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A continuous-flow bubble column reactor for biodiesel production by non-catalytic transesterification of triglycerides has been developde.The principle of a bubble column reactor for transesterification is similar to reactive distillation,where the reaction products in the gas phase are continuously removed from the reactive zone,while oil,as the reactant,is retained in the reactive zone(liquid phase).A dedicated laboratory-scale continuous-floe bubble column reactor,with a predetermined 200ml liquid volume of palm oil in the reactor ,has been used for this study.In this study,the effects of the methanol feed flow rates(1.5,3.0,and6.0ml/min) and reaction temperatures (250,270,and 290℃) on the biodiesel productivity increased with MeOH feed flow rate and reaction temperature correspondingly.On the other hand, the purity of the methyl ester in the biodiesel product decreased. Bubble column reactors(BCRs) have been widely used for conducting gas-liquid reactions in numerous industrial applications.However,utilization of BCR for biodiesel production has only been reported by Yamazaki et al.[1]and Joelianingsih et al.[2,3].Those reports showed that the BCR can be used for catalysr-free biodiesel production at atmospheric pressure.The reaction wad carried out in semi-batch mode,where bubbles of superheated methanol(MeOH) vapor were continuously blown into the oil-containing teactor.The advantage of this method is that it requires no catalyst ,and thereby transesterification of oils with high free fatty acid content can be accomplished without prior treatments.Joelianingsih et al.[2]studied the effect of reaction temperatures(250,270 and 290℃)on the rate constant,conversion of reaction , yield of biodiesel andmethyl esters(MEs)content in the biodiesel product on the kinetics of the non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil at atmospheric pressure.For larger capacity commercial production, a continuous transesterification processes are preferrde over batch processes due to the requirement of consistent product quality and low capital and operation costs per unit of product. |
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