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当前对于教育均衡发展的问题，主要是从教育学的角度出发，希望从教育资源的公平配置上均衡教育的发展，而却忽视了教育的基地是学校，而中小学校是服务于特定范围内特定人群的主体，学校的合理布局对教育均衡发展有着重要的意义。因此，本文从城市规划学、教育学、人口学等多种学科交叉的角度对城市中小学布局调整规划进行研究，用人口学的方式对学龄人口进行科学预测、从教育学的角度对优质教育资源进行合并、从城市规划学的角度对中小学校的空间布局在现状研究的基础上进行调整，希望能在教育事业均衡发展的道路上起到一定的作用，减轻“上学难”、“上学贵”给人们造成的负担。 本文以西安市碑林区为例，对碑林区中小学布局存在的问题及规划方法加以研究。首先，在绪论中分析了我国人口变化历程、基础教育事业发展历程、中小学校规划建设发展历程，发现我国城区中小学布局存在的主要问题。通过对国内外中小学布局调整的研究，总结出相关理论和经验，从中汲取对碑林区中小学布局调整规划有借鉴和启示作用的相关理论和经验。其次，对碑林区现状及未来发展趋势进行研究，从城市规划学的角度分析介绍碑林区现状基本情况，对西安市的相关规划进行研究，预测碑林区未来总体发展趋势。最后，对碑林区中小学布局情况通过采访与发放问卷的形式对不同的对象进行调研，科学分析调研数据，发现碑林区现状中小学布局存在的主要问题。 在深入客观了解碑林区中小学布局现状的基础上，对布局调整规划方法进行研究，主要包括了四个方面的内容：一是对碑林区 中小学布局调整规划原则的研究；二是人口学与城市规划学相结合的学龄人口预测方法研究；三是中小学布局规划标准研究；四是中小学学区划分研究。通过以上研究结合碑林区现状，笔者提出了碑林区中小学布局调整规划的四点策略和四种方式，“四策略”即（1）合并一些规模小、办学条件差、质量效益低的学校；（2） 一些完全中学进行初高中分离，或者采取“减初增高”的办法，给高中腾出一些发展空间；（3） 通过资产重组、土地置换等市场机制方式，对现有学校进行改造。（4） 旧学校的改造。“四方式”即合并、扩建、缩小规模和撤销四种方式。通过对中小学校布局调整，整合教育资源，促进教育的均衡发展。 基于以上研究，本文总结出了一套对于用地严重紧张、教育办学条件不能与稳步攀升的教育质量相协调发展的老城区中小学布局调整的近期与远期相结合、弹性与刚性相区别的动态布局规划调整方法。使老城区的空间结构在不断变换、人口适当向外迁出的现实情况下，中小学布局与之协调发展，从长远意义上实现教育的均衡发展，消除择校现行，解决“上学难”、“上学贵”的问题。 [ Last edited by rockkos on 2013-4-3 at 01:11 ] |
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rockkos: 金币+300, 翻译EPI+1 2013-04-03 08:52:28
rockkos: 金币+300, 翻译EPI+1 2013-04-03 08:52:28
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The current balanced development of education problems mainly embarks from the perspective of education development, focus more on balanced education development under fair allocation of education resources, while neglected that school is the base of the education, and the school is the main service to a particular group of people in a specific range, cauce to reasonable layout of the school development on the educational equilibrium is of great significent. Therefore, the layout adjustment planning of middle and primary school were studied concerned about pedagogy space on city planning,education and demography. The school-aged population were scitifical predicted by manners of demography, the excellent education resources were merged concerned about education,, and city space planning of middle and primary school were adjusted based on the present research progress concerned about city planning. So, this paper was predicted to play a certain role in the education development balanced on the road to decrease the burden of "difficult to go to school" and"expensive to school”. This paper study the existing problems in layout and planning method of primary and middle school in Beilin district by taking Beilin District in Xi'an as an example. First of all, population changeing history, basic education development and construction process of development planning of primary and secondly schools in China were analyzed in introduction, and the existing main problems in China's urban areas of the layout of primary and secondary schools were found out. Through the research of domestic and oversea schools layout adjustment, the relevant theory and experience were summarized and relevant theories and experiences with reference and Enlightenmen concerned about planning adjustment of middle and primary school layout were draw out. Secondly, the layout adjustment and planning methods were studied based on further and objective understanding of the layout of primary and Middle School within area of Beilin District. The current situation and future development trend of Beilin district were studied, the basic situation of Beilin District status were analyzed from the city planning perspective aspect, the relevant planning of Xi'an City werestudied, and the trend of development of future overall were predicts. Finally, different objects were compared through interviews and questionnaires to middle and primary school layout of Beilin, the four strategie for soving existing main problems were put forward in middle and primary school layout of Beilindistrict accoring to data analysis scientically. (1) merge some schools with small scale,poor school conditions and low quality and efficiency; (2) set aside some space for development by separating junior and senior high school, or taking "early reduction increased" approach.l (3) reconstruct the existing school. through the reorganization of assets, land replacement market mechanism. (4) the transformation of the old school. "The four way" is the merger, expansion, downsizing and revocation in four ways. The balanced development of education can be promote through the adjustment of the layout of primary and middle schools, integration of educational resources,. Based on the above research, the paper summarizes the dynamic layout adjustment method about combing short-term with long-term and elastic difference from rigid phase for old city of serious tension of land and uncoordinated development between steadily rising education quality and ducation condition. The primary and secondary schools keep coordinated developing under the real situation of changing of the spatial structure and proper population outward emigration from the old city. So, the balanced development of education from a long-term sense can be realize to eliminate the phenominar of choosing school and solve the problems of too difficult and too expensive to go to school. |
2楼2013-04-03 05:51:04