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The most common sample clean-ups are: filtration of the wine [6], [10] and [22] (separation column is preceded generally by a guard column), liquid¨Cliquid extraction [2], [8], [11] and [14] (the extracts are generally dried and evaporated to dryness for concentration), solid extraction [2], [5], [13], [20], [21], [22], [23] and [25] or lixiviation followed by liquid¨Cliquid extraction or solid extraction [3], [12], [14] and [15] in solid samples. Studies have been done on the supercritical fluid extraction of polyphenolic compounds on spiked inert matrices [27]; the modifier was ethyl acetate or methanol (30%), the extraction temperature was 35¡ãC, and the dynamic extraction time was 15 min. In another study [28], the CO2 was modified with 5% methanol, and the extraction parameters were 50¡ãC and 350 bar, with an extraction time of 15 min. Phenol compounds have been also extracted from natural sources as olive leaves [29]. However, to our knowledge, there are no papers on supercritical fluid extraction of these compounds from grape-skin samples. |
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2Â¥2011-11-24 20:26:19
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