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西湖酷鱼

木虫 (正式写手)


zongyu_1986(金币+1):感谢这位朋友的热心帮助,欢迎常来理工农林 2010-12-19 09:13:28
然后,刚敲完上面那段,就在wiki上面找到解释了,如下:

Maxwell equal area rule

Below the critical temperature (T’ < 1) an isotherm of the Van der Waals equation oscillates as shown.
Maxwell's rule eliminates the oscillating behavior of the isotherm in the phase transition zone by defining it as a certain isobar in that zone.

Along the red portion of the isotherm \scriptstyle \left({{\partial P'}/{\partial V'}}\right)_{T'}>0 which is unstable; the Van der Waals equation fails to describe real substances in this region. To fix this problem James Clerk Maxwell (1875) replaced the isotherm between a and c with a horizontal line positioned so that the areas of the two hatched regions are equal. The flat line portion of the isotherm now corresponds to liquid-vapor equilibrium. The portions a–d and c–e are interpreted as metastable states of super-heated liquid and super-cooled vapor respectively.[3]

Maxwell justified the rule by saying that work done on the system in going from c to b should equal work released on going from a to b. (Area on a PV diagram corresponds to mechanical work). That’s because the change in the free energy function A(T,V) equals the work done during a reversible process the free energy function being a state variable should take on a unique value regardless of path. In particular, the value of A at point b should calculate the same regardless of whether the path came from left or right, or went straight across the horizontal isotherm or around the original Van der Waals isotherm. Maxwell’s argument is not totally convincing since it requires a reversible path through a region of thermodynamic instability. Nevertheless, more subtle arguments based on modern theories of phase equilibrium seem to confirm the Maxwell Equal Area construction and it remains a valid modification of the Van der Waals equation of state.[4]

The Maxwell equal area rule can be derived from an assumption of equal chemical potential μ of coexisting liquid and vapour phases[5].
Keepmoving!
21楼2010-10-18 14:13:24
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西湖酷鱼

木虫 (正式写手)

★ ★ ★ ★ ★
小木虫(金币+0.5):给个红包,谢谢回帖交流
三个小石子(金币+2):感谢继续讨论! 2010-10-23 22:41:15
caoshangfei2007(金币+2):醋鱼这个追根好像还没有完吧,继续啊,虫友们还在期待中! 2010-10-23 22:43:59
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_der_Waals_equation

楼主同学你仔细看看那句“To fix this problem James Clerk Maxwell (1875) replaced the isotherm between a and c with a horizontal line positioned so that the areas of the two hatched regions are equal.”就是说,除了范式方程式人造的,这段“真实汽液”的等压线也是构造出来,目的就是为了让两个面积相等。

The Maxwell equal area rule can be derived from an assumption of equal chemical potential μ of coexisting liquid and vapour phases[5].

最后这句就更清楚了,就是用汽液相平衡来证明,但是我觉得这简直是循环论证了。。。因为这条水平线就是为了两个面积相等而构造的。

A E Elhassan, R J B Craven, K M de Reuck, The Area Method for pure fluids and an analysis of the two-phase region, Fluid Phase Equilibria 130 (1997) 167-187.

Anyway,找到1997年的这篇文章就是你要的答案了。
Keepmoving!
22楼2010-10-18 14:17:11
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能源小蚂蚁

金虫 (正式写手)

引用回帖:
Originally posted by 西湖酷鱼 at 2010-10-18 14:17:11:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_der_Waals_equation

楼主同学你仔细看看那句“To fix this problem James Clerk Maxwell (1875) replaced the isotherm between a and c with a horizontal line ...

是啊,那条等温线就是人为构造出来的,以使二者面积相等!但是, 这里面有
道理的,那就是吉布斯函数在两相是相等的。

[ Last edited by 能源小蚂蚁 on 2010-10-19 at 23:58 ]
宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来!
23楼2010-10-18 23:23:58
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qllq1661

木虫 (职业作家)

三个小石子:欢迎详细说明! 2010-10-23 22:42:09
caoshangfei2007:欢迎专家级别虫友为大家进一步解释! 2010-10-23 22:42:19
这个感觉不难
24楼2010-10-23 22:20:36
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能源小蚂蚁

金虫 (正式写手)

引用回帖:
Originally posted by qllq1661 at 2010-10-23 22:20:36:
这个感觉不难

恩,那您要详细说明啊,光说不练那是假把式!
宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来!
25楼2010-10-23 23:11:36
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lidaxue

木虫 (正式写手)

之乎者也

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小木虫(金币+0.5):给个红包,谢谢回帖交流
zongyu_1986(金币+2):感谢这位朋友的热心帮助,欢迎常来! 2010-12-19 09:13:55
内容已删除
Comeon!
26楼2010-12-18 14:34:32
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ncccompany

银虫 (小有名气)


小木虫(金币+0.5):给个红包,谢谢回帖
原来是段老师啊。你问问他认识我吗。09年考博时候段老师很热情啊
综合、专一
27楼2011-04-28 01:07:03
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能源小蚂蚁

金虫 (正式写手)

引用回帖:
Originally posted by ncccompany at 2011-04-28 01:07:03:
原来是段老师啊。你问问他认识我吗。09年考博时候段老师很热情啊

不认识啊。。。
宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来!
28楼2011-05-02 09:55:42
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吴渊

铜虫 (小有名气)


小木虫(金币+0.5):给个红包,谢谢回帖
压缩因子是温度与压力的函数,不是单纯的压强决定。若考虑的是等温线,P=0时,Z随着压力的增大而减小,临界点是Z<03。当临界等温线高于临界点时,Z就随着压力的增大而线性增大。都是由于分子间作用力的原因。
肖 小梦世外
29楼2011-11-24 20:38:38
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high007

木虫 (正式写手)

学习了
30楼2011-11-26 17:57:10
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