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[交流] 每周一听——那些年我们一起练过的听力(第82期) 已有59人参与

每周一听——那些年我们一起练过的听力(第82期)


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    The South African Department of Labor reported last month that the nation has too few jobs for unskilled    (1)    . The department also said there are not enough workers for highly    (2)    positions.

    The sharp differences between jobs and skills were apparent recently when officials    (3)    a job opening in the government. The position was that of auditor-general or chief financial supervisor.

    With a 26 percent unemployment rate nationwide, there was no shortage of interest in the job. 90 people asked to be considered. But officials said many of them lack the necessary skills of education. The auditor-general is responsible for supervising and independently examining South Africa's finances.

    The advertisement said, the position required the person to be a trained accountant. It said    (4)    had to have at least a Master's degree and years of experience. Yet among the job hopefuls were laborers, a security guard, a secretary and some whose highest education level was high school.

    The Labor Department report    (5)    the nation's poor education system. But for unskilled workers, the story is very different.

    Restaurant industry official TJ Van der Walt says the business he    (6)    get a huge number of applications for every job.

    "We deal in an industry where there's no real skill needed, so we get literally thousands of applicants for the positions that we get."

    Mr Van der Walt notes that good workers are hard to find. He says he spends a lot of time studying the    (7)    of people who don't have the require skills. In his words, people just want jobs.

    Sejamothopo Motau is a member of South Africa's Parliament. He says the job market is difficult, and both skilled and unskilled workers are    (8)    . He says education has been a major problem in South Africa's development. He notes that many Blacks received a poor education under white-minority rule. Apartheid officially ended in 1994.

    He says many people are university graduates, still they can't get jobs where    (9)    skilled workers. This is because the education these graduates have is not enough to place them in jobs with    (10)    .

    "So what it tells us is -- and I think everybody in this country now accepts that -- is that there's a mismatch between our education system and the products of that system, and the needs, the economic needs, of the country."

    Mr Motau's party estimates that 4 million young South Africans are unemployed.

上期活动答案:
1.        signs
2.        individuals
3.        thoughts
4.        exposed
5.        chose
6.        were separated into
7.        appeared to be
8.        sleep disruptions
9.        photosensitive cells
10.        stay up late


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感谢大家支持,上期活动链接:http://muchong.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=6419698&fpage=1

上期活动讲解

词汇讲解
1. depression n.萎靡不振,沮丧
例句:It can cause stress and depression.
这会导致压力和抑郁。

2. suicide n.自杀;自杀者
例句:Suicide didn't cross her mind.
她从来没有自杀的念头。

3. photosensitive adj.光敏的,感光的
例句:I'm sorry, you must be photosensitive.
我很抱歉,你一定是对光敏感.

4. appear vi.出现,显现
例句:It makes you appear confident and in control.
它会让你显得自信和易于控制。

5. depress vt.压下,压低
例句:That will further depress economic growth.
这将进一步削弱经济的增长。

6. exposure n.暴露;揭发
例句:Wear a hat to protect the head and face from sun exposure.
戴帽子则是保护头部和脸部在太阳下暴晒。

7. filter n.滤波器;滤光器
例句:You should at least boil it or use a filter.
你至少需要把水煮沸或者是过滤一下。


短语讲解:

1. The animals were separated into 4 groups.

separate into 分成(若干部分)
例句:The personnel be separate into part-timer and full-time staff.
全体职员分为兼职和专职两类。

2. "What we saw is these animals didn't show any sleep disruptions at all but they did have mucked up circadian clock genes and they did show depressive phenotypes whereas if they were in the dim red light, they did not."

mucke up 弄脏
例句:No need to muck up my seats!
不必弄脏我的座椅!

3. Mr Nelson has suggestions for people who work late at night, or those who like to stay up late.

stay up 不睡觉; 熬夜
例句:I can barely stay up to a normal adult hour, as it is.
我几乎不能像正常成年人那样熬夜。

4. My recommendation is if you are just living a typical mostly active [life] during the day, mostly inactive at night, you want to limit exposure to TVs which are quite bluish in the light they give off and computer screens and things like that.

give off 发出; 放出; 散发出
例句:When bacteria stagnate, they multiply and give off toxins and stinky odors.
当细菌停滞时,它们会繁殖并释放毒素和臭气。


Some colors that people see late at night could cause signs of the condition mental health experts call clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression.
人们深夜看到的一些颜色可能会导致精神卫生专家所说的抑郁症的迹象。这是基于早些研究发现的一项研究的结果。这些表明晚上在昏暗光线下生活或工作的人可能会导致临床抑郁症。

Doctors use the words clinical depression to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.
医生们使用临床抑郁症来形容严重的抑郁症。迹象可能包括,对大部分活动失去兴趣或乐趣,体能差,有死亡或自杀的想法。

In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.
在该新研究中,美国研究人员设计了一个实验,将仓鼠暴露于不同的颜色中。研究人员选择仓鼠是因为它们昼伏夜出,这意味着它们白天睡觉,而在夜间活动。

The animals were separated into 4 groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their nighttime period. Another group was placed in foldable blue light, a third group slept in foldable white light. While a fourth was put in foldable red light.
这些动物被分为4组。一组仓鼠在他们的夜晚时段被放置在黑暗中。另一组放在可折叠的蓝灯下,第三组睡在可折叠的白灯下。而第四组放在可折叠的红灯下。

After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the more depressed animals drank the least amount of water.
四个星期后,研究人员记录了仓鼠喝了多少糖水。他们发现,仓鼠越抑郁喝水越少。

Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed.
Randy Nelson负责俄亥俄州立大学神经科学系。他说,仓鼠睡在蓝灯和白灯下的似乎最为抑郁。

"What we saw is these animals didn't show any sleep disruptions at all but they did have mucked up circadian clock genes and they did show depressive phenotypes whereas if they were in the dim red light, they did not."
“我们看到这些仓鼠未表现出任何睡眠中断。但它们的生物钟基因已经被打乱了,并表现出抑郁症的迹象。但是如果在红灯下,他们就没有这些迹象。”

Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive cells in the retina, have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep-wake cycle.
Randy Nelson指出,视网膜上的感光细胞和视力关系不大。这些细胞将信号发送到控制自然睡眠-觉醒周期的大脑区域。

He says there's a lot of blue in white light, this explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters see red light or darkness.
他说,在白光中有很多蓝光,这也解释为什么蓝光和白光下的仓鼠比红光或黑暗中的仓鼠更为抑郁。

Mr Nelson has suggestions for people who work late at night, or those who like to stay up late.
Nelson先生对上夜班和喜欢熬夜的人有些建议。

"My recommendation is if you are just living a typical mostly active [life] during the day, mostly inactive at night, you want to limit exposure to TVs which are quite bluish in the light they give off and computer screens and things like that. You can get filtered glass, you can get filters on your computer screen and filters on your eReaders to put it more in the reddish light."
“我的建议是,如果你是典型的白天活动,晚上休息,你想减少暴露在发出蓝色光的电视、电脑屏幕和类似的东西下,你可以戴过滤镜,或者在您的电子阅读器或电脑屏幕上安装过滤器,使它们更偏于红光。”
人生最曼妙的风景,是内心的淡定与从容。
2楼2013-10-12 12:17:38
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求知者001: 金币+9, 听力奖励,感谢参与~ 2013-10-16 18:46:36
小板凳瓜子花生啤酒,占个座
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4楼2013-10-12 12:19:36
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引用回帖:
4楼: Originally posted by 阿飞1990乖乖 at 2013-10-12 12:19:36
小板凳瓜子花生啤酒,占个座

我喜欢啤酒配烧烤~
人生最曼妙的风景,是内心的淡定与从容。
5楼2013-10-12 12:21:05
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