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In the last section, two different EC models were introduced. First, a simple model based on an EC of three RC-elements and second a more complex model based on Zarc and Warburg elements. The parameters of both ECs were estimated by a fitting for a large number of measured impedance spectra. It was shown that the simple EC was not able to reproduce the measured data even with optimized parameters sufficiently. In opposite, the more advanced EC was reproducing the spectra very accurate. Since for Zarc as well as Warburg elements no Laplace transformation exists, approximations were derived. These gained ECs were implemented in cell models. Afterwards both models were validated against different experimental data as cell characterization tests, test cycles and drive cycle. All validations showed that both models predict cell voltage very precisely. Although the simple EC was not able to reproduce the impedance curves, voltage was predicted with a high quality. Comparisons of both models evidenced an up to 20% higher mean error for the simple model by a minimum doubled computation speed. However, also the mean error for this model is just in the range of a few mV. Therefore it can be concluded that the impedance fitting plays a role for the simulation quality, but the influence is just small and voltage can also be predicted accurately by simple EC models. To sum up, both EC models allow a very precisely prediction of battery voltage and battery performance. Thus it is possible to use these battery models for simulations of e.g. consumption, vehicle range, cooling requirement and battery lifetime prognosis. |
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8814402
至尊木虫 (职业作家)
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2楼2012-05-14 10:53:02
8814402
至尊木虫 (职业作家)
- 翻译EPI: 509
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3楼2012-05-14 11:00:33
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