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Alfred is noted for his defence of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of southern England against the Vikings, becoming the only Englishmonarch still to be accorded the epithet "the Great".[1] Alfred was the first King of the West Saxons to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons". Details of his life are described in a work by the 10th century Welsh scholar and bishop Asser. Alfred was a learned man who encouraged education and improved his kingdom's legal system and military structure. He is regarded as a saintby some Catholics, but has never been officially canonized.[2] The Anglican Communion venerates him as a Christian hero, with afeast day of 26 October,[3] and he may often be found depicted in stained glass in Church of England parish churches. Alfred was born in the village of Wanating, now Wantage, Oxfordshire. He was the youngest son of King Æthelwulf of Wessex, by his first wife, Osburga.[4] In 868 Alfred married Ealhswith, daughter of Æthelred Mucil.[5] At the age of five years, Alfred is said to have been sent to Rome where, according to theAnglo-Saxon Chronicle,[6] he was confirmed by Pope Leo IV who "anointed him as king".Victorian writers interpreted this as an anticipatory coronation in preparation for his ultimate succession to the throne of Wessex. However, his succession could not have been foreseen at the time, as Alfred had three living elder brothers. A letter of Leo IV shows that Alfred was made a "consul"; a misinterpretation of this investiture, deliberate or accidental, could explain later confusion.[7] It may also be based on Alfred's later having accompanied his father on a pilgrimage to Rome where he spent some time at the court ofCharles the Bald, King of the Franks, around 854¨C855. On their return from Rome in 856, Æthelwulf was deposed by his son Æthelbald. With civil war looming, the magnates of the realm met in council to hammer out a compromise. Æthelbald would retain the western shires (i.e., traditional Wessex), and Æthelwulf would rule in the east. King Æthelwulf died in 858; meanwhile Wessex was ruled by three of Alfred's brothers in succession. |
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204886788(½ð±Ò+50, ·ÒëEPI+1): http://emuch.net/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=3092096 2011-04-19 18:15:10
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Alfred is noted for his defence of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of southern England against the Vikings, becoming the only English monarch still to be accorded the epithet "the Great".[1] Alfred was the first King of the West Saxons to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons". Details of his life are described in a work by the 10th century Welsh scholar and bishop Asser. Alfred was a learned man who encouraged education and improved his kingdom's legal system and military structure. He is regarded as a saint by some Catholics, but has never been officially canonized.[2] The Anglican Communion venerates him as a Christian hero, with a feast day of 26 October,[3] and he may often be found depicted in stained glass in Church of England parish churches. °¢¶û¸¥À×µÂÒòΪ¶ÔÓ¢¸ñÀ¼Äϲ¿µÄ°»¸ñ³Èö¿ËÑ·Íõ¹ú³É¹¦µÖÓù±±Å·º£µÁ¶øÎÅÃû,³ÉΪÈÔÈ»¸øÓè¡°´óµÛ¡±ÍâºÅµÄΨһӢ¹ú¾ýÖ÷.°¢¶û¸¥À×µÂÊÇÎ÷Èö¿ËÑ·µÄµÚÒ»ÈιúÍõ£¬ÒÔ¡°µÄ°»¸ñ³Èö¿Ë Ñ·È˹úÍõ¡±×Գơ£ËûµÄÉú»îϸ½Ú£¬ÔÚÒ»¸öÓÉ10ÊÀ¼ÍµÄѧÕߺÍÍþ¶ûÊ¿Ö÷½Ì°¢Èü¶û¹¤×÷Öеõ½ÃèÊö¡£°¢¶û¸¥À×µÂÊÇÒ»¸ö²©Ñ§µÄÈË£¬¹ÄÀø½ÌÓýºÍÌá¸ßÁËËûµÄÍõ¹úµÄ·¨ÂÉÖÆ¶ÈºÍ¾üʽṹ¡£ Ëû±»Ò»Ð©ÌìÖ÷½ÌͽÈÏΪÊÇÒ»¸öÊ¥ÈË£¬µ«´ÓδÕýʽ²á·â¡£×÷Ϊһ¸ö»ù¶½Í½Ó¢ÐÛ£¬Ó¢¹úÊ¥¹«»á³ç¾´Ëû£¬10ÔÂ26ÈÕ¾ÍÊÇËûµÄ¼ÍÄîÈÕ¡£Ó¢¸ñÀ¼½Ì»á½ÌÇø½ÌÌõÄȾɫ²£Á§ÉÏ£¬¿ÉÄܾ³£»á·¢ÏÖ Ãè»æËûµÄ¶«Î÷¡£ Alfred was born in the village of Wanating, now Wantage, Oxfordshire. He was the youngest son of King Æthelwulf of Wessex, by his first wife, Osburga. [4] In 868 Alfred married Ealhswith, daughter of Æthe lred Mucil.[5] °¢¶û¸¥À×µÂÊdzöÉúÔÚWanating´å,ÏÖÔÚÊÇÅ£½ò¿¤ÍúµÙÆæ.ËûÊǹúÍõAEligthelwulfºÍËûµÄµÚÒ»¸öÆÞ×ÓOsburgaµÄС¶ù×Ó¡£868Ä꣬°¢¶û¸¥À×µÂÓëAElig;the lred MucilµÄÅ®¶ùEalhswith ½á»é¡£ At the age of five years, Alfred is said to have been sent to Rome where, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle,[6] he was confirmed by Pope Leo IV who "anointed him as king".Victorian writers interpreted this as an anticipatory coronation in preparation for his ultimate succession to the throne of Wessex. However, his succession could not have been foreseen at the time, as Alfred had three living elder brothers. A letter of Leo IV shows that Alfred was made a "consul"; a misinterpretation of this investiture, deliberate or accidental, could explain later confusion.[7] ÔÚ5ËêµÄʱºò£¬¾Ý°»¸ñ³Èö¿ËÑ·±àÄêÊ·¼ÇÔØ£¬°¢¶û¸¥À׵¾ÍÒѱ»ËÍÍùÂÞÂí¡£Ëû±»½Ì»ÊÀû°ÂËÄÊÀÖ¸ÈÏΪ¹úÍõ£¬Î¬¶àÀûÑÇʱ´úµÄ×÷¼Ò½âÊÍ˵£¬ÕâÊÇΪËû×îÖռ̳ÐÍþÈû¿Ë˹ÍõλµÄ×¼±¸£¬·À »¼Î´È»¡£ÄÇʱºò£¬ÒòΪÓÐÈý¸ö¸ç¸ç£¬ËûµÄ¼ÌÈÎÒѾ²»ÄÜÔ¤²â¡£Àû°ÂËÄÊÀµÄÐűíÃ÷£¬°¢¶û¸¥À×µÂ×öÁËÒ»¸ö¡°Ö´Ðй١±£¬ÕâÊÚȨÒÇʽµÄÎó½â£¬²»¹Ü¹ÊÒâ»òÒâÍ⣬¶¼¿ÉÒÔ½âÊͺóÀ´µÄ»ìÂÒ ¡£ It may also be based on Alfred's later having accompanied his father on a pilgrimage to Rome where he spent some time at the court of Charles the Bald, King of the Franks, around 854¨C855. On their return from Rome in 856, Æthelwulf was deposed by his son Æthelbald. With civil war looming, the magnates of the realm met in council to hammer out a compromise. Æthelbald would retain the western shires (i.e., traditional Wessex), and Æthelwulf would rule in the east. King Æthelwulf died in 858; meanwhile Wessex was ruled by three of Alfred's brothers in succession. ÕâÒ²¿ÉÄÜÊÇ»ùÓÚ´óÔ¼854-855Ä꣬AlfredÅãͬËûµÄͺͷ¸¸Ç×È¥ÂÞÂí³¯Ê¥£¬²¢³ÉΪ·¨À¼¿Ë¹úÍõ¡£ÔÚÄÇÀïËûÃǶȹýÁËÒ»¶Îʱ¼ä¡£856Ä꣬´ÓÂÞÂí·µ»Ø£¬AElig;thelwulf±»ËûµÄ¶ù×Ó Æthelbald·Ï÷í¡£ÄÚÕ½½üÔÚåë³ß£¬¾ÞÍ·ÃÇÔÚÒé»á»á¼ûÁËÇö¨Ò»ÏîÍ×С£AElig;thelbaldÎ÷²¿¿¤½«±£Áô£¨Ò²¾ÍÊÇ´«Í³µÄΤÈû¿Ë˹£©£¬AElig;thelwulf½«Í³Öζ«²¿¡£ AElig;thelwulf¹úÍõËÀÓÚ858£¬Ö®ºó£¬ÍþÈû¿Ë˹Óɰ¢¶û¸¥À׵µÄÈý¸öÐÖµÜÏà¼ÌͳÖΡ£ |
2Â¥2011-04-19 13:55:34
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