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哟哟william木虫 (小有名气)
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To understand the reason for the superior electrochemical performance of the sulfur–carbon composite synthesized by the in situ sulfur-deposition route, EIS measurements were carried out with the coin cells. The Nyquist profiles of the pure sulfur and sulfur–carbon composite cathodes and the equivalent circuits are shown in Fig. 8. Re refers to the resistance of electrolyte, Rct refers to the charge transfer resistance between the interfaces of carbon/ sulfur/electrolyte, Wo refers to the Warburg impedance, and CPE refers to the constant phase element [23]. The resistance of electrolyte was estimated from the intersection of the front end of semicircles with the Z axis, which is similar for both the cathodes. The diameter of the impedance semicircles is related to the charge transfer resistance, which is a measure of the difficulty involved for charges crossing the boundary between the electrode and electrolyte. Before cycling, the sulfur–carbon composite cathode has a slightly lower charge transfer resistance value than the pure sulfur cathode, which is expected considering its higher first discharge capacity compared to that of the pure sulfur cathode. The close contact between the conductive carbon black and the insulating sulfur lowers the resistance for electrons transferring across the interface between them. In the subsequent cycles (1st, 25th, and 50th), the charge-transfer resistance of the pure sulfur cathode grows much larger than that found with the sulfur–carbon composite cathode. The main reason for this is the porous structure of the cycled pure sulfur cathode. Electrons passing across the boundary between conductive carbon and active material are impeded by the irreversible formation of the Li2S layer in the pores [10]. The EIS measurements thus reveal that the sulfur–carbon composite cathode exhibits better electronic conductivity and lithium-ion transport than the pure sulfur cathode due to the stable network structure of carbon black wrapping around the sulfur. The impedance of the sulfur–carbon composite after 50th cycles does not increase much, suggesting that the network structure maintains its integrity during the cycling process. |
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哟哟william
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8楼2013-04-26 22:43:29
ruiyuan121
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哟哟william2楼2013-04-26 22:04:33
哟哟william
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3楼2013-04-26 22:05:21
ruiyuan121
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4楼2013-04-26 22:11:12
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