle stem cell) ????????(endoplasmic reticulum, ER) ???????(microsomes) ??С??????(transport by vesicles) ????????????(smooth endoplasmic reticulum, SER) ????????????(rough endoplasmic reticulum, RER) ????????(neural stem cell??NSCs) ??????????(hematopoietic stem cell??HSC) ??????????histological engineering?? ????????????unipotent stem cell?? ????????????pluripotent stem cell?? ??????????(cytoplasmic membrane system) ???????????(membrane-bound organelles) ???????(endomembrane systems) ?????????(across membrane transport) ?????????(transport through nuclear pore) ????????????????? Molecular Weights of Commonly Used Chemicals ????????????????? Calculating Amounts of Nucleic Acids ??????????? The Genetic Code ??????Tm??????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????? Toxic dose of antibiotics for cell lines ??P32??????????????? P32 Autoradiographic Exposure Times ???????????? The Restriction Enzyme Database (REBASE) ????????????? Codon Usage Database ??Pichia?????????? ?????????????????? Culture of Dissociated Cortical Neurons ??Co-staining with Thioflavin S & Carboxyfluorescein ??Beta-Gal staining in primary neurons ??????????о????? Modern Techniques in Neuroscience Research ???????????????С??С????? Dissociated Cultures of Cerebellar Neurons ??Investigating the behavioral displays of male Siamese fighting fish ??Alcohol Consumption ??Cocaine-stimulated Locomotor Activity Testing Protocol ??Water Maze Escape Learning Task ??Features of the Husbandry to be Equated Across Labs ??Locomotor Activity Testing Protocol ??Protocol for Elevated Plus Maze ??Protocol for Rotarod Coordination testing ??Procedures Common to the First Five Behavioral Tests ??Quick and simple mouse forebrain commissure anatomy ??Banker Culture Hippocampal Dissection ??Principles of Surgery ?????????????г???????????? ?????????????С??-Adenovirus Cre Intranasal Infection Information & Protocol ??Embedding, Sectioning, and Mounting of Frozen Tissues ??Genotyping from mouse tails ????β??????????-Making collagen solution from lyophilized rat tail collagen ??Bovine Rectal Palpation ????????????????????????TUNEL??????????? ??Differential Staining of Live and Dead Embryos using Fluorescein Diacetate ??FAM caspase 8 and 9 binding assay for embryos ????????????????廷?? ?????????TUNEL???-TUNEL procedure for preimplantation embryos ??ARNT Knockout genotyping by PCR ??Ahr transgenic genotyping by PCR ??Ahr knockout genotyping by PCR ??ARNT transgenic genotyping by PCR ??Cyp1a2 genotyping by PCR ????鶯???????????????????????? ????鶯?????????? ?????????????????鶯???????????????? ?????????С??????LD50??? ???????ó?--Gene Knockout Protocols ????鶯??????????????????鷽????? ??????????????? ?????????--Transgenic Mouse-Methods and Protocols ????鶯??????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????? ????????????????? ??MS Plant Tissue Culture Medium ??The Hill Reaction ??Isolation of Mitochondria ??DAPI?? ??Isolation of Chloroplasts from Spinach Leaves ??Photosynthesis by Respirometry ??Chlorophyll Content ??Respiration: Succinic Dehydrogenase ??Cytochrome Oxidase Manometric Analysis ??Respiration of Mitochondria ?????????-Aniline Blue Staining of Pollen/Pollen Tubes ????????(spectrin) ?????????? ??????(membrane skeleton) ???????(biomembrane,or biological membrane) ????????(plasma membrane) ?????????? ??????????(assembly reaction factor, ARF) ????????? ?????嵰?????(coatmer protein??, COP??) ??СGTP??????(small GTP binding protein) ???????(cytoplasmic membrane) ??????(cell membrane) ???(membrane) ?????????(cell sociology) ??????????(cytoskeletonic system) ?????С??(clathrin-coated pit) ???ν????(adaptin, AP) ???????(clathrin) ???????????????(genetic expression system) ??????????(dynamin) ??COP???С??(COP??coated vesicle) ????????????(biomembrane system) ????????(eucaryotic cell) ???????(mesosome) ???????(Bacteria, eubacteria) ??COP???С??(COP?? coated vesicle) ?????????С??(clathrin-coated vesicle) ?????????????(low-density lipoprotein, LDL) ?????????(transferrin) ???????????(transcytosis) ????????(prokaryotic cell) ?????????(self assembly) ???????(archaebacteria) ????????(splicesome) ????????(primosome) ??????(ligand) ????????(fusion protein) ??????????(pinocytosis) ??????????(phagocytosis) ??????鵼??????????(receptor-mediated endocytosis) ?????????(cytogenetics) ????????(template assembly) ??????????(cytophysiology) ??????(domain) ????????(cytochemistry) ??????????(exocytosis) ?????(shock) ?????????(cell secretion) ?????????????(constitutive secretory pathway) ??????????????(regulated secretory pathway) ??????(mycoplasma) ??????????????(molecular biology of the cell) ????????????protoplasm theory?? ???????????(molecular biology) ???????(cell theory) ??M6P???嵰??(M6P receptor protein) ??????(endosome) ??????(silicosis) ??????????????(glycogen storage disease type ??) ??????(signal patch) ??????????(cell biology) ?????????(potoplast) ???????(cell plasma) ?????(cell) ??????????(autophagy) ??????????(autolysis) ??p53???? ??????????(phagocytosis) ?????????????(heterolysosome) ?????????????(autolysosome) ??src????(sarcoma gene) ?????????proto-oncogene?? ????????(oncogene) ??RB???? (Retinoblastoma gene) ???μ??????(secondary lysosome) ?????????(Tumor suppressor gene) ???????????(primary lysosome) ???????(spherosome) ???????(lysosome) ?????(vacuoles) ??????????(tumorigenesis) ?????(metastasis) ??????????(begign tumor) ??Bcl-2????(Bcl-2 protein) ??O-??????????(O-linked glycosylation) ???????????????(ER retention signal) ?????????(contact inhibition) ????????????(heavy-chain binding protein, Bip) ??N-?????????(N-linked glycosylation) ?????????????(Golgi complex) ?????????(survival factors) ???????????????????????(cysteine-containing aspartate-specific proteases??c ??ced-9????ced-9 gene?? ???????????????tumor necrosis factor,TNF?? ??bcl-2 ???????bcl-2 protooncogene?? ????????????(internal signal sequence) ?????????(stop-transfer peptide) ???????????(signal recognition partical, SRP) ?????????(docking protein, DP) ???????????(start-transfer signal) ????? ??????????(extracellular matrix,ECM) ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????(lignin) ???????(cellulose) ????????? ??????(pectin) ?????????(hemicellulose) ?????????(cell surface) ???????(cell coat) ??????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????(phosphorylating transport) ??Э?????(cotransport) ??????ATPase(transport ATPase) ??????? ??????????(aquaporin) ??????? ??Э????? ?????嵰??(carrier protein) ??????? ??в????????(stretch-gated channel) ??????-??????(ligand gated channel) ??????? ??????? ????λ-??????(voltage-gated channels) ????????? ?????????(channel protein) ????????? ?????????? ????????(facilitated diffusion) ???????(simple diffusion) ???????? ???????? ?????(diffusion) ?????(osmosis) ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????A(gramicidin A) ??????????(ionophore) ???????? ???????? ?????????(membrane transport protein) ?????ù??(valinomycin) ??????????(transcellular transport) ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????(intracellular transport) ?????????(cellular transport) ?????(patching)??? ????????????????(fluorescence recovery after photobleaching FRAP) ???????????????????(electron spin-resonance spectroscopy,ESR) ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????(cell fusion) ????????(transverse diffusion) ?????????(lateral diffusion) ?????(phase transition) ???????????????(radioactive labeling procedure) ????С?? ???????? ??????????(freeze fracture) ????λ????(unit membrane model) ????????????(fluid mosaic model) ?????? ?????????? ?????????(Lamella structure model) ???????(porin) ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????(integral protein) ???????(cholesterol) ?????????(peripheral protein) ???ê??????(lipid-anchored) ?????????? ???????(liposome) ????????? ??????????? ??TGF???????? ?????????? ?????????(adducin) ????4.1????(band 4.1 protein) ??ê??????(ankyrin) ?????(phospholipids) ????????? ????3????(band 3 protein) ???????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????(glycophorin ) ?????????(gap junction) ????????(cell signalling) ?????????(plasmodesmata) ????????(communicating junction) ??ARS ????(autonomous replicating sequence) ??????(chromatin) ??????(chromosome) ?????????(unique sequence) ?????????(repetitive sequence) ????????(hemidesmosomes) ?????????(desmosome) ??????(adhesion belt) ??????(adhesion plaque??focal adhesion) ??????(desmosomes) ???????????(intramolecular chaperones) ????????(importin) ?????????(exportin) ?????????(nucleoplasmin) ?????????(molecular chaperones) ?????????(adherens junctions, zonula adherens) ??????????(nuclear expotr-signal,NES) ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????(cell junction) ????????? (plaque-bearing junction) ?????λ???(nuclear localization signal, NLS) ???????(nuclear protein) ??????(selectins) ???????(perinuclear space) ??????????(nuclear pore complexs,NPCs) ???????????(cell adhesion molecule, CAM) ????????(cell adhesion) ???????(lamina) ??????(inner nuclear membrane) ????????(lectin) ??????????(cadherin) ??????壨lysosome?? ???????(nucleus) ??????(nuclear envelope) ??????(outer nuclear membrane) ???????endocytosis?? ?????????endomembrane system?? ???????????growth factor?? ?????????tonofilaments?? ????????(cell locomotion) ??????????endoplasmic reticulum??ER?? ????????(stree fibers) ?????????(cytoplasmic streamting) ??????(microvilli) ??????????adheringjunction?? ????????????paracrine cell?? ????????intron?? ?????????????fluid mosaic model?? ??????????membrane transport protein?? ???鼡??????(nebulin) ????????(tropomyosin, Tm) ??????????(titin) ?????????(troponin??Tn) ??????(thin filament) ????????????hematocrit value?? ???????????????? ?????????redcell??erythrocyte?? ????????????????erythrocyte sedimentation rate?? ??????? ??????(think filament) ????????(myofibril) ???????(myosin) ??????(sarcomere) ??????????????ribosomal RNA??rRNA?? ???????(myofibers) ????С?壨nucleosome?? ???????壨ribosome?? ??????????????RNA polymerase?? ??????л??anabolism?? ?????????(membrane-binding proteins) ??????????????????(actin filament-depolymerizing protein) ?????????????nucleolus organiting region??NOR?? ???????????(monomer-sequenstering protein) ??????????(cross-linking protein) ??????и???(filament-severing protein) ???????????nucleolar cycle?? ???????nucleolus?? ????????壨Golgi apparatus??Golgi complex?? ??????translation?? ?????????(phalloidin) ??????壨spindle?? ?????(basal lamina??basement membrane) ????????(cell recognition) ?????????????(neural cell adhesion molecule,N-CAM) ??????????(integrin) ??????????gap junction?? ???????secretion?? ?????????Actinomycete?? ???????????(laminin, LN) ?????????protein?? ?????????(elastin) ????????????(fibronectin, FN) ?????(collagen) ??????(ground substance) ??????????semipermeable membrance?? ??????????(polyribosomes) ??Cdc2????(Cdc 2 protein) ??Cdc28????(Cdc 28 protein) ??Eλ??(exit site, E site) ??SD????(SD sequence) ?????(START) ??Pλ??(P site) ??Cdc34 ?????Cdc34 protein?? ??Aλ??(A site) ????????????????????(cyclin-dependent protein kinases, Cdks) ??5S rRNA????(5S rRNAgene) ??????????(gene amplification) ????????(ribosome) ??????????????(anaphase-promoting complex,APC) ?????????(cyclin) ?????????????(receptor down-regulation) ????????????(maturation promoting factor??MPF) ??????????????(premature chromosome condensation,PCC) ???????????(conditional mutants) ????????(receptor desensitization) ?????????(cell cycles) ???????(synchronization) ?????????(divergence) ??????(crosstalk) ??Sos????(Sos protein) ??Ras????(Ras protein) ??????????(nucleolar cycle) ???????(nuclear matrix) ????????(scaffold) ??Grb2????(growth factor receptor-bound protein 2) ??EGF????(EGF receptor) ??????(nucleolus) ??SH????(SH domain) ??????????????(insulin receptor substrate??IRSs) ?????????????(epidermal growth factor, EGF) ??????????(polytene chromosome) ?????????(giant chromosome) ?????????(lampbrush chromosome) ???????????(insulin receptor) ??T-??(terminal-banding) ???????????(signaling cascade) ???????(affinity labeling) ?????彻??(receptor crossover) ?????????????λ??(nuclease-supersensitive site) ????????(second messengers) ???????(centromere) ??????(kinetochore) ????????????(facultative heterochromatin) ????С??(nucleosome) ?????????峬????(surface receptor superfamilies) ??G-???????????(G-protein linked receptor) ????????????????(ino-channel linked receptor) ?????????(enzyme linked receptor) ????????????(constitutive heterochromatin) ???????????(intracellular receptor) ????????(heterochromatin) ??????????(surface receptor) ???????????(cis-acting element) ???????(heteropythosis) ????????(euchromatin) ???????(neurotransmitters) ??????( receptor) ??????????(autocrine signaling) ??????????(paracrine signaling) ?????????????(trans-acting factor) ????????-???-?????????(helix-turn-helix motif) ???????????????(leucine zipper motif) ??????-??-???????(helix-loop-helix) ??п??????(zinc finger motif) ??????(hormone) ?????????(local mediators) ??????????(endocrine signaling) ????????(signaling molecules) ????????(signal transduction) ?????鵰??(nonhistone proteins) ?????????(telomeric sequence??TEL) ?????????(artificial chromosome) ???鵰??(histone) ??CEN ????(centromeric sequence) ???????(cell communication) ?????????(cell determination) ???????(gastrula) ??ATP???(ATP synthase) ??????????(oxidative phosphorylation) ???????????(chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis) ???绯????(electrochemical gradient) ???????blastula?? ?????????(complex ??) ??????????maternal information?? ??????(cleavage) ?????????(complex ??) ?????????(complex ??) ????????I( complex I) ????????(pronuclei fussion) ??????(cortical reaction) ????????(respiratory chain) ?????巴?(acrosomal reaction) ?????????(fertillization) ??????(acrosome) ????????λ(oxidation-reduction potentials, redox potentials) ????????(cytochromes) ???????(iron-sulfur proteins, Fe/S protein) ????(uniquinone UQ)???Q(coenzyme Q) ?????????(flavoproteins) ??????????spermatocyte?? ??????????spermatogonia?? ????????(Sertoli cells) ???????????spermatogenesis?? ?????????(nurse cell) ??????(glycolysis) ??????????(electron carriers) ??????(oxidation) ???????????(citric acid cycle) ??????(leading peptide) ?????????(follicle cell) ?????????(gametogenesis) ?????????(oogenesis) ????????(oogonia) ????????(oocyte) ???????????(membrane-bound ribosomes) ???????????(free ribosomes) ?????????(morphogenesis) ??????????(post-translational translocation) ??????????(protein sorting) ???????????(co-translational translocation) ????????(cell differentiation) ?????巢??(individual development) ?????????????????model of double-strand breaks recombination?? ??????????????????model of single-strand breaks recombination?? ????(cristae) ?????(inner membrane) ???????(recombination nodules) ???????????(protein targeting) ????????????(intermembrane space) ???????????(matrix) ??????(synapsis) ?????????壨synaptonemal complex,SC?? ???????(diakinesis) ???????(diplotene stage) ?????(outer membrane) ??RNA??(RNA editing) ????RNA(guide RNA, gRNAs) ?????????(apolipoprotein B) ????????(mitochondrion) ????????(pachytene stage, pachynema) ????????(spliceosome) ???????????????????Zygotic or initial meiosis?? ????????м?????????Sporic or intermediate meiosis?? ???????(leptotene stage) ???????(zygotene stage) ??II???????(group II introns) ??I???????(group I intron) ???????????????????Gametic or terminal meiosis?? ??GT-AG ????(GT-AG rule) ???????(nuclear splicing) ??????????P (ribonuclease P) ?????????(cytokinesis) ???????????(mitotic apparatus) ???????????(centrosome cycle) ??????????(meiosis) ??????????(peptidyl transferase) ??????(anaphase) ???????(intron) ????????(exon) ?????????(self-splicing) ?????(telophase) ??????(metaphase) ???????(prometaphase) ??????RNA(antisense RNA) ?????(prophase) ?????(ribozyme) ?????????(proteasomes) ??С????RNA(small RNA) ?????????(mitosis) ?????????(nuclear lamina protein) ?????(check point) ???????restriction point?? ??????ù??(puromycin) ??S????????(S phase-promoting factor,SPF) ??N-?????(N-end rule) ???????????(molecular motor) ????????(pair-rule genes) ??????(parasegment) ????????(maternal gene) ?????????zygotic gene?? ?????????(gap genes) ??????????(?? tubulin) ???????(nucleation) ?????????(colchicine) ???????(taxol) ?????(metamorphosis) ???????(imaginal discs) ??????(basal body) ??α???mRNA??masked mRNA?? ?????????(translational contral) ???????????(homeotic mutation) ????????(triplet) ????????????(microtubule organizing centers, MTOC) ????????(centrosome) ????????(centrioles) ?????????(homeobox) ???????????homeodomain?? ????????(doublet) ???????????homeotic gene?? ????????(transcriptional control) ?????????? ??????(singlet) ????????(tubulin) ?????(microtubule) ??DNA????(DNA rearrangement) ????????(cytoskeleton) ??DNA???????DNA methylation?? ?????????(house-keeping gene) ????????(luxury gene) ???????????(genomic control) ???????????(differential gene expression) ????????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ??C4???(C4 pathway) ???????????????(non-cyclic photophosphorylation) ???????????(Calvin cycle) ???????(photorespiration) ??????????(glycolate pathway) ??????????RNA ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ????????(photosystem ?? complex, PS??complex) ???????????(photosystem ??complex, PS??complex) ??????????????????(noncyclic electron transfer pathway) ?????????(photophosphorylation) ????????b/f??????(cytochrome b6-f complex) ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????(photosystem) ??????????????(reaction-center complex) ????????(plastoquinone, PQ) ???????(chlorophylls) ?????????(light-harvesting pigment) ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????(light absorption) ???????(dark reaction) ?????(light reaction) ????????(thylakoid) ???????????????(dicarboxylate exchange carrier) ???????? ??????microtube?? ??????microfilament?? ????????? ????????(translocator) ???????? ???????(chromoplast) ???????(etioplast) ??????屻?(membrane envelope) ??????(plastid) ???????(totipotency) ??????(dedifferentiation) ???????(proplastid) ???????(transdetermination) ????????? ??????(regeneration) ?????????????(peroxisome) ???????????(morphogen) ???????(oxidase) ???????(chloroplast) ??????????? ??????????differential inhibition?? ??λ?????(positional information) ?????????(endosymbiont hypothesis) ????????????(cytoplasmic determinants) ????????(embryonic induction) ?????? ???????? ????????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??RNA??????????? ????????л ???????? ??DNA??? ?????????Thioglycosides?? ??? ???????л ????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????lipoprteinlipase??LPL?? ?????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????λ?? Acceptor splicing site ?????????? ??????л ?????????????????????lecithin-cholesterolacyltransferase?? ????л? ???????????????????cholesterolestertransferprotein??CETP?? ????????hepaticlipase?? ??HMGCoA??????HMGCoAreductase?? ????????л ???????????? single strand binding protein ??????????ceruloplasmin,CER?? ???????????? ?????????? ??????mRNA Abundant mRNA ??????? helicase ??????????transferrin??TRF??siderophilin?? ???????????????acutephasereactants,APR?? ????? ????? ??????????substitution?? ????2-???????2-microglobulin,BMG?? ??????????????????? ????????pyrogen?? ????????? ??C-????????C-reactiveprotein,CRP?? ?????????????hemopexin,Hpx?? ?????? ????-????????????1-acidglycoprotein Times New Roman?? ????????????-fetoprotein?? ????? ????2????????2-macroglobulin?? ???? ???????????? ??????? ???????terpenoid?? ???????? ????????albumin?? ????? ??????鵰???haptoglobin?? ????-????????(??1-antitrypsin) ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????-????????-helix?? ??ú????? ??ú????? ?????? ??fructose?? ????????? ??ATP??adenosine triphosphate?? ?????? ???????????iron-sulfur center?? ??????? ?????? ??????????B(cytochalasins B) ?????????(axonal transport) ??????????????(cytoplasmic dyneins) ??????????(actin) ????(microfilament) ?????????(totipotent stem cell,TSC) ?????????????(ciliary dynein) ??????????(embryonic stem cell??ES) ??????????(somatic stem cell) ???????(stem cells, SC) ????????(selector genes) ???????????????????????? ?????????(treadmilling) ??????????(kinesins) ???????????(segment-polarity genes) ??????????(microtubule-associated proteins, MAPs) ????????????? ???????nitrogen equilibrium??nitrogen balance?? ??ATP??? ???????????? ???????? ?????????????cholecystokinin??CCK??PZ?? ?????????л??cholesterol metabolism?? ????????壨lampbrush chromosome?? ??????cholicacid?? ????????? ??DNA???? ????????? ???????monosaccharide?? ??????????proteoglycan?? ??????????????? ??RNAi ????л?????metabolic regulation?? ????л??metabolite?? ????л?????metabolic pathway?? ?????????? ?????????? ??????±?????????? ????????γ??????? ???????polysaccharide?? ?????????prolactin??PRL?? ?????????壨polytenechromosome?? ????????????????? ??????????????????thyrotropin-releasing hormone??TRH?? ????????oxytocin?? ??????DNA?????? ??????? ?????????????????adrenocorticotropichor-mone??ACTH?? ???????? ??????? ??Taq DNA???? ??????????facilitated diffusion?? ???????????????????????corticotropin-re-leasing hormone??CRH?? ??????????secretin?? ??????????????????gonadotropin-releasing hormone??GnRH?? ?????? ????-??? ????-??? ?????? ???????? ??????????passive transport?? ?????????ectoenzyme??lyoenzyme?? ???????????semiconservative replication?? ?????????endoenzyme?? ????????У?repetitive sequence?? ?????????????? ??H-DNA ??????????? ?????????л??amino acid metabolism?? ???????????ammonification?? ???????????DNA ??R-DNA ???????? ????????????DNA ??????????????л??metabolism of carbonskeletons of amino acids?? ???л??????? ????????????????DNA ?????????????????DNA ????????? ???????? ???????????(resistance gene) ????? ?????????????ATP?? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????Ч?? ???? ????? ???????E ???????D ???????A ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????л ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????л ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????spingolipid?? ?????? ????? ???????????ketogenic amino acid?? ???????????biomacromolecules?? ???????alkaloid?? ?????? ???嵰???albumin?? ???????????glucogenic amino acid?? ???ж???????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????promoter?? ??????glubulin?? ??????????? triacylglyceride?? ????????chitin?? ?????????reversetranscriptase?? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????biological products?? ??DNA??????? ???????????? ???????????(rolling circle replication) ???????????urea cycle?? ??????????bioelements?? ?????????biotin?? ??????proenzyme??zymogen?? ??????? ??Alu???? ??????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????phosphocreatine?? ????????? ???????phospholipid??PL?? ?????enzyme?? ????????ion pump?? ??λ???????? ???????????? ????????м??? ??????? ?????嵹λ ??RNA?? ?????????base pairing?? ????? ???????л??phospholipid metabolism?? ??????wax?? ???????????????pentose phosphate pathway?? ?????? ??????DNA ???????base?? ???????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ????????????????????yeast alanine transfer RNA?? ??????????respiratory chain?? ??????????磨engineering vaccine?? ?????????????chemical osmotic hypothesis?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????interferon?? ?????????????????triglycerides biosynthesis?? ???????????????ribozyme?? ?????????respiratory quotient??RQ?? ????????respiration?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????????ribonucleic acid??RNA?? ??????????????RNA replicase?? ???????sterol?? ????????nucleotide?? ???????? ??????????? ??????????immobilized enzyme?? ?????? ????????? ???????nucleoside?? ??????????? ????????????? ????? ???????glycerol?? ?????????complex carbohydrate??glycoconjugate?? ??????????????energy rich phosphate compounds?? ??????nucleic acid?? ??????λ????λ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????replication?? ??????λ???? ??????pantothenicacid?? ????????ubiquinone?? ??????л??catabolism?? ???????coenzyme?? ?????????????? ????? ???????没?? ????????????7???human herpes virus typs 7,hhv-7?? ????????? ?????????? ??Rhizobiaceae?? ????????????? (human papillomavirus, HPV) ?????????????????varicella ??zoster virus,VZV?? ????????????? ????????? ?????????Aphyllophorales?? ?????????Polyporaceae?? ?????????n. gonorrhoeae?? ????????????meningococcus?? ????????????? ????????(Pseudomonas aeruginosa) ???????????pneumococcus?? ????????????6???human herpes virus type 6,hhv-6?? ?????????????staphylococcus?? ????????????Corynebacterium?? ??????????coryneform of bacteria?? ??????????pathogens causing??powderymildew?? ????????????pathogenic coccus?? ?????????E. coli?? ?????????????Bordetella?? ?????????Erysiphales?? ??????????????klebsiella?? ?????????? ????????????shigella?? ????????????Pasteurella?? ???в?????????layer plating method?? ????????????Escherichia?? ????ù?????????ampicillin enriching technique?? ??????????Schotobacteria?? ?????????????c.jejuni?? ????????(vibrio) ????????????camphlobacter?? ???????????v.cholera?? ?????θ????proteus species?? ???????????Bacillus thuringiensis?? ????????? ????????壨mycophage?? ???????????auxotroph?? ???????????replica plating?? ??????????(mycobacterium) ?????????mycobecterium tuberculosis?? ????? ????? ????????(corynebacterium diphtheriae) ???????????Staphylococcus?? ????????lysogeny?? ????????lysozyme?? ?????????壨defective phage?? ??????????hemolysin?? ????????eedotoxin?? ????????? ???????????? ????????Myxobacterium?? ????????Myxomycota?? ???????exotoxin?? ??????? ????????endotoxin?? ?????????sheathe bacteria?? ??ù????molds?? ???????????bordetella pertussis?? ???????????? ????θ?????rumen microbe?? ?????????thiobacillus?? ?????и??(hemophilus influenzae) ??????????p.aeruginosa?? ??????壨bacteriophage?? ?????????? ????????? ????????????desulphurication?? ?????????sulfur bacteria?? ??????????sulphur bacteria?? ??????????lactobacillus?? ???????????bifidobacterium?? ?????????? ?????????Streptococcus?? ?????θ??????fusobacterium?? ?????????Bacillus subtilis?? ????????viroid?? ??????????壨Rickettsia?? ??????????壨virulent phage?? ??Τ???????????veillonella?? ??????????(b.fragilis) ???????????????b.melaninogenicus?? ???????????porphyromonas?? ??????colony?? ???????????????peptostreptococcus?? ???????????Zygomycotina?? ?????????yeast?? ??????????????cl.perfringens) ???????????crystallized bovine insulin?? ??????conjugation?? ?????????cl.botulinum?? ????????????? ?????????????peptococcus?? ?????????fibroin?? ???????hydroxylamine?? ????????л?? ????????? ??????????aerobe?? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????fermentation?? ?????????????Azotobacteria?? ????????????Dneumococcus?? ???????flagllum?? ?????????carrier?? ?????????????rabies virus?? ???????spore?? ???????pilus?? ??????????????faeces pollution index bacteria?? ?????????????denitrification?? ????????Escherichia coli?? ?????????????????????Bergey??s Manual of Systemaic Bacteriology?? ???????capsule?? ?????????? ??l????? ???????bacillus?? ???????coccus?? ?????????? ???????????vivion?? ????ù????Phytophthora?? ??????ù????Plasmopora?? ????????????Mastigomycotina?? ????????virus?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????????Australia antigen?? ??????? ????????????Deuteromycotina?? ????ù????Fythium?? ???????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????????Diplococcuspneumoniae?? ??????? ??????40 ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??RNA???????? ??DNA???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????Ъ??? ??????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????Apparent infection?? ????? ?????????yeast?? ??ù????Molds?? ????????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??EB???? ???????? ???????????????rotavirus?? ????????? ???????????壨leptospira?? ?????????? ????????? ????β??????Sargassum?? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????β????Rhoiptelea chiliantha?? ????????Loganiaceae?? ???????? ??????????? ??????????Aristolochiaceae?? ??????????Solanum tuberosum?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????????Coriariaceae?? ???????? ??????????Portulacaceae?? ???????????Cutleriales?? ?????????Asclepiadaceae?? ????????Basellaceae?? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????Verbenaceae?? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????Gymnodinium?? ??????????Psilophytina?? ???????Psilophyton?? ??????????Euglena?? ??????????? ?????????Euglenophyta?? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ????????Platycerium wallichii?? ??????????Chara?? ?????????Charophyta?? ????????????Spirulina?? ???????????Podocarpus?? ????ù?? ???????? ????ù?? ???????? ?????????Chlorophyta?? ??????????Pandanaceae?? ??????ù???? ????????????Cocconeis?? ??????????Pelvetia?? ??????Phragmites australis?? ????????Pyrolaceae?? ????ù?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????Calamites?? ?????????Onagraceae?? ??????????Dipterocarpaceae?? ??????? ???????????Agrimonia?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????Abies?? ???????????Nyssaceae?? ?????? ?????????Limacidae??slug?? ???????????Pleurocapsales?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????Cyanophyta?? ????????????Eudorina?? ?????????? ????÷???Calycanthaceae?? ??????????Gesneriaceae?? ?????????Caulerpa?? ????? ????????????Jaoa?? ????????Eupteleaceae?? ??????Trapaceae?? ????????Tricholomataceae?? ??????????Dryopteris?? ??ī??????? ???????? ????????? ????????????Nitzschia?? ?????彺 ??????? ????????????clostridium tetani?? ???????????飨tuberculin skin test?? ??????????????facultativeanaerobe?? ????????bactericin?? ???ù????Mucor?? ???????????? ???????????(anaerobic bacteria) ????ù????Rhizopus?? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????Cucumis melo?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????(crested wheatgrass) ????? ??????????С?? ??????С??(Polish wheat) ??????(almond) ?????????? ????????? ???????Rosaceae?? ?????????Malvaceae?? ?????????Cruciferae?? ??????????(dwarfing culture) ?????????(townsville stylo) ?????????? ????????(birdsfoot trefoil) ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????(white clover) ????? ?????????(angiosperm) ?????????(Egyptian clover) ?????????????(germplasm resources of almond) ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ???????(eri-silkworm) ???μ?? ?????????(Egyptian clover) ??????????(breeding for dwarfness) ???й??????(Chinese famous sun-cured to tobacco) ???м???(inter stock) ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????(dwarfing rootstock) ?????? ????????(para grass) ????????? ????鵿?(Arecaceae) ?????????(rescuegrass) ??????(ternate pinellia) ????? ???????? ??????(ruthenian medic) ????? ???????Oleaceae?? ???????Bombacaceae?? ???????Lardizabalaceae?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????Manihot esculentus?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????Auriculariales?? ????????? ????????Casuarinaceae?? ???????Ranunculaceae?? ????????Magnoliaceae?? ???x????Mangifera indica?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????????Larix?? ????????Gossypium?? ????????Actinidiaceae?? ??????????Gnetaceae??joint fir?? ??????????Cannaceae?? ????? ????? ??é?????Droseraceae?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????Dicrano pteris pedata?? ???????Meteorium miquelianum?? ??????????Stigeoclonium?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????(verled lady) ??????? ??? ?????(gunpowder tea) ?????????(pistachis) ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????????(Anhua Yuntaishan) ???????(benzoin) ????轣?Lycium chinense?? ??????????(aijiao oolong) ??????????(Anhua songzhen) ????????(macadamia nut) ??????Nicotiana tabacum?? ?????????Datura stramonium?? ????????Solanum nigrum?? ???????(medicinal indianmulberry) ????????Taraxacum mongolicum?? ?????????(star anise) ?????Lactuca sativa var??angustana?? ?????????(Brazil nut) ???????(Musaceae) ??????????Bashan yinya?? ???????Saussurea involucrata?? ??????Lactuca sativa?? ????????Atractylodes lancea?? ????????(rubber) ??????????Dahlia pinnata?? ??????Helianthus tuberosus?? ?????????burley?? ?????????(silver tip pekoe) ???????????(white-flowered datura) ??????????nightblooming cereus?? ?????(Hibiscus syriacus) ????? ???????Dalbergia hupeana?? ?????Dendranthema morifolium?? ??????(largehead atractylodes) ??????? ?????????? ???????dahurian angelica?? ??????Carthamus tinctorius?? ??????(Liliaceae) ??????Glycyrrhiza uralensis?? ???????Pterocarpus indicus?? ?????Gossypium hirsutum?? ??????Prunus pseudocerasus?? ?????Σ?Astragalus membranaceus?? ??????? ??????(chestnut) ?????(lily) ????????? ?????飨Hibiscus cannabinus?? ???????裨healthy tea ?? ????? ???????Eriobotrya japonica?? ???? ????????Malva sinensis?? ?????飨Abutilon theophrasti?? ??????(arecanut) ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????Brassicachinensis?? ??????Brassicacampestris?? ?????Prunus armeniaca?? ????Prunus salicina?? ?????(laver) ??????(shrubby falseindigo) ??????(seedy mustard) ??÷??Prunus mume?? ????(common anemarrhena) ????????(gynura) ???????Brassicarapa?? ????????Brassica oleracea var.botrytis?? ??????Brassica juncea?? ???????Leguminosae?? ?????????(Brussels sprouts) ??????Capsella bursapastoris?? ??????????(rape seed) ??????(bamboo shoot) ???????(milk vetch) ??????Solanaceae?? ??????Pak-choi; Chinese cabbage?? ??????Compositae?? ????????Cucuarbitaceae?? ????? ???? ???????Rutaccac?? ????? ????(lablab;hyacinth bean) ?????? ????? ??Davidia involucrata?? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??Eriophyes sheldoni?? ?????????? ??Eriophyes oleivora?? ????????? ????? ???鱻 ?????? ???????? ??Citrus??oranges?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????????gigantopterides?? ?????????Menispermaceae?? ????β??? ??Fissidens?? ????? ??????Rafflesia arnoldii?? ????????Bromeliaceae?? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????Aizoaceae?? ????????I pomoea batatas?? ????????? ?????? ??Sigillaria?? ????????Carica papaya?? ???????Nostoc flagelliforme?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????????Annonaceae?? ????????Eucommiaceae?? ????????Spartina anglica?? ????????????Valonia?? ?????? ?????? ??????鱣?Liriodendron chinense?? ?????? ?????λ??? ?????? ?????????Sargentodoxaceae?? ????黨???Ericaceae?? ??????????Rhodobryum?? ?????? ???????Lycopersicon esculentum?? ??????Hordeum vulgare?? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???????????Diatoma?? ????? ????????Aquifoliaceae?? ????????Elaeocarpaceae?? ??????????Frullania?? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????????Polysiphonia?? ?????? ?????? ??????????Endarachne?? ???????????Lychnothamnus?? ???????Leguminosae?? ?????????Juncaceae?? ??????????Teliomycetes?? ??????? ????? ??????????Cordyceps sinensis?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????Oryza sativa?? ???????M archantia Polymorpha?? ????飨Rhododendron simsii?? ????? ????? ????? ?????????Podostemales?? ?????? ???????? ???????Ligusticum chuanxiong?? ????? ????????Pucciniaceae?? ????????Pyrethrum cinerariifolium?? ??????????Oxalidaceae?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????(sugar cane) ????? ??????? ??????(ramie) ????????(java amomum) ????? ???????????Synura?? ????? ????? ????? ???ǹ? ????????? ??Glaucocystis?? ????????? ??Tribonema?? ????????Buxaceae?? ????????Juglandaceae?? ????????Pedaliaceae?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????etiolation?? ???????Salvinia natans?? ???????? ??Piperaceae?? ????? ??????????Bangiales?? ?????? ??Funaria hygrometrica?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????Taxaceae?? ???? ??????Pholas dactylus?? ?????????RhodoPhyta?? ????????Gramineae??Poaceae?? ????????Sorghum vulgare?? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????Tsoongiodendron odorum?? ??????? ??????????? ??photosynthetic electron transport?? ???????Ricciocarpus natans?? ???????Cyrtomium fortunei?? ?????????????Marattiales?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??Photosynthetic pigments?? ????????? ??photosynthetic carbon cycle?? ????????? ??Phlaeothripidae?? ????????? ??Digenea?? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??Laminaria?? ?????? ?????Ч?? ??photosynthetic efficiency?? ???????? ??Bacillariophyta?? ????? ??Schistostega pennata?? ?????????? ??Brachytrichia?? ?????? ??Camptosorus sibiricus?? ??ɡ?????? ??ɡ?λ??? ?????軨?? ???????? ???????? ????? ??Glycyrrhiza uralensis?? ??????????? ??rhizosphere microorganisms?? ???? ??cucurbites?? ????????? ??Pluteaceae?? ??С?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??Saccharum officinarum?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??Cladophora?? ??????? ??Cyamopsis tetragonoloba?? ?????????????? ??paleozoic flora?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??Cosmarium?? ???????? ??Eriocaulaceae?? ?????? ??Erythroxylaceae?? ??????? ??Woodwardia japanica?? ??????? ???????? ??Palaeobatany?? ??????? ????? ??ZosteroPhyllum?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??Agrilus auriventris?? ?????????? ??Rhizosolenia?? ???????? ??Melanaphis sacchari?? ???????????Cercidiphyllaceae?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????Entodon?? ??????Compositae?? ???????Dendranthema morifolium?? ??????Polygonaceae?? ??????????Macrocystis?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????Scir pus yagara?? ??????????л??crassulacean acid metabolism?? ????????Crassulaceae?? ????? ?????? ???????????Phaeothamnion?? ????????Violaceae?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??Chrysophyta?? ??????????Ceratophyllaceae?? ???????Lepidodendron?? ??????Chenopodiaceae?? ?????????Acanthaceae?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????Pyrus?? ????????orchids?? ????????? ???????Orchidaceae?? ???????????Trochodendraceae?? ???????????Hyella?? ???????? ??????λ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????????Trentepohlia?? ????????Simaroubaceae?? ???????????Chloranthaceae?? ??????? ??Parathelypteris glanduligera?? ????????Stachyuraceae?? ????????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????Andreaea?? ??????Secale cereale?? ????????Campanulaceae?? ???????Russulaceae?? ?????????mangrove?? ??????? ????? ????? ??????Carthamus tinctorius?? ????? ?????? ???????Polytrichum commune?? ??????÷???Hamamelidaceae?? ??????????Elaeagnaceae?? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????Cucurbitaceae?? ?????? ?????? ??????????Ceratium?? ???????Zizania latifolia?? ???????????Chaetophora?? ????????????Rivularia?? ?????? ????????Betulaceae?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???й?? ?????????Xanthophyta?? ?????????Hypnum?? ????????Zygophyllaceae?? ????????????Sinosiphonia?? ??????????Saxifragaceae?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????????Sphaeroplea?? ???????Zingiberaceae?? ???Panicum miliaceum var??effusum?? ?????Σ?milkvetch?? ??????Brassica juncea var.tumida?? ????é????? ?????????conducting tissue?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????????transpiration rate?? ??????leaf sheath?? ??????????Chlamydomonas?? ??????????????permanent wilting percentage?? ????????Tulipa gesneriana?? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????壨prothallus?? ???????????plant embryology?? ???棨Zizyphus jujuba?? ????Ｄ???plant hormone??phytohormone?? ???????????plant taxonomy?? ???????????? ????????????? ????β??????? ????é????? ??????Ч???transpiration efficiency?? ?????plants?? ???????????? ?????????plant virus?? ???????Rosa chinensis?? ??????????? ?????????? ???????Rutaceae?? ??????????????? ??????????? ???????????botanical geography?? ???????????? ?????????zeatin?? ?????????Algae?? ???????????transpriation?? ???????vegetation?? ?????????????? ????ü??????? ??????é????? ????β??????? ???????Lauraceae?? ???????????transpiration coefficient?? ????????????? ???????vein?? ?????壨thallus?? ????Colocasia esculenta?? ???????????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????壨chloroplast?? ???-4?????C4-pathway?? ????????chlorophyll?? ???3???C3 plant?? ?????????????carbon assimilation?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????Ц ?????? ????????У?antheridiophore?? ???????auricle?? ??????????Bryophyta?? ?????? ????? ??????Beta vulgaris?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????Volvox?? ???????absorption?? ?????????Pelargonium hortorum?? ????-???????figure and ground?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??Gladiolus gandavensis?? ??????? ??????? ?????bud?? ???????Buchloe dactyloides?? ?????????Salicaceae?? ?????leaf?? ??????? ?????飨Hibiscus cannabinus?? ????????? ??С??? ??????? ???????? ???????Litchi chinensis?? ????????Ganodermataceae?? ???????????Lepocinclis?? ??鬿??Meliaceae?? ??????Σ?Panax quinguefolium?? ??С?????law of small pore?? ??????γ??vascular cambium?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????飨perispern?? ?????? ???????? ?????????vascular bundle?? ??????abscission?? ????????abscisic acid?? ABA?? ??????? ??????? ???????guttation?? ??????????antenna pigment?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????????allelopathy?? ???????placenta?? ????鵣?Trachycarpus fortunei?? ????? ???????? ????????????Ascomycotina?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????free water?? ????????flora?? ???????壨apoplast?? ?????????seed fern?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????????plastoquinone??PQ?? ?????????ascocarp?? ?????????seed plants?? ???????????deplasmolysis?? ????????plasmolysis?? ???????? ?????? ????е??? ???????????seed dormancy?? ?????????Medicago sativa?? ????? ?????? ???????Pterocarpus indicus?? ??????壨fructification?? ???????????plastocyanin??PC?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????seed?? ???????periderm?? ???????????seed vigor?? ????????? ?????? ???????seed coat??testa?? ???????indicator plant?? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????plant morphology?? ?????ligulate?? ????????? ???????Ginkgo biloba?? ????????botany?? ???????Cathaya argyrophylla?? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????folic acid?? ??????????????plant growth substances?? ????????foliage leaf?? ??????? ????????leaf mosaic?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???嵨???phycobilin?? ???????Papaveraceae?? ????? ??????????flora?? ????λ????phaenerophyte?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????????plant physiology?? ???л????flowering plants?? ???????????callus?? ???????????plant anatomy?? ????????? ???????????leaf area index?? ????ο??Stichopodidae?? ??????? ???????? ?????ο??Labiatae?? ????????Najadaceae?? ??????? Cineraria cruenta ?????? ??????? ???????pollination?? ????????????Batrachospermum?? ??????????Oscillatoria?? ??????????Melilotus?? ?????????Tamaricaceae?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????Plantaginaceae?? ????????????Glenodinium?? ???????? ????? ?????????Fragaria?? ???????????Astasia?? ???????????parenchyma?? ?????? ????? ???γ?? ??????? ?????? ???????Spinacia oleracea?? ???????????Mastigocladus?? ???????Neottopteris nidus?? ????????????Phacus?? ?????????????Bennettitales?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????飨Ricinus communis?? ???? ????????????Hemisphaeriales?? ???????????Primulaceae?? ????????????Hemiascomycetes?? ????????????Primula?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???龥 ????????Valerianaceae?? ?????Echinochloa crusgalli?? ????????????Deuteromycotina?? ?????????Welwitschia mirabilis?? ??????Cupressaceae?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????Stemonaceae?? ??????Lilium brownii var??viridulum?? ???????Liliaceae?? ??????? ??????? ???????Bletilla striata?? ??????????Plumbaginaceae?? ??????? ?????? ?????????Capparaceae?? ???? ??????????Leucobryum?? ?????? ??????Illicium verum?? ????????Musaceae?? ????????Alangiaceae?? ????? ?????? ????????????apomixis?? ?????? ????? ?????????Styracaceae?? ??? ???????? ????????heart sound?? ???????carpel?? ????????Eucalyptus?? ????? ???? ????? ??в??????stress resistance?? ??С?????????cerebellar tremor?? ?????? ??С???cerebellum?? ??С??Triticum aestivum?? ??в???stress?? ???????? ??????????vascular tissue?? ????????vascular plants?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????棨Arabidopsis thaliana?? ????????????tropical monsoon forest?? ?????????auxins?? ??????? ?????? ????????naphthalene acetic acid??NAA?? ????? ??????????critical day length?? ????? ?????????Siraitia grosvenorii??Momordicagrosvenorii?? ????Trapa spp.?? ???????Malus pumila?? ????????? ????壨Rosa rugosa?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??÷??Prunus mume?? ???????Actinidia chinensis?? ?????Gossypium?? ???????Coffea arabica?? ??????? ??????? ????÷ ????? ???????? ???棨Pyrus?? ??????Nelumbo nucifera?? ??????? ??????? ??????????chilling injury?? ???????????cyanide-resistant respiration?? ??????Ч???quantum efficiency?? ????? ??????? ?????????flowering period?? ?????????salt resistance?? ??????? ????簵???critical dark period?? ?????Amorphophallus rivieri?? ??????? ?????÷ ????????anthesis?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????Theobroma cacao?? ????????xylem?? ??????? ?????????Pistacia vera?? ????????lignin?? ???????Medicago sativa?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????Oleaceae?? ????? ?????????drought resistance?? ?????? ???x????Mangifera indica?? ???????????deciduous broad-leaved forest?? ???仨????Arachis hypogaea?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????γ??cork cambium?? ?????????Cyanophyta?? ???????Paeonia suffruticosa?? ?????????? ?????? ????????Magnoliaceae?? ?????????Cola acuminata?? ???????? ?????? ?????????herbarium sheet?? ????β?? ???????Ranunculaceae?? ?????????Charophyta?? ?????????Gymnospermae?? ???????Litchi chinensis?? ????? ???????? ??С???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????Platycodon grandiflorus?? ??????????Clivia spp.?? ??????? ?????????Nerium indicum?? ?????????Chlorophyta?? ????????mycorrhiza?? ??????? Cyclamen persicum ????????Tridacnidae??giant clam?? ?????? Codiaeum variegatum var.pictum ?????? Hippeastrum vittatum ?????? Euphorbia pulcherrima ????????Pottiaceae?? ????????osmotic potential?? ???????Nephrolepis auriculata?? ??????????osmoregulation??osmotic adjustment?? ???????é ?????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????gonidium?? ???????????Σ?physiologically alkaline salt?? ??????????? ???????Cyperaceae?? ????顣?Alsophila spinulosa?? ???????????Σ?physiologically acid salt?? ?????? ????????? ??????????Usnea?? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????Aesculus chinensis?? ???????annual ring?? ???????Vitis vinifera?? ???????Rosaceae?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????xerophyte?? ????β??????? ??????Pinaceae?? ???????emerging plant?? ????????hygrophyte?? ?????????mesophyte?? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????submerged plant?? ????????floating plant?? ?????????Lycopodium?? ?????????conchospore?? ??????Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????Oryza sativa?? ??????Solanaceae?? ??????????pheophytin?? ???????bark?? ??????????tropical rain forest?? ???????? ???????? ??С????? ?????????????tropical savannas?? ??????? ?????????Cladonia?? ???????β?? ???????Asparagus officinalis?? ????????chlorosis?? ??????Taxodiaceae?? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????Cruciferae?? ???????fleshy fruit?? ??????Nereis?? ????????Fagaceae?? ???????Theaceae?? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????insectivorous plant?? ?????????????growth inhibition?? ?????? ???????????Dicotyledoneae??Magnoliopsida?? ???????Paeonia lactiflora?? ??????forest?? ?????? ????Ц ???????? ???????? ???????? ????Σ?Panax ginseng?? ??????????artificial seeds?? ?????????????growth retardant?? ??????Moraceae?? ???????????somatostatin??SS?? ???????? ????? ?????? ????β?? ??????? ??ɡ?ο??Umbelliferae?? ?????????????growth regulator?? ?????????飨avena test?? ??????????seedless fruit?? ????????Anacardium occidentale?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????temperate grassland?? ????????cell wall?? ???????????imbibition?? ????????perigonial bract?? ????????exarch?? ?????? ?????????? ?????????(Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen) ????? ???????????(Basidiomycotina) ????????cellulose?? ????????Cuscuta chinensis?? ??????Ambrosiaspp?? ?????Prunus persica?? ??????? ????? ?????????suction force?? ???????? ????? ????????? ???4???C4plant?? ????????Cycas revoluta?? ????裨wilting?? ???????calyptra?? ??????Haloxylon ammodendron?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ????β?? ????????seta?? ????????ediblefungi?? ????? ??????water potential?? ??????????double fertilization?? ?????????conducting tissue?? ??????? ?????????bound water?? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????????tetraspore?? ?????????? ?????? ????????Humulus lupulus?? ????????stone cells?? ??????? ??????棨Calligonum mongolicum?? ????????????? ???????????growth movement?? ??????????? ??????????bioassay?? ?????????????grand period of growth?? ??????????colchicine?? ?????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????phloem?? ??????????balanced solution?? ???????????? ???????turgor pressure?? ???????????? ????????? ????????totipotency?? ???????stoma?? ??????????? ????????????? ???????壨gametophyte?? ??????壨embryoid?? ??????? ?????embryo?? ?????飨ovule?? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????gametangium?? ??????β ??????????? ???????????? ???????cystocarp?? ???????sorus?? ???????-????????cohesion-tension theory?? ???????????? ????????????? ????????endarch?? ????????kin selection?? ????β?? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????Spirogyra?? ??????lenticel?? ??????root tip?? ??????????? ???????soredium?? ????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????????tiller?? ?????????anemophilousflower?? ????????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????meristem?? ????????(Dryopteridaceae) ?????????? ???????????auxospore?? ??????????????? ?????? ?????????secretorystructure?? ???????? ?????????(Lygodiaceae ) ????????(Polypodiaceae) ?????ζ?????toxic action of single ion?? ????????????Monocotyledoneae??Liliopsida?? ???Τ ?????????(Dicksoniaceae) ????β???(Pteridaceae) ???????????apical dominance?? ?????????stromatolith??stromatolite?? ???й????(Sinopteridaceae) ????????????Lichenes?? ???????starch?? ???????Marchantia polymorpha?? ???????(Drynariaceae) ???????(Osmundaceae) ???????basidium?? ?????????basidiospora?? ?????С???(Opllioglossaceae) ?????????(Filicophytina) ?????????(Isoephytina) ??????÷??Zebrina pendula?? ????????? ??????? ???????gallbladder?? ????????????Basidiomycotina?? ???????(Selaginellaceae) ?????? (Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring) ????????lowerplants?? ?????(Lycopodium japonicum Thunb??) ?????飨Cannabissativa?? ????? ?????????basidiocarp?? ???????(Equisetaceae) ????????pyrenoid?? ??????????parthenocarpy?? ?????(Equisetum arvense L??) ??????(Lycopodiaceae) ???????????vernalization?? ???????????????carbondioxidecompensationpoint?? ??????????(Psilophytina) ????????????secondary growth?? ????? ?????ο??Labiatae?? ????????У?archegoniophore?? ??????(Funnaria hygromentrica Hedw??) ??????(Polytrichum commune L??ex Hedw.) ???????Sagittaria sagittifolia?? ???????????secondary ??plant?? substances?? ????????? ???????? ????????perichaetial bract?? ??????pistil?? ???????pollination?? ?????? ????? ???????????transfer cell?? ???????? ????? ????ù?? ???????????maturetissue?? ????ù???gibberellins??GA?? ????ù?? ?????????herbicide?? ????????????primary growth?? ???????? ????????? ???????Lycopodinae?? ????????Filicinae?? ???????Ananas comosus?? ????????modificationofleaf?? ???????gemma?? ?????????????apparent photosynthetic rate?? ?????????modificationofroot?? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????Saussurea involucrata?? ????? ?????? ??????stamen?? ?????????? Clematis spp. ??????????????photosynthetic reaction centre?? ??????????photosynthesis?? ??????????? Bullbophyllum ambrosium ??????? Calanthc discolor ???????? Dendrobium densiflorum ????? Diranthus chinensis ????????? ?????У?receptacle?? ????? Bletilla striata ????????higher plants?? ??????inflorescence?? ?????? Tamarix chinensis ??????? Phaius tankervilliae ????????? ?????? Eriobotrya japonica ???? ?? Althaea rosea ???????corolla?? ????? Rose banksiae ????????Ipomoea batatas?? ???????pollen?? ????????????????????pollen-pistil interaction?? ???????????? ?????÷ Prunus triloba ????? Prunus serrulata ???? pyracantha fortuneana ?????????????photoperiodic induction?? ??????? Prunus cerasifera f.at-ropurpurea ?????Prunus persica ?????????Bacillariophyta?? ????????????photoperiodism?? ????????? Malus halliana ???? Prunus armenica ?????????pollensac?? ??????calyx?? ??????? Malus spectabilis ????? Chaenomeles sinensis ???????? Cotoneaster horizontalis ???黯???naturalized plant?? ?????????carpospore?? ??????? Dracaena draco ????????perianth?? ????????pedicel?? ????????Gramineae?? ?????????? Chaenomeles lagenaria ??????? Mahonia fortunei ???????? Nyssa sinensis ???????? Nandina domestica ????????anthocyanidin?? ?????????Crinoidea?? ????Ц Michelia figo ??????? Liriodendron chinese ????????pollen tube?? ?????????????pollen viability?? ???????????pollen abortion?? ???? Kolkwitzia amabilis ????? Hibiscus syriacus ???????? Weigela florida ???????pericarp?? ??????flower?? ??????petal?? ?????????????pollen grain germination?? ????????pectin?? ??????? Schefflera octophylla ???????? Fatisia japanica ?????÷ Prunus triloba ????? Davidia involucrata ?????? Philadelphus pekinensis ???????root pressure?? ????????carpogonium?? ??????????nitrogen fixation?? ???????fruit?? ????????light compensation point?? ?????? Forsythia suspensa ?????? Cotinus coggygria ?????? Campsis grandiflora ???????? Chinnanthus retusus ??????????phytochrome?? ??????? Cornus alba ??????????????photophosphorylation?? ??????????light saturation?? ???????root hair?? ????????root nodule?? ???????? Aucuba japonica ??????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ????????壨nitrogen-fixingblue-greenalgae?? ???????root system?? ?????????photosynthetic chain?? ???????????rhizosphere microbe?? ??????????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????????foliage spray?? ?????У?rhizophore?? ???????? ?????????Chrysophyta?? ??????Compositae?? ???????Selaginella tamariscina?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????intercalary growth?? ??????stem?? ???????????Pteridophyta?? ?????????????Primary structure of stem?? ??????? ?????? ?????????????secondary structure of stem?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????????archegonium?? ???????????archegoniatae?? ????????? ?????????л?????crassulacean acid metabolism pathway??CAM????? ????????? ?????????aplanospore?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????stem tip?? ?????????Gynostemma pentaphyllum?? ??????????antheridium?? ???????? ?????????Malvaceae?? ??С???? ??????β ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????foot?? ?????????Pyrrophyta?? ???????rhizoid?? ???????? ?????????aril?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????е?????mechanical tissue?? ???????? ???????????壨pseudoparenchyma?? ????? ??????girdling??ringing?? ????sink?? ???????? Rosa hybrida cvs ????????? Dryas octopetala var.asiatica ?????????? Hydrangea bretschneideri ?????? Lilium dauricum ??????O??Salvinia natans?? ??????Sophora japonica?? ??????ash?? ??????? Saussurea involucrata ?????????mangrove?? ?????????Rhodophyta?? ????? Delphinium grandiflorum ???????? Trollius chinenses ????????? Campanula punctata ?????????phaeophyta?? ??????????aleurone grain?? ??????after-ripening?? ??????? Echinops latifolius ?????? Anemome tomentosa ????????Cucurbitaceae?? ????????Funaria hygrometrica?? ???????? Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis ??????? Impatiens balsamina ??????? Reineckea carnea ???????Juglans regia?? ???????? Primula ????? Callistephus chinensis ?????????kinetin??KT?? ????????Laminaria japonica?? ?????????climacteric?? ???????????respiration?? ??????? Phaius tankervilliae ???????? Rohdea japonica ?????? Aspidistra elatior ???????? Dicentra spectabilis ?????????Xanthophyta?? ?????? Gloriosa superba ???????Dalbergia hupeana?? ??????? Enkianthus quinqueflorus ?????Σ?Astragalus membranceus?? ?????????photorespiration?? ???????dryfruit?? ????? Paenoia albiflora ??????root?? ???????Cotinus coggygria var.pubescens?? ?????????etiolation?? ????? Lycoris radiata ???????? Crinum asiaticum(var.s-iinicum) ????ɡ??Amanitaphalloides?? ?????? ????? ???????Usnea?? ?????Cladonia?? ?????? ???? ????ù??Penicillium?? ?????????Saccharomyces?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????ù??Aspergillus?? ???????Auricularia auricula?? ????????Tremella fuciformis?? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????????Agaricusbisporus?? ????? ????????? ?????????Vibrio comma?? ????????Mycobacterium tuberculosis?? ??????????Corynebacterium?? ??????? ??? ????? ??ù?? ?????????Bacillus subtilis?? ?????? ????????? ????????Escherichiacoli?? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??С?? ?????Spirogyra?? ????????Laminaria japonica?? ????????Unda ria pinnatifida?? ???????Pelvetia siliquosa?? ??С?? ?????? ????? ?????????Nostoc commune?? ???? ?????壨Chlamydomonas?? ?????? ???????Nostoc flagelliforme?? ??????Porphyra?? ????????Gelidium amansii?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????壨Chroococcus?? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????к?? ?????? ??????ɡ??Panaeolusretirugis?? ?????? ??????? ??С???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????ù??Aspergillus flavus?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ????ζ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum?? ???????Dendranthema morifolium?? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????ù?? ????Ｄ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????÷ ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????Lilium buoum???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??????Lentinusedo-des?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????Tricholomagambosum?? ?????? ??????? ???????Ganoderma lucidum?? ?????? ????? ???β?? ???????Hericiumerinaceus?? ??????????л ???????spore?? ????Ρ???????? ???? ?????? ??????????????Campendium of Materia Medica?? ?????飨Ricinuscommunis?? ???????Eleocharis tuberosa?? ????????????boreal coniferous forest?? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ????? ?????????Angiospermae?? ????????Castanea mollissima?? ?????????strobile?? ???????? ???????????parenchyma?? ???????壨sporophyte?? ???????? ????????????????? ?????·???λ ?????????spore plants?? ?????????sporophyll?? ??????? ????????????(Ascomycotina) ????????????????????? ???????Liliaceae?? ????????capsula?? ???????(Magnoliaceae) ????????????? ????? ?????????Angiospermae?? ??????? ????????? ??????????????????? ???????????(Chemotaxonomy) ???????????protective tissue?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????Lilium brownii var.viridulum?? ??????????壨parenchyma?? ??????Brassicapekinensis?? ?????????sporocarp?? ????????Sporozoa?? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????chlorocholine chloride??chlormequat??CCC?? ????é ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????л ?????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????飨Cannabis sativa?? ????????? ??Ш?????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ???????Syringa oblata?? ???? ???? ?????Ulmus pumila?? ?????????? ???????????????е????ü??侭?????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????Nerium indicum?? ???????Cotinus coggygria?? ?????? ?????????Opuntia dillenii?? ???????????????? ?????Pranus persica?? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????Solanum raberosum?? ??????? ?????Morus alba?? ??????Sophora japonica?? ???????Rosa chinensis?? ???? ???????Raphanus sativus?? ????????? ????????????????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????Cuscuta chinensis?? ????????Ficus microcarpa?? ??????(Ipomoea batatas) ?????????Daucus carota var??sativus?? ???????Spinacia oleracea?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????Gleditsia sinensis?? ???????Ribinia pseudoacacia?? ????????Arachis hypogaea?? ???????? ???????Phaseolus vulgaris?? ???????? ?????????Astragahus sinica?? ??????????? ?????巢?????????? ????????????? ????????? ???????Citrus medica var??sarcodactylis?? ??????Brassica pekinensis?? ????????Zanthoxylum bungeanum?? ???????Lycopersicon eseulentum?? ???????Malus spectabilis?? ???????????????? ?????? ????? ???????????????? ???????Citrus medica?? ??????????? ???????Citrus limonia?? ???????Citrullus lanatus?? ??????Diospyros kaki?? ??????Nelumbo nucifera?? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ???????λ?ú????? ?????Citrus sinensis?? ?????? ?????Citrus grandis?? ??????Trichosanthes kirilowii?? ?????????Siraitia grosvenorii?? ??????Ponicirus frifoliata?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????(Lagenaria siceraria) ????????Capsicum annuum?? ???????Benincasa hispida?? ?????Solanum melongena?? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ??C4??? ??C3??? ??????? ???????Spinacia oleracea?? ?????????modification of stem?? ???????? ??????Cupressaceae?? ?????±???? ?????????? ??????????????Plant Tissue Culture?? ??????(Lichens) ????????Gramineae?? ???????Polygonatum sibiricum?? ????????е????????? ????????е???????? ???????Liliaceae?? ???????Typhalatifolia?? ???????Lemna minor?? ???????????????????? ????é ??????Leymus chinensis?? ????????е??? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????????????μ????? ??????Cucurbita moschata?? ???????Oenothera biennis?? ????? ??С????Kobresia humilis?? ?????飨Ricinus communis?? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ???????Paeoniasuffruticosa?? ????飨Rhododendrm simsii?? ???????????? ??????? ??????Castanea mollissima?? ?????????????????? ????????????????? ???????? ???????Nymphaea tetragona?? ????β?? ???棨Zizyphus jujuba?? ?????(Davidia involucrata?? ??????棨Calligonum mongolicum?? ????? ??????鱣?Liriodendron chinense?? ????鲣?Tilia amurensis?? ??????? ??ɡ??? ?????????Ceratoides latens?? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????Tulipa gesneriana?? ????????Cinnamomum camphora?? ??????Haloxylon ammodendrom?? ?????????youruoli?? ???????? ?????? ????黨? ???????? ???? ???????壨Ceratophyllum demersum?? ????????Castanopsis fargesii?? ???????Quercusa cutissima?? ??????Quercus glauca?? ??????Citrusreticulata?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??黣?Coryllusheterophylla?? ????Betulaplatyphylla?? ???????Juglans regia?? ??????Cucumisativus?? ???????Maluspumila?? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????Vicia faba?? ??????Pisum sativum?? ?????Glycine max?? ???裨Camellia sinensis?? ???????Phaseolusradiatus?? ????к? ?????????Helianthus annuus?? ?????? ????????? ???x????Mangifera indica?? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????Fragaria ananassa?? ????????Pharbitis nil?? ???????Vitis vinifera?? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????Pelargonium hortorum?? ?????? ?????Punica granatum?? ???髣?Crataegus pinnatifida?? ??С?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????Azolla imbricata?? ???????壨yuanshiluzao?? ?????Pteridium aquilinum?? ?????? ?????? ???????Lepidodendron?? ????????? ????(stem) ????? ????????Sigillaria?? ????????Funaria hygrometrica?? ???????Marchantia polymorpha?? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???????Selaginella tamariscina?? ???????Equisetum arvense?? ??????? ?????? ??????Cunninghamia lanceolata?? ??????Platycladus orientalis?? ????? ??????root?? ???????Pinus koraiensis?? ???????Ginkg obiloba?? ???????????Larix gmelinii?? ???????? ????? ????????Pinus bungeana?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????Pinus tabulaeformis?? ?????Pinus?? ??????? ?????? ??????Metasequoiaglyptostroboides?? ????????Taiwaniacryptomerioides?? ????β???Pinus massoniana?? ?????? ??????Vallisneria asiatica?? ???????Cathaya argyrophylla?? ????? ????? ???????Sagittaria trifolia var.edulis?? ???????Pinus densiflora?? ????? ????? ????? ???????Eleocharis tuberosa?? ???? ????????Pseudolarix kaempferi?? ?????? ????? ??????Zingiber offieinale?? ???????Colocasia esculentum?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????Sorghum vulgare?? ????? ??????Phragmites australis?? ????β???Setaria viridis?? ??????Oryza sativa?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????Echinochloacrusgalli?? ??????? ????? ????У?Allium cepa?? ?????Setaria italica?? ????Panicum miliaceum?? ???У?Allium fistulosum?? ??????Sarrcharym officinarum?? ??????? ??????? ????β?? ????? ???? ???????Quercus rariabilis?? ??С??Triticum aestivum?? ???????Zea mays?? ????? ????????Hosta plantaginea?? ????Allium sativum?? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????Fritillaria thunberg???? ????????Hemerocallisminor?? ????????????danziyezhiwugang?? ????? ????????Pterosauria?? ????????Ichthyosaurus?? ???????????????Himalayasaurus?? ?????????Plesiosauroidea?? ??????? ???????Rapanathomasiana?? ????θ ??β??? ?????? ??????Chelonia mydas?? ????Trionyxsinen-sis?? ?????????????Dsungaripterus?? ????????Oligochaeta?? ???????Dermochelys coriacea?? ????裣?Eretmochelysimbricata?? ???????Plexippus?? ????????Blattariae?? ????С?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????Flagellata?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??β??? ???? ????? ????? ?????(Mantodea) ???????(Paramecium) ?????(Trypanosoma) ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????(Lampyridea; fireflies) ????? ???? ????β黼? ???? ????з??(Grapsidae) ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????(Pipa) ????? ???? ?????(Paramesotriton) ??????(Varanus) ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????β???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???c?K?? ?????c?K??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????Lingula?? ????????Aphis gossypii?? ?????棨Aphididae?? ???????? ??????? ????????????Echinodermata?? ?????? ??????? ??????Asterinapectinifera?? ???? ???д?? ?????Aixgalericulata?? ????????Asteroidea?? ??????Ansercygnoidcs?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???ж?????? ??????????? ??????????Sogatella furcifera?? ???^?????Strigiformes?? ?????п??Dactylopteridae??flying gurnards?? ???????white ant?? ???????????Peridinium?? ?????? ????????Anas platyrhynchos?? ???????Anas domestica?? ???й??? ?????????Cypriniformes?? ??????????Frenatae?? ??????? ????? ???鳤???Primates?? ?????Spheniscus demersus?? ?????????Falconiformes?? ???è??Felis temmincki?? ??????Dromaeusnovaehollandiae?? ?????????Rheaamericana?? ????????Mustela eversmanni?? ???ο???? Chlamys (Azumapecten) farreri ?????????Pelecaniformes?? ?????????Craspedacusta?? ????????? ????????Cygnus olor?? ?????? ?????Cygnus?? ?????????Anseriformes?? ???????Pelecanus?? ?????? ??????????????Wuerhosaurushomheni?? ?????? ???????Bostaurusdomestica?? ???????Ceratotherium simus?? ???????Camelus?? ??????Aues?? ???й?????Sinognathus?? ????????????????Toujiangosaurusmultispinus?? ????????Phasianus colchicus?? ????????Dinosaurs?? ?????????Struthioniformes?? ?????????Placentalia?? ????????Myrmecophaga tridactyla?? ??????? ???????? ????????Diplodocus?? ???????Sauropoda?? ????????Saurischia?? ????? ?????? ??ìβ??Latimeria chalumnae?? ??????????Navodon modestus?? ???????????Mamenchisaurus?? ?????????Lufengosaurus?? ???????Hylachinensis?? ???????Theropoda?? ????????Ornithischia?? ??????????Yongchuanosaurus?? ??????????Tyrannosaurus?? ????? ????? ????????Stegosauria?? ??????????Alligatorsinensis?? ????????Agkistrodonacutus?? ????β???crotalusadamanteus?? ??????(Batrachuperus) ??????(Plethodontidae) ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????Testudinata?? ?????Chinemys reevesii?? ?????? ??????Varanus salvator?? ???????Chamaeleonvulgaris?? ?????綯????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????Gekko japonicus?? ???????? ????????? ??????????Naja??Ophiophagushannah?? ???????Bungarusfasciatus?? ????????Najamajaatra?? ??????Rana temporaria chensinensis?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????Serpentes??Ophidia?? ???????? ???????Stauroisricketti?? ???P?? ??????Ranacatesbeiana?? ?????????Gavialis gangeticus?? ?????????Alligator mississippiensis?? ????? ????ǹ?(Cuora) ????(Trionyx sinensis) ????(Pelochelys bibroni) ????????Calamaria septentrionalis?? ?????????Bungarusmulticinctusmulticinctus?? ??????????Crocodilusniloticus?? ?????? ???????Vipera russelii?? ??????Enhydris chinensis?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????Trimeresurusstejnegeri?? ??????Eunectes murinus?? ???????Pythonmolurusbivittatus?? ???????Agkistrodon halys?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????β ??????β ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ????Σ?Stichopus japouicus?? ?????????????Hemichordata?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????????(Amphibia) ????θ ?????θ ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????θ????? ????θ ????θ ????θ ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????????????? ??С??è ?????? ?????(Pachytriton) ?????(Gymnophiona) ???????? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ?????(Sirenidae) ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????(Proteus) ????????Amphibia?? ?????????Apoda?? ?????Ichthyophisglutinosus?? ????????? ????β???Urodela??Caudata?? ??????(Miorohyla) ??????(Hylidae) ?????(Bombina) ?????(Rana catesbeiana) ????????Electrophoruselectricus?? ???????? ???????Paralichthysolivaceus?? ???? ??????Gadusmacrocephalus?? ????????Monopterus albus?? ??????(Staurois) ??????(Rana limnocharis) ???й?????(Rana temporaria chensinensis) ?????(Bufo) ??????(Heloderma) ??????(XenoPus) ??????? ??????(Rhacophorus) ??????(Draco) ??????Ophiocephalus argus?? ???????Stegocephalia?? ??????(Ophisaurus harti) ??????Echeneis naucrates?? ???????? ??????Megophrysgiganticus?? ??????(Takydromus) ??????(Eremias) ??????(Japalura) ??????Andriasdavidianus?? ????β???Anura??Salientia?? ??????Bufobufogargarizans?? ???????(Eumeces) ??????(Chamaeleonidae) ?????и??Reptilia?? ?????Cynops orientalis?? ?????? ???????? ???????(Crocodiliformes) ?????(Gekkonidae) ?????? ?????? ????????Rananigromaculata?? ??????????Crossopterygii?? ?????????Rana plancyi plancyi?? ?????? ????è?? ???? ????è ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????è ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????Molamola?? ????????Fugu?? ?????? ??? ???B ???????? ?????????Decapterus maruadsi?? ??????Trichiurus haumela?? ???? ????Stromateoidesargenteus?? ?????Scomberomorusniphonius?? ?????Pneumatophorusjaponicus?? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????Carassius auratus?? ??????У?Megalobramaamblycephala?? ??? ????????Hippocampus?? ????????Syngnathus acus?? ???? ???? ???????Pseudosciaena crocea?? ?????Lateolabrasjaponicus?? ???????? ???????Tilapia mossambica?? ?????? ???????? ????????Pagrosomusmajor?? ??С????Pseudosciaenapolyactis?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???л?????? ??????????Chondrichthyes?? ???? ?????裨Rhincodon typus?? ???????Gnathostomata?? ???壨Macrura reevesii?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????Ilishaelongata?? ?????????Osteichthyes?? ????Aciponser?? ???壨Macrura reevesii?? ?????? ?????????Oncorhynchus keta?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????Ctenopharyngodon idellus?? ??????? ??????Mylopharyngodon piceus?? ???????? ????Cyprinus carpia?? ??????Aristichthys nobilis?? ????Hypophthalmichthys molitrix?? ??????? ?????? ????Carassius auratus?? ????β?? ?????? ????? ??????λ ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????Castor fiber?? ?????????Lagomorpha?? ????(Gryllidae) ???(Tabanidae; horse flies) ??Ы ????(Siphonaptera) ????β?? ??????Eutamias sibiricus?? ????????Carnivora?? ??????Sciurus vulgaris?? ????????Lepus tolai?? ????緼? ?????? ????β???? ?????? ???Ｇ??Apodemus agrarius?? ??С????Mus musculus?? ?????? ??????Citellus dauricus?? ?????????Apodemus agrarius?? ?????з(cocount crab, robber crab) ??????β?? ??????Cricetulus?? ??????(Lepas anatifera) ???з(freshwater crab) ??????????з(Portunus trituberculatus) ???????Rattus norvegicus?? ???????Desmodus rotundus?? ???????Plecotus auritus?? ??????Pteropus?? ???????? ???????з(Scylla serrata) ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????^ ????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??÷??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????β? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???д????Marsupialia?? ?????? ?????(Araneidae; orb-weaver, garden spider) ???г?з(Uca; fiddler crab) ?????? ??????(Dermatophagoidinae;house dust mites) ???????Passer montanus?? ??????????Eutheria?? ?????????Placentalia?? ???? ???????Archaeopteryxlithographica?? ??????(Odonata) ?????? ??????(Ephemeroptera;mayfly) ???з(Ocypodidae) ?????????Prototheria?? ?????????Monotremata?? ????????Ornithorhynehus anatinus?? ????? ????????Mammalia?? ????????Passeriformes?? ?????(Geometridae;geometrid) ????(horseshoe crab) ?????з(Dorippe;musk crab) ??????Hirundorustica?? ?????(Limacodidae;slug moths) ???????(Saturniidae; giant silkworm moths) ?????飨Melanocorypha?? ????磨Acridotherescristatellus?? ?????Oriolus?? ????(Cicadidae) ??????Pica pica?? ?????(crayfish,crawfish) ???????Lanius?? ?????(Bombus; bumble bee) ?????Columbarupestris?? ?????Columbalivia?? ??С??(Chalcidoidea) ??????(Scolioidea) ????????Orthotomus?? ????ü??Garrulax canorus?? ??????(Sarcoptidae; itch mites) ?????(Acridoidea) ?????(Bombyx mori) ?????(Apoidea) ???????Psittacula?? ????飨Cuculus?? ?????Columbaliviadomestica?? ?????? ????????飨Cuculusmicropterus?? ?????飨Cuculuscanorus?? ?????(Exopalaemon) ?????(Cerambycidae; longhorned beetles) ?????(Coccinellidae;lady beetles) ?????(Penaeus) ?????棨Aphididae; aphids?? ??????Trochilidae?? ?????Apusapus?? ??è?? ???^ ???^?????Strigiformes?? ??????(Vespoidea;wasps) ???(Anoplura) ?????(Cicadellidae) ?????(Sphecoidea;digger wasps) ??????? ???????Upupaepops?? ????? ??????(Ichneumqnidae;ichneuman-wasps) ?????q??Nipponianippon?? ???????Egrettagarzetta?? ?????????Gruiformes?? ?????????Grusjaponensis?? ?????(Arctiidae;tiger moths) ?????(Sphingidae; sphinx moths) ?????(Balanomorpha; acorn barnacles) ?????(Macrobrachium; river prawn) ??? ?????a??Glareolamaldivarum?? ????????Grusnigricollis?? ????(Pentatomidae;stink bug) ??????(Theridiidae; cobweb weaver) ?????Otistarda?? ??????(Phasmida) ??????? ?????з(pagurids) ???????Coturnixcoturnix?? ??????Gallus domestica?? ?????????Columbiformes?? ??????Columbidae?? ????(Tettigoniidae) ??????? ??????(Gryllotalpidae; molecrickets) ???????Gallusgallus?? ??Ф?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??β?? ??β?? ??? ???????Sus scrofa?? ????(Sus scrofa domestica) ???????????Tetraogallus himalayensis?? ??β?? ?????????Bienotherium?? ????Elephas?? ???? ?????? ??????????Tetraogallus himalayensis?? ??????? ????? ????????Elephas africanus?? ??????Mammuthus primigenins?? ????? ?????? ????????Elephas maximus?? ??????? ????? ??з?? ???????? ???????Dugong dugon?? ?????????Perissodactyla?? ??????Equus hemionus?? ?????Equus asinus?? ????? ????????Equus zebra?? ?????γ?(Amoeba) ????? ??????? ??????Equus caballus?? ???????Equus przewalskii?? ?????(Nereididae) ??????? ?????? ????(Hirudinea) ??????? ???г?(Cestodea) ???г??(Turbellaria) ??????(Trematoda) ??????Lagopuslagopus?? ???????Pavo?? ????????Falcoperegrinus?? ????????(Porifera) ????????Ichthyosaurus?? ?????????Ciconiiformes?? ???????(plesiosaur) ???????Tetra?? ??????(Pterosauria) ?????????(Mamenchisaurus) ??????? ??? ???Milvusmilvus?? ?????m??Aquila chrysaetos?? ????????Gypaetusbarbatus?? ????? ?????(swan mussel) ?????????Galliformes?? ???(Corbiculidae;little mussel) ?????? ????(Hydra) ?????(Fruticicolidae;land snail) ???????Lophuranycthemera?? ????β????Syrmaticus?? ???????????Tragopan caboti?? ??????????Phasianus colchicus?? ????????(Crossoptilon mantchuricum) ??????(Bullacta exarata) ?????(Ostreidae; oyster) ?????(Meretrix meritrix) ??????(Viviparidae; pond snail) ?????(Pectinidae;scallops) ????????Manispentadactyla?? ????????Choloepusdidactylus?? ????????Insectivora?? ???????Oryctolagus cuniculus domestica?? ?????????Rodentia?? ????????(Echinoidea) ?????? ?????(Vorticellidae) ???????(Radiolaria) ???????(Stentor) ??????Erinaceuseuropaeus?? ????????Dermoptera?? ?????????Chiroptera?? ??????Vespertilio superans?? ??????Rousettusleschenaulti?? ??????????(Euphausia superba) ????? ?????? ????????Tachyglossus aculeatus?? ??????????Metatheria?? ??????? ?????? ???????Thylacinus cynocephalus?? ???????Macropus major?? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????(Psittacosaurus) ????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????????(Tyrannosaurus) ????? ?????? ?????(Typhlopidae) ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????(Calamaria) ??????(Elaphe) ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????(Hydrophidae) ??????? ????????? ????????(Ptyas korros) ???????? ???????? ??β ??????(Natrix natrix) ?????? ??????? ???????(Azemiops feae) ????????(Dinodon rufozonatum) ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????(Chelonia mydas;green turtle) ????????(Cyclemys mouhotii) ????????? ??????(Python molarus bivittatus) ????? ???????? ???????(Dermochelys coriacea) ??????(Ocadia sinensis) ??????? ??????? ????? ??????(Platysternon megacephalum) ?????(Geoemyda spengleri) ??????(Testudoformes) ?????(Testudo elephantopus) ????????(Geochlone elongata) ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??С?? ?????(Chinemys reevesii) ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????Moschusmoschiferus?? ???????Alcesalces?? ????????Cervus albirostris?? ????????Camelus ferus, C??bactrianus?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????Capreoluscapreolus?? ???????Cervuselaphus?? ??????Rangifertarandus?? ??С??Muntiacusreevesi?? ??? ?????????Giraffacamelopardalis?? ???????Elaphurusdavidianus?? ????Equus asinus??Equus caballus orientalis?? ?????????Hyracotherium?? ??÷?????Cervusnippon?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????Artiodactyla?? ????????Didermocerussumatrensis?? ???????Diceros bicornis?? ?????? ?????????Rhinocerosunicornis?? ???? ?????^?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????ɡ ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??β?? ????β?? ?????β?? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????Bosgaurus?? ???????? ??????? ???????Pophagusgruniens??Bosmutus?? ??????Bubalusbubalus?? ??????Bosgaurus?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????磨Naemorhedusgoral?? ???????? ??С?? ??????磨Budorcastaxicolor?? ?????磨Pantholopshodgsoni?? ?????????Saigatatarica?? ??????Procapragutturosa?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????Connochaetes?? ????? ???????? ??α?? ????? ?????ζ??? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? Patinopecten (Mizuhopecten) yessoensis ????????? Argopectens irradias ????????±? Amussium japonicum formosum ???????? ?????????????Chordata?? ???????? ????β ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????????eutrophication?? ????????Gastropoda?? ???????? ??????lungfish?? ????????hatching?? ??????????segmentation movement?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????Blattodea?? ?????????Clupeiformes?? ????β? ????ü ????????Coraciiformes?? ???????? ????????????????rumination?? ????? ????β????? ???? ??????? ???????????defensivebehavior?? ??????????棨killerparamecia?? ????????homing?? ???? ????????????Gastrotricha?? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????q ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????^ ??С?^ ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????^ ????^ ????? ???????? ??? ????V ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? Sepia esculenta ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????? Mactra quadrangularis ??????????? Ruditapes philippinarum ??????? Coelomactra antiquata ??????? ??????????????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????Megalobatrachus davidianus?? ????????Monoplacophora?? ????????Isoptera?? ??????è??Ailuropoda melanoleuca?? ??????è???Ailuropodidaer?? ????? ?????? ????θ ?????? ????? ????????? ??animal sleep?? ?????????? ????????? ??animal behavior?? ??????????? ?????????? ??taxonomic zoology?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????kineses?? ??????? ??zoology?? ????????Myriapoda?? ????? ???????Crocodilia?? ???????Polyplacophora?? ???????M ????????Trematoda?? ??????Ostrea?? ????? ?????????? ?????????Proboscidea?? ???????????supernormal stimuli?? ????????????stimulus summation?? ????????Mammalia?? ??????棨Paramecium?? ?????ζ??????Nemathelminthes?? ??????棨Schistosoma?? ???????г棨Taeniasolium?? ??????г棨Taenia saginata?? ????????Hemiptera?? ?????????Lamellibranchia?? ???????predator?? ????棨Enterobius vermicularis?? ??????????essential element?? ?????? ?????? ????棨Ascarislumbricoides?? ?????ζ??????Platyhelminthes?? ?????????Sagartialeucolena?? ?????? ?????ζ??????Platyhelminthes?? ?????γ棨Amoeba?? ??????????????origin of mammals?? ????????Mastigophora?? ???????variety?? ????????Lipotes vexillifer?? ?????????????Hemichordata?? ????????? Ostrea (Crassostrea) rivularis ??????????? Ostrea (Crassostrea) talienwhanensis ??????? Ostrea plicatula ??????г棨Planocera reticulata?? ?????г棨Euplanaria??Dugesia?? ???г???Turbellaria?? ????????? Cypraea carneola ??????? Ostrea (Crassostrea) gigas ????????????Coelenterata?? ???????????Porifera?? ???????? Neverita didyma ?????? Chanoria trltonls ???????? Nautilus pompilius ???? ????Hydra?? ??????Hydrozoa?? ?????? Cymbium melo ??????? Lambis lambis ???????Rhopilemaesculenta?? ??????????Aurelia aurita?? ????????? Turbo marmoratus Linnaeus ????????? Turbo chrysostomus ?????????? Trochus niloticus ?????????Anthozoa?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????è??Felis domestica?? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??Χ??? ??????Odobenus rosmarus?? ?????????Eumetopias jubata?? ????????Callorhinus ursinus?? ?????????Pinnipedia?? ?????(Cetacea) ???? ?????? ???? ?????γ棨Amoeba?? ????????Sarcodina?? ????????Balaenopteraphysalus?? ?????????Megapteranovaeangliae?? ??????? ???????Physeter catodon?? ????????Orcinus orca?? ?????棨Plasmodium?? ????????Sporozoa?? ????????Lipotes vexillifer?? ?????? ??????棨Paramoecium caudatum?? ????????Ciliata?? ??????Neomeris phocaenoides?? ????????Mustela sibirica?? ????????Marteszibellina?? ??????Lutralutra?? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????Panthera tigris?? ??è???Felidae?? ????????????Protozoa?? ?????????? ???????Felislynx??Lynxlynx?? ??????????Panthera tigris altaica?? ?????????Panthera tigris amoyensis?? ????????? ????????? ???????Panthera uncia?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????è??Felis temmincki?? ????è??Felis bengalensis?? ?????Panthera leo?? ???????Neofelis nebulosa?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? Haliotis diversicolor ?????? Haliotis asinina ???й????? Mactra chinensis ????? ?????Canis lupus?? ??????Canidae?? ?????? ???? ??????Vulpesvulpes?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????Ursidae?? ?????Nyctereutes procyonoides?? ????Cuonjavanicus?? ???? ???????Alopex lagopus?? ????? ????????? ?????漤?? ????? ??????è??Ailuropodamelanoleucus?? ???????Ursusarctos?? ???????Selenarctos thibetanus?? ????Meles meles?? ???????? Perna viridis ?????? ??????? ???????? Mytilus coruscus ???? ????? ??? ????? Scapharca subcrenata ?????? Scapharca broughtonii ?????? Tegillarca granosa ????? Mytilus edulis ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????ǹ???? Loligo japonica ?????? Octopus variabilis ???? ????????? venerupis variegata ????? Cyclina sinensis ?????????Dryopithecus?? ????????Insecta?? ????????????Gryllotalpaunispina?? ????????????Gryllotalpa africana?? ????Gryllulus??Gryllus?? ????????? ????????? ??????????Australopithecus?? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????Odonata?? ?????????Proboscidea?? ????????????Homoerectuspekinensis?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????taxis?? ??????Canidae?? ??????????Ratitae?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????food chain?? ?????????biological clock?? ????????????bioluminescence?? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????aggressive behavior?? ??????Hydrozoa?? ??????Aves?? ????????tetrapoda?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????????parental care?? ????????????Coelenterata?? ?????? ??????? ????????Carnivora?? ????????Diptera?? ??????????Australopithecus?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????Pinnipedia?? ?????????Plesiosauroidea?? ???????hair?? ??ī?? ?????? ????????Coleoptera?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????fin formula?? ?????????Odonata?? ?????? ?????????bird banding?? ????????????air sac of birds?? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????Muridae?? ????????Lariformes?? ???????? ?????????Rodentia?? ????????Sciuridae?? ????????Cricetidae?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????????Lamprey?? ??????????Chondrichthyes?? ????β???Ophiuroidea?? ?????嶯?????Mollusca?? ?????? ???????????comfort behavior?? ?????? ?????? ??????????Impennes?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??С??è??Viverricula indica?? ??????è??Viverrazibetha?? ??С??è??Ailurus fulgens?? ?????Apis?? ?????? ???????Myxine?? ??è???Felidae?? ?????没????entomogenous?? ??????imitation?? ???????Aedes?? ???????Culex?? ???????Anopheles?? ?????Culicidae?? ?????????Piciformes?? ?????????Anguilliformes?? ??????? ????? ????????Rotifera?? ??????Cervidae?? ????????Kallimachinensis?? ??????? ???????Musca domestica?? ?????????Ophiocephaliformes?? ??????????Ramapithecus?? ???????? ????????Hymenoptera?? ????è???Viverridae?? ????????????? ??dispersal?? ???????Trichogrammaevanescens?? ????????Insecta?? ???鳤???Primates?? ??????Bombyx mori?? ??????棨Dendrolimus?? ????棨Leucania separata?? ??????Vespa?? ?????????feeding behavior?? ????????Passeriformes?? ?????????Trilobita?? ?????????Dryopithecus?? ????? ???????Antheraea pernyi?? ???? ?????Endromis versicolora?? ??????Hemerophila atrilineata?? ????? ???????? ?????????neuston?? ??????????Chilo suppressalis?? ?????? ????????Pierisrapae?? ??????Bovidae?? ??????feather?? ????????Artiodactyla?? ????????kin recognition?? ???????? ???????棨Pectinophoragossypiella?? ??????棨Heliothis armigera?? ??????????Tryporyza incertulas?? ??????????Ostrinianubilalis?? ???????????Rhopalocera?? ????????Sarcodina?? ???????Selachoidei?? ????棨Harmonia axyridis?? ??????????food begging behavior?? ????????棨Eurhodopepirivorella?? ????С???棨Grapholithamolesta?? ????С???棨Carposinaniponensis?? ?????и??Reptilia?? ????? ????????????(Henosepilachnavigintioctomaculata) ?????????Anoplophorachinensis?? ??????????habitat selection?? ???????courtship?? ?????????lek?? ?????? ????????棨Coccinellaseptempunctate?? ?????? ??????Pediculus?? ???? ????????Lepidoptera?? ???????Archaeopteryx?? ??????Macaca cyclopis?? ??????Nycticebus coucang?? ?????? ????????Coleoptera?? ?????????Phasmida?? ??????Scarabaaeussaeer?? ??????? ?????棨Luciolavitticollis?? ?????????Anthropoid?? ???????Rhinopithecus?? ???????Presbytisfrancoisi?? ????????Papio hamadryas?? ????Macaca mulatta?? ??????Acrida?? ???????Oxya chinensis?? ??????Locuta?? ???? ????????Orthoptera?? ?????????Gorilla gorilla?? ??????????Hylobates concolor?? ???????Pongopygmaeus?? ?????????Pantroglodytes?? ????????????Echinodermata?? ????????????Acanthocephala?? ??????????????Vertebrata?? ??????????? ?????Aranea?? ??? ???????Euphausia?? ???????Penaeus orientalis?? ??????? ???????? ??????????з??Poriunustrituberculatus?? ????з??Eriocheirsinensis?? ???????Panulirus?? ????????????Chelidenium ar gentatum?? ????????Galleria mellonella?? ??????????????? ??????棨Trilobita?? ????????Gobioninae??gudgeons?? ??????飨Cyclops?? ????飨Daphnia?? ???????Cladocera?? ???????Crustacea?? ?????????Thripidae?? ????????Trogoderma variabile?? ????? ???????Lepas anatifera?? ????????Polychaeta?? ??? ?????Porcellio?? ???????Balanus?? ??????? ??Lemnaceae?? ??????????? ?????????? ??Phylloxeridae??phylloxerids?? ???????? ??Anthocoridae??flower bugs?? ?????Eupolyphaga?? ????????? ??Balsaminaceae?? ???? ???? ????? ????????Scaphopoda?? ????????Hymenoptera?? ???????????altuistic behavior?? ????????Myriapoda?? ????????Tetranychusurticae?? ???????????tight junction?? ?????????Cuculiformes?? ?????Scolopendra?? ???????Prospirobolus?? ??????????Crossoptilon mantchuricum?? ????????Pavo muticus?? ?????θ??Arachnoidea?? ?????з??Pagurus?? ???????Thereuopoda?? ???????Equidae?? ?????????Galliformes?? ???????Callus gallus?? ??Ы??Buthusmartensi?? ??????Rhinocerotidae?? ???????Uroctea?? ??????Lycosa?? ????? ?????? ???????Oryctolagus cuniculus domestica?? ???????Crustecea?? ???????pectoral girdle?? ?????????Perrisodactyla?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??Χ??? ?????????Synbranchiformes?? ?????????Gruiformes?? ??????????Beloniformes?? ??????????mating system?? ???????loreal pit?? ?????????Anthocidariscrassispina?? ??????????Hemicentrotuspulcherrimas?? ?????????Echinoidea?? ?????? ??????transverse orientation?? ????????Pholidota?? ????????Lepidoptera?? ??????????Jugatae?? ?????θ??Holothurioidea?? ???????Elaphurus davidianus?? ????????Hemiptera?? ???????Phlebotomus?? ???????Cryptotympana pustulata?? ????????Homoptera?? ?????棨Cimex?? ????????Amph ibia?? ??????????chain response?? ???????壨Spirochaeta?? ??????territory?? ??????????????origin of amphibians?? ??????? ??????? ?????????Perciformes?? ????????Diptera?? ?????????the white race?? ??????????Adoretus tenuimaculatus?? ???????? ??????Psephurus gladius??chinese paddle??fish?? ??????????Parathene tabaniformis?? ??????????Potosia??Liocola??brevitarsis?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????????Fridericia?? ???c?K???Lophiidae??anglers?? ?????????Exopalaemon?? ?????????Phylactelaemata?? ????????Diplopoda?? ???θ ????? ????? ?????? ??????????Homo erectus pekinensis?? ??????Pycnonotidae??bulbuls?? ????? ????????Haliotis?? ?????????Ciconiifornis?? ?????????????棨Leishmania donovani?? ???????Oncomelaniahupensis?? ????????Cypraea?? ??????Haliotis?? ???????????Trochus??Tectusniloticusmaximus?? ???????Parafossarulus?? ????? ???????Rhinopithecus roxellanae?? ????????????Arthropoda?? ???????????棨Ancylostoma duodenale?? ????Σ?migration?? ???????????Hyriopsiscumingii?? ????????????Anodontawoodianawoodiana?? ????? ????????Sirenia?? ?????? ??????Arcidae?? ?????????homeothermy?? ???????Cetacea?? ??????????Odontoceti?? ???? ???????Unio?? ?????嶯?????Mollusca?? ????? ???θ??Hirudinea?? ????? ?????????????????comparative vertebrate anatomy?? ????棨Trypanosoma?? ????????? ????棨Wuchereria?? ?????????????vertebrate virus?? ????????????Arthropoda?? ?????Whitmania?? ????Σ?Hirudo nipponia?? ??????migrant?? ???????Procyonidae?? ???????Cephalopoda?? ????????Limax?? ??????棨Enterobius vermicularia?? ????????????Annelida?? ?????????Mystacoceti?? ?????? ?????????γ? ????????????Annelida?? ??????Octopus?? ??ǹ??????Loligo?? ????????????Architeuthis?? ????????parasitism?? ???????????sexual parasitism?? ???????γ棨Trichomonas vaginalis?? ????????notochord?? ?????????Harpaconoidalis?? ??????Oliva?? ?????????Platorinslens?? ????????Pholcus?? ?????????Acipenseriformes?? ?????? ???????Bivalvia?? ?????????Lamellibranchiata?? ???????Polyplacophora?? ??????????Alligator sinensis?? ???????Chlamys?? ????????Ichthyosauria?? ???????Branchiostoma?? ????????swim bladder?? ????????λ ???????Solen?? ???????Sinonovacula constricta?? ????涯?????Nematoda?? ????????Ciliata?? ?????? ?????? ??????????Tyrannosaurus?? ?????? ???????Batoidei?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????Barbinae??barbels?? ???????Ciconia ciconia??white stork?? ??????β????Syrmaticus reevesii??white??crowned long??tailed pheasant?? ??????????Thaia rubiginosa?? ????????Fulica atra??coot?? ??????????????Cephalochordata?? ??β???????????Urochordata?? ?????????????Chordata?? ????????Puffinus leucomelas??white??frontedshearwater?? ??????????????Vertebrata?? ??????????????Australoid race?? ???????Coturnix coturnix??common quail?? ???????????Babesia?? ???????Lophura nycthemera??silver pheasant?? ???????crayfish??crawfish?? ???????Azemiops feae?? ??? ????? ???? ???????????Bohadschia?? ???????? ?????? ????????Pittidae??pittas?? ???????????Homarus??lobster?? ???c?K???Lophiiformes??anglerfishes?? ????????????Eimeria?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????Panthera pardus??leopard?? ????????Chriocentrus dorab??wolf herring?? ???????Ericerus pela?? ????????Trialeurodes uaporariorum?? ?????? ?????????Cypraeidae??cowries?? ?????? ?????? ????????Raja kenojei??flat back?? ?????????Anas poecilorhyncha??spotbill duck?? ????? ?????? ?????????????Hemichordata?? ????????Hemiptera?? ???????????Pelecanus philippensis??spot??billedpelican?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????Streptopelia??doves?? ???????Zygaenidae??leaf skeletonizer moths?? ????????Tiliaceae?? ????? ?????????Rheum?? ?????????Flacourtiaceae?? ?????? ???????? ??????????Dendrocopos major??great piedwoodpecker?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????Anser indicus??bar??headed goose?? ????è????Ictalurus punctatus??channel catfish?? ??????????eurypterids?? ????????zebras?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????鳣????д??????????? ??STANDARD PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PROTOCOLS ??Simplified Arabidopsis Transformation Protocol ??Competent agro prep for electroporation ??Green lab protocol for vacuum infiltration transfo ??Cell Suspension Culture of Arabidopsis ??Pollen Development in Anthers of Arabidopsis ??Arabidopsis RNA extraction protocol ???????????late stage H.sapiens?? ??????????invertebrate?? ?????????Chiroptera?? ???????scale?? ????????Pterosaurs?? ?????Seymouria?? ???г? ????β???Anura??Salientia?? ?????????Psittaciformes?? ??з ????????fin?? ??????Ursidae?? ???????Cyclostomata?? ???????Mustelidae?? ??? ?????????Prototheria?? ????????Orthoptera?? ??????Ichthyostega?? ?????????nekton?? ?????????Apodiformes?? ????????????Protozoa?? ????ù????tool using?? ????????Insectivora?? ????????releaser?? ???????????experimental ethology?? ?????????Scandentia?? ??????????Anopheles?? ?????????Neoceratodus forsteri??Queens??land lungfish?? ?????????棨alternation of generations?? ?????嶯???С?????the mollusk size rule?? ?????????Acridotheres ??mynas?? ????????????Octocorallia?? ????????????Ceratodontiformes?? ????棨Euglena?? ?????????Aegyptopithecus?? ??????fetal membrane??extraembryonic membrane?? ??й????cloaca?? ?????????sign stimuli?? ??β?? ?????? ?????????Apoda?? ??β???????????Urochordata?? ??Ы ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????Mentodea?? ????β???Collembola?? ??????????Eutheria?? ???г? ?????????Pelecaniformes?? ???? ??? ???? ???????Suidae?? ?????θ??Arachnoida?? ????? ?????? ???? ????????Crossopterygii?? ?????????Falconiformes?? ???????? ???????? ??????????early stage Apeman?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????Homoptera?? ??????????????Cephalochordata?? ???????Cephalopoda?? ??????Camelidae?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????Squamata?? ?????????Lagomorpha?? ???β???Thysanura?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??β??? ??????? ??????? ??????????late stage ape-man?? ???????????early stage H.sapiens?? ???????Aplacophora?? ?????????Ctenophora?? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ??????????(Layer-analise technique) ???????????????????????????? ??????????(Layer-analise technique) ???????????????????????????? ??Preparation of Dialysis Tubing ??Preparation of Dialysis Tubing ???????????????????????о???? ???????????????????????о???? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ??Preparation of Dialysis tubing ??Preparation of Dialysis tubing ????????????? ????????????? ??Tips for acid elution of peptid ??Tips for acid elution of peptid ??PI-PLC Purification ??PI-PLC Purification ?????鵰?????????????? ?????鵰?????????????? ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ??Large scale nuclear extract preparat ??Large scale nuclear extract preparat ??DEAE column: FPLC ??DEAE column: FPLC ??Preparation of Affinity Column ??Preparation of Affinity Column ??rat liver cytosol preperation ??rat liver cytosol preperation ??DEAE Column ??DEAE Column ??Sonication of Bacteria ??Sonication of Bacteria ??Preparation of Cell Lysate ??Preparation of Cell Lysate ??Whole Cell Extracts Preparation ??Whole Cell Extracts Preparation ????????????? ????????????? ??Cajal Body Isolation Protocol ??Cajal Body Isolation Protocol ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??Isolation of Protein from Tissue ??Isolation of Protein from Tissue ??TCA protein precipitation ??TCA protein precipitation ??Nuclear Extract Preparation ??Nuclear Extract Preparation ??TCA protein precipitation ??TCA protein precipitation ??Protein Precipitation Protocols ??Protein Precipitation Protocols ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ??Protocol for Protein Extraction&n ??Protocol for Protein Extraction&n ??Silver Staining Protocol ??Silver Staining Protocol ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ??Sample preparation (analytical ge ??Sample preparation (analytical ge ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??2D????????? ??2D????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ???????????? ???????????? ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electropho ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electropho ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electropho ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electropho ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Two-hybrid analysis of genetic&nb ??Two-hybrid analysis of genetic&nb ????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?????????飬????????????о?????·?? ?????????飬????????????о?????·?? ????????????о?????????????? ????????????о?????????????? ????????????о?????D?D????о? ????????????о?????D?D????о? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????о?????·?? ??????????????о?????·?? ????????????о?????????????? ????????????о?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????鳣?????? ???????????鳣?????? ??Western Blots ??Western Blots ????????????? ????????????? ???????(???) ???????(???) ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ??Two-hybrid analysis of genetic&nb ??Two-hybrid analysis of genetic&nb ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????--??????????????????? ???????--??????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ??PCR-ELISA???????? ??PCR-ELISA???????? ???????????????????????????е???? ???????????????????????????е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ?????????鼼?????о???? ?????????鼼?????о???? ???????????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????飬????????????о?????·?? ?????????飬????????????о?????·?? ????????????о?????D?D????о? ????????????о?????D?D????о? ?????????鼼?????о???? ?????????鼼?????о???? ????????????о?????????????? ????????????о?????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE?????? ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE?????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ???????????о??? ???????????о??? ??Silver Staining Protocol ??Silver Staining Protocol ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ??2D????????? ??2D????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????FAQ ???????????????????FAQ ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE?????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE?????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ???????--??????????????????? ???????--??????????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??Silver Staining Protocol ??Silver Staining Protocol ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??peptide fingerprint mapping ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic An ????????????????? ????????????????? ???°?ChIP????????У?EZ ChIP™ ???°?ChIP????????У?EZ ChIP™ ??Immunoprecipitation of Proteins ??Immunoprecipitation of Proteins ??Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation ??Metabolic labeling & Immunoprecipitation ??Metabolic labeling & Immunoprecipitation ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation ??IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ??IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ??Glycolipid Binding Assay ??Glycolipid Binding Assay ??Cold Immunoprecipitations ??Cold Immunoprecipitations ?????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ??BCA???????????? ??BCA???????????? ????????????鼼?? ???????????о???????· ???????????????? ?????????????????15????? ??6???????????????? ?????????ο????? ??????????????????????????о? ?????????? PCA ???????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????????????о? ?????????????????? ????????Ｐ????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??SDS-PAGE???????? ????????????????????? ?????????SDS-??????????????????? ???????????????????D?D?????? ???????????????????? ??????????????輰??????? ?????????????????????鷽???? ???????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????е??????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????и?Ч??????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????tertiary structure?? ??????domain?? ????????????supersecondary structure?? ???????????????secondary structure?? ???????????????primary structure) ???????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ??BCA???????????? ???°?ChIP????????У?EZ ChIP™ ????????????????????????? ???г???????????????????λ?? ?????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??Immunoprecipitation of Proteins ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation ??Metabolic labeling & Immunoprecipitation ??IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ??Glycolipid Binding Assay ??Immunoprecipitation ??Cold Immunoprecipitations ??Preparation of Dialysis tubing ??Preparation of Dialysis Tubing ???????????????? ??PI-PLC Purification ???????????????????????????? ??????????(Layer-analise technique) ?????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??Tips for acid elution of peptid ???????????????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????????о???? ?????鵰?????????????? ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ??rat liver cytosol preperation ??Whole Cell Extracts Preparation ??DEAE Column ??DEAE column: FPLC ??Preparation of Affinity Column ??Sonication of Bacteria ??Large scale nuclear extract preparat ??Preparation of Cell Lysate ??Cajal Body Isolation Protocol ??????????????????? ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??TCA protein precipitation ??TCA protein precipitation ??Protein Precipitation Protocols ??Isolation of Protein from Tissue ??Nuclear Extract Preparation ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??codon usage database ?????ú???????????? ????????????? ?????????????????????????η??? ????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????protein profiling???????????????? ?????????--????? ??Search medline for yeast prions news with:URE2,URE3,SUP35,PNM2,SUP11,PSI+,Hsp104 ??14-3-3 proteins ??GPI???? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????ο??????λ??dalton?? ???????????????ο??(??λ??pH) ??ChIP Assay Protocol ??Immunoprecipitation and Immune Complex kinase assay ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??ChIP Protocol??Mirmira Lab?? ??Yeast Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay and PCR ??ULTIMATE FREEZE-THAW LYSIS FOR MAMMALIAN CELLS ??Immunoprecipitation ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Yeast Whole Cell Extracts ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Mammalian Cell Extracts ??Cell Lysis/Western/IP ???????????黺????????? ??Bradford Assay ??Lowry Protein Assay ??Bradford Protein Assay ??????????????????? ??Brandford??????????? ??Modified Lowry Protein Assay ??Column Buffers: CREB ??GST fusion protein purification--GST????????? ??HIS-tagged protein purification ??Affinity Column Preparation--??????????? ??Fusion Protein Isolation--??????????? ??His??????????--Purification of 6xHis epitope tagged proteins ??GST?????????--Purification of GST fusion proteins in E.coli ??GST????????? ??GST?????????--????С?????? ??GST?????????--???????? ??Purification of dnEBNA-1/Soft from E. coli BL21 LysS ??6xHis-tagged protein purification using Qiagen Ni-NTA Column ??Protein Syntheses in Cell Free Systems ??In vitro translation ??Dried droplet ??Seeded films (Vorm-Roepstorff) ??Polycrystalline thin films--?????????? ??PREPARATION OF PROTEIN A SEPHAROSE CL 4B BEADS ??SILVER STAIN OF PROTEIN GELS ??WESTERNS ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay Conditions -Mg/EDTA in Gel and Buffer ??Purification of Gcn4 ??Analysis of total E. coli protein by SDS PAGE ??PIC Cross-linking and Immune Precipitation ??Cyanogen Bromide digestion of protein ??Comassie Stain of Protein Gel ??Purification of recombinant sBRF M166L ??Bio-Rad Protein Assay ??GST Fusion Protein Prep ??BOILING PROTEIN PREP ??CATHY'S NO BOIL YEAST EXTRACTS ??Taq Polymerase Purification ??Protocol for Protein Extraction ??Purifying Protein from Inclusion Bodies ??Myosin Light Chain Preparation ??Chazin Lab Protocol for Determining Denaturant Concentration ??Purification of Calmodulin from Bovine Brain ??Purification of Myosin Light Chain Kinase ??TCA protein precipitation ??Purification of TFIIA from E. coli ??Purification of TFIIIC ??Yeast mini whole cell extract using glass beads for western analysis ??Rapid Yeast Protein Prep for SDS PAGE and Western ??Guanidine Hydrochloride Purification of Proteins From SDS PAGE ??Yeast Protein Isolation "Yaffe-Schatz" ??Lysis Buffers--????????????????? ??Fluorescent Timer ????SSH?????????????? ??Atlas™cDNA???????(Expression Array) ??Multiple Tissue Northern (MTN™ ![](\"https://muchongimg.xmcimg.com/data/emuch_bbs_images/smilies/wink.gif\") Blots??SNPs???? ??T7Select ????????? ????????似???????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ??Adeno-X ??????----????Ч??????????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ??????????Novagen??? ???????????????Promega ??His-Tag????????Qiagen ????????--GE ?????????????????????????Invitrogen ????????--??????????????????? ???????????????????? ???Tag?????????NEB????????? ??????????? ??Pichia??????????????? ????????--?????????????? ?????/????/??????ó?????Ч???????? ??siRNAs???????о????????? ??siRNA???????? ?????RNAi????????????? ??siRNA?????? ??RNAi????? ??RNAi??????????????? ??RNAi?????? ??RNA interference protocol ??siRNA?????? ??????RNA interference??RNAi?? ??siRNA Design ??How do you synthesize your dsRN ??RNA??????????????? ??RNAi???FLASH??? ??miRNA??siRNA????鷽??[???] ????С??????п??miRNA??鷽?? ??RNAi????pSIREN-DNR Vector ?????鶯??????н???RNA????:???????????siRNAЧ? ??RNAi????pSIREN-DNR Vector ??The Easiest Route to Guaranteed ??siRNAs???????о????????? ??siRNA Design ??The Easiest Route to Guaranteed ?????鶯??????н???RNA????:???????????siRNAЧ? ??MicroRNA and siRNA Cloning Protocol ???????????????RNAi??????????? ??siRNA??鷽????? ??????RNA interference??RNAi?? ?????鶯??????н???RNA????:???????????siRNAЧ? ??RNAi????pSIREN-DNR Vector ??siRNA Database and Design Tools ??RNAi??????????RNA??dsRNA????????? ??RNAi???FLASH??? ??RNAi??????????е???? ?????RNAi????????????RNA?????dsRNA)???? ??siRNA?????? ??RNAi??? ????APC??TSC??2 cDNA???5??RACE ???????????cDNA??????RACE???? ??Intracellular Cytokine Staining Protocol ??3'RACE PCR ??Intracellular Cytokine Staining Protocol ??3'RACE PCR ??5' RACE for EST Production ????(transfection)--?????????? ??micro RNA(miRNA) ??RNAi????????????? ??RNA??????? ??SNPs???????? ??Secondary structure of prion mRNA ??RNAase (10mg/ml) ??Northern Blot--northern??? ??RNA Isolation from Yeast ??Polymerase III in vitro Transcription ??In vitro transcription with yeast nuclear extract ??Simplified instructions for NOVEX NuPAGE Gels ??RNA Pol II Immobilized Template Assay ?????RNA???--Methods for Plant RNA Isolation ????????RNA--RNA EXTRACTION METHOD FOR COTTON ?????RNA?????--ISOLATION OF RNA FROM BACTEROIDS ??RNA Isolation from Yeast ??RNase Protection Assay ??RNase Protection Assay--RNA????? ??DIETHYL PYROCARBONATE (DEPC) TREATMENT OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS ??How to make DEPC-treated water and Tris Buffer ??SINGLE STEP PROKARYOTIC RNA ISOLATION ??Isolation of total RNA using CsCl/EtBr gradients--????????????RNA ??Total RNA extraction from Arabidopsis and tobacco--???????????RNA??? ??Acid Phenol Yeast RNA Prep ??Phenol Extraction of rRNA ?????????RNA???--RNA Isolation Protocol-Cultured Cell Samples ??TRIzol method for RNA isolation ??Preparation of total RNA from whole blood collected in PAXgene tubes ??Human FastTrack mRNA Isolation ??RNA Extraction--RNA??? ??RNA purification using TRizol--TRIZOL?????RNA ??Fractionation of Nuclear and Cytoplasmic RNA by Trizol--?????????????????RN ??Preparation of total cellular RNA--?????RNA???? ??Microscale Hot Borate RNA Extraction from Cotton Tissue--????????????????RNA ?????RNA???????? ??RNase Protection Assay--RNA????????? ??Protocol for the cloning of pSHAG-MAGIC2 shRNAs ??Design of shRNA inserts for pSHAG-1 ??A PCR-based strategy for cloning short hairpin sequences:??PCR SHAGging?? ??MicroRNA and siRNA Cloning Protocol ??96 Well Mating Protocol ?C platewise ??T7 siRNA protocol ??He Tube Mating with MSCV recipient ??The TRC shRNA Design Methods and Rules ??The pSico and pSicoR Design and Cloning ??Bacteria-mediated RNAi ??TaKaRa RNAiso Reagent ??cDNA??? ??siRNAs???????о????????? ??RNAi: Background Information ?????????RNA????? ??????????RNA?????????? ?????RNA????? ??RNA???????????????? ??E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol for Spotted Microarray ??Digoxigenin-UTP RNA labeling ??In vitro transcription ??In vitro transcription with yeast nuclear extract ??Natural History Museum Protocol for EST sequencing from lamb ??In Vitro Transcription Assay (Run-off Assay) using Permeabil ??In vitro transcription with yeast nuclear extract ??In vitro RNA synthesis from plasmid-borne sequences under th ??96-well RNA In Situ Hybridization Protocol ??ESTs from Phage Plaques ??Protocol for First-strand cDNA Synth ??cDNA Synthesis from MOLT-4 Cells ??In vitro transcription reaction ??in vitro Transcription ??Polymerase III in vitro Transcriptio ??Transcription of cRNA probe ??Run-On Transcription ??RNA purification --- Trizol ??RNA purification --- hot phenol ??CONCERT?????RNA??????? ??RNA???????cDNA??????????鷽??(3) ??S1 Nuclease Protection Assay ??RNA???????cDNA??????????鷽??(1) ??RNA???????cDNA??????????鷽??(2) ??S1 analysis of yeast mRNA using oligonucleotide probes ??Primer Extension analysis of total yeast RNA ??RNase Protection Assay ??Ribonuclease Protection Assay ??Ribonuclease Protection Assay ??????RNA?????鷽????protocol?? ????RNA????? ????????RNA?????????? ??????????---mRNA??????? ??mRNA????????? ??????RNAi?????????? ??siRNA Design ??RNA??????????????? ??siRNA protocols ??siRNA????????????? ??A novel approach for evaluating the efficiency of siRNAs on ??Rules of siRNA design for RNA interference ??RNAi?????????? ??Generate siRNA Populations with Dice ??PCR Amplification of DNA ??Polymerase Chain Reaction ??PCR???? PCR????????? ??PCR???????? ????PCR?????г??????????????? ???????PCR????е???? ??PCR????????Щ???? ??Calculating Concentrations for PCR ??Detection of Alu by PCR ??PCR???????????PCR??????????????? ??PCR?????????????????????DNA??PCR???? ????ν??????PCR?????? ??PCR???????????PCR?????????? ??PCR????????????? ??PCR??????????? ??PCR????????? ??PCR??ü??? ???????????????LUX™?????? ????PCR/RT-PCR??????? ????????????? ???????????? ??PCR????????11??????? ????????-actin ???????? ??PCR?????????? ???????????????? ??Real-time PCR review article (2000) ??Real-time PCR review article (2002) ??DNA/RNA Real-Time Quantitative PCR ??Basics of using Real-time PCR ??Realtime RT-PCR problem - no product-Real-Time PCR ??Protocol for Real-Time RT-PCR ??REAL TIME PCR WITH SYBR GREEN I ????PROTOCOL ??"Real-Time" or Kinetic PCR ??FAQs on Real-Time RT-PCR ??RT-PCR??鷽??????? ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??RT-PCR --- one-step ??Detecting DNA Contamination in RT-PC ??Avoiding DNA Contamination in RT-PCR ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??RT-PCR??鷽??????? ??????RT-PCR?????? ??????RT-PCR?????? ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??First Strand cDNA Synthesis ??????-???????????????鷽?? ??Quantitative RT-PCR ??RNase inhibitors and RNases ??What is the highest temperature ??RT-PCR Analysis ??Protocol for competitive RT-PCR ??RT-PCR procedures ??Reverse Transcriptase-PCR ??Reverse Transcriptase-PCR ??Reverse Ligation Mediated RT - ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??THE FOUNDATION OF SUCCESSFUL RT IN SITU PCR ??PCR and multiplex PCR guide ??Multiplex PCR ??Microdeletion screening ??PURIFICATION OF PCR PRODUCTS WITH SEPHAD ??Standard multiplex mixtures ??PEG PRECIPITATION OF PCR PRODUCTS ??Cloning PCR products using TA vectors ??Purification of PCR products ??Cleavage Efficiency Close to the&nbs ??Blunt end cloning of PCR produc ??Degenerate PCR ??Degenerate PCR Detailed guide ??Degenerate PCR-A Short Guide ??Degenerate Primers ??PCR????????? ??Long PCR Reagents and Guidelines(2) ??Long-PCR Reagents and Guidelines(3) ??Long-PCR Reagents and Guidelines(1) ??PT-PCR ??PCR?????????????PCR-SSCP??????? ??PCR????????????PCR???????SOE??SDL???? ??PCR?????????????PCR??????? ??????PCR ????????????????PCR?????? ????????????PCR??????? ??????????????? ??????PCR????????????? ??PCR????????????????PCR ??PCR??????????????PCR????cDNA???е????????? ??PCR????????壩??????????DNA???е?PCR???? ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) ??PCR?????????????PCR??????????? ??PCR??????鷽??????? ???????????????? ??PCR??????鷽???????? ??PCR??????鷽???????? ??PCR??????? ??PCR ??Designing PCR programs ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) cont ??PCR Technology ??PCR???????????(???? ??PCR??????鷽??????? ??PCR???????????(???? ??Taq?PCR??鷽?????? ??PCR???????????(??? ??Relative quantitation of gene expression ??Gene quantification calculations ?????????????PCR??????????????? ??PCR???????????PCR???????? ?????PCR????????? ??PCR??????鷽???????? ??CORE SAMPLE PCR ?????mRNA?????????????DDRT-PCR????????????????? ??PCR??????鷽?????壩 ??PCR????????壩??????????DNA???е?PCR???? ??PCR????????????Taq DNA???? ?????PCR??????? ??PCR????????Щ???? ??PCR????????????PCR?????????? ??PCR??????鷽?? ??PCR??????? ??PCR??????? ??????PCR???? ??PCR??????鷽???????? ??Designing PCR programs ?????PCR??????? ??PCR Technology ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) cont ??????PCR(Immuno-PCR)???????? ?????mRNA?????????????DDRT-PCR????????????????? ??SMART???? ???λ????????????in situ PCR?????λ???? ??????????????????????????? (PCR-SSCP) ? ??Gene quantification calculations ??Relative quantitation of gene expres ??PCR ??PCR????????Щ???? ??Single tube confirmation PCR protoco ??Site-directed Mutagenesis using PCR ??384-well PCR ??Disruption by Fusion PCR ??Colony PCR ??PCR??????????? ?????PCR??????? ?????PCR/??????PCR??????ü?? ??PCR???? PCR????????? ??PCR from Tissue ??Single Primer ("Semi-Random" P??PCR??RT??PCR??????????? ??pcr?????????????????PCR???????????о??е???? ??????????????PCR????鷽?? ??PCR??????????? ??PCR??????? ??PCR???? ??PCR??鼰???????? ??????PCR?????? ??Standard PCR Protocol ????????????????? ??PCR?????????? ????PCR??GC???м???????? ??PCR???????????????? ??PCR Protocol(per Adam 08/12/04) ??University of Chicago?? ??RT-PCR Protocol ??Colony PCR ????PCR??Upstate Medical University?? ??TAIL PCR Protocol ??Taq DNA???? ??Disruption by Fusion PCR??Upstate Medical University?? ??PCR?????????????? ??PCR??????? ??PCR????????? ??PCR??????????? ??Long PCR Reagents and Guidelines??????PCR?????????????? ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)??University of Texas at Austin?? ??Yeast Colony PCR ??PCR with expand Polymerase ??Protocol for Enhancing PCR of Very Difficult Regions ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??RT-PCR Analysis [Harvard University] ??M. hyopneumoniae PCR ??General PCR methods ??BEST" PCR ??PCR Amplification from Microbial Colonies ??????о????? ??PCR??????DNA?????е???? ?????PCR????????????? ?????????????HIV????о??е???? ??PCR????????????????о??е???? ??RT-PCR????HCV?е???? ??PCR???????е???? ??PCR??????????е???? ??PCR???????????????е???? ??RT-PCR???????????е???? ??????????DNA???е?PCR???? ??AluPCR:????????????? ??????????DNA????????з??? ?????????????????? ??TAIL PCR??????????? ??RAPD PCR Colony Miniprep ??TAIL PCR Protocol ??RNA???--RNA ISOLATION ??Real time PCR-ABI Prism 7000 ??Long-PCR Reagents and Guidelines ??????????cDNA?????PCR???? ??RT-PCR Analysis--?????RT-PCR???? ??Long PCR Reagents and Guidelines ??Degenerate PCR--??PCR ??Gene-specific RT-PCR ??RAPD PCR Colony Miniprep ??RT-PCR Protocol ??"BEST" PCR--????????????DNA??PCR???? ??Primary Amplification of Genomic DNA using DOP - PCR ??TAIL PCR Protocol--Tail-PCR?????鷽?? ??M. hyopneumoniae PCR ??????PCR????????????????? ??Colony PCR--????PCR ??Yeast Colony PCR--???????PCR ??Isolation of Retroelement from Plant Genomic DNA ??????PCR??鷽??--General PCR methods ??Expand High Fidelity PCR--?????PCR ??Protocol for Enhancing PCR of Very Difficult Regions ??Protocol for mRNA amplification--RT-PCR?????? ??Polymerase Chain Reaction--??????PCR ??Disruption by Fusion PCR ??PCR-SSCP???? ??Detection of Alu by PCR--PCR???????Alu??????? ??Multiplex PCR: Critical Parameters and Step-by-Step Protocol ??PCR????????? ??PCR??????????? ??Troubleshooting for PCR and multiplex PCR ??PCR?????????????? ??PCR??????С??????????? ??PCR????????? ??PCR ???????? ??PCR generalities??Components, PCR cycle, vials?? ??Reaction volume ??Choosing/designing PCR primers ??Multiplexing primer pairs ??Primer amount in PCR ??PCR buffers ??Salt (KCl) concentration ??Designing PCR programs ??PCR?????????????о???? ??PCR????д???????? ??PCR-SSCP???? ??Single Cell PCR ?????mRNA?????????????DDRT-PCR????????????????? ??Bisulfite Treatment of DNA ??Bisulfite Conversion Based PCR ??Methylation-Specific PCR ??Methylated CpG Island Amplification ??Inverse PCR & Cycle Sequencing ??Inverse PCR for PAC-end sequencing ??Inverse PCR ??In Situ RT-PCR ??Inverse PCR ??M-MLV?????cDNA????????-??????? ??contamination in real-time pcr negative control-Real-Tim ??RT-PCR: The Basics ??Invitrogen RT-PCR ????? ??RT-PCR??? ??Primer Dimer problems in real-time PCR-Real-Time PCR ??contamination in real-time pcr-Real-Time PCR ??Real-Time qRT-PCR standard curves... efficiency is too h ??Delta-delta Ct method and PCR efficiencies-Real-Time PCR ??Inconsistent results from replicates in Taqman real-time ?????RT-PCR??????????????? ??Avoiding DNA Contamination in RT-PCR ??RT-PCR???????? ??Rt-PCR??鲽?? ??Two Step REAL TIME RT-PCR PROTOCOL ??What causes two peaks in melting curve?-Real-Time PCR ??Melting Curve giving flutating Ct values-Real-Time PCR ??Which housekeeping genes for qRT-PCR control?-Real-Time ??Small amounts of RNA for qRT-PCR-Real-Time PCR ??Real-time PCR problems-Molecular Biology ?????????PCR[mRNA???????????] ??????PCR ??RT??PCR, Reversed Transcript PCR?? ??is cDNA concentration 200 ng/ul too high for qRT-PCR-Rea ??RT-PCR (Reverse transcription PCR) ??real time sybergreen concentration-Real-Time PCR ??real time PCR primers-Real-Time PCR ??real-time PCR-Molecular Biology ??Real Time PCR problem - different dilutions have the sam ??RT-PCR????????????????????? ????????RT-PCR???????????????WT1???? ??RT-PCR lab ??SMART??????? ??RT-PCR????HCV?е???? ??Protocol for Real-Time RT-PCR ??dissociation curve of real time pcr products-Real-Time P ??QRT-PCR result analysis-Real-Time PCR ??Real-Time or Kinetic PCR ??Quantification of PCR using delta-delta Ct method.-Molec ??RT-PCR??????????????? ??mRNA??????????[DDRT-PCR] ???λ?????????????λ????????????????????? ??RT-PCR??鷽????? ??FAQs on Real-Time RT-PCR ??PCR??RT-PCR???? ??DNA/RNA Real-Time Quantitative PCR ??Real Time PCR Primer Sets ??Basics of using Real-time PCR ?????????PCR ??Real time PCR-ABI Prism 7000[MIT] ??What causes two peaks in melting curve?-Real-Time PCR ??Inconsistent results from replicates in Taqman real-time ??Small amounts of RNA for qRT-PCR-Real-Time PCR ??Melting Curve giving flutating Ct values-Real-Time PCR ??Real-time PCR problems-Molecular Biology ??Which housekeeping genes for qRT-PCR control?-Real-Time ??????PCR???? ??????????PCR ??????PCR??????? ????????????DNA??????DNA????????????? ??Real Time PCR problem - different dilutions have the sam ??is cDNA concentration 200 ng/ul too high for qRT-PCR-Rea ??real time PCR primers-Real-Time PCR ??real-time PCR-Molecular Biology ??real time sybergreen concentration-Real-Time PCR ??TaqMan PCR???ABI-7700?????? ??Equipment And Reagents For Real-Time PCR ??real-time PCR ???????????? ??RT-PCR: The Basics ??Real-Time PCR ??Traditional PCR??? ????????PCR??????? ??Realtime RT-PCR problem - no product-Real-Time PCR ??Real-time PCR?????????? ??dissociation curve of real time pcr products-Real-Time P ??REAL TIME PCR WITH SYBR GREEN I ????PROTOCOL ??Quantification of PCR using delta-delta Ct method.-Molec ??Protocol for Real-Time RT-PCR ??QRT-PCR result analysis-Real-Time PCR ??FAQs on Real-Time RT-PCR ??Basics of using Real-time PCR ??Real-Time or Kinetic PCR ??DNA/RNA Real-Time Quantitative PCR ?????????PCR ??Real Time PCR Primer Sets ??contamination in real-time pcr negative control-Real-Tim ??contamination in real-time pcr-Real-Time PCR ??Real-Time qRT-PCR standard curves... efficiency is too h ??Primer Dimer problems in real-time PCR-Real-Time PCR ??Delta-delta Ct method and PCR efficiencies-Real-Time PCR ??PCR???????????????е???? ??PCR??????????A???? ??PCR????????????????е???? ??÷?????????????????? ??A????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??PCR??DMS/BMD????????е???? ????????????DNA??PCR???? ??????????????????????? ??PCR?????COX??????????? ????PCR????CDNA???е????????? ??????DNA??RNA???????????? ?????????????????????DNA????? ???????????????????DNA?????????? ????????? ??????DNA????? ??DNA Extraction from Paraffin Section ??Phenol/Chloroform Precipitation of DNA ??Silica Clean-up of DNA ??MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ISOLATION ??Genomic DNA extraction ??Streamlined DNA Extraction Protocol ??Plant Total DNA Isolation ??Genomic DNA Extraction for Mapping ??MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ISOLATION ??DNA?????? ??Self-circularization of Linear DNA ??DNA????????г???????(??? ??DNA????????1 DNA Ligation ??DNA????????2 DNA Ligation ??Removal of excess linkers_adapters ??Linker Ligation ??Cohesive End Ligation ??Standard Ligation ??DNA Sequential Digestion ??Thermal Inactivation ??Preparation of blunt-end DNA fragmen ??DNA???????????????????? ??DNA??? ??Partial Endonuclease Digestion ??DNA Partial Digestion ??Restriction Enzyme Digestion of DNA ??Restriction Enzyme Buffer ??Restriction Digest ??Restriction Digestion of DNA ??Restriction digestion ???????????? ??Restriction Digests of Genomic DNA ?????DNA????п????? ??DNA????????г??????? ???????????? ??Protocols for ET recombination. ??Protocols for ET recombination. ??PCR from bacterial colonies ??PCR?????? ??TOPO TA Cloning ??Construction of homemade 'T-vectors&# ??TA Cloning ??T/A Cloning ????????????? ??????????????????? ??PCR?????? ??TA Cloning ??24h Subcloning Protocol ??Easy Subcloning ??CLONING FROM LOW MELT AGAROSE ??Random subclone generation ??PJB??s hints for sub-cloning ??Clone Genes From a Phage Librar ??Subtractive Cloning ??Lance's Subcloning procedures ??TA???????????????????????? ??DNA???в????? ??DNA?????? ????????鷽??10: ?????? ??NO "WEDGE" Sequencing Gels ??Methods for DNA sequencing ??DNA Sequencing ??Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing ??Preparation of G+A Marker ??Chemical Sequencing of DNA ??DNA Sequencing ??DNA SEQUENCING REACTIONS ?????????λ?????DNA???в????? ??Template Preparation ????η???DNA?????? ??DNA Sequencing Gels ??PREPARATION OF SEQUENCING GELS ??Erase-a-Base® System ??Recommended Storage Conditions ??UV Shadowing ??Protocol for Annealing Oligonucleotides ??Oligo - Storage and Handling ??Protocol for Annealing Oligonucleotides ??Oligonucleotide purification ??Method for Single-Cell Electroporation ??CaPO4 Transfection for Chromaffin Ce ??Transient transfection into 293T cel ???????????????? ???紩??????????????????е???? ??????紩??????? ?????????????????????? ??Transient Transfection of Cos-1 Cell ??Stable Transfection ??Calcium Phosphate Transfection ??Calcium Chloride Transfection ??CAT ASSAY[TLC METHOD] ??CAT ASSAY (liquid phase) ??CAT Assay ??b-Galactosidase Activity Assay ??Chemical transformation ??Method for Single-Cell Electroporation ??Large-scale yeast transformation ??pGL3 Luciferase Reporter Vectors ??TRANSFORMATION (ONE-STEP PEG METHOD) ??Transformation of Competent Cells ??Transformation of E. coli ??Bacterial Colony PCR ????Ч???????????? ?????DNA????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??Recipe for yeast tryptone medium ??FROZEN COMPETENT E. COLI CELLS ??Cool growth competent E . coli ??How to Make Competent Cells ??Electroporation of P. aeruginosa ??Stable Transfection (Electroporation) ??Screening of recombinants ?????????????????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??DNA Plasmid Maxiprep Protocol ??CsCl Prep of Plasmid DNA ??Extrachromosomal elements, plasmids, sele ??Quick DNA Plasmid Prep ??Plasmid Quickpreps ??Preparing Overnight Bacterial Culture ??Quick DNA Plasmid Prep. ??Diatomaceous Earth-based Midi-prep ??Plasmid DNA minipreps ??Plasmid DNA Isolation from Bacteria ??PEG Preparation of Plasmid DNA ??MINI PREP BY BOILING ??DNA Plasmid Prep. ??Boiling lysis mini-prep ??Mini-prep ??DNA Plasmid Miniprep Protocol ??Isolating DNA Fragments ??DNA Fragment Purification ??Recovering DNA from agarose gels ??Oligonucleotide Purification ??MinElute DNA???????? ??DNA Purification and Precipitation ??Sephadex G-50 spun column purificati ??Improved Alcohol Precipitation of DN ??Ethanol Precipitation of DNA ??NH4Ac and EtOH precipitation of ??Dialysis (using dialysis tubing) ??Ethanol Precipitation of DNA ??DNA Precipitation ??DNA Purification from Gels ??DNA Purification from Agarose Gels ??Gene-Kleen protocol ???????????????(SSH)??--???????????? ??Deproteination using phenol/chloroform ????????鷽??1:????DNA?????????????? ??????????????DNA?????????? ??DNA From Whole Blood for PCR ??DNA extraction and precipitation ??DNA Extraction ??DNA Extraction Methods ??DNA Extraction from Cheek Cells ??DNA Extraction from Ancient Tissue ??DNA Preparation from Fresh_Frozen Ti ??DNA Preparation from Fresh_Frozen Ti ??DNA Preparation from Cell Lines ??DNA Preparation from Adherent Cells ??Phenol/chloroform Extraction of DNA ??DNA from Tail Biopsies ??Genomic DNA Quickprep for PCR ??ES CELL DNA EXTRACTION: TUBE ME ??BUCCAL CELL DNA PREPS ??DNA Preparation from Blood ??CTAB TECHNIQUE / Method / Schedule / Protocol (JPB) FOR DNA ??DNA and RNA EXTRACTIONS ??DNA Extraction Protocols Using Silic ??Quantification and Quality ??DNA fingerprinting ??DNA fingerprinting - agarose gel ??AFLP Protocol ??Gel Shift (EMSA) Protocol ??EMSA using ds Oligonucleotides ??FOOTPRINTING WITH DNASE1 ??GELSHIFT--????λ?? ??RFLP??RAPD???????????????? ??Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay(EMSA) ??Screening lambda cDNA or genomic libraries ??SCREENING A LAMBDA BACTERIOPHAGE GENOMIC LIBRARY WITH A DNA PROBE ??IMMUNOSCREENING OF LAMBDA-GT11 BACTERIOPHAGE LIBRARIES WITH ANTIBODY PROBES ??BENTON DAVIS BLOTS ??BAC DNA Isolation with AutoGen 740 ??cDNA Production ??????BAC???--Construction of BAC Library ??free shotgun sequencing library from miniprep BAC DNA ??Overgo Probing of High-Density Filters ??BAC End-Sequencing ??BAC DNA Isolation from 200 ml Cultures by a Cleared Lysate Method ?????BAC DNA Isolation ??Growing up of BAC clones ??Cosmid Library ??Sequencing of BAC DNA--BAC DNA???? ??Preparation of BAC DNA with by Alkaline Prep Method ?????BAC??DNA ??Shotgun Library ??????????? ??Labeling oligonucleotides with 32P ATP ??Oligonucleotide Purification ??Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay--?????????? ??Filter Binding Assay for EBNA-1 ??Filter binding assay??顢???????? ??DnaseI Footprinting ??????о????? ??????????? ??????????????DNA?????????? ??CGH Protocols ??Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) ??Nick Translation of DNA for CGH ??Nick Translation for CGH ??Metaphase chromosome preparation ??RFLP??RAPD???? ??DNA fingerprinting ??FINGERPRINTING PROTOCOL (AGAROSE GEL) ??HIGH RESOLUTION GENETIC FOOTPRINTING ??RLGS protocol ??Microsatellite Isolation ??Chemilumine scent AFLP ?????????????????????????????Whole-Genome and& ????з?????? ????????似???????????????????? ??Preparation of Nested Deletions ??QuikChange (Stratagene) ??Mutagenesis by PCR ??EXO/S1 DELETION SERIES ??DpnI mediated site-directed Mutagenesis ??Erase-a-Base® System ??Creating a deletion by PCR spli ??In vitro site-specific mutagenesis ??Pyrosequencing DNA?????????????????о??????? ??DNA methylation ??Methylated CpG Island Amplification ??Methylation-Specific PCR ??Bisulfite Treatment of DNA ??DNA-Methyltransferase Assay ??Bisulfite Modification of DNA ??Footprinting Analysis ??Footprinting ??Preparation of G+A Marker ??DNaseI Footprintint ??DNase I Footprinting ??Footprinting ??EMSA using ds Oligonucleotides ??Gel Shift Assay Systems ??BAND-SHIFT ??Super Shift Analysis ??Gel Mobility Shift Analysis ??RFLP??????? ??Promoter analysis by saturation muta ??In Vivo Footprinting ??CIP Treatment ??DEPHOSPHORYLATION OF LINEARIZED DNA ??De-phosphorylation of DNA ??Phosphatase treatment of DNA fragmen ??Random Primer DNA Labeling ??Random Primer DNA labeling ??Spin Column chromatography ??Labeling oligonucleotides with 32P A ??Kinase end-labeling of DNA ??Fill-in Labeling of DNA Fragments ??Oligonucleotide Purification ??DNA labeling by nick translation ??Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ??Genomic DNA Labeling Protocol ??Oligonucleotide Visualization ??UV Quantitation of DNA ??Removal of 32P-ATP from Oligonucleoi ??ROX Standard ??General Design Guidelines ??PCR??????????????? ??Perlegen Assay Design Protocol ??Genotyping using Affymetrix arrays ??Genotyping Assay Design for Single Base Extention and FP-TDI Detection ??Design of the Invader Genotyping Assay ??HapMap assay-design protocols ??Assay Design for MIP Genotyping ?????????????????????弼?? ???????????? ??????????弼?? ??????????о???? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??PCR?????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ??????????(PCR)???????????????? ?????/????/??????ó?????Ч???????? ???????èD?D?????????????????? ???????????????????????????2?????????Ｐ????о?????????? ??????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????? ?????о???????????????????????????? ??PCR??????? ?????????????????????????---CopyControl??????? ????????????? ??125I??????????弼?? ??PCR/RT-PCR???---PCR??????(10) ??????????????? ??????????funetional cloning?? ?????????????????? ??????????壨monoclonal antibody?? ?????????? ????????????λ??????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????弼?????????? ?????????????????? ??????????弼????????? ??????????弼????? ???????????????Molecular Cloning 3?? ?????????????????????弼?? ????????????????????? ??????????壨McAb?????????????忹????????? ??????????弼?? ???????????????????????? ??????????弼?????????? ???????????????? ????????????(PCR)???????????????? ????Ч?????????С????е???????? ???????????(McAb)???????????? ?????й?????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????壨McAb?????????????忹????????? ??????????弼??-???????? ??????????弼??-????????? ??????????弼??-???? ?????????????-??鷽?? ??????DNA??????????????????? ?????????????-??鷽?? ?????????????н?????????ε??? ??????????弼????????????????? ?????????? ??????????弼????????????????? ?????λ???????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????弼???????????? ??PCR???????????PCR?????????? ???????????ü??? ??????????弼?????????????????? ??????????? ??????????弼??-????????? ??????????弼??????? ??????????弼????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ????????????? ??RFLP??RAPD???? ??RFLP??RAPD???????????????? ??Science???????-2007??01??12?? ??Yeast boiling DNA miniprep ??LiAc/SS-DNA/PEG TRANSFORMATION ??Salmon Sperm DNA (10mg/ml) ??SDS-PAGE--??????????? ??ISOLATION OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT YEAST DNA ??Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ??DNA FRAGMENT PURIFICATION W/ GLASS WOOL ??DNA Recovery With Low Melt Agarose ??DNA SEQUENCING (SANGER) ??Plasmid Sequencing ??Single Strand DNA Prep. for Sequencing ??PREPARATION OF PLASMID DNA FOR SEQUENCING ??DNA sequencing (dye terminator) ??Chemical Sequencing of DNA ??SEQUENCING GELS ??RADIOLABELING OF PROBES FOR ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY SHIFT ASSAYS ??western blotting???Щ??????? ????????????????????÷??? ??Small Scale GSTTag Purification Under Nature Conditions ??lution of GSTFusion Protein from Glutathione Agarose ??GST????????????? Purification of GST Fused Proteins ??Purification of GSTfusion protein ?????GST??????????? GST Fusion Protein Purification from Yeast ??Purification Scheme for Ubiquitin Expression Lysate ??GSP?????????? GST Fusion Protein Prep ??Protein Purification ??Affinity chromatography (with HIStagged proteins) ??Protein Dialysis ??PROTEASE INHIBITORS ???????????????? Protease Inhibitors ??Preparation of Brain Cytosol ??Homemade Taq Polymerase Purification ??troponin??????? Protein purification: troponins ??ICAM1???? Purification of ICAM1 ??Protein purification: skeletal muscle myosin ??Protein purification: tropomyosin ??CD2????? Purification of CD2 ??Protein purification; actin ??Purification of Ncd Motor Domain Protein ??Purification of KHC Motor Domain Protein ??Purification of Kar3 Motor Domain Protein ??Native purification of Histagged Proteins from Sf9 cells ??Small scale HisTag fusion protein purification under denaturative conditions ??Purification of Histagged TfR ??Purification of Histagged proteins ??Purification of Histagged protein ??Histag protein purification using NiNTA magnetic beads ???????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????鵰?????????????? ???????????????????????о???? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????(Layeranalise technique) ????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??Tips for acid elution of peptides ??PIPLC Purification ??Preparation of Dialysis Tubing ??Cold Immunoprecipitations ??Preparation of Modifed Radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) Buffer ??Immunoprecipitation of metabolically labeled cells ??Immunoprecipitation and Immune Complex kinase assayaccording to Tamara Hurley ??Glycolipid Binding Assay ??COIMMUNOPRECIPITATION ANALYSIS OF PROTEINPROTEIN INTERACTIONS ??General Principles of Immunoprecipitation ??Antibody Precipitation with Protein A or G ??ANALYSIS OF PROTEINS BY IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ??Metabolic labeling & Immunoprecipitation ??Immunoprecipitation of Proteins ??Immunoprecipitation ??WESTERN PROTOCOL ??Western Blot Protocols ??Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot ??Troubleshooting Tips for Western Immunoblotting ??Western Blotting ??Western Immunoblotting of Proteins ??Too many bands on a Western blot ??Stripping Western Membranes ??Western Blotting Using the SemiPhor SemiDry Transfer Unit ??Far Western Protocol ??FarWestern Blotting ??Western Blotting with Monoclonal Antibodies ??western blotting??????? ??Western Blotting with Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugates ??Western Blotting with Biotinylated Antibodies ??Western Blotting with Alkaline Phosphatase Conjugates ??WESTERN BLOTTING USING CHEMILUMINESCENCE ??Western Blot ??Western Blots ??Cell Lysates For Western Blotting ??Yeast Nuclear Extract (Small Scale) ??Large scale nuclear extract preparation ??rat liver cytosol preperation ??Preparation of Affinity Column ??DEAE column: FPLC ??DEAE Column ??Whole Cell Extracts Preparation ??Preparation of Protein Extracts for 2D Gel Analysis ??Sonication of Bacteria ??Solubilization and renaturation of proteins from inclusion bodies ??Preparation of cell lysates from yeast using glass beads vortexing ??Preparation of cell lysates from yeast using a French Press ??Preparation of cell lysates from yeast by enzymatic digestion of the cell wall ??Preparation of cell lysates from E. coli using a French Press ??Preparation of cell lysates from E. coli by sonication ??Preparation of cell lysates from E. coli by enzymatic lysis ??Preparation of Cell Lysate ??Bacterial Protein Extraction mini scale Sonication ??Bacterial Protein Extraction (miniscale) Using BPer ??????????????????? ????????????? ??Sucrose Density Gradient Fractionation of Yeast Membranes ??Cajal Body Isolation Protocol ??Chromatin Isolation by smallscale biochemical Fractionation ??Nucleolar Isolation Protocol ??Preparation of Brain Membrane Fractions for Western Blot Analysis ??PURIFICATION OF FCRN MUTANTS ON THE 1G3 COLUMN ??Preparation of Tonsil Lysate ??Protein Purification: Assays, Specific Activity, Initial Fractionation ??Analysis of total E. coli protein by SDS PAGE ??Preparation of active proteins from inclusion bodies. ??Isolation of Protein from Tissue ??Nuclear Extract Preparation ??TCA protein precipitation ??Protein Precipitation Protocols ??Preparation of Nuclear Extracts for Gel Shifts and Westerns Blots ???????????о??? ??Preparation of nuclear extract and cytoplasmic extract ?????????鼼?????о???? ????????????о?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????о??е???? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????о????????????Ettan DIGE???????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????FAQ ?????????????????? ??2D????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????????鷽???????????????? ??Twohybrid analysis of genetic regulatory networks ??Urea Lysis Protocol ??Sample preparation (analytical gels) ??Protocol for Protein Extraction for proteomics ??Silver Staining Protocol ??peptide fingerprint mapping ??Quick Shotgun Cloning of Phage Inserts ??PJB??s hints for subcloning ??Subtractive Cloning ??Clone Genes From a Phage Library ??Lances Subcloning procedures ??Bacterial Colony PCR ??Transformation of E. coli ??Transformation of Competent Cells ??TRANSFORMATION (ONESTEP PEG METHOD) ??pGL3 Luciferase Reporter Vectors ??Largescale yeast transformation ??The magic E. coli transformation protocol ??Long Term Storage of Transformed E.coli ??Chemical transformation ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????DNA????????????????? ????Ч???????????? ??Recipe for yeast tryptone medium ??Competent cells, calcium chloride method, E. coli, description ??Rubidium Chloride method for Transformation Competent E. coli ??Transformation UltraCompetent E. coli ??FROZEN COMPETENT E. COLI CELLS ??Cool growth competent E . coli ??How to Make Competent Cells ??Preparation of Electrocompetent Cells and Electroporation of E. coli ??Preparation of Electrocompetent Cells and Electroporation of Plasmid DNA ??Electroporation of P. aeruginosa ??Stable Transfection (Electroporation) ??Transformation of E. coli by Electroporation ??Standard Ligation ??Selfcircularization of Linear DNA ??Protocol for Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) Precipitation ??Removal of Unincorporated dNTPs by Spin Columns ??Incorporation of DigoxigenindUTP into DNA Using Random Priming ??Random Primer DNA labeling ??DNA probes are prepared using a modification of the method of Feinberg and Vogel ??Spin Column chromatography ??Checking the Activity of Incorporated DigoxigenindUTP ??RADIOLABELING OF PROBES FOR ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY SHIFT ASSAYS ??Labeling oligonucleotides with 32P ATP ??Kinase endlabeling of DNA ??Fillin Labeling of DNA Fragments ??Genomic DNA Labeling Protocol ??Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ?????DNA????п????? ??DNA labeling by nick translation ??Incorporation of DigoxigenindUTP into DNA Using Nick Translation ??DNA??? ??DNA???????????????????? ??Preparation of bluntend DNA fragments ??Thermal Inactivation ??Restriction Digests of Genomic DNA ??DNA Sequential Digestion ??Restriction Enzyme Buffer ??Restriction Enzyme Digestion of DNA ??DNA Partial Digestion ??Restriction Digest ??Restriction Digestion of DNA ??Restriction digestion ??Partial Endonuclease Digestion ???????????? ??Protocols for ET recombination. ??Screening Colonies by Hybridization with Radiolabeled Probe ??Colony Cracking: Quick Test for Inserts in Plasmids ??PCR from bacterial colonies ??TA???????????????????????? ??PCR?????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ??T/A Cloning ??Construction of homemade Tvectors ??TOPO TA Cloning ??TA Cloning ??24h Subcloning Protocol ??Easy Subcloning ??Subcloning Tips very important heating step ??CLONING FROM LOW MELT AGAROSE ??Vector systems for cloning different sizes of DNA fragments ??Random subclone generation ??mRNA?????? ?????Km??????? ?????·????????RNA???? ??RNA??????? ??E.coli Total RNA Labeling Protocol for Spotted Microarray ??Reverse Transcription and aaUTP Labeling of RNA ??DigoxigeninUTP RNA labeling ??Phenol Extraction of rRNA (Rat liver) ??Sucrose Density Fractionation ??Spectrophotometric Analysis of rRNA ??Nucleotide Composition of RNA ??Orcinol Determination of RNA ??RNA Conversions ??mRNA Purification ??Membrane Bound Polysome Isolation ??PolyATtract® mRNA Isolation Systems ??Human Tumor mRNA Isolation ??Purification of poly(A)+ RNA from total RNA ??Concentrating poly(A)+ mRNA ??Methods to Remove DNA Contamination from RNA Samples ??DNase Treatment ??How to prepare Molecular Biology grade glycogen ??AgaroseFormaldehyde Electrophoresis ??RNA Electrophoresis ????????RNA?????????? ??????????mRNA?????鷽?? ??????????mRNA??????? ??mRNA????????? ??RNA???????cDNA??????????鷽?? ??RNA?????鷽?????? ????RNA????? ??????RNA?????鷽????protocol?? ??Isolation of total cellular RNA from brain tissue ??C.elegans TOTAL RNA PREP ??Isolation of RNA from Difficult Tissues ??Total RNA Isolation ??LiCl RNA Preparation (Ambros Lab) ??Increasing Your RNA Recovery During Tissue or Cell Extraction ??C. elegans RNA prep ??Acidguanidinium thiocyanatephenolchloroform RNA purification ??Arabidopsis RNA extraction protocol ??DROSOPHILA RNA PREP ??5 RACE for EST Production ??3RACE PCR ??Northern Blot??鷽?? ??RNA/Zeta Probe Dot Blotting protocol ??The Neverfail Northern Blot Hybridization ??Prehyb/hyb for Radioactive Probes ??Preparation of Poly A+ RNA and Northern Analysis ??Northern Blots ??Northern Blot ??Northerns ??Northern Blotting ??Northern Blot: Glyoxal/DMSO ??Northern Hybridization of RNA Fractionated by Agaroseformaldehyde Gel ??Nonradioactive Probes ??Transcription of cRNA probe ??RunOn Transcription ??Polymerase III in vitro Transcription ??In vitro transcription with yeast nuclear extract ??In vitro transcription reaction ??In Vitro Transcription Assay (Runoff Assay) using Permeabilized Cells ??in vitro Transcription ??Riboprobe® in vitro Transcription Systems ??In vitro RNA synthesis from plasmidborne sequences under the control of T phage ??ESTs from Phage Plaques ??96well RNA In Situ Hybridization Protocol ??Protocol for Firststrand cDNA Synthesis ??Natural History Museum Protocol for EST sequencing from lambda zap phage plaques ??Universal RiboClone® cDNA Synthesis System ??cDNA Synthesis from MOLT4 Cells ??Primer Extension analysis of total yeast RNA ??Primer Extension System AMV Reverse Transcriptase ??S1 Nuclease Protection Assay ??S1 analysis of yeast mRNA using oligonucleotide probes ??Ribonuclease Protection Assay ??RNase Protection Assay ??siRNA Database and Design Tools ??The Easiest Route to Guaranteed Silencing ??siRNAs???????о????????? ??Isolate It All??siRNA • miRNA • Total RNA • Native Protein ??Generate siRNA Populations with Dicer ?????RNAi????????????? ??RNA interference protocol ??What is your Protocol for RNAi on Cell Cultures? ??How do you synthesize your dsRNA? ??siRNA?????? ??siRNA Design ??Rules of siRNA design for RNA interference (RNAi) ??????RNA interference??RNAi?? ??RNAi??????????????? ??RNAi?????? ??RNAi????? ??siRNA????????????? ??siRNA???????? ??siRNA?????? ??RNAi????pSIRENDNR Vector ??miRNA??siRNA????鷽??[???] ????С??????п??miRNA??鷽?? ??siRNA?????? ?????RNAi????????????RNA?????dsRNA)???? ??RNAi??????????RNA??dsRNA????????? ??siRNA??鷽????? ??RNAi?????siRNAs????? ?????鶯??????н???RNA????:???????????siRNAЧ? ???????????????RNAi??????????? ??RNA??????????????? ??MicroRNA and siRNA Cloning Protocol ??RNAi???FLASH??? ??RNA????????? ??RNA?????е??????? ??Injection DNA Preparation ??Preparation of solutions and equipment for isolation of RNA (Practical ??Water Treatment with DEPC and other material treatment ??Practical Tips for Handling RNA ??Water Treatment with DEPC ??The Basics: RNase Control ??Solublization of RNA in Formamide ??A Detailed Procedure for RNase Activity Staining on SDSPAGE ??Decontamination and inhibition of ribonucleases ??How to Maintain an RNasefree Lab ??SOUTHERN BLOT????? ????з??????? ????????????? ??????????DNA????? ??????pbgalBasic??? ??????pbgalControl??? ??pEGFPN2??????????? ??????pLPEGFPC1??? ??pEGFPN1??????????? ??pEGFPC2??????????? ??pEGFPC1??????????? ??Southern??? ???????????????????λ????黯???? ??RAPD??????? ??Preparation of nucleic acid probes ??Nucleic acid hybridization assays using cloned DNA probes to screen uncloned nuc ??Principles of nucleic acid hybridization ??Nucleic acid hybridization assays using cloned target DNA, and microarray hybrid ??Band Shift Assay ??Promoter analysis by saturation mutagenesis ??RFLP??????? ??Gel Mobility Shift Analysis ??LigationMediated PCR for Genomic Sequencing & Footprinting ??Super Shift Analysis ??Genomic DNA Isolation for In Vivo Footprinting ??Footprinting Analysis ??DNaseI Footprintint ??Footprinting ??DNase I Footprinting ??Preparation of EndLabeled DNA Probes by Conventional Kinase for DNA Footprinting ??In Vivo Footprinting ??Introduction to the EMSA (Gel Shift) Technique ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay Conditions Mg/EDTA in Gel and Buffer ??Gel Shift Assay Systems ??EMSA using ds Oligonucleotides ??BANDSHIFT ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay for transcription factor binding ??Phosphatase treatment of DNA fragments ??Dephosphorylation of DNA ??Phosphatasing with Shrimp Alkaline Phosphatase (S.A.P.) ??DEPHOSPHORYLATION OF LINEARIZED DNA ??CIP Treatment ??DNA?????? ??DNA????????1 DNA Ligation ??DNA????????г???????(??? ??DNA????????2 DNA Ligation ??Addition of linkers_adaptors to bluntend DNA fragments ??Removal of excess linkers_adapters ??Linker Ligation ??Cohesive End Ligation ??DNA extraction and precipitation ??DNA Preparation from Lymphoblastoid Cells ??Extraction of genomic DNA from whole blood ??DNA From Whole Blood for PCR ??DNA Extraction ??Rapid Method for Preparation of Genomic DNA from P. aeruginosa ??Preparation of Sonicated Salmon Sperm DNA ??DNA Extraction Methods ??Chromosomal DNA Extraction from Grampositive Bacteria ??TritonPrep Method for bacterial DNA Purification ??How to Extract DNA from Anything Living ??Preparation of Genomic DNA from Bacteria using Phase Lock GelTM ??DNA Extraction from Cheek Cells ??DNA EXTRACTION FROM MICRODISSECTED PARAFFIN SECTIONS ??PROTOCOL TO EXTRACT DNA FROM PARAFFIN BLOCKS ??DNA Extraction from Archival Formalinfixed, Paraffinembedded Tissue Sections ??DNA Preparation from Fresh_Frozen Tissue ??DNA Extraction from Ancient Tissue ??DNA Preparation from Cell Lines ??DNA Preparation from Adherent Cells ??Tail Preps: DNA Isolation From Mouse Tails Without Phenol ??Preparation of Mouse Tail DNA for Dot Blots or PCR ??DNA from Tail Biopsies ??Isolation of DNA from Mouse Tail Biopsies ??Simplified DNA Extraction from Cell or Tissue ??Phenol/chloroform Extraction of DNA ??Genomic DNA Quickprep for PCR ??DNA ISOLATION FROM PRIMARY TUMORS VIA CRYOSECTIONS ??ES CELL DNA EXTRACTION: TUBE METHOD ??BUCCAL CELL DNA PREPS ??DNA Preparation from Blood ??????DNA??RNA???????????? ???????????????????DNA?????????? ?????????????????????DNA????? ????????? ??????DNA????? ??Quantification and Quality ??Genomic DNA extraction ??DNA Extraction from Paraffin Sections ??DNA Extraction Protocols Using Silica ??DNA extraction using the sap extractor ??Phenol/Chloroform Precipitation of DNA ??Silica Cleanup of DNA ??MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ISOLATION ??Plant Total DNA Isolation ??Streamlined DNA Extraction Protocol ??Genomic DNA Extraction for Mapping ??CTAB TECHNIQUE / Method / Schedule / Protocol (JPB) FOR DNA ISOLATION / DNA EXTR ??DNA and RNA EXTRACTIONS ??A quick method to isolate plant genomic DNA. ??Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) Plant DNA Extraction ??A rapid alkaline extraction method for the isolation of plasmid ??Diatomaceous Earthbased Midiprep ??Extrachromosomal elements, plasmids, selectable markers ??Quick DNA Plasmid Prep ??Smash and Grab Recovery of Plasmids ??Quick DNA Plasmid Prep. ??Preparing Overnight Bacterial Culture ??Plasmid Quickpreps ??Plasmid preparation without overnight culutre ??Diatomaceous Earthbased *and* nonDiatomaceous Earthbased Miniprep ??Plasmid DNA minipreps ??Plasmid DNA Isolation from Bacteria ??PEG Preparation of Plasmid DNA ??MINI PREP BY BOILING ??Purification of plasmid DNA (miniprep) with high yields using diatomaceous earth ??DNA Plasmid Prep. ??Boiling lysis miniprep ??Miniprep ??DNA Plasmid Miniprep Protocol ??Isolation Of Cosmid, Plasmid and P1 DNAs via Diatomaceous Earthbased Maxi, Midi ??Isolating DNA Fragments ??Phenolbased Method for the Isolation of DNA Fragments from LowMelting Temperatur ??Rapid elution of DNA from agarose gels ??DNA Fragment Purification ??Alternate Method for Purifying DNA from Agarose Gels ??Recovering DNA from agarose gels ??Oligonucleotide Purification ??Isolation of DNA from Acrylamide Gels ??Electroelution of nucleic acids from agarose and polyacrylamide gel slides. ??DNA Fragment Purification from Agarose or Acrylamide ??DNA extraction from Mutation Detection Enhancement (MDE) Gel Stained with Silver ???????????????(SSH)?????????????? ??MinElute DNA???????? ??DNA Purification and Precipitation ??Sephadex G50 spun column purification ??Preparation of linear polyacrylamide used as carrier in ethanol precipitation of ??Improved Alcohol Precipitation of DNA ??NH4Ac and EtOH precipitation of DNA ??Dialysis (using dialysis tubing) ??Deproteination using phenol/chloroform ??Ethanol Precipitation of DNA ??DNA Precipitation ??Electroelution of DNA from Agarose Gel ??Recovery of DNA from LMP (Low Melting Point) Agarose Gel ??An inexpensive alternative to glassmilk for DNA purification ??DNA Purification from Gels ??DNA Purification from Agarose Gels ??Isolation of DNA from Agarose Gels (Paper Slurry Method) ??GeneKleen protocol ??ISOLATION OF DNA FROM AGAROSE GELS WITH DEAE PAPER ??Recommended Storage Conditions ??Desalting Oligonucleotides by Gel Filtration ??Desalting Oligonucleotides by Ethanol Precipitation ??Desalting Oligonucleotides by Butanol Extraction ??Protocol for Annealing Oligonucleotides ??Oligo Storage and Handling ??Methods for DNA sequencing ??DNA???в????? ??NO WEDGE Sequencing Gels ?????????λ?????DNA???в????? ??DNA Sequencing Gels ??PREPARATION OF SEQUENCING GELS ????η???DNA?????? ??Template Preparation ??Preparation of DNA Template For Direct Sequencing of Large Insert PAC and BAC Pl ??Cycle Sequence Reactions For Large Insert Plasmid Templates ??Cycle Sequencing Protocol Using 33PRadiolabeled Terminators ??Cycle Sequencing Protocol Using 33PRadiolabeled dITP Terminators ??DNA SEQUENCING REACTIONS ??DNA Sequencing ??Chemical Sequencing of DNA ??Preparation of G+A Marker ??MaxamGilbert Sequencing ????????似???????????????????? ??Dut_ung in vitro Sitedirected Mutagenesis ??Targeted Amplification of Mutant Strand (TAMS) technology for site directed muta ??Altered Sites® II in vitro Mutagenesis Systems ??Site Directed Mutagenesis (Kunkel Method) ??Preparation of Nested Deletions ??QuikChange (Stratagene) ??Mutagenesis by PCR ??In vitro Mutagenesis with dut ung single stranded DNA ??EXO/S1 DELETION SERIES ??DpnI mediated sitedirected Mutagenesis ??EraseaBase® System ??In vitro sitespecific mutagenesis ??Creating a deletion by PCR splicing ??Generation of unidirectional nested deletions in plasmid DNA ??Pyrosequencing DNA?????????????????о????????? ??DNA methylation ??Methylation analyis using restriction enzyme digestion ??DNAMethyltransferase Assay ??In situ immunodetection of 5methylcytosine (5mC) on squashed cells using antimet ??Bisulfite Modification of DNA ??DNA Plasmid Maxiprep Protocol ??CsCl Prep of Plasmid DNA ??Large scale doublestranded DNA isolation ??Purification of Plasmid from 50 mlculture ?????????????? ??Screening of recombinants ??Transient transfection into 293T cells ??Selection of Transfected Suspension Cells ??Procedure for Transfection of Mammalian Cells ??CaPO4 Transfection for Chromaffin Cells ??Calcium Phosphate Transfection of Neurons in Primary Culture ???????????????? ???紩??????????????????е???? ??????紩??????? ?????????????????????? ??Transient Transfection of Cos1 Cells ??OUTLINE OF PROCEEDINGS USED IN TISSUE CULTURE TRANSFECTIONS ??Stable Transfection ??Generation of recombinant baculoviruses by cotransfection ??Calcium Phosphate Transfection ??Calcium Chloride Transfection ??Generating stable cell lines in HEK293 ??Establishment of Stable Transfectant of CHO Lec Cells ??CAT ASSAY[TLC METHOD] ??CAT ASSAY (liquid phase) ??CAT Enzyme Assay System With Reporter Lysis Buffer ??CAT Assay ????Galactosidase Enzyme Assay System with Reporter Lysis Buffer ??bGalactosidase Activity Assay ??Assay for ßgalactosidase in E. Coli ??Southern ??????? ??Method for SingleCell Electroporation ??Southern ????????? ??Southern Blotting onto NonCharged Membranes ??Removal of Probe for ReUse of Membranes ??Tail Chop Southern Protocol ??Hybridization and Detection of DigLabeled Probes ??Standard hybridization technique ??Southern Analysis ??Southern Hybridization Protocols ??Southern Blotting ??Analysis of Genomic DNA by Southern Hybridization ??Analys of Genomic DNA by Southern Hybridization (Southern Blot) ??Southern Blotting: DNA Transfer ??How should I prime my cDNA? ??UV Shadowing ??Oligonucleotide Visualization ??UV Quantitation of DNA ??How to Calculate the Melting Temperature of Oligonucleotides ??Removal of 32PATP from Oligonucleoides ??Oligo Concentration by Butanol Extraction ??Oligonucleotide Purification to Remove Trityl Group ??Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Oligonucleotides ??ROX Standard ??General Design Guidelines ??ELISA?г?????????????? ???????????飨gel diffusion test?? ?????ELISA???????? ??Protein G Purification of Antibodies ??Protein A Purification of Antibody ??????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??????????弼?? ????????????????? ???????γ??? ????????????????????? ??Purification of Antiserum or Ascites by Protein A/G Chromatography ??Purification of mAb (IgG) ??Coupling Antibodies to Protein A or G ??AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF ANTIFCRN ANTIBODIES ON THE FCRN COLUMN ??ANTIBODY PURIFICATION ON THE PROTEIN G COLUMN ??Antibody Purification ??AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF ANTIBODIES ??Purification of human mononuclear cells and neutrophils ??Phagocytosis ??peritoneal macrophage preparation ??macrophage dichloromethylene diphosphonate) ??Enrichment of PBMCs with monocytes ??erythrophagocytosis assay ??T and B cell Isolation ???????黯???????е???????? ???????黯???????д??????????????????? ???????黯???????????? ???????黯??????? ???????黯????????? ???????黯??????????????????????? ???????黯???????????????????? ?????????????黯?????? ??Histochemical assays for plant sections ??AntiHA Immunocytology ??Immunofluorescence ??Fluorochrome Absorption and Emission Spectra ??FLUORESCENT STAINING OF CELLS ??Labeling Muscle Actin with 5iodoacetamidofluorescein ??Double immunofluorescence staining for BCL6 and else. ??BrdU incorporation assay ??Antibody cleanup ??A semipermanent mounting medium for immunofluorescence microscopy ????????????濹?????CD????????(CD1CD247) ?????嶯??????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??Progesterone receptor_BrdU double Immunofluorescence ??Immunofluorescence of Cells ??General Immunofluorescence Protocol ??Vital Staining of Chromosomes with Hoechst 33258 ??Staining for total receptors ??STAINING NONFILAMENTOUS ACTIN WITH VITAMIND BINDING PROTEIN ??Staining for Surface Receptors ??Preparing a cell block from cell lines / cell suspensions. ??Preparation of cytospin from single cell suspension. ??Fluorescence Mounting Medium (Antifade) ??Largescale Immunocytology ??Immunofluroescence Technique ??Making Boiled Donkey (or whatever) Serum (BDS) for Blocking ??Yeast IF without Dehydration ??Yeast IF with Methanol/Acetone Dehydration ???????????????鼼?? ???????????????????е???? ??????????????????? ???????????????????Щ???? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????崿?? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????????? ??Immunofluorescence on ultrathin resin sections ??Silver Enhancement of Colloidal Gold ??Preparing Colloidal Gold for Electron Microscopy ??Immunocytochemistry: Common problems and some answers. ??Introduction to Immunocytochemistry ??Immunostaining of Cells Adherent to Coverslips ??Immunostaining Protocol ??Immunohistochemistry: Fluorescence Protocol 2.0 ??Immunocytochemistry ??IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PROLIFERATING CELLS IN VASCULAR TISSUE (ANT ??IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PROLIFERATING CELLS IN VASCULAR TISSUE (ANT ??Embedding in Resins for Immunocytochemistry ??Freeze Substitution ??Fixation with Glutaraldehyde ??FIXATION WITH FORMALDEHYDEACETONE ??PREPARATION OF ANTIBLEACHING MOUNTING MEDIUM ???λ????????????? ??serotec??????鷽?? ??Sandwich ELISA ??Sandwich ELISA Protocol ??ELISA ??ELISA????? ???????????????飨ELISA????????? ??ELISA??????????? ??ELISA???????? ??ELISA??????????????? ??ELISA???????????????? ??ELISA????䴙????????????? ?????ELISA????Ч??????????????????????? ??Peptide Inhibition ELISA Protocol ??Periodate Treatment of Fixed Cell Plates ??Live Cell ELISA Protocol ??Indirect ELISA ??Gangliosides ELISA protocol ??ELISA with Platelet ??ELISA Inhibition Assay ??ELISA (EnzymeLinked ImmunoadSorbent Assay) ??COMPETITION ELISA ??Cellular ELISA Protocol ??Competitive ELISA ??SANDWICH ELISA FOR DETECTING SECRETED ICAM1 ??GTP??Sinduced Inhibition of Binding ??CHAPS Insoluble Floating Fraction Preparation ??Ammonium Sulfate Binding Assay for Cells ??Needle Assay for Chemotaxis ??TransWell Chemotaxis ??????????? ??????????????????? ??General Fusion Protocol ??Fusion of Mouse, Rat, or Hamster Cell ??Recipies for Cell Fusion ??Protocol for Cell Fusion ??Fusion is an important procedure to produce monoclonal antibodies (MoAb). ??Tips and hints for the storage of antibodies ??Monoclonal Antibody Production ??Fusion and Cloning ??Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies ??The production of monoclonal antibody by hybridoma ??Biotinylation of Antibody ??Antibody Labeling ??Peroxidase Conjugation by Periodate Method ??Antibody Storage and Handling ??Conjugation of Antibody to HRP ??HRP?????????? ??125I??????????弼?? ???????????弼?? ?????????????????????弼?? ????????? ??DotIGSS?????????忹?? ????????????(Immune colloidal gold technique) ?????????????(Precipitation reaction technique) ??introduction to antibody ??Single Cell Cloning by Serial Dilution ??Monoclonal Antibody Screening by Direct ELISA ??Antigen Design & Sera Purification Tech Sheet ??Testing Rabbit Bleeds By Elisa ??Purification Of Anti Peptide Antibody ??Preparation Of PeptideKLH Conjugates For Immunization ??Making antibodies to synthetic peptides ??How Do I make an Antibody against a Peptides ??GSTfusion protein injection into rabbits ??Coupling Peptides To Resin For Affinity Purification ??Polyclonal Antibody Production ??Protocol for Limiting Dilutions ??Cloning by Limiting Dilution of Hybridoma ??Immunization Protocol for Monoclonal Antibody Production ??Culturing Worms ??Cleaning Worm Stocks ??Injection of C. elegans ??RNAisolation (TRIZOL method) ??Lineaging of C. elegans Embryos ??Lethal phase determination ??Integrating extrachromasomal arrays ??Growing worms in liquid ??Integrating extrachromasomal arrays into the C. elegans chromosomes ??Gene Knockout with Conventional Mutagens ??Freezing Worms ??Worm PCR ??low frequency table ??Worm genomic Southern blots ??N2 development times at different temperatures ??Synchronizing Worm Cultures ??snipSNP mapping with CB4856 polymorphisms ??Liquid culture of worms ??Single Worm PCR ??LIQUID CULTURE OF WORMS WITH FERMENTOR ??Making Dauers with dauer pheromone ??Generating males by heat shock ??Microinjecting worms ??Nematode Genomic DNA Isolation ??PCR on Worms ??EM Fixation of Embryos ??Worm Injections ??Fixation and permeabilization protocol 5/30/91 Mike Finney ??Fixation and Staining Parameters ??EMS mutagenesis ??Dye Filling to Stain Amphid and Phasmid Neurons ??Double dye filling (using DiO and di4 ANEPPS) ??RUVKUN Antibody Staining Protocol revised 10/29/90 ??C. elegans whole mount immunohistochemistry with Bouins Fixative ??DAPI Staining ??Antibody Staining of Dissected Gonads ??Yale RNA prep ??Joes mRNA prep ??Genomic DNA prep ??Embryo Buffers ??Staining C. elegans for ßgalactosidase ??Phalloidin Staining worms ??PAR1 Staining Procedure ??Sos Protocol ??FreezeCrack P granule Staining Protocol ??Nematode dye filling ??MMS integration ??CONVENTIONAL TWO STEP FIXATION [See D.H. Hall, 1995] ??FREEZECRACK bGALACTOSIDASE STAINING PROTOCOL ??Wholemount in situ hybridization for the detection of RNA in C. elegans embryos ??Gentle hypochlorite treatment ??Gonad Fixation ??Gonad Dissections ??Competent agro prep for electroporation ??Cell Suspension Culture of Arabidopsis ??Pollen Development in Anthers of Arabidopsis ??Oocyte isolation, maturation, enucleation and fractionation ??Oocyte transfer: Introduction ??oocyte isolation ??BLOCKiT RNAi Designer ??Rare Codons Search ??Sequence Cleaner (Nucleic Acid and Protein) ??PROTCALC Input Form ??SixFrame Translation ??TRANSLATOR Input Form ??Complementor ??CpGPlot/CpGReport/Isochore ??WWW Promoter Scan ??Sequence Utilities ??CpG Island Searcher ??Restriction enzyme digest of DNA ??WatCut: Cleave your DNA online, and create new cleavage sites in your oligos usi ??CUTTER Input Form ??PCR Box Titration Calculator ??Tm Determination ??PCR Optimization ??OLIGOCALC Input Form ??Oligo Calculator ??The PCR Suite ??MethPrimer Design Primers for Methylation PCRs ??Primer3 ??Real Time PCR Primer Sets ??PCR Primers For Gene Expression Detection or Quantification ??Rotor Calculations ??Speed of Rotation [krpm] to Relative Centrifuge Force [kg] ??Weight to Molar Quantity (for proteins) ??Weight to Molar Quantity (for nucleic acids) ??Radioactivity to Biological Amount of dNTPs ??Molar Quantity to Molar Concentration ??Nucleic and Amino Acids sequence tools ??DNA to Protein ??Capillary Electrophoresis Calculator ??Buffers for pH Control ??Buffer Calculator ??Spectrophotometric Measurement of Nucleic Acids Concentration ??Compound solutions ??HELPER PHAGE PREPARATION ??Singlestranded DNA preparation for sequencing ??Bacteriophage Plaque lifts ??M13 Phage ??Highthroughput preparation of M13 DNA ??Large scale M13RF isolation ??Singlestranded M13 DNA isolation using phenol ??ISOLATION OF SS DNA FROM BLUESCRIPT VECTORS USING HELPER PHAGE VCSM13 ??Preparation of Phage Lysates ??Lambda Phage DNA Quickprep ??Lambda DNA Preparation ??Phage DNA ??Preparing Lambda DNA ??Phage Titer ??Bacteriophage Preparation ??Preparation of phage particles from phage vectors ??RFLP??RAPD???? ??Metaphase chromosome preparation ??Nick Translation for CGH ??CGH of Biotin Labeled DNA vs Digoxigenin Labeled DNA ??Nick Translation of DNA for CGH ??CGH of DIRECT LABELED TEST DNA vs NORMAL DNA ??Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) ??CGH Protocols ?????????????????????????????WholeGenome and Custom FineTiling Array CGH?? ??Genetic variation in ABC transporter A1 contributes to HDL cholesterol in the ge ??Chemilumine scent AFLP ??PROTOCOLES MICROSATELLITES / MICROSATELLITE PROTOCOLS ??Microsatellite Isolation ??RLCS (Restriction Landmark cDNA Scanning) Protocol ??HIGH RESOLUTION GENETIC FOOTPRINTING ??DNA fingerprinting ??FINGERPRINTING PROTOCOL (AGAROSE GEL) ????????鷽??7: RFLP??RAPD???? ??DNA preparation from mouse tails ??AP Assay and FGF Binding ??Microinjection of fertilized oocytes to produce transgenic animals ??Mitotic chromosomes from mouse peripheral blood ??Gbanding for analysing mouse chromosomal rearrangements ??Embedding, sectioning and counterstaining of LacZ embryo ??Combined LacZ staining and in situ hybridization ??DETECTION OF ßGALACTOSIDASE AND ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITIES IN TISSUE ??Wholemount in situ hybridisation ??whole mount preparations ??Xgal staining of embryos ??Wholemount ImmunoflurescentWholemount Immunoflurescent ??Human Alkaline Phosphatase staining of transgenic embryo/tissue ??Preparation of Copy Standards for PCR Genotyping ??RNA Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization ??Tail DNA for PCR (No Organic Solvents) ??Mouse Tail (or organ) Biopsy DNA Extraction ??LacZcell Staining ??Genotyping Transgenic Rodents by PCR ???????С???????鷽????protocol) ??Electroporation into ES cells ??Blastocyst embryo transfer into pseudopregnant recipient female mouse ??Isolation of linearized plasmid DNA constructs for microinjection to produce tra ??Isolation of YAC DNA for microinjection to produce transgenic animals ??Isolation of linearized BAC DNA for microinjection to produce transgenic animals ??Isolation of genomic DNA from tail biopsies to check for transgenic founder anim ??Target Selection and Validation with Transgenic Targeting and In Vitro Embryonic ??Preparation of Transgene DNA for Microinjection ??DNA ultrapurification ??Microinjection DNA Purification ??Alkaline Lysis and CsCl Purification of BAC DNA for Transgenic Production. ??Sepharose 4BCL Chromatography BAC DNA Purification for Transgenic Production ??Purification of Gene Targeting Vector DNA for Electroporation ??Nucleobond Column BAC DNA Purification for Transgenic Mouse Production ??BAC DNA Purification for Transgenic Mouse Production??Microinjection Buffer ??Transgenic and Knockout Mice PROTOCOL ??Genomic DNA Miniprep ??Quick Yeast DNA Prep: Isolation of Total DNA (genomic and plasmid) ??Yeast Chromosomal DNA Prep ??Yeast Smash & Grab DNA Miniprep ??Rather Rapid Genomic Prep ??Plasmid isolation from yeast ??Yeast Genomic DNA Isolation ??DNA isolation from yeast ??Yeast Histone Prep ??Phenol/Freeze RNA Prep ??Yeast RNA Miniprep ??Pol III whole cell yeast extract (small scale) ??Rapid Yeast Protein Prep for SDS PAGE and Western ??Yeast mini whole cell extract using glass beads for western analysis ??Yeast Protein Isolation YaffeSchatz ??Sucrose Gradient Protocol ??Yeast Cell Lysates ??Whole Cell Extracts ??Preparation of Yeast Protein Extracts ??Yeast Prep for FACS ??High Efficency Yeast Plasmid Rescue ??Quick Preparation of Plasmid DNA from Yeast ??Yeast Miniprep ??Joel Hubermans DNA isolation procedure with modifications by Bonny Brewer ??Yeast Genomic DNA Prep ??Stratagene????????? ??The TRAFO Solutions ??YEAST TWOHYBRID SCREEN WITH LIBRARY AND BAIT ??EXAMINING THE FUNCTION OF PROTEINS AND PROTEIN NETWORKS WITH THE YEAST TWOHYBRID ??GST Fusion Protein Purification from Yeast ??GST Fusion Protein Prep ??Yeast Transformation (high efficiency) ??LiOAc YEAST TRANSFORMATIONa ??Yeast transformation using lithium acetate (rapid method) ??ElectroTransformation of Yeast ??Yeast Transformation Using Frozen Competent Cells and Singlestranded DNA as a Ca ??Yeast Transformation ??HIGH EFFICIENCY TRANSFORMATION ??SMALL Scale Transformation ??2 Hybrid System TRAFO Protocol ??Efficient Transformation of Yeast LiAc Method ??Typical transformation results ??Quick and Easy TRAFO Protocol ??Multiwell Transformation Protocol ??Frozen Yeast TRAFO Protocol ??PLATE Transformation ??High efficiency LiAc transformation ??Methods for use with the mTn3xHA/lacZmutagenized library ??mTn3xHA/GFP ??Betagalactosidase Reporter Gene Assay (Liquid Form) ??Methods for use with the mTn3xHA/GFPmutagenized library ??EMS Mutagenesis of Yeast ??Curing strains of endogenous 2micron plasmid ??Betagal Assay ??ß GAL Filter Assay ????????????????? ??Yeast Colony PCR ??Gene Disruption via PCR ??RhodaminePhalloidin/Calcofluor Staining ??Yeast Cell Cycle by Flow Cytometry ??Actin Capture Assay ??Vectorette PCR of Yeast DNA ??UV Mutagenesis ??Replication timing using transient hemimethylation ??Replication timing by density transfer ??Replication timing by comparative hybridization ??Mutagenizing a yeast gene with a minitransposon ??mTn3xHA/lacZ ??Quantitative Mating Assay ??mTnlacZ/LEU2 ??Methods for use with the mTnlacZ/LEU2mutagenized library ??mTn4xHA/lacZ ??Yeast Plates ??The YEAST MEDIA ??Solutions for Yeast Complete (YC) Media ??Solutions for Hartwells Complete (HC) Media ??Sporulation in Liquid Media ??YPD FILLED MICROTITER PLATES ??HC Dropout Plate ??Sporulation and Dissection of Yeast a/alpha Diploids ??Alternate Sporulation Method for BY4743 ??FEDEX Protocol ??Freezedown Guidelines ??Sporulation Method for BY4743.v1 ??Xgal Staining of Wholemount Drosophila Embryos ??ABC monoclonal antibody staining of dissected larval and adult CNS ??Dissection of Drosophila CNSs ??Staining using lipophilic fluorescent dyes ??Single and Double FISH protocols for Drosophila ??Labelling Drosophila pupae with BrdU ??A small repository of synaptic protein information ??Methods for storing the cells in liquid nitrogen ??SINGLEFLY DNA PREPS FOR PCR ??Routine methods for growing the cell lines ??Production of Conditioned Medium containing Wingless protein from S2 cells ??Hard Agar Medium for Egg Collection Plates ??Methods for the preparation of Fly Extract (FE1 and FE2). ??GENERAL MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS FOR IMAGINAL DISC CELL LINES ??Cuticle preparations ??Basic Methods of Culturing Drosophila ??How do you culture your Drosophila cells? ??Current Bloomington Recipe for Drosophila Medium ??Drosophila Media Recipes and Methods ??WHOLE MOUNT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION.Mouse Embryos. ??FREEZING WORM STOCKS ??Cleaning worms by floating on sucrose ??FreezeFracture for Immunofluorescence of Embryos ??Fermentor worm chow ??F2 Mutant Screen non clonal ??Mutagenesis of C. elegans ??Response to food assay ??Development of techniques for primary culture of C. elegans embryonic neurons ??Dauer Pheromone Prep ??A practical method for the preparation of total DNA from filamentous fungi ??Creation and Use of Infectious Virus Vector ??Small scale DNA preps for Neurospora crassa. ??Fast and reliable miniprep RNA extraction from Neurospora crassa ??A quick RNA miniprep for Neurospora mycelial cultures ??A novel method of growing fungi for DNA extraction ??An Ultrafast method of DNA extraction from Neurospora ??Fungal DNA Isolation ??A simple, rapid procedure for the isolation of DNA for PCR from Gibberella fujik ??A safe method of extracting DNA from Coccidioides immitis ??Transformation of Magnaporthe grisea to phosphinothricin resistance using the ba ??Fungal Genomic DNA Extraction ??Quick and reliable method to analyze meiotic segregation patterns in Coprinus ci ??Assessment of Magnaporthe grisea mating type by spore PCR ??Hints and precautions for the care, feeding and breeding of Neurospora ??The Fungal Genetics Stock Center Methods ??Preparation of Broth and Plates ??Preparation of Agar plates ??Plating in Top Agar ??Pouring Plates ??M9 Plate Supplementation Table ??Expression Protocol in M9 Minimal Media via T7 Promoter ??Agar Plates for Selection of Clones in Bacteria ??Streaking Bacteria for Single Colonies ??Replica Printing ??Lyophilizing Cells ??Growing Overnight Cultures ??Maintenance of Probes in bacteria including Escherichia coli ??Basic procedures for bacteria culture ??Bacteria Growth and Culture Bacteria Growth and Culture ??SMEAR PREPARATION ??Gramstaining Procedure ??Gram Stain (+\) ??Agglutination Assays ????????????з???????????? Isolation of live bacteria from adult insects ????????淽?? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????淽?? ??????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??Bacteriology ??Bacterial Glycerol Stocks ??Purifying Large E. coli Restriction Fragments from PulsedField Gels ??ISOLATION OF RNA FROM BACTEROIDS ??Isolation and Quantification of Genomic DNA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis ??Isolation of genomic DNA from bacteria ??RNA Isolation Protocol ??Chromosomal DNA Isolation ??Transposonmediated Mutagenesis ??Western Blot with Platelet Protein ??Serum Separation from Whole Blood ??Plateletassociated Ig (PAIg) Elution ??Platelet Preparation ??Erythrophagocytosis ??Coating of Platelets with Antibody in vitro ??CMFDA Labeling of Platelet ??Clot Retraction Test ??Blood Smear: Preparation and Staining ??Bleeding Time Test ??Isolation of Chloroplasts from Spinach Leaves ??45Ca2+ uptake study in PC12 cells ??how to determine the chlorophyll content of chloroplasts using a spectrophotomet ?????????????о???? ????????????????? ????????????????????????γ????????? ??146??????????[????????????????????] ?????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????о? ??MS Plant Tissue Culture Medium ??Crosses ??Pest Control ??Lyophilization and Grinding of Leaf Tissue ???????????????????о??е???? ??Plant Crosses ??In vitro growth of seedlings ??AFLP ????????????????protocol????? ????????????????protocol?????? ????????????????protocol????? ????????????????protocol???壩 ????????????????protocol????? ????????????????protocol?????? ????????????????protocol?????? ????????????????protocol????? ??PCR from Plant Tissue ??Protocol for Plant Protein Extraction ??Measurement of Carbon Fixation Rates in Leaf Samples ??Isolation of Retroelement from Plant Genomic DNA ??SOME HISTOCHEMICAL TESTS FOR FRESH TISSUE SLICES ??FIXATION OF PLANT METAPHASE CHROMOSOMES ??AFLP: not only for fingerprinting, but for positional cloning ??ACID PHOSPHATASE ??ACETYL CHOLINESTERASE ??Hematoxylin Stain ??????羵(Immune electron microscopy)??? ?????????????羵???? ???????羵???? ????????????羵???? ??Masson Trichrome staining ??Hematoxylin & Eosin staining ??STAINING MANUAL MINERALS AND PIGMENTS ??COMBINED ALCIAN BLUE P.A.S ??CRESYL FAST VIOLET TECHNIQUE FOR NISSL ??ALCIAN BLUE TECHNIQUE ??ALKALINE CONGO RED TECHNIQUE ??BIELSCHOWSKY METHOD ??Special Stains in Histology ??ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ??ELASTIC VAN GIESON (EVG) ??Elastic Picro Sirius Red ??ACID PICRO MALLORY ??Bromodeoxyuridine Staining of Mammary Tissue ??ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE (ATPASE) ??Stain for Sperm Acrosomes ??FREEZING TISSUE FOR CRYOSTAT SECTIONING ??Cryosectioning ??Tissue sectioning: Cryostat sectioning method ??SECTION ADHESIVES ??Preparation and Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections ??Preparation and Staining of Paraffin Sections ??Sectioning stained embryos. ??for the technique of embedding specimens in plastic ??Staining Protocols for Lymphoid Tissue: ??Sectioning and Mounting Protocol ??Periodic Acid Schiff Stain for Glycol Methacrylate Sections ??Glycol Methacylate Embedding for Materials Samples ??Glycol Methacrylate Embedding for Immunohistochemistry ??Alkaline Phosphatase for Glycol Methacrylate Sections ??Technovit® 9100 Methyl Methacrylate ??Acid Phosphatase for Glycol Methacrylate Sections Procedure ??Slide Preparation for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) ??Slide Preparation for Manual Microdissection ??Fixation and Embedding of Microtubules for Electron Microscopy ??HISTOLOGICAL FIXATIVES ??LCM PROTOCOLS ??Microwave citrate Pretreatment of Paraffin Sections ??????????? ??CELESTINE BLUE SOLUTION ??CARAZZIS HAEMATOXYLIN ??4% PARAFORMALDEHYDE ??10% FORMAL SALINE ??Working Procedures in Microwave Histology ??Microwave Processing Techniques for Microscopy ??Special Stains Using the Microwave ??Microwave Processing Schedules for Biopsies ??Microwave Tissue Processing ??waxsectioning & staining ??Histochemistry Introduction ??DECALCIFICATION ??CHROME GELATINISED SLIDES AND COVERSLIPS ??LCM PROTOCOLS??Slide Sectioning ??3AMINOPROPYLTRIETHOXYSILANE TREATED SLIDES ??Protocols for LCM preparation and analysis ??Processing of Microdissected Tissue for Molecular Analysis ????????? ??Northern blot???? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??????????????DNA?????????? ??PCR????????? ???????????????????????п??? ??????????????????????????????? ????????? ??PCR??????????????PCR????cDNA???е????????? ??PCR?????????????PCR??????? ??PCR????????壩??????????DNA???е?PCR???? ??PCR????????????????PCR ??PCR?????????????PCRSSCP??????? ??PCR?????????????PCR??????????? ??PCR???????????PCR?????????? ??PCR???????????PCR??????????????? ??PCR?????????????????????DNA??PCR???? ??PCR???????????mRNA????PCR???? ??PCR???????壩????????????????? ??PCR???????????PCR??????? ??PCR????????????PCR?????????? ??PCR????????????Taq DNA???? ??PCR???????????PCR???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????????????鷽?? ?????RNA????????2?????????????????? ??????·??????????????????siRNAЧ?? ??RNAi protocol ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay ??Gel Mobility Shift Assay Conditions ???????????????? ???????PCR??????? ??Methylation Specific PCR ??Methylated CpG Island Amplification (MCA) ??SOUTHERN BLOTS ??CGH of PCR Amplified Microdissected DNA ??Extraction of RNA from Frozen Sections ??DNA Extraction from Frozen Tissue Sections ??Embryo Lysates & Immunoprecipitation ??RNA????? ??DNA????? ??RNA?????? ??????????Northern??? ??Northern??? ????????DNA Southern??? ???????????????????????????Southern??? ???????????? ????ü???????????????? ??T4????????????? ??????????????RNA???:???????? ??????????????????????????DNA??? ?????ù?????????????д???DNA??ε???????? ???????:???IEF?? ????? ????????????R250?? ??????????RNA ??Poly??A????RNA??????? ?????峡??????? ???????????????? ????????????????????＼?? ????????????????????＼?? ?????????????н?????????ε??? ??cDNA????? ??????????? ??PCR??????????? ????????????????????DNA??PCR ??DNA????????????о? ?????λ?????????????????????DNA???????cDNA ???????????????????????DNAλ?? ????????????DNA???λ????????????????? ??????λ???????????? ????DNA??????????????????????е???? ??RNA?????????????2 ??RNA?????????????1 ????????????????о?????3??BIAcore ????????????????о???????????????? ????????????????о?????1 ??????????????RNA???λ?????1 ??Western??? ??CDNA????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??RNAi???????????????ü??? ?????鶯????????Σ?????? ???????????????? ??????????????Σ????????????? ??TNT?????????????????????????? ???????????鷽?? ????????????????????? ??EMSA??????????? ??promega?????????????????? ??HLA????????????PCRSSCP?? ??HLA????????????PCR?????? ??HLA????????????PCRSSP?? ??HLA????????????PCRSSO??ASO????? ??HLA????????????PCRRFLP?? ??HLA????????????RFLP?? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????????з??? ?????cDNA??? ?????????????? ??RNA??鷽?? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??DNA??????? ?????????????????? ??PCR????CDNA???е????????в??? ??PCR????????? ??PCR??????????????? ??PCR?????????HIV??? ??PCR??????????? ??PCR??????????????COX???? ??PCR??????????DMS/BMD??????? ??PCR??????????????к??? ??PCR???????????????????? ??PCR?????????????????? ??PCR??????????????????? ??PCR?????????? ????????? ??PCR??????????????????? ?????е???????(housekeeping genes)???б?+?????????? ??????DNA??????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????з?????????? ???????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????е????? ???????37??C?????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????о??????Leptomycin B ??????????????????? ????????????? ?????cDNA?????????SMART???? ??DNA????????? ??PCR????????????????? ??о???????????? ??A Concise Guide to cDNA Microarray Analysis ??Preparation of Slides ??Protocol for Reverse Transcription and Aminoallyl Coupling of RNA ??Preparation of DNA Samples ??Aminoallyl Reverse Transcription ??Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe from HUMAN mRNA or Total RNA using Direct I ??Total Bacterial RNA Labeling with Random Hexamers. ??????о???????NIH?? ??Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probe from mRNA: Yeast ??Modified Eberwine (antisense) RNA Amplification Protocol ??Cyanine Dye Purification Protocol ??Anatomy of a Comparative Gene Expression Study ??????о????????????????о???? ??????о???????????????? ??Tissue Microarray Protocol ??Reverse Transfection for Gene Function Analysis ??Yeast Total RNA Isolation ??Stripping an array ??Yeast ChIPonChip ??Yeast Poly(A)+ mRNA Isolation ??Reverse Transcription and Labeling of Human RNA ??Preparation of target RNA ??Microarray Hybridization ??MicroArray Protocol ??Preparation of PolylLysine Slides ??Making a scanning array ??Labeling Genomic DNA ??Hybridization ??Array Washing ??E.coli Total RNA Isolation ??Amplification and Labeling of DNA ??Array Hybridization ?????????????з???T??? ???????????????? ??MAPK????·?о????? ??Cytokine Bioassays ??Neutralizing Bioassay Protocols ??The UnderAgarose Migration Assay ??Chemotaxis Assay Using Microchemotaxis Chambers (Modified Boyden Chamber) ??In Vitro T Cell Activation ??SAPK/Jun kinase assays ??Pheromone Halo Assay ??Soft Agar Assay ??Proliferation Assay: [3H] Thymidine incorporation ??Determination of IC50 ??Detection of BrdU Incorporation in DNA Synthesizing Cells ??Cell Viability Assay ??Cytotoxicity Assays Protocol ??Crystal Violet Assay ??cell proliferation assay ??ThymidineIncorporation Assay for Rat1a cells ??3HThymidine Uptake by Cultured Cells ??NKcell cytotoxicity assay ??MTT Cell Proliferation Assay Instructions ??MTT assay for cell proliferation ????????????????鷽????? ??MTT Cell Proliferation Assay ????????????????????? ???о?????????????????????????? ??????????????е??????????е???? ???????????????????? ?????????????? ??Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation ??JC1?????????????λ????? ??Cell Disruption and Subcellular Fractionation ??Tubulin Polymerization with GTP/GMPCPP/Taxol ??TEM Visualization of Microtubules ??Viscosity & Polymeriztion of Microtubules ??SDS Gel Electrophoresis of Tubulin\MAPs ??SDS Gel Electrophoresis of Tubulin\MAPs ??Recycling Tubulin ??Preparation of Segmented and Polarity Marked Microtubules ??Negative Stain Electron Microscopy of Microtubules ??Microtubule Spindowns for Visual Analysis ??MT Spindowns from Extracts ??Labeling Tubulin and Quantifying Labeling Stoichiometry ??Isolation of Actin and Myosin Filaments ??Isolation of Microtubules (Bovine Brain) ??Immunofluorescent Localization of Tubulin ??Flow Cell Assays with Microtubules: Motility/Dynamics in Fluorescence and VEDIC ??Fluorescence Procedures for the Actin and Tubulin Cytoskeleton in Fixed Cells ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????5??NAG??? ????????????4??MTS??? ????????????3??XTT??? ???????????????? ????????????2??MTT??? ??????????????????TMRM??Mitotracker??JC1 ???????????ATP???[????????] ?????????????????? ??DNA??????鷽?? ?????????FAQ ???????? ?????????FAQ ??Annexin V ??PI??????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????鷽??????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????鷽????????? ????????????鷽????BrdU???? ?????????????????? ??????????????B??? ???????????????B??? ??T??????????? ???о?T???????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??????????????????????! ??????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??DNA????????Southern Blot ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????1??[3H]??????????????????? ?????????????12?????????PCR???? ?????????????11??PCR?鵼????????? ?????????????10????????????????????? ?????????????8??????????? ?????????????9???????????? ?????????????7???????????? ?????????????6???????Y???????? ?????????????5??????°??????????? ?????????????2???????????? ?????????????3??RNA????? ?????????????4??????DNA???????? ?????????????1??DNA???? ????????????????????? ????????Ч??? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????Western Blot ???????????RNA???Northern Blot ?????????????????????????? ????????????о???????????????????????? ????????????о??????????????????? ??????鵼????????ü??7???????CMC???? ??????鵼????????ü??6????????CMC ??????鵼????????ü??5????MTT?????CMC ??????鵼????????ü????????????????? ??????鵼????????ü????LDH???? ??????鵼????????ü????[3H]???????????? ??????鵼????????ü??1??Cr???? ??????鵼????????????CMC??????????????? ????????????8????????????????ATP???? ????????????9???????????????? ????????????10??????????? ????????????7????????????????AKP???? ????????????6??AlamarBlueTM???? ?????FC???巽?? ????????????X??С?????? ???????????????AgNO3?? ??????????????????????? ??????CBG????? ??????GTG????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????? ??Chemical Induction of Apoptosis ??Staining Methods for cell ??TUNEL labeling ??Detection by TUNEL labeling ??TUNEL ???? ??Guide to Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis Methods ??Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) ??ImmunoLaser Capture Microdissection ????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ??Percoll?????????????????????????????????????? ??Ficoll????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????3??????????о? ????????????? ??2%???????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???С???????????????????????? ?????????????????Purdue?? ???????????????? ????????????????????? ??PREPARATION OF MICROINJECTION PIPETTES ??MEDIA FOR EMBRYO CULTURE AND MANIPULATION ??KARYOTYPING ES CELLS ??PMEF FEEDER LAYER CONCENTRATION ??ELECTROPORATION OF ES CELLS AND ISOLATION OF H/R CLONES ??GAMMA IRRADIATION OF PMEFS ??MITOMYCIN C TREATMENT OF PMEFs ??С??feeder??????? ??Routine Culturing of ES Cells ??Betagal staining of eukaryotic cells in vitro ??Transfection of Mammalian Cells Using Lipofectamine ??DNA TRANSFECTION OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS USING CALCIUM PHOSPHATE ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???λ???????????鼼?? ??DNA???????????????λ????????? ???λ?????鲽?? ??cRNA??????λ????????? ???λ????????????????????????? ??In Situ Hybridization Using Digoxigenin Labeled Probes ??In Situ HYBRIDIZATION TO TISSUE SECTIONS ??IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ON FROZEN SECTIONS ??In situ hybridization of yeast cells (RNA and Oligonucleotide probes) ??Single Cell Gene Expression Profiling: Multiplexed Expression Fluorescence in si ??In situ hybridization of mammalian cells (RNA and Oligonucleotide probes) ??Anderson Lab In Situ Hybridization Protocols ??In Situ Hybridization ??Hiro Hirais BACFISH Protocol ??RNA In Situ Hybridization of Dissected Gonads with DigoxygeninLabeled Probes ??FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION (FISH) ON HUMAN CHROMOSOMES AND INTERPHASE NU ??Autoradiography ??Preparation of singlestranded probes from cloned cDNA ??Preparation of probes for in situ hybridization ??Preparation and purification of biotinlabeled probe for ISH ??Nonfluorescent protein/RNA doublelabeling ??NICK TRANSLATION OF dsDNA WITH BIOTINYLATED OR DIGOXIGENIN dUTP ??Biotin labeling and hybridization of probe to chromosomes ??35SRIBOPROBE SYNTHESIS FOR ISOTOPIC In Situ HYBRIDIZATION ???λ?????????????????????? ?????DNA????????????? ??????????cRNA?????鷽?? ???????????Bolton??Hunter??????? ??PRINS???? ???λ?????????????????????? ???λ?????????? ??????λ?????FISH??????????鵼???λ????PRINS????????? ??In Situ Hybridisation Protocol ??Hiro Hirais PRINS Protocol ??Storage of Chromosome Preparations for FISH ??Preparation of Paraffin Sections and Frozen Tissue for FISH ??Nick Translation ??TISSUE PREPARATION FOR IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ??RNA in situ protocol for DNA and RNA probes ??ProteinDNA Telomere FISH ??PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTIONS FOR FISH ??mRNA In Situ Hybridization with NickTranslated Probes ??WHOLE MOUNT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION.Mouse Embryos ?????????????????????????????? ??Biological coating procedures for glass coverslips ??????????е??????????????????? ????????????? ??????????Feulgen?????? ???????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????????MOI???????? ???????????MOI???????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????о??????е???? ??????缫????????????????????? ????????????????????????(CGH) ??????????????λ????????????(PRINS) ????????? ??????????????λ???(ISH) ????????????????? ???С???????? ????????濹??????????????????? ???????????????С?? ??????????PI??????????? ??????????????? ?????DNA??????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????????? ????С???????????????? ??Subculturing Cells ??Transfer of Eukaryote Suspension Cultures ??Maintenance of Cell Culture ??Culture of BEND Cells (Bovine Endometrial Cells) ??Subculturing Monolayer Cell Cultures ??Cell Culture Selection Guide ??Recommended working medium, trypsin volume and cell inoculation density ??Working Volumes for TissueCulture Vessels ??Use of Cloning Cylinders for Harvesting Cell Colonies ??Clonal Growth of Cells in Semisolid Media ??Viability Cell Count ??Thawing Cells (Schreibers protocol) ??Introduction to Animal Cell Culture ??Tissue Culture Methods ??Neuron Cell Culture ??The Cell Environment (including types of culture medium) ??Lung Organ Culture ??In vitro culture of embryonic lungs ??ORGANOTYPIC LIMB CULTURES ??ORGANOTYPIC KIDNEY CULTURES ??Tissue Culture Media ??Stock solutions for tissue culture ??TISSUE CULTURE STOCK SOLUTIONS AND MEDIA ??Solutions for Tissue/Cell Digestion ??Serum Thawing & Heat Inactivation ??Recipes for Tissue Culture Selective Drug Stocks ??Components and Supplementation of Various Culture Media ??Guide For Identifying And Correcting Common Cell Growth Problems ??Subculture of Suspension Cell Lines ??Slice and Explant Culture ?????????????????? ???????????? ??????????е??Щ??? ?????????????? ????????????????鷽?? ???????????????? ?????????????? ?????????/?????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????DMEM???????????? ???????????????????? ??????????D????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??Tissue Culture Thawing Cells from Liquid Nitrogen ??Working Cell Bank ??Flow Cytometry: Immunofluorescence Staining of Activated and Resting Human Plate ??Flow Cytometry Assay to Measure Internalization of GPCRs ??Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cell Cycle ??Paraformaldehyde Fixation of Cells ??FIXATION and DNA Staining for Cell Cycle Analysis ??Flow cytometric determination of leukocyte surface antigens in whole blood ??Stewart Laboratory Standard Operating Procedure ??Basic Method for Direct Immunofluorescence Labeling ??Advanced Methodologies in Flow Cytometry ??Flow Cytometry Analysis ??TUNEL Assay Protocol ??Staining Methods for cell death ??In Situ Cell Death (Apoptosis) Detection by TUNEL labeling ??DNA Fragmentation Assays for Apoptosis Protocol ??Defrosting Eukaryotic Cells Frozen In Liquid N2 ??Master Cell Bank ??Cell Freezing ??Freezing Cells ??Freezing and Thawing of Mammalian Cell Lines ??Freezing and Thawing Cultured Cells ??Freezing and Thawing cells ??Tissue Culture Storage of Cell Lines ??General Guide for Cryogenically Storing Animal Cell Cultures ??Cryogenic Preservation and Storage of Animal Cells ??Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Preparation ??Collection of Peritoneal Cells ??Liver lymphocyte harvesting ??Osteoblast Harvest Adult Mice ??Harvesting lymphocytes from Peripheral Blood ??Preparation of low density, collagenasedigested splenocytes Protocol ??Quality Control Considerations ??Understanding And Managing Cell Culture Contamination ??Authentication of Cell Lines ??Mycoplasma Detection Using DNA Staining ??Use of a Hemacytometer ??Hemacytometer Reference Guide ??Eukaryote Growth Dynamics ??Use of the Hemacytometer for the Determination of Cell Numbers ??Trypan blue viability test ??Cell counting with an hemacytometer. ??Passaging cells ??Staining protocols for placental explant cultures ??Freezer and Cell Line Database ??Establishment of a Primary Culture ??Direct tissue explant method for derivation and study of extravillous trophoblas ??Culture of Endometrial Explants and Periimplantation Conceptuses to Monitor Synt ??Infection with retroviruses ??Hemacytometer Workbook ??Growing cells ??Culture of endometrial explants ??Analysis of ES Cell Clones by MiniSouthern ??EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS PROTOCOL ??ES Cell Culture and Manipulation ??Micronucleus Assay in Blood Lymphocytes ??Lacrimal Experimental Protocol (4/4/94) ??Fibroblast Cell Systems Instructions for Use ??Endothelial Cell Systems Instructions For Use ??Culturing HEK 293 Cells ??Culturing Chick Embryonic Myoblasts/Myotubes and Fibroblasts ??С????????????????鲽?? ???????????????Drosophila Cell Lines?? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????鷽????Culturing Drosophila cells) ?????????????????? ??293 SFMadapted cells_ PDFPublication (LifeTech) ??293 SFMadapted cells_ PDFManual (LifeTech) ??Preparation of ES cells for Microinjection ??Injection of ES cells into morulae ??EScell injection into mouse blastocysts ??Aggregation of ES cells with mouse morulastage embryos ??Tissue Culture of PtK1 Cells ??Preparation of Embryonic Extract ??PC12 Cell Culture and Fusion ??ES / MEF cell culture and electroporation of targeting construct ??PRODUCTION OF ES CELL CHIMERAS BY AGGREGATION WITH EIGHTCELL STAGE EMBRYOS ??PRODUCTION OF COMPLETELY ES CELLDERIVED FETUSES BY AGGREGATION WITH TETRAPLOID E ??Preparing 48Well Plate Feeders ??Preparation of RNA from Cultured Cells ??Detection of Apoptosis in Paraffinembedded tissues by ISEL (In Situ End Labelin ??Apoptosis: Miniassay ??Programmed Cell Death In Situ Detection Using Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transfer ??Timing of Cycles ??HThymidine Uptake by Cultured Cells ??CELL CYCLE ANALYSIS ??Cell Cycles Introduction ??Measurement of Cell Adhesion Under Static Conditions ??Dynamic Flow Assay in a Parallel Plate Flow Chamber ??CELL ADHESION ??CarbohydrateSpecific Adhesion of Intact Cells to Resolved Glycolipids on TLC Pla ??Matrigel invasion assays ??Chemotaxis Assay ?????????? ??T cell Activation Protocol ??????????????? ???????????????293??? ??How do I decontaminate my tissue culture? ??A general protocol for staining cell for cytometry analysis ??Immunofluorescence Staining of Human Cells by Lysed Whole Blood Method ??Immunodetection of cyclin D1 and D2/D3 using 488/630 nm dual laser flow cytometr ??Fluorescein labeling of proteins ???????????????????????鷽????PI??Brdu) ??Adrenal chromaffin granule (chromaffin vesicle) preparation ??Em observations of microsomes ??Preparation of Mitochondria from Rat Liver ??Mitochondria Structure and Function Theoretical Details ??Recommended Experiments with Isolated Mitochondria ??Organelle DNA Library Construction ??Isolation of Interphase Nuclei from Paraffin Section for FISH ??Preparation of tubulin ??Tubulin Basics ??Preparation of Rat Liver Cell Cytosol ??Lysosome Isolation in Isotonic Sucrose ??CSF Extract Prep for Spindle Assembly ??Large Scale Tubulin Preparation ??CHO Centrosome Prep ??????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??FACS Analysis Using Peripheral Blood Cells ??Staining Procedure for Flow Cytometric Detection of Human Cyclins ??Simultaneous analysis of DNA content and surface immunophenotype using gentle et ??Phenotypespecific immunodetection of cyclins using 488/630 nm dual laser flow cy ??Phycoerythrin conjugation protocol ??Paraformaldehyde ??Immunofluorescent Staining of Mouse and Rat Leukocytes ??Basic Method for Indirect Immunofluorescence Labeling ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????[???] ???????????????????? ??????????????PCR??? ?????????????????????????? ???й???????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????? ??Culturing Chick Embryonic Cardiac Myocytes and Fibroblasts ??Preparation of NeoR Murine Embryonic Fibroblasts ??Preparation of Feeder Layers And SNL Stocks ??Differentiate ES cells into glial cells and neurons ??Isolation of Primary Fibroblasts from Mouse Embryos ??Differentiate ES cells into cystic embryoid bodies ??Differentiate ES cells into cardiac myocytes ??Freezing Embryonic Stem (ES) Cell Clones in 96Well Plates ??FEEDER PREPARATION BY GAMMA IRRADIATION ??Electroporation of ES cells ??ES and TS cell freezing/thawing ??bGalactosidase Color Assay for Cultured Cells ??Gene quantification calculations ??Relative quantitation of gene expression ?????PCR/??????PCR??????ü?? ??pcr?????????????????PCR???????????о??е???? ??PCR???? PCR????????? ??PCR???????? ??PCR????????Щ???? ?????PCR??????? ????ν??????PCR?????? ??PCR??????????? ??PCR??鼰???????? ??PCR??ü??? ??PCR????????????? ??PCR??????? ??PCR???? ??Multiplex PCR ??PEG PRECIPITATION OF PCR PRODUCTS ??Cloning PCR products using TA vectors ??PURIFICATION OF PCR PRODUCTS WITH SEPHADEX ??Purification of PCR products ??Cleavage of PCR Products Directly After Amplification Reaction ??Cleavage Efficiency Close to the Termini of PCR Fragments ??LongPCR Reagents and Guidelines ??RTPCR??鷽??????? ??????RTPCR?????? ??????RTPCR?????? ?????????????????????鷽?? ??First Strand cDNA Synthesis ??What is the highest temperature that reverse trascriptases can be used? ??Semiquantitative RTPCR analysis to assess the expression levels of multiple tran ??RTPCR procedures ??Reverse TranscriptasePCR ??Preparation of Template RNA for RTPCR ??Avoiding DNA Contamination in RTPCR ??Degenerate PCRA Short Guide ??Degenerate PCR Detailed guide ??PCR????????11??????? ???????????????? ??PCR??RTPCR??????????? ??????PCR?????? ??????????????PCR????鷽?? ??Protocol for PCR using Taq DNA Polymerase ??Standard PCR Protocol ??Polymerase Chain Reaction ??PCR Amplification of DNA ??Detection of Alu by PCR ??Calculating Concentrations for PCR ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) ??PCR Technology ??Designing PCR programs ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) cont. ??PCR ??Determining the Direction of Replication Fork Movement ??Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic Analysis for the Human Plasma Proteome ??InGel Digestion of Proteins Separated by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??Preparation of Bacterial Proteins for Analysis by 2DPAGE ??Analysis of Proteins using Small Format 2D Gel Electrophoresis ??2D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ??2 Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic Analysis for Chicken Egg ??Background Theory and Principles of Capillary Electrophoresis ??Capillary Electrophoresis ???????????????? ??Preparation of Agarose Gels for DNA separations ??Preparation of denaturing 6% polyacrylamide gels for microsatellite analysis ??Acrylamide Urea Gel (35 ml) ??Preparation of Polyacrylamide Gels ??Native Acrylamide Gels (35 ml) ??NuPAGE Gels ??ELECTROPHORESIS OF DNA IN POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS ??????н?С???? ??Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ??TROUBLESHOOTING DNA AGAROSE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS ??Standard neutral agarose electrophoresis ??Top 10 Fun Facts for DNA Electrophoresis ??Facts and trouble shooting ??Electrophoresis of PCR products with Sunrise gel apparatus ??DNA mobility in gels ??electrophoresis of DNA ??Alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis ??Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ??Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of DNA ??ELECTROPHORESIS OF DNA IN AGAROSE GELS ??Pulse Field Electrophoresis ??Methylene Blue DNA staining protocol ??Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) ??Agarose Gels for Single Stranded DNA ??Gel Electrophoresis of DNA ??Protein Electrophoresis ??2D Gel Electrophoresis ??DNA Electrophoresis ??ChIPCpG Island Microarray Binding Analysis ??ChIP Assay ??Yeast Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) ??CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (CHIP) PROTOCOL FOR YEAST ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIPs) Protocol for Tissues(Farnham Lab) ??Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIPs) Cloning Protocol (Farnham Lab) ??CHIP PROTOCOL FOR YEAST ??Chromatin IP (CHIP assay) ?????????????????????????????? ??EST????????????????cDNA????????ò??? ??Step by Step SSCP ??RLGS protocol ??DNA methyltransferase Assay ??DNA????????? ??cDNA/AFLP??A tool for transcriptome analysis ??Loss of Heterozygosity ??Clonality X Chromosome Inactivation Assay ????????????????????? ??Mutation Detection By SingleStrand Conformational Polymorphism (SSCP) ??Differential Display Technical notes ??Targeted Differential Display ??about mRNA differential display ??Differential Display of Cotton Transcripts ??Differential Display of RNAs ??DIFFERENTIAL DISPLAY ??LacZ Detection in Tail Biopsies ??Transgenic Animals ??C. elegans Gene Knockout Protocol ??Bacterial betaGalactosidase Histochemisty Bible ??Sample Preparation for Microinjection ??Intracytoplasmic Spermatocyte Injection (ICSI) ??ES injection pipette manufacture ??bgalactosidase Solution Assay ??Spectral Karyotyping Detection ??DOPPCR Labeling for Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) ??Human Chromosome Preparation ??Slide Pretreatment for Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) ??Hybridization for Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) ??Giemsatrypsin Banding ??Karyotype Analysis ??Sequencing off Cosmid, BAC, PAC, and Fosmid Templates with ABI Big Dye Terminato ??Plasmid or Cosmid DNA Miniprep ??Large Scale Plasmid, Cosmid, BAC, PAC, and Fosmid DNA Isolation ??Cosmid??????? ??Cosmid Cloning: Cell preparation, DNA packaging, and Cell Transfection ??Preparation of Yeast DNA Embedded in Agarose Plugs ??Gelpurified, agarased YACs for yeast transformation ??Easy YAC Preparation Method ??DNA Isolation From BAC & PAC Clones ??Construction of BAC Libraries??TAMU BAC Center Workshop Manual ??Construction of BAC Libraries??SOLUTIONS FOR BAC LIBRARY CONSTRUCTION ??Construction of BAC Libraries??Construction of a BAC library ??Construction of BAC Libraries??Megabase DNA Isolation ??Protocol for Construction of BAC Libraries ??Hybridization of High Density Arrayed BAC Nylon Filter Blots ??How to build a BAC library ??BAC EndSequencing ??Easy Way to Clone Genes From a Phage Library ??Screening of cDNA and genomic libraries ??PCR based ??DNA library screening method ??Expression Library Screening (Procaryotic) Using APFusion Proteins ??COLONY HYBRIDIZATION ??Screening a cDNA Library ??cDNA Library Screening Protocol ZAPII ??Genomic Libraries ??Genomic Cloning Technical Manual ??Packagene® Lambda DNA Packaging System ??Lambda vector preparation ??Preparation and purification of lambda gtWES vector for construction of genomic ??TA?????????????? ??Library cDNA Synthesis ??Differential cDNA Screening Procedures ??Experimental Protocol for cDNA Library Construction ??cDNA library Construction from Single Cells ??cDNA Libraries ?????????????? ???????????????Щ???? ??BECKMAN??????????PDF??? ??TCA??????????DNA??鷽?? ???????DNA?????鷽?? ??Spot Fluorescence??????DNA??鷽?? ??DNA??????鷽?? ??DNA????????????????鷽?? ????????DNA?????鷽?? ??????????????鷽?? ???????????????????鷽?? ?????????DNA??????protocol??鷽?? ????????????鷽?? ??????DNA?????鷽?? ??UV Absorbance (280 nm) ?C Protein Determination??鷽?? ??SemiQuantitative Measurement of Proteins by Dot Blotting??鷽?? ??Quantitative Determination of Peptides by Sulfhydryl (SH) Groups??鷽?? ??Protein Assay (Spectrophotometer)??鷽?? ??Lowry ?C Protein Determination??鷽?? ??LOWRY PROTEIN ASSAY??鷽?? ??Protein concentration of Laemmli gel samples??鷽?? ??Phosphoamino acid analysis of nonTCA precipitable proteins??鷽?? ??BIURET PROTEIN ASSAY??鷽?? ??Biorad Protein Assay: Bradford??鷽?? ???????????????鷽?? ??COMPARISION OF DIFFERENT PROTEIN DETERMINATION METHODS??鷽?? ??Use of the Bradford Protein Assay in a Microtiter Plate Format??鷽?? ??Bradford ?C Protein Determination??鷽?? ??Bradford Protein Concentration Assay??鷽?? ??Bradford Assay??鷽?? ??Bradford protein assay??鷽?? ??Bradford???????????Bradford Protein Assay ????鷽?? ??????DNA??????????鷽?? ??Dissociation of spleen and hemopoietic tissue ??Osteoblast Harvest ??Analysis of murine BM ??Mouse Spleenectomy ??Isolation of colonic epithelium ??????????????????????? ??Isolation of bone marrow ??????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ??Phosphate (Sodium) buffer Chart ?????????????3 ????????????????? ??????????????2 ??Antibiotic Concentration in Media ?????????????? ?????????????2 ????????佹 ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????﹫? ?????????????? ??????????? ??Retos Buffers & Media Book ??How to Make Simple Solutions and Dilutions ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??CD???????1996?? ?????????ü??????????? ?????ú???????????? ???????λ????? ???????λ???????????λ???_ ???????????????????????? ??????С?????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????б???Enzymes Cleaving DNA on Both Sides of Their Recognition Sequence ????????б???Enzymes Generating Blunt Ends ????????б???Enzymes Generating 3protruding Ends ????????б???Enzymes Generating 5protruding Ends ????????б? ??The Restriction Enzyme Database ??DNA Molecular Weight Markers ??Molecular Weight Marker ??Molecular Weight Markers for Gel Electrophoresis ??codon usage database ????????????????????? ??Senescentassociated bGal Assay ??Fixation of Cytological Smears, FineNeedle Aspirates and Touch Preparations ??Examination of a Mammalian Blood Smear ??Cell Isolation Techniques ??Cell Isolation FAQs ??Cell Isolation Theory ???? Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Instrument Tie?? ??Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Ligation Around a Hemostatic Clamp?? ??Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Deep Tie?? ??Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Surgeons Knot?? ??Tying Ligatures and Sutures??Square Knot?? ??Gloving ??Changing Gloves During A Surgical Procedure ?? ??Gloving ??Open Gloving Techniques ?? ??Gloving ??Selecting The Proper Size Surgical Gloves ?? ??Gloving ??Closed Gloving Technique ?? ??Gowning ??Donning and Tying a Surgical Gown ?? ??Gowning ??Drying Hands with Hand Towel ?? ??Surgical Scrub ??Scrub Technique?? ??Surgical Scrub ??Selection Of Appropriate Antiseptics and Brushes?? ??Preparation for Surgical Scrub ??Caps, Masks, and Other Types of Shielding ???????????????Selection of Appropriate Antiseptic?? ???????Drapes ?? ???????????????? ??????????Selecting and Packaging Gowns ?? ???????????Steam Sterilization?? ??Proper Instrument Handling ??Towel Clamps ?????????Scalpels ??????? ?????????Self Retaining??????? ?????????Hand Held??????? ??Needle Holders????? ??????????Intestinal Forceps?? ??????????Hemostats and Hemostatic Forceps?? ??????????Dressing and Tissue Forceps?? ???????????: ??????????? ?????????ü??????????????? ???????????? CONTAX??? ????????????? ???????????????(1985~1992) ????????????? ???????????????? ????????????? Mamiya 120??????????? ????????????? Leica??? 35mm?????????? ????????????? Leica???????? ????????????? Konica?????????? ????????????? ????35mm????? ????????????? Pentax???????? ???????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ??LOWRY PROTEIN ASSAY ??Use of the Bradford Protein Assay in a Microtiter Plate Format ??Bradford Assay ??????DNA??? ?????????DNA??????protocol ?????????? ???????????? ?????????ü???????????????? ??????Ч?????????????????? ??????????????????????е???? ???????廯???EB????????????? ???????????????????? ??????С??? ???????С??β??????似??????? ????????鶯????? ????????????? ????鶯????????? ?????????????????CCD ?????????????? ??CCD?????? ?????CCD??CMOS??????????????? ?????CCD??Super CCD??CMOS ??????pcr??????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????PCR???????? ??Troubleshooting Guide for qPCR and RTqPCR ??Basics of using Realtime PCR ??????PCR???? ??Realtime PCR review article (2002) ??DNA/RNA RealTime Quantitative PCR ??Realtime PCR review article (2000) ??FAQs on RealTime RTPCR ??RealTime or Kinetic PCR ??Protocol for RealTime RTPCR ??Single Cell PCR ??SMART???? ???λ????????????in situ PCR?????λ????????????????in situ RTPCR?????? ?????mRNA?????????????DDRTPCR????????????????? ??????PCR???? ??????PCR(ImmunoPCR)???????? ??????????????????????????? (PCRSSCP) ??鷽?? ??Primary Amplification of Genomic DNA using DOP PCR ??Single tube confirmation PCR protocol ??Sitedirected Mutagenesis using PCR ??Single Primer (SemiRandom) PCR ??Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to Amplify rRNA Gene Fragment ??PCR from Tissue ??Disruption by Fusion PCR ??PCR Amplification of Inserts from Bacterial Cultures ??Incorporation of DigoxigenindUTP into Plasmid Inserts Using PCR ??Direct PCR from Whole Yeast Cells: Zymolyase Method ??Colony PCR ??Core Sample PCR: A method to rePCR unique bands from products of mixed size ??MethylationSpecific PCR ??384well PCR ??Methylated CpG Island Amplification ??Bisulfite Treatment of DNA ??BisulfitePCR for Restriction Analysis and/or Sequencing ??Primer Design Rules for Bisulfite Conversion Based PCR ??Singel Nucleotide Primer Extension (SNuPE) ??Inverse PCR & Cycle Sequencing of P Element Insertions for STS Generation ??Bisulfite Conversion Based PCR ??Inverse PCR for PACend sequencing ??Inverse PCR For use with Snyder mTnlacZ/LEU2 based mutagenesis ??Inverse PCR ??In Situ RTPCR ??THE FOUNDATION OF SUCCESSFUL RT IN SITU PCR ??The In Situ PCR:Amplification and Detection in a Cellular Context ??Microdeletion screening ??Standard multiplex mixtures ??Troubleshooting for PCR and multiplex PCR ??PCR and multiplex PCR guide ??Multiplex PCR: Critical Parameters and StepbyStep Protocol ??TUNEL PROCEDURE IN BOVINE EMBRYOS ??MiniChamber for Regulating Gaseous Environment During Culture ??????????? ??Procedures for In Vitro Production of Bovine Embryos ??LINEAGE ANALYSIS USING RETROVIRAL VECTORS ??Protocol to Count Cell Number of Preimplantation Embryos ????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????? ??Light Microscopy ??USE OF THE LIGHT MICROSCOPE ??Use of SemiThin Cryosections for Light Microscopy. ??Microscopes in Cell Biology ??Dark Field Viewing ??Microscopy with Oil Immersion ??Phase Contrast Microscopy ??Differential Interference Contrast (Nomarski, DIC, Hoffman Modulation Contrast) ??Measurement with the Light Microscope ??Using a Counting Chamber ??ELECTRON MICROSCOPY ??TEM Specimen Preparation??Preparative Techniques for the TEM ??Chlamydomonas Fixation for Transmission Electron Microscopy ??Fixation of Cells Cultured in Transwell Dishes ??EPON resin mixture for transmission electron microscopy ??Preparation Of Ciliated Protozoa For Scanning Electron Microscopy ??High resolution negative staining ??PREPARATION OF YEAST CELLS FOR IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY ??Generic Fixation for Electron Microscopy ??Specimen Preparation for Scanning Electron Microscopy ??Electron Microscopes??The Electron Microscope in Biology ??Tetrahymena Fixation for Transmission Electron Microscopy ??Use of Transmission Electron Microscopy ??Immunofluorescence Microscopy of tissue culture cells ?????????????????TRFIA?? ??????QuantumDot????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????GFP??????????? ?????????????л?????????????????Metabolic biotinylation of mammalian cell re ??????????????????????????? ???????????patch clamp) ????????????????? ??Dissociated Cultures of Cerebellar Neurons ?????????????????? Neuron Cell Culture ??Proteasome Preparation from Human Brain ??Protocol for the Primary Culture of Cortical and Hippocampal neurons ??neuromelanin isolation and identification ??BDA???????????????????????????????е???? ??Michael Zumwalt of Agilent Technologies discusses mass spectrometry for qualific ??Introduction to Proteomics: Proteomic Applications of Mass Spectrometry (Session ??Mass Spectrometry for Qualification and Quantification???eserminarAgilent(???? ??Rapid Quantitation of Drugs of Abuse in Oral Fluids Using the Agilent G6410A QQQ ??Metabolomic Profiling Using New High Pressure LC/TOF???eserminarAgilent(?????? ??Protein Profiling and Identification Using HPLCChip/MS on the TOF and QTOF???es ??Introducing the Agilent 6410 Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer???eserminarAgi ??The NEW Agilent 1200 LC Systems???eserminarAgilent(??????????????) ??New Agilent 6000 Series LC/MS Portfolio???eserminarAgilent(??????????????) ???????????????GE Healthcare?????????????????????GE Healthcare BioScienc ????????????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Ltd (????????????????? ??GE Healthcare???Ч??????????????????︴????????????????96???????? ??GE Healthcare????????????Ч??????????????????????????????????GE Heal ??????????????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Ltd (????????????????й? ???????????????ж????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Ltd (????????? ??USB????????????????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Ltd (?????????????? ??ECL????????????????????????????? 2005??11??14????12??30??GE Healthcare BioS ??GE??????????????????Ч??????????????GE Healthcare BioSciences China Lt ????????????????????????????????????????????ж?????GE Healthcare BioS ??A Method for MicroScale Isolation and Purification of Gangliosides ??Immunostaining Thin Layer Chromatograms Of Glycolipids ??Immunohistochemistry using AntiGanglioside Antibodies ??Detection of Glycoproteins on Blot ??CarbohydrateSpecific Adhesion of Intact Cells to Resolved Glycolipids on TL ??Deglycosylation of Glycoproteins Using Endoglycosidases ??Carbohydrate Assays ??Analysis of Oligosaccharide Ligands by High Performance Liquid Affinity Chromato ??Protease assay ??Polygalacturonase assay ??Polyphenoloxidase (catechol oxidases) assay ??Pectinase assay ??A Method for Assaying Deubiquitinating Enzymes ??Methods for the Measurement of a Bacterial Enzyme Activity in Cell Lysates and E ??Glucosamine Rapid Assay ??Enzyme Kinetics assay of the WT ??Methods for the Detection of DAminoAcid Oxidase ??Cellulase assays ??Assay of superoxide dismutase activity ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??Lipid analysis??EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS FROM LIPOPHORIN ??Lipoprotein Analysis week 3 ??Lipoprotein Analysis Week 2: Electrophoresis ??Lipoprotein Isolation First week ??In vitro Sphingomyelinase Assay ??Glycosphingolipid analysis ??DGK Membrane Preparation ??DGK Assay ??Desalting Acidic Glycosphingolipids ??Column Purification of Demethylated Sphingomyelin ??Arachidonic Acid Labeling ??AA & Metabolite Quantitation of Cell Pellets PostAA Labeling ??AA & Metabolite Quantitation of Media PostAA Labeling ???????????????????????????? ??Gelelongation assay for type II fatty acid synthesis ??Lipoprotein Isolation and Analysis ??Choline Labeling and TNF Treatment of HL60 Cells ??Sphingomyelin Quantitation Postcholine Labeling of HL60 Cells ??Sphingomyelin Mass Measurement ??Lipid analysisWeek 3: GAS LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY ??Lipid analysis??Thin layer chromatography ??Purification of Demethylated Sphingomyelin ??Preparation of bOGDOPG mixed micelles ??Phosphate Assay by Suprya Jaydev ??Phosphate Assay ??Neutralizing Arachidonic Acid ??Methylation of Fatty Acids (Kropinski Method) ??Liposome Swelling Assay ??Liposome Preparation ??Labeled Sphingomyelin Synthesis ??EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS ?????T??????????/??????????? ????????????????LPO?? ??Purification of acidic phosphatase from mustard seedlings ??Radioiodination of protein ???????????Iodogen???? ??Protein Arginine Methylation ??Preparing a Selenomethionyl Protein ??Phosphoamino acid analysis:Mark Kampss method ??Permeabilization of gramnegative bacteria with KPi/hexane for the release of Las ??Biosynthetic labeling ??Angiotensin Protein Kinase Assay ??Amicon Stirred Ultrafiltration Cells ??Acetylation (or Succinylation) of Amino Groups on Proteins ??Basic Protein Chemistry Techniques ??Protein Staining Procedures |
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