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[求助]
有关凝胶过滤的一小段英语,求大师帮忙。
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(1)Poor resolution Cause: Bed not well packed Recommended change: Check the efficiency. Re-pack if necessary. Always check the efficiency of a new column, especially one that has been packed in the lab, before using it for critical applications. Cause: Bed contaminated with lipids, denatured protein etc. Recommended change: Clean the column as recommended. If the column is used with rather crude samples there is always as risk that contaminants will build up. Protocols for cleaning columns are usually given in the instructions supplied with the column or gel medium. Poor yields Cause: Bed contaminated with lipids, denatured protein etc. Recommended change: Clean the column as recommended. Tip: Prevent microbial growth by running eluent slowly through the column when it is not being used. If the column will be out of use for more than a few days, clean it well and keep it in a refrigerator or cold room. Cause: Ionic aggregates and complexes due to carbohydrate chains (glycoproteins). Recommended change: Include 150mM NaCl or up to 10% betaine in buffer. Cause: Complexes associated via SH-groups. Recommended change: Add reducing agent (e.g. DTT) to buffer. Cause: Hydrophobic aggregates. Recommended change: Add 10-20% ethanol or other organic solvents to buffer. Cause: Gel filtration of micelles/protein aggregates. Recommended change: Decrease buffer detergent concentration until below CMC or use a different detergent (stay below its CMC).Remember to check that your sample and your column are stable in the buffer before using special additives to aid solubilisation. Cause: Digestion by proteases. Recommended Change: Add protease inhibitors to buffer. Cause: Hydrophobic adsorption. Recommended Change: Add 10-20% ethanol or other organic solvents to buffer or decrease salt concentration in high ionic strength buffer. Cause: Ionic adsorption due to negatively charged groups on the support (Carboxyl-, Sulphate-) and positively charged groups on sample molecules. Recommended Change: Include 150mM NaCl (or other salt) in buffer. TIP: Be sure that your sample is stable in the buffer additive prior to use. Some additives recommended here may denature or otherwise inactivate a protein. TIP: Be sure your column and system are stable in the buffer additive prior to use. |
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【答案】应助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
阿凡的小开: 金币+10, 翻译EPI+1, ★★★很有帮助, 还行吧,谢谢 2013-07-18 17:52:05
阿凡的小开: 金币+10, 翻译EPI+1, ★★★很有帮助, 还行吧,谢谢 2013-07-18 17:52:05
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(1)低分辨率 原因:床未填充好 推荐改变:检测效率,充填(如需)。 总是检测新柱的效率,尤其是在实验室填充的柱,在重要应用使用前要检测。 原因:床被脂类、变质蛋白质等污染。 推荐改变:清理柱如推荐所示。 如果柱中用了非常粗(纯度低)的样品,那么被污染的风险就会很高。柱或凝胶介质的说明中通常给出 了清理柱的介绍协议。 (2)低产率 原因:床被脂类或变形蛋白等污染。 推荐改变:清理柱如推荐所示。 提示:柱使不使用时,缓慢的进(通入/运行)洗涤液来组织微生物生长。如果柱要隔好多天才用,要 把它洗净点,保存在冰箱或冷室内。 原因:碳水化合物(糖蛋白)导致的离子聚合物和复合物。 推荐变化:想缓冲液中注入150mM的氯化钠或高达10%的三甲铵乙内酯。 原因:通过SH-群结合的复合物 推荐变化:增加还原剂(DTT等)到缓冲液中。 原因:疏水性聚合物 推荐变化:增加10%到20%乙醇或其他有机溶剂到缓冲器中。 原因:微胶粒或蛋白聚合物的凝胶过滤。 推荐变化:降低缓冲液中清洁剂浓度,直到低于CMC或使用不同清洁剂(扔停留低于它的CMC)。在使用特定添加剂来增加溶液化前,记得检查缓冲溶液中的样品和你的柱在缓冲器前稳定性。 原因:蛋白酶消化 推荐变化:向缓冲液中增加蛋白酶抑制剂。 原因:疏水性吸附 推荐改变:在高例子强度缓冲器中,增加10%-20%乙醇或其他有机溶剂到缓冲器中,或减少盐浓度。 原因:基体上(羧基-,硫酸盐-)的负电荷群和样品分子上的正电荷导致的离子吸附。 推荐改变:向缓冲液中加入150mM氯化钠或其他盐。 提示:确定你的样品在使用前在缓冲液添加剂中是稳定的。一些推荐的添加剂可能会变性或使一个蛋白质失活。 提示:确定你的柱和系统在使用前在缓冲液添加剂中是稳定的。 金币太少 |
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