| 查看: 9636 | 回复: 42 | |||||
| 当前只显示满足指定条件的回帖，点击这里查看本话题的所有回帖 | |||||
xiejf专家顾问 (文学泰斗)
麦麦爸爸爱小牛
|
[交流]
锂电大牛John B. Goodenough在JACS上的前瞻性综述：可充电锂离子电池 已有42人参与
|
||||
|
新出炉的J. Am. Chem. Soc.上刊发了锂电大牛John B. Goodenough撰写的前瞻性综述，题目为The Li-ion Rechargeable Battery: A Perspective。作为几种经典锂电电极材料的发明者，Goodenough工作的重要性不言而喻，本文为Goodenough的第一作者文章，对可充电锂离子电池的现状和未来做了总结。 Abstract Abstract Each cell of a battery stores electrical energy as chemical energy in two electrodes, a reductant (anode) and an oxidant (cathode), separated by an electrolyte that transfers the ionic component of the chemical reaction inside the cell and forces the electronic component outside the battery. The output on discharge is an external electronic current I at a voltage V for a time Δt. The chemical reaction of a rechargeable battery must be reversible on the application of a charging I and V. Critical parameters of a rechargeable battery are safety, the density of energy that can be stored at a specific power input and retrieved at a specific power output, the cycle and shelf life, the storage efficiency, and the cost of fabrication. Conventional ambient-temperature rechargeable batteries have solid electrodes and a liquid electrolyte. The positive electrode (cathode) consists of a host framework into which the mobile (working) cation is inserted reversibly over a finite solid-solution range. The solid-solution range, which is reduced at higher current by the rate of transfer of the working ion across electrode/electrolyte interfaces and within a host, limits the amount of charge per electrode formula unit that can be transferred over the time Δt = Δt(I). Moreover, the difference between the energies of the LUMO and the HOMO of the electrolyte, i.e. the electrolyte window, determines the maximum voltage for a long shelf and cycle life. The maximum stable voltage with an aqueous electrolyte is 1.5 V; the Li-ion rechargeable battery uses an organic electrolyte with a larger window, which increase the density of stored energy for a given Δt. Anode or cathode electrochemical potentials outside the electrolyte window can increase V, but they require formation of a passivating surface layer that must be permeable to Li+ and capable of adapting rapidly to the changing electrode surface area as the electrode changes volume during cycling. A passivating surface layer adds to the impedance of the Li+ transfer across the electrode/electrolyte interface and lowers the cycle life of a battery cell. Moreover, formation of a passivation layer on the anode robs Li from the cathode irreversibly on an initial charge, further lowering the reversible Δt. These problems plus the cost of quality control of manufacturing plague development of Li-ion rechargeable batteries that can compete with the internal combustion engine for powering electric cars and that can provide the needed low-cost storage of electrical energy generated by renewable wind and/or solar energy. Chemists are contributing to incremental improvements of the conventional strategy by (1) investigating and controlling electrode passivation layers, (2) improving the rate of Li+ transfer across electrode/electrolyte interfaces, (3) identifying electrolytes with larger windows while retaining a Li+ conductivity σLi > 10-3 S cm-1, (4) synthesizing electrode morphologies that reduce the size of the active particles while pinning them on current collectors of large surface area accessible by the electrolyte, (5) lowering the cost of cell fabrication, (6) designing displacement-reaction anodes of higher capacity that allow a safe, fast charge, (7) designing alternative cathode hosts. However, new strategies are needed for batteries that go beyond powering hand-held devices. These strategies include (1) the use of electrode hosts with two-electron redox centers, (2) replacing the cathode hosts (a) by materials undergoing displacement reactions, e.g. sulfur, (b) by liquid cathodes that may contain flow-through redox molecules, (c) by catalysts for air cathodes, and /or (3) by the development of a Li+ solid electrolyte separator membrane that allows an organic and aqueous liquid electrolyte on the anode and cathode sides, respectively. Opportunities exist for the chemist to bring together oxide and polymer or graphene chemistry in imaginative morphologies. /  1.JPG [ 来自科研家族 材料家族 ] |
回复此楼» 本帖附件资源列表
-
欢迎监督和反馈：小木虫仅提供交流平台，不对该内容负责。
本内容由用户自主发布，如果其内容涉及到知识产权问题，其责任在于用户本人，如对版权有异议，请联系邮箱：xiaomuchong@tal.com - 附件 1 : TheLi-ionRechargeableBattery：APerspective.pdf
2013-01-14 17:08:24, 1.18 M
» 本帖已获得的红花（最新10朵）
wangf808» 猜你喜欢
Renlab@monash全奖博士机会，最后三天！
已经有0人回复
-
今年面上没有消息，想来是没了，散个金攒攒人品，为明年祈福
已经有698人回复
-
物理化学论文润色/翻译怎么收费?
已经有245人回复
-
合肥工业大学854仪器技术综合专业课考研
已经有0人回复
-
27年电化学博士毕业，想找海外QS前50的高校读博后求推荐
已经有3人回复
-
27年电池/材料类博士申请
已经有2人回复
-
2027年博士申请或转博科研助理 求推荐
已经有1人回复
-
请问谁有2025最新影响因子Excel表？金币求助！
已经有23人回复
-
氯化钠与有机磺酸分离
已经有0人回复
» 本主题相关商家推荐: (我也要在这里推广)
wangf808
金虫 (正式写手)
- 应助: 1 (幼儿园)
- 金币: 1947.6
- 散金: 66
- 红花: 8
- 帖子: 458
- 在线: 225.1小时
- 虫号: 634589
- 注册: 2008-10-23
- 专业: 电化学
18楼2013-01-16 10:37:41
admire1475
铁杆木虫 (正式写手)
知天命的孩子
- 应助: 138 (高中生)
- 金币: 5507.2
- 散金: 11
- 红花: 10
- 帖子: 884
- 在线: 166小时
- 虫号: 466680
- 注册: 2007-11-24
- 性别: GG
- 专业: 无机非金属基复合材料
3楼2013-01-14 19:19:06
塞上孤烟
木虫 (小有名气)
- 应助: 17 (小学生)
- 金币: 1692.5
- 散金: 20
- 红花: 9
- 帖子: 118
- 在线: 52.9小时
- 虫号: 1497404
- 注册: 2011-11-18
- 性别: GG
- 专业: 电化学
非常感谢 9楼2013-01-15 11:09:45
10楼2013-01-15 17:23:35
