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Aggregate Separation Field moist soil was passed through an 8-mm sieve by gently breaking apart the soil and air dried. Two pretreatments were applied before wet sieving: air-dried soil was rapidly immersed in water (slaked) and air-dried soil was capillary rewetted to field capacity plus 5% (kg/kg) and equilibrated at 4¡æ overnight before immersion in water (rewetted treatment). Slaking disrupts the aggregates due to a build-up of air pressure upon rapidly wetting. In contrast, when the soil is capillary rewetted before sieving, the air has time to escape and consequently there is not a build-up of air pressure and more aggregates stay intact. In addition, the surface tension of water increases the cohesion between soil particles resulting in a higher aggregate yield upon rewetting. The soils were wet-sieved through a series of three sieves. The method used for aggregate size separation was adapted from Elliott. Briefly, a 100-g subsample (air dried or capillary wetted) was submerged for 5 min on top of the 2000 ¦Ìm sieve prior to sieving. Aggregates were separated by manually moving the sieve 3 cm up and down with 50 repetitions during a period of 2 min. The >2000 ¦Ìm aggregates were collected and sieving was repeated for the fraction<2000 ¦Ìm with the next smaller sized sieve. This procedure was repeated for every sieve size. All aggregate fractions were oven dried (50¡æ) and weighed. Sand size distribution (>2000 ¦Ìm; 250¨C2000 ¦Ìm; 53¨C250 ¦Ìm) of rewetted and slaked aggregates was determined by sieving after dispersing the aggregates with sodium hexametaphosphate (5 g L-1). |
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