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Medical Terminology
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The vocabulary of scientific medicine is built from these units. I believe this is the most complete list that you will find, either in a book or on the internet. It's yours now. If you distribute it more-or-less-as-is, please be sure to mention me as compiler. Most come from classical Greek. The next most common source is Latin. =============================================== Stems acanth spine, prickle aceto vinegar acou hear acro extremity, tip, sharp actin ray, beam acu sharp, abrupt, sudden adeno gland adipo fat aero air (a)esth perception agogue leader agon contest, struggle ala wing alb white algo pain alien stranger, strange allelo one another, mutual amauros blind am(o)eb constantly changing ambi/amph both sides ambly dim, faint amnio amnion, "bowl" amylo starch andro male angio vessel (blood, bile) ankyl bent, crooked; a joint locked in one position annulus little ring anser goose anthem flower anthrac black anthro man / human aort aorta aphro froth, sexual love aqu water arachn spider, spiderweb archo ancient, beginning argy silver, shiny artero artery (as opposed to vein) arthro joint artic little joint asthm panting, short breaths athero gruel atri entry chamber axilla armpit axo center, axis aud hear aur hear aus hear auto self aux make grow azo nitrogen bac(t) rod ball throw balano acorn, glans blast sprout blenno snot bleph eyelid bol throw brachi arm brady slow branch gill bronch bronchus bucc cheek (inside) burs bursa, purse caes cut deep c(h)ord notochord c(o)ele rupture carpo wrist calci limestone calco heel, spur calyc cup campy bend canc crab capo head, expanded part centr center carbo charcoal, carbon carcin crab carcinoma cancer from epithelium card heart, heart-shape carot great neck arteries carpo wrist caus burn centesis puncture centr center cep(h) head, expanded part cephal head cept seize, take cereb(r) brain cervic neck ch(e)ir hand chemo chemistry chlor light green chol(e) bile chondr cartilage; grain chorea dance chori chorionic membrane chrom color chron time, long time chyle digested food juice cide killing, "falling" cise cut deep cili eyelash cion uvula clast break claustr barrier cleido collarbone, key clino bed clivus slope coagul coagulate, clot coccus berry coccyx cuckoo, cuckoo bill collic hill collo glue collus neck conios dust cond hard knob core dolly, pupil (of eye) cori leather corn horn cox(a) hip corp physical body cre(s)c grow cribi sieve crine secretion ("separation"  cubit elbow cubo lay down cule little culpo vagina cuneo wedge cutis skin cyan dark blue cycl circle, wheel cysto urinary bladder cyto cell dacr tear (from the eye) dacty finger demos people dens tooth dent tooth derm skin desm harden, bind together desis binding desmo hard dextro right-sided diadocho succeed, take over didym twin digi(t) finger, toe diphth leathery membrane docho cup, container drepan sickle dromo running a race; course duc, duct lead, guide dynia pain echin spiny echo echo ectasia dilatation edem(a) excess tissue fluid embol bottle stopper embryo embryo, fetus em(ia) blood enceph brain enchyme filling, installation entero intestine ergo work erythro red esthesia perception f(a)eco feces, refuse fac make, build, do, perform facie face, countenance, looks fasc bundle, fascia fec make, build, do, perform fer carrying, bearing fibr fibrous fic make, build, do, perform fis, fid split, cleave, divide fistula pipe flagel whip flav yellow flat blow flect bend flex bend fora/foro make a hole fornic arch fract break into pieces frag break into pieces fring break into pieces fuge flee fun melt, pour fus melt, pour gala(k) milk gam(y) marry gangl knot gangr gangrene, gnawing sore galact milk gastr stomach, belly gemin twin gen become, beget, produce genesis origin genu knee ger old age gest bring forth, produce glans acorn gleno shoulder gli(o) glial cells, literally "glue" glob sphere, ball, round body glomer tuft gloss tongue glute buttocks gnatho jaw gnosis know gogue lead gono offspring, product, seed, semen gonio angle gracile slender gram record gran grain graph writing, scratching gryph claw gynec female (h)(a)em blood habeo to hold, habit, general state of halluc big toe helic spiral helm worm hermaphro male and female in one body hepat liver hernia rupture, hernia hidr sweat hippo horse histo tissue, web, cloth hy(a)l glass, primitive material hydatid water drop hydro water hypno sleep hystero uterus iatric healing iatro physician ichth fish idio self, personal, private inguin part of body from groin to hip insul island irid rainbow, bright-color circle ischi hip joint islet island ject throw, hurl jejun hungry junc join together jug join together jux join together karyo nucleus kera horny kern kernel, deep brain kerato skin surface, cornea, horn kine set in motion kyn dog lachry tear (from the eye) labio lip lacto milk lal babble, talk latero side lecith egg yolk leiomyo smooth muscle lein spleen lens lentil lepros rough and rotting off lepto thin, fine, slender leuco white levo left-sided liga(t) bind together, bandage ling tongue lith stone lumbo lower back, loin lumbri earthworm lumen the tube down a hollow organ lymph "clear fresh water" lysis breaking down malar cheek (outside) mal(i) abnormal, bad malacia soft malako soft malleo hammer medi middle portion medulla soft inner part meli sweet mere part manu hand mara wither mast(i) whip, flog, beat mast(o) breast mea passage meatus external opening meios lessening melano black melia limb mening meninges men(i)s moon, month ment mind, chin meter measure metro uterus mito thread mnem memory mnes memory mob move morb sick morph shapes, dreams mot move mur(al) wall musc mouse, muscle myc(o) fungus myelo soft, pith myi fly (insect) myo muscle myxo/muco slime narco sleep naso nose necro dead nephelo cloud nephr kidney nerv nerve neuro nerve nos, nox nasty, sickening nous mind, spirit nyct night occiput back of the head ocul eye (h)odo way, path, road odon tooth odyn pain olfact smell oma tumor/lump omen(t) omentum omphalo belly button on(e/t) to be onco tumor, mass onycho nail (finger/toe) o?/b> egg o攑hor ovary op eye, see, etc. ophth eye opio poppy juice opsi late opson relish, meat seasoning orbi wheel orch testis org work oro mouth ortho straight os bone, mouth osm smell ost(eo) bone ot(o) ear ovin sheep oxy oxygen, acid p(a)ed child palpebr eyelid pannus cloth, rag pap nipple par(i)t have a baby parietal wall partheno virgin partum birth patho disease, misery pect chest pelvis basin pes/ped foot phage eat phakos lentil, lens of the eye pharmako sorcery, poison, drug phase phase pheo ugly, dusky phero carry, bear philo like, love phlebo vein phleg flame phoco seal (the animal) phoro carry, bear phos/phot light phragm divide into two, wall off phren mind, breath phth waste away, wither phyllo leaf-like physio nature phyte a plant pineo pine cone pinna feather pino drink pisi pea pituit snot placent cake, placenta plak cake plantar sole of the foot plasm molded plast molded platy flat plegia stroke, paralysis pleur pleura ("side of ribs" plex braid, wind together plexy stroke plic braid, wind together pn(e) breath pod(o) foot poie(sis) making polio gray; gray matter of the nervous system pollic thumb pomp precede, parade porph purple porta door posthe foreskin prac done prag done prax done pre/pro before procto rectum pron(o) prone, face down proto first pseud false psyche spirit, mind psychr cold, frigid pter wing pto droop pty(alo) spit pulmo lung punct prick, little spot pupa doll, miniature figure purp purple pyelo vat, basin, pelvis pykno shrivelled pyo pus p(u/y)ri pear pyr(o) fever (cognate to "fire" radi rod r(h)ach backbone re(i)n kidney ret(ic) net rhabdo striated muscle rhaph sew together rheo flow rheum runny stuff rhino nose riso smile rrha(g) discharge from a burst vessel rub(r) red sacc sack sacch(ar) sugar salpinx trumpet, oviduct sang(ui) blood sapro dead sarc(o) flesh sarcoma cancer from connective tissue or muscle scato feces, filth scapho boat schi(s/z) split sclero hard scope examine carefully sebo hard fat, skin grease, suet sec/seg cut sella saddle seps/sept make rotten septo fence, partition sero whey, wet protein sial saliva sinus hollow or pocket skel dried up, skeleton soma/somy body spasmo a drawing tight spondylo spine sphinct bind tight, squeeze shut sphygno heartbeat spir breathing splanchn innards staphyl bunch of grapes stasis standing up, being stable stat stop statio standing up, being stable staxis drip, drop stem standing up, being stable steato fat sterco feces sthen strength stigm spot stole to pull, to draw stom(a) mouth stomy mouth strepto wavy stylo stylus sudo sweat sulco plowed furrow syring pipe, tube, reed tachy fast, swift tact touch tainia band, tapeworm talo ankle tasis stretch tarso flat plate taxo arrangement, put in order telo the tip, the end temporal temple ten(d)o stretch, tendon terato monster theca box (sheath, covering) thel breast, covering layer thenar palm, sole thym mind, spirit, mood thym warty mass, thymus gland thyro oblong shield toco have a baby tom(e) cut tono stretch topo place tort twist tox(o) bow, arrow, poisoned arrow trema hole tricho hair trophy grow/food tryps break into many pieces, crush tuber bump, potato(e) typho smoky, delirious fever typhl cecum unguis nail (finger, toe) uro urine uvo grape vacc cow vago wanderer valgus turned outward varus turned inward vaso blood vessel velo veil, curtain, cover vener sexual acts, lusty veno vein (as opposed to artery) vert turn vesico bladder viscero innards volv turn around, twist around xantho yellow xeno stranger xero dry z(a)o to live zo?/b> animals zema boiled zygo yoke zyme ferment Prefixes a(d)- towards a(n)- without ab- from ab(s)- away from ad- towards allo- other, another ambi- both amphi- on both sides, around ana- up to, back, again, movement from aniso- different, unequal ante- before, forwards anti- against, opposite ap-, apo- from, back, again bi(s)- twice, double bio- life brachy- short cata- down circum- around con- together contra- against cyte- cell de- from, away from, down from deca- ten di(s)- two dia- through, complete di(a)s separation diplo- double dolicho- long dur- hard, firm dys- bad, abnormal e-, ec- out, from out of ecto- outside, external ek- out em- in en- into endo- into ent- within epi- on, up, against, high eso- I will carry eu- well, abundant, prosperous eury- broad, wide ex-, exo- out, from out of extra- outside, beyond, in addition haplo- single hapto- bind to hemi- half hept- seven hetero- different hex- six homo- same hyper- above, excessive hypo- below, deficient im-, in- not in- into, to infra- below, underneath inter- among, between intra- within, inside, during intro- inward, during iso- equal,same juxta- adjacent to kata- down, down from macro- large magno- large medi- middle mega- large megalo- very large meso- middle meta- beyond, between micro- small neo- new non- not ob- before, against octa- eight octo- eight oligo- few pachy- thick pan- all para- beside, to the side of, wrong pent- five per- by, through, throughout peri- around, round-about pleo- more than usual poly many post- behind, after pre- before, in front, very pros- besides prox- besides pseudo- false, fake quar(t)- four re, red- back, again retro- backwards, behind semi- half sex- six sept- seven sub- under, beneath super- above, in addition, over supra- above, on the upper side syn- together, with sys- together, with tetra- four thio- sulfur trans- across, beyond tri- three uni- one ultra- beyond, besides, over Suffixes -ase fermenter -ate do -cide killer -c(o)ele cavity, hollow -ectomy removal of, cut out -form shaped like -ia got -iasis full of -ile little version -illa little version -illus little version -in stuff -ism theory, characteristic of -itis inflammation -ity makes a noun of quality -ium thing -ize do -logy study of, reasoning about -megaly large -noid mind, spirit -oid resembling, image of -ogen precursor -ol(e) alcohol -ole little version -oma tumor (usually) -osis full of -ostomy "mouth-cut" -pathy disease of, suffering -penia lack -pexy fix in place -plasty re-shaping -philia affection for -rhage burst out -rhea discharge, flowing out -rhexis shredding -pagus Siamese twins -sis idea (makes a noun, typically abstract) -thrix hair -tomy cut -ule little version -um thing (makes a noun, typically concrete) |
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