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junfeng80

金虫 (小有名气)

[交流] 请问Cummins,Inc. and NREL 是什么意思

请问Fang, H.; McCormick, R. L. Spectroscopic study of biodiesel degradation pathways.(Cummins,inc, and NERL) SAE Techn. Pap. No. 2006-01-3300.

中的Cummins,inc, and NERL表示什么意思,是代表公司还是什么?请高手指点
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witkey

金虫 (小有名气)

Cummins,inc 和 NERL 如下解释,一个研究机构,一个公司吧

the National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL)

Cummins Inc., a global power leader, is a corporation of complementary business units that design, manufacture, distribute and service engines and related technologies, including fuel systems, controls, air handling, filtration, emission solutions and electrical power generation systems. Headquartered in Columbus, Indiana (USA), Cummins serves customers in more than 160 countries through its network of 550 company-owned and independent distributor facilities and more than 5,000 dealer locations. Cummins reported net income of $715 million on sales of $11.4 billion in 2006.

[ Last edited by witkey on 2007-7-3 at 09:58 ]
2楼2007-07-03 09:40:14
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cn_wx

木虫 (正式写手)

★ ★ ★
junfeng80(金币+3):谢谢
应该是作者工作单位的简写,见全文摘要:

SAE Technical Papers
Title: Spectroscopic Study of Biodiesel Degradation Pathways
Document Number: 2006-01-3300

Author(s):
Howard L. Fang - Cummins Engine Tech. Center
Robert L. McCormick - National Renewable Energy Laboratory


Abstract:
Oxidative degradation of biodiesel under accelerated conditions has been examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gravimetric measurement of deposit formation. The formation of gums and deposits caused by oxidation in storage or in an engine fuel system is a significant issue because of the potential for fuel pump and injector fouling. The results of this study indicate several important pathways for degradation and two pathways leading to formation of oligomers and, ultimately, deposits. Peroxides formed in the initial stage of oxidation can decompose to form aldehydes, ketones, and acids. These can react further in aldol condensation to form oligomers. Additionally, peroxides can react with fatty acid chains to form dimers and higher oligomers. Deposits form when the polarity and molecular weight of these oligomers is high enough. An antagonistic effect on deposit formation is observed for ultra-low sulfur diesel-(ULSD) biodiesel blends because of the lower polarity of ULSD relative to higher sulfur grades of diesel. Additionally, methyl esters can decompose by hydrolysis, reverse transesterification through reaction with glycerin and glycerides, and other related mechanisms. The use of antioxidants at the point of manufacture to prevent formation of hydroperoxides is recommended.

File Size: 236K
Product Status: In Stock
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3楼2007-07-03 09:51:46
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金不换001

铜虫 (小有名气)

Cummins Inc : 康明斯公司
NERL : 涅尔利(EPA的国家风险研究实验室)
EPA : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
小工人一个
4楼2007-07-03 10:47:17
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chuanliang888

木虫 (正式写手)

Cummins Inc : 在柴油发动机制造方面处于领先地位的康明斯股份有限公司
NERL : 涅尔利(美国环保署的国家风险研究实验室)
EPA : 美国环保署
5楼2007-07-03 15:40:20
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