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DOI: 10.1126/science.1158899, 1457 (2008); 321 Science
Solid-state energy conversion has great ap-
peal in terms of its simplicity as compared with
systems that must compress and expand a two-
phase (gas/liquid) working fluid. However, ex-
cept in a limited number of cases, the operational
efficiencies of TE systems have fallen short of the
targets needed for them to be used broadly.
Nevertheless, several commercial uses have been
realized, including thermal cycles for DNA syn-
thesizers, car seat cooler/heaters, laser diode cool-
ers, and certain low-wattage power generators.
Successful applications have capitalized on the
small size of these devices, their robustness in
demanding environments, or their rapid response
time. |
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