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ÒÔϵÄÓ﷨ѧϰ×ÊÁÏÓкܴ󲿷ֶ¼ÊDZ¾ÈË´Óhttp://korean.sogang.ac.krºÍº«¹úÓï½ÌÊÒhttp://study.hanguo.net.cnÍøÕ¾ÖÐÕÒµ½µÄ£¬ÄÇÀïÓеĽâÊÍÓõÄÊÇÓ¢ÓΪÁËijЩӢÓﲻ̫ÊìÁ·µÄÅóÓÑѧϰ·½±ã£¬ÎÒ¼ÓÉÏÁ˺ºÓï½âÊÍ¡£Ï£Íû´ó¼ÒºÃºÃѧϰ£º£© µÚÒ»½Ú£º The pattern '-고 싶다' : would like to (do)/want to (do) ¸ñʽΪ'-고 싶다' £¬Òâ˼Ϊ£ºÏëÒª×ö... The pattern ¡®-고 싶다¡¯ is used to indicate the desire of the subject and is used with action verbs and ¡®있다¡¯. This pattern ¡®-고 싶다¡¯ is used with first person statements and second person questions. Here are some examples: ¡®-고 싶다¡¯ Õâ¸ö¸ñʽÊÇÓÃÀ´±íÃ÷Ö÷ÓïµÄÔ¸Íû£¬ºÍ±íʾ¶¯×÷µÄ¶¯´ÊºÍ¡®있다¡¯Á¬Óá£Õâ¸ö¸ñʽÊÊÓÃÓÚ£ºµÚÒ»È˳ƵijÂÊö¾äºÍµÚ¶þÈ˳ƵÄÒÉÎʾ䡣ÒÔÏÂÊǼ¸¸öÀý×Ó£º 사과를 사고 싶어요. (I) would like to buy an apple. ÎÒÏëÂòÆ»¹û¡£ 커피를 마시고 싶어요. (I) would like to drink a cup of coffee.ÎÒÏëºÈ¿§·È¡£ 한국에 가고 싶어요. (I) would like to go to Korea. ÎÒÏëÈ¥º«¹ú¡£ 안나씨를 만나고 싶어요? Would you like to see Anna? ÄãÏë¼û°²ÄÈô£¿ 어디에 가고 싶으세요? Where would you like to go? ÄãÏëÈ¥ÄÄÀ Tense and negation are expressed in the verb '싶다'. ʱ̬ºÍ·ñ¶¨¶¼ÔÚ¶¯´Ê '싶다'Öбíʾ¡£È磺 피자를 먹고 싶어요. I wanted to eat Pizza. ÎÒÏë³ÔÆ¤Èø±ý¡£ 피자를 먹고 싶지 않아요. I don't want to eat pizza. ÎÒ²»Ïë³ÔÆ¤Èø±ý¡£ 2. The pattern '-아(어/여 보다' ¸ñʽΪ£º'-아(어/여 보다' (1) On it's own, '보다' means 'to see'. The pattern '-아(어/여 보다' is used to convey meanings such as 'someone tries doing something ( to see how it will turn out)' or 'someone does something to see (how it will turn out)'. ¾Í'보다'±¾ÉíÀ´½²£¬ËüµÄÒâ˼Ϊ¡°¿´¡±¡£¶ø'-아(어/여 보다' Õâ¸ö¸ñʽÊÇÓÃÀ´±í´ïÒÔϵÄÒâ˼£ºÈ磬ijÈËÊÔ×ÅÈ¥×öijÊ£¨¿´½á¹û»áÊÇÔõÑù£©»òÕßijÈËΪÁËÖªµÀ½á¹ûÔõÑù¶ø×öijÊÂ이 구두를 신어 보세요. Please try on these shoes. ÇëÊÔÊÔÕâЩЬ¡£ 전화해 보세요. Please try to call. Çë´òµç»°¿´¿´¡£ 여기서 기다려 보세요. Please wait here. ÇëÔÚÕâÀïµÈµÈ¿´¿´¡£ (2) With past tense form. it can be used to express experience as well as the meanings mentioned in (1) ¹ýÈ¥Ê±ÄØ£¬²»½ö¿ÉÒÔ±íʾÈ磨1£©ÖÐËù½²µÄÒâ˼£¬¶øÇÒÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´±íʾ¹ýÈ¥µÄ¾Àú¡£ 저는 한국에 가 봤어요. I have been to Korea. ÎÒÈ¥¹ýº«¹ú¡£ 저는 멜라니를 만나 봤어요. I have met Melanie. ÎÒ¼û¹ý÷ÀÄÝ¡£ 3. The pattern '-아/어/여 보이다' ¸ñʽΪ'-아/어/여 보이다' : someone(or something) looks (appears, seems...) ijÈË£¨Ä³Î¿´ÆðÀ´... This pattern conveys meanings such as likeness, resemblance, or similarity, when attached directly to the stems of adjectives. The past tense form of this pattern is '-아/어/여 보였다.' Õâ¸ö¸ñʽֱ½Ó½ÓÔÚÐÎÈݴʺóÃæÊ±£¬Òâ˼ΪÀàËÆ£¬ÏàËÆ -아 보이다 is after verb stems having '아/오' -아 보이다·ÅÔÚ¶¯´Ê´ÊβÓÐ'아/오'ºóÃæ -어 보이다 is after verb stems having other vowel '아/오' -어 보이다 ·ÅÔÚ¶¯´Ê´ÊβÓÐÆäËûÔªÒô'아/오'µÄºóÃæ -여 보이다 is after verb stems having '-하다' 여 보이다 ·ÅÔÚ¶¯´Ê´ÊβΪ'-하다' µÄºóÃæ 옷이 작아 보여요. The clothes look small. Ò·þ¿´ÆðÀ´Ð¡¡£ 한국음식이 맛있어 보여요. Korean food looks delicious. º«Ê³¿´ÆðÀ´ºÜºÃ³Ô¡£ 그분이 행복해 보여요. He looks happy. ÄÇÈË¿´ÆðÀ´ºÜÐÒ¸£¡£ 4. The pattern '-(으 ㄹ 거예요' : will ¸ñʽΪ£º'-(으 ㄹ 거예요' £¬Òâ˼ÊÇ£º½«Òª This pattern is used in the first or second person to express an action which is going to take place in the future. ´Ë¸ñʽÓÃÓÚµÚÒ»µÚ¶þÈ˳ƣ¬±í´ïijһ¶¯×÷½«Òª·¢Éú (1) -ㄹ 거예요 : If the verb stem ends in a vowel. Èç¹û¶¯´ÊÒÔÔªÒô½á⣬¸ñʽΪ£º-ㄹ 거예요 안나씨, 내일 뭐 할 거예요? Anna, what will you do tomorrow? °²ÄÈ£¬ÄãÃ÷ÌìÒª×öʲô£¿ 저는 내일 이사를 할 거예요. I will move tomorrow. ÎÒÃ÷ÌìÒª°á¼Ò¡£ (2) -을 거예요 : If the verb stem ends in a consonant. Èç¹û¶¯´ÊÒÔ¸¨Òô½á⣬¸ñʽΪ£º-을 거예요 지금 점심 먹을 거예요? Will you have lunch now? ÄãÏÖÔÚÒª³ÔÎ緹ô£¿ 아니오, 30분 후에 먹을 거예요. No, I will have it in 30 minutes. ²»£¬30·ÖÖÓºóÔÙ³Ô¡£ |
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Òø³æ (СÓÐÃûÆø)
- Ó¦Öú: 0 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 1857.3
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- Ìû×Ó: 191
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- ³æºÅ: 40764
- ×¢²á: 2004-03-02
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This connective '-아(어/여)야지' may be followed by '그렇지 않으면', or the conditional negative forms '-지 않으면' or '-(으)면 안 되다'. ´ËÁ¬´Êºó¿ÉÒÔ½Ó '그렇지 않으면'£¬»òÕß'-지 않으면' or '-(으)면 안 되다'. 예) 공부는 재미있어야지 그렇지 않으면 (재미없으면) 할 필요가 없어요. Studying should be exciting, otherwise you don't need to study. ÀýÈ磺ѧϰӦ¸ÃÓÐȤ²ÅÐУ¬·ñÔò£¨Ã»ÓÐÀÖȤµÄ»°£©¾Íû±ØÒªÑ§Ï°ÁË¡£ 지금 가야지, 지금 가지 않으면 그분을 만나지 못해요. You must go now; if you don't, you won't be able to meet him. ÏÖÔÚ±ØÐëµÃ×ߣ¬Èç¹û²»×ߵϰ£¬Äã¾Í²»Äܼûµ½ËûÁË¡£ The pattern '-다시피': as, like Èç...£¬Ïñ... The pattern '-다시피' is usually used with the verbs describing experience or perception, such as '알다, 보다, 듣다'. It means 'as' or 'like'. The second clause confirms what is stated or implies in the first clause. ´Ë¸ñʽÓëÃèÊö¾Ñé»ò¸Ð¾õ¡¢ÁìÎòµÄ¶¯´ÊÈç'알다ÖªµÀ, 보다¿´, 듣다Ìý'Á¬Óã¬Òâ˼ÊÇÈç...£¬Ïñ..¡£µÚ¶þ¸ö¾ä×ÓÈ·ÈϵÚÒ»¸ö¾ä×ÓÖгÂÊöµÄ»ò°µÊ¾µÄ¡£ 예) 당신도 알다시피 저는 아주 바빠요. As you know, I'm very busy. ÀýÈ磺ÈçÄãËùÖªµÀµÄ£¬Îҷdz£Ã¦¡£ 너는 듣다시피 우리 혜어졌어요. ÈçÄãÌýµ½µÄ£¬ÎÒÃÇ·ÖÊÖÁË¡£ The pattern '-(으)ㄴ/는 김에': since there is a chance to...; as long as ¼ÈÈ»Óлú»á...£»Ö»Òª This pattern '-(으)ㄴ/는 김에' describes the first clause is usually an opportunity or a chance for the content of the second clause. It is similar to the meaning of 'since there is a chance to...', 'as long as'. '-(으)ㄴ' expresses the time is past and '-는' is present. ´Ë¸ñʽ±íʾµÄÊÇ£ºµÚÒ»¸ö¾ä×Óͨ³£Êǵڶþ¸ö¾ä×ÓÄÚÈÝ·¢ÉúµÄÒ»¸ö»ú»á ¡£Òâ˼ºÍ£º¼ÈÈ»Óлú»á....£¬»òÕßÖ»Òª....¡£-(으)ㄴ±íʾ¹ýȥʽ£¬는±íʾÏÖÔÚʱ¡£ 예) 미국에 온 김에 구경도 하고 갈 거예요. Since I am here in the USA, I will go sightseeing before I leave. È磺¼ÈÈ»ÎÒÏÖÔÚÔÚÃÀ¹ú£¬ÔÚÎÒÀ뿪ÕâÀï֮ǰÎÒÒª¶à¶à¹Û¹âһϡ£ 한국말 공부하는 김에 친구도 많이 사귀해요. ³ÃÎÒѧϰº«¹úÓïµÄ»ú»á£¬ÎÒÒ²½»Á˺ܶàÅóÓÑ¡£ The connective '-다니' Á¬´Ê The connective '-다니' is used for expressing the reason or cause, and precedes expressions of surprise such as '웬일이에요/ 웬일이니?, 깜짝 놀랐어요.' etc,. ´ËÁ¬´ÊÓÃÓÚ±í´ïÔÒò£¬È»ºóºóÃæ½ÓµÄ¶¼ÊDZíʾ¾ªÑȵľä×Ó£¬È磺'웬일이에요/ 웬일이니?,£¨Ê²Ã´Ê¶ù°¡£¿£© 깜짝 놀랐어요.'£¨ÈÃÎÒ×Åʵ³ÔÁËÒ»¾ª£© etc,. 예) 저한테 전화를 하다니 웬일이세요? I am surprised that you are calling me.Äã¸øÎÒ´òµç»°ÈÃÎÒºÜÊǾªÑÈ¡£ 예) 그분이 돌아가시다니 깜짝 놀랐어요. I was surprised to hear that he died. Ìýµ½ËûÈ¥ÊÀµÄÏûÏ¢ÎҺܳԾª¡£ The pattern 'Interrogative + -(으)ㄹ지 모르겠다' ¸ñʽ£ºÒÉÎÊ´Ê/ÒÉÎʾä+-(으)ㄹ지 모르겠다' This pattern is used for expressing that the speaker can't decide a certain action. ´Ë¸ñʽÓÃÀ´±í´ï˵»°ÈËÔÚÄ³Ò»ÌØ¶¨µÄÐж¯ÉÏÎÞ·¨×ö³ö¾ö¶Ï¡£ 예) 무엇을 먹을지(먹어야 할지) 모르겠어요. I can't decide what I should eat. ÎÒÎÞ·¨¾ö¶¨ÎÒÓ¦¸Ã³Ôʲô¡£ 예) 언제 가야 할지 모르겠어요. I can't decide when I should go. ÎÒÎÞ·¨¾ö¶¨ÎÒ¸Ãʲôʱºò×ß¡£ The sentence ending '-잖아(요)' ¾äβʽ This ending is used for expressing a tag question for confirming the fact of a sentence. This is the contracted form of '-지 않아(요)'. ´Ë½áβ´ÊÓÃÀ´±íʾȷÈϾä×ÓÖгÂÊöµÄÊÂʵµÄ¸½¼Ó¾ä¡£Óë'-지 않아(요)ÊÇÏà·´µÄ¸ñʽ¡£ 예) 네가 그 일을 한다고 했잖아. (I'm sure that) You have said to do that. ÎÒÈ·ÐÅÄã˵¹ýÒª×öÄǼþʵġ£ 예) 그 음식은 안나 씨가 주문했잖아요. Anna, you ordered that food, didn't you? °²ÄÈ£¬ÄãµãµÄÄǸö²Ë£¬²»ÊÇô£¿ The pattern '-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다': almost --- but ¸ñʽ£º¼¸ºõ...£¬µ«ÊÇ.... '-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다' indicates the past possibility of the main verb almost taking place but not doing the action. Since the past possibility is conceived, it always combines with the past form of '-았(었/였)' ´Ë¸ñʽ±íʾ¶¯´ÊÔÚ¹ýÈ¥Óз¢ÉúµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ£¬µ«ÊǶ¯×÷²¢Ã»Óз¢Éú¡£¼ÈÈ»´Ë¸ñʽ´øÓйýÈ¥µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔµÄÒâ˼£¬ËùÒԴ˸ñʽ×ÜÊÇÓÚ±íʾ¹ýȥʽµÄ '-았(었/였)' Á¬ÓᣠÀýÈ磺예) 어제 계단에서 넘어질 뻔했습니다. I almost fell off the stairs yesterday. ×òÌìÎÒ¼¸ºõ´ÓÂ¥ÌÝÉÏˤÏÂÀ´¡£ 그 분을 만날 뻔했는데 못 만났습니다. I could have met him/ her, but I didn't. ÎÒÄÜÓöÉÏËûµÄ£¬µ«ÊÇÎÒûÓÐÓöµ½¡£ -ㄹ 까요 ¡¡ ¡¡¡¡-ㄹ 까요ÓÃÓÚÎʶԷ½µÄ¹Ûµã£¬Òâ¼û»ò¶ÔÓÚijÊÂÎïºÍÊÂʵÆÀ¼ÛµÄʱºò¡£Ò²¿ÉÒÔºÍÓж¯´ÊÁ¬Óᣠ우리 다른 데서 만날까요? ÎÒÃÇÔÚ±ðµÄµØ·½¼ûÃæÔõôÑù£¿ 어느 예금의 이율이 가장 높은지 물어 볼까요? ¿ÉÒÔÎÊÎÊÄÇÖÖÔ¤½ðµÄÀûÂÊ×î¸ßô£¿ 9시까지 도착할 수 있을까요? 9µã¿ÉÒÔµ½Ã´£¿ '-으시-'ÔÚº«¹úÓïÖÐÔÚ»°Õß¶ÔÓÚÆä¶¯×÷µÄ·¢³öÕß»òÆä״̬µÄ±£ÓÐÕß±íʾ ¡¡¡¡×ð¾´µÄʱºò³£Óà -시-¡£ ¡¡ ÓÃÕâÖÖ´ÊÓïʱ¶Ô×Ô¼ºÒªÓñíʾǫ¹§µÄ´ÊÓ»òÓëËüÏàÓ¦µÄ¹ßÓ÷¨¡£ÕâЩ´ÊÓï¶¼½Ð¾´Óï¡£ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇ¿´Ò»Ï¾´Óï '-시-'¡£ (1) ´ó²¿·Ö¶¯´ÊûÓÐÌØ¶¨¾´ÓÕâʱ°É '-시/으시-'ÔÚ¶¯´Ê´Ê¸ÉºÍ´ÊβÖм䡣 (2) ¾´ÓïµÄ±íÏÖÓÐÈçϱíÏÖ·½·¨£» a.'-시-'ÔÚÒÔÔªÒôΪ½áβµÄ¶¯´Ê´Ê¸ÉºóÃæ¡£ b. '-으시-'ÔÚÒÔ¸¨Òôλ½áβµÄ¶¯´Ê´Ê¸ÉºóÃæ¡£ (3) ¾´Óï '-시-'¿ÉÒÔÓÃÓÚ¼¸ÖÖ±íÏÖ·½·¨¡£ 그러시다면 다음에 제가 빵을 사겠습니다. ÕæÊÇÄÇÑùµÄ»°£¬Ï´ÎÎÒÂòÃæ°ü¡£ 옆 교실에서 수업 중이니, 조용히 하십시요. ÅԱߵĽÌÊÒÔÚÉϿΣ¬Çë°²¾²¡£ -나 보다¡¡ ºÃÏñ£» ¡¡ ¡¡¡¡'-나 보다' Õâ¸ö¹ßÓÃÐÍ¿ÉÓÃÓÚËùÓж¯´Ê¡£ËüÓÃÓÚ»°Õß´¦ÓÚÖ¤¾Ý²»×ãµÄʱºòËù·¢±íµÄÒâ¼û»ò½áÂÛ¡£ËüÒ²³£ÓÃÓÚÖ®ÄÑÒÔÔ¤¼ûµÄÊÂÎï¡£'-나 보다' Õâ¸ö¹ßÓÃÐÔÓ붯´ÊµÄÏÖÔÚʽ»ò¹ýȥʽÁ¬Óá£(È»¶ø£¬ÐðÊö¸ñ -이다ÓÃÕâ¸ö¹ßÓÃÐÔµÄʱºòÖ»ÓÃÓÚ¹ýȥʽ¡£) '(으)려나보다'³£ÓÃÓÚ±íʾδÀ´Òª·¢ÉúµÄÊÂÇé¡£'-나 보다'µÄÖ÷ÓïÓ¦ÊǵÚÈýÈ˳ơ£ 소화가 잘 되지 않나 봐요. ºÃÏñÊÇÏû»¯²»ºÃ¡£ 오늘은 수업이 없나 봅니다. ½ñÌìºÃÏñûÓпΡ£ 남동생의 시력이 꽤 나빠졌나 보다.µÜµÜµÄÊÓÁ¦ºÃÏñϽµÁ˺ܶࡣ£¨±ä»µÁ˺ࣩܶ -지요 ¡¡ ¡¡¡¡¾´Óï¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÒÔ '-아(-어, -여)' Ìæ»» '-요' Ç°ÃæµÄ '-지' À´¸øÒÔС±ä»¯¡£'-지요' Ê«´Ê⣬¿ÉÓ붯´ÊÁ¬Óã¬Ò²¿ÉºÍ '-있어요' »ò '-이에요' Á¬Óá£Ëü¿ÉÓÃÓڿ϶¨¾ä£¬ÃüÁî¾ä£¬½¨Òé¾ä£¬ÒÉÎʾ䡣 (1) Ôڿ϶¨¾äÖг£ÓÃËüÀ´ÌṩÏûÏ¢¡£ (2) ÔÚÃüÁî¾äºÍ±íʾ½¨ÒéµÄ¾ä×ÓÖÐ '-지' µÄ·¢ÒôÌØ±ð¶Ì£¬»¹Óж¯´ÊÊǾ´ÓïµÄʱºòÒªÓñíʾǫ¹§µÄ´ÊÓï¡£ (3) ÔÚÒÉÎʾäÖÐ '-지' ÓÐʱ±íʾ±È½ÏÈõµÄÒÉÎÊ»òÍÆ²âµÄÓïÆø¡£ (4) ÎÊijÈË×Ô¼ºµÄÇé¿öʱºò³£Óà '-아요', ¶ø²»Óà '-지요' µÄÐÎʽ¡£ÒòΪ '-지요' ÔÚËùÓеľäÐÍÖж¼Ò»Ñù£¬ËùÒÔ×îºóµÄÒô½ÚµÄÓï´ÊÌØ±ðÖØÒª¡£ 언제 한국에 오셨지요? ʲôʱºòÀ´º«¹úµÄ£¿언제 한국에 오셨어요?ʲôʱºòÀ´º«¹úµÄ¡£ 커피는 마셨지요. ¸ÃºÈ¿§·ÈµÄ¡£커피는 마셨어요. ÎҺȹý¿§·ÈÁË¡£ 한국에는 산이 많지.º«¹úµÄɽºÜ¶à¡£ 한국에는 산이 많아. º«¹úµÄɽºÜ¶à¡£ -ㄴ(은)가요 ¡¡ ¡¡¡¡'-ㄴ(은)가요' ×÷½áβµÄ¾äÐÍ¿ÉÓÃÓÚÈçÏÂÁ½ÖÖÇé¿ö£ºÓëÐÎÈÝ´ÊÔÚÒ»ÆðµÄʱºòÊÇ£¬±íʾÏÖÔÚµÄʱ̬£¬Óë '-이-' Á¬ÓÃÊÇ£¬±íʾ¹ýȥʱ̬¡£±ðµÄÐÎʽ¶¼Óà '-는 가요'×÷½áβ¡£ÒÔ 'ㄴ(은,는)가요' ×÷½áβʱ¿ÉÒÔÓëÈκζ¯´ÊÁ¬Ó㬺ÍÒÔ '-나요' ×÷½áβµÄÐÎʽһÑù¡£ÕâÊÇÌáÎÊ´Ê»ò±íʾÒÉÎʵķÇÕýʽÓÃÓï¡£ÓÃÖú´Ê '-요'£¬¿ÉÒÔʹ¾ä×ӳɹ¦ÓÐÇ×ÃÜµÄ¿ÚÆø¡£Ð¡º¢×Ó»òºÃÅóÓѳ£ÓÃÕâÖÖ¹ßÓÃÐÍ¡£ 냉면은 라면과 비슷한가요? ÀäÃæºÍÀÃæÏàËÆÃ´? 아영씨가 그렇게 예쁜가요? ÑÅÓ¢ÄÇôƯÁÁô£¿ |
7Â¥2006-04-03 12:21:35
2Â¥2006-04-03 00:06:30
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If the subject of the sentence is the 3rd person pronoun, this pattern indicates likelihood or probability. Èç¹ûÖ÷ÓïÊǵÚÈýÈ˳ƣ¬ÄÇô´Ë¸ñʽ±í´ïÊÂÇé·¢ÉúµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ¡£ 5. The pattern' -고 싶어 하다' : want to do -, would like to - ¸ñʽΪ£º' -고 싶어 하다'£¬Òâ˼ÊÇ£ºÏëÒª×ö... This pattern `-고 싶어 하다' is used to express desires in third person subject statements and questions with all verbs and `있다'. ´Ë¸ñʽÓÃÓÚµÚÈýÈ˳ÆÎªÖ÷ÓïµÄ³ÂÊö¾äÒÔ¼°Óɶ¯´ÊºÍ있다¹¹³ÉµÄÒÉÎʾäÖУ¬±í´ïÖ÷ÓïµÄÔ¸Íû 안나씨가 어디에 가고 싶어 해요? Where does Anna want to go? °²ÄÈÏëÈ¥ÄÄÀ 안나씨는 집에 가고 싶어 해요. Anna wants to go to home. °²ÄÈÏë»Ø¼Ò¡£ 앤디씨가 무엇을 먹고 싶어 해요? What does Andy want to eat? °£µÏÏë³Ôʲô£¿ 앤디씨는 불고기를 먹고 싶어 해요. Andy wants to eat Bulgogi. °£µÏÏë³Ô¿¾Èâ¡£ Tense is expressed in the verb `싶어 하다', such as `싶어 했어요'. ʱ̬ÌåÏÖÔÚ¶¯´Ê½á¹¹ `싶어 하다'£¬Èç¹ýȥʱΪ`싶어 했어요' 미나씨가 어디에 가고 싶어 했어요 ? Where did Mina want to go ? ÃÀÄÈÏëÈ¥ÄÄÀïÀ´×Å£¿ 집에 가고 싶어 했어요 She wanted to go home. ËýÏë»Ø¼ÒÀ´×Å¡£ Negation is expressed in the verb `싶어 하다' with `-지 않다', such as `싶어 하지 않아요'. ·ñ¶¨Ê½µÄ¹¹³ÉÊÇÔÚ`싶어 하다'ºóÃæ¼ÓÉÏ `-지 않다'£¬Èç싶어 하지 않아요'¡£ 미나씨가 집에 가고 싶어 했어요 ? Did Mina want to go home ? ÃÀÄÇÏë»Ø¼ÒÁËô£¿ 아니오, 집에 가고 싶어 하지 않았어요. No, she didn't want to go home. 4. The connective '-고' ; Á¬´Ê'-고' Á¬´Ê'-고' ÓÃÓÚÁ¬½ÓÁ½¸öͬλµÄ¾ä×Ó¡£µ±Á½¸ö¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷ÓïÒ»ÑùµÄʱºò£¬Á½¸ö¾ä×Ó±í´ïµÄÊÂÇéÊÇÁ¬Ðø·¢ÉúµÄ¡£ÔÚÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬Á¬´Ê'-고' Òâζ×Å£ºÏÈ×öA,È»ºóÔÙ×öB.µ«Êǵ±Á½¸ö¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷ÓﲻͬµÄʱºò£¬Á½¸ö¾ä×Ó±í´ï±È½ÏµÄÒâ˼£¬Óë ¡®-은/는Á¬ÓᣠThis connective ¡®-고¡¯ is used to link two clauses in coordination. When the subjects of the two clauses are the same, the two clauses means sequential process. So, in this case, the connective ¡®-고¡¯ means ¡® doing A first, and then doing B later¡¯. But when the subjects of the two clauses are different, these two clauses express comparison, and are used with the topic marker ¡®-은/는¡¯. 숙제를 하고 가겠어요. I¡¯ll do my homework first and then go. ÎÒÏÈ×ö×÷ҵȻºóÔÙ×ß¡£ 친구를 만나고 집에 갈 거에요. I¡¯ll meet my friend and then go home. ÎÒÏȺÍÅóÓѼûÃæÈ»ºó»Ø¼Ò¡£ 저는 공부하고 친구는 TV를 봐요. I¡¯m studying and my friend is sleeping. ÎÒÔÚѧϰ£¬µ«ÊÇÎÒÅóÓÑÔÚ˯¾õ¡£ 저는 크고 그분은 작아요. I am tall and he is short. ÎÒ¸ö×Ӹߵ«ÊÇËû¸ö×Ó°«¡£ 한국말은 재미있고 영어는 어려워요. Korean is interesting and English is difficult. º«¹úÓïÓÐÒâ˼£¬µ«ÊÇÓ¢ÓïÄÑ¡£ 이분은 엄마고 저분은 아빠예요. This is my mom, and that is my dad. Õâ¸öÊÇÎÒÂèÂ裬ÄǸöÊÇÎÒ°Ö°Ö¡£ The pattern '-(으 ㄹ 줄 알다/모르다' : One knows (doesn't know) how to do sth ¸ñʽ'-(으 ㄹ 줄 알다/모르다' ÖªµÀ£¨²»ÖªµÀ£©Ôõô×öijÊÂThis pattern is used to express the knowledge or lack of knowledge of a technique or process of doing something. ´Ë¸ñʽÊÇÓÃÀ´±í´ïÖªµÀ»ò²»ÖªµÀ×öijʵļ¼ÇÉ»ò¹ý³Ì¡£ 자동차 운전할 줄 알아요(아세요 ? Do you know how to drive ? ÄãÖªµÀÔõô¿ª³µÃ´£¿ 네, 운전할 줄 알아요. Yes, I know how to drive. Êǵģ¬ÎÒÖªµÀÔõô¿ª³µ¡£ 아니오, 운전할 줄 몰라요. No, I don't know how to drive. ²»£¬ÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÔõô¿ª³µ¡£ 피아노를 칠 줄 알아요(아세요 ? Do you know how to play the piano ? ÄãÖªµÀÔõôµ¯¸ÖÇÙô£¿ 네, 칠 줄 알아요. Yes, I know how to play. Êǵģ¬ÎÒÖªµÀÔõôµ¯¡£ 아니오, 칠 줄 몰라요. No, I don't know how to play. ²»£¬ÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÔõôµ¯¡£ The Tense is expressed with the verb '알다/모르다`. ʱ̬µÄ±ä»¯ÌåÏÖÔÚ¶¯´Ê'알다/모르다ÖС£ 피아노를 칠 줄 알았어요. (그런데 지금은 칠 줄 몰라요.) I knew how to play the piano. (But, now I don't know how to play.) ÎÒÒÔǰ֪µÀÔõôµ¯¸ÖÇÙ£¬£¨µ«ÊÇÏÖÔÚÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÁË¡£ £© 피아노를 칠 줄 몰랐어요. (그런데 지금은 칠 줄 알아요.). I didn't know how to play the piano. (But, now I know how to play.) ÒÔǰÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÔõôµ¯¸ÖÇÙ£¬£¨µ«ÊÇÏÖÔÚÎÒÖªµÀÁË¡££© The pattern '-아/어/여 주다(드리다 ' ¸ñʽΪ£º'-아/어/여 주다(드리다 'When the verb '주다' and its respectful counterpart '드리다'(to give) are used in the pattern '-아/어/여 주다(드리다 ', it expresses the speaker's request for something or offer to do something for someone else. '주다' is used for a request or offer to a social equal or inferior.µ±¶¯´Ê'주다'ºÍËüµÄ×ð¾´³Æ'드리다'ÓÃÔÚ´Ë'-아/어/여 주다(드리다 '¸ñʽÖÐʱ£¬±í´ïµÄÒâ˼ÊÇ˵»°Õß¶ÔijʵÄÒªÇó»òÕßÖ÷¶¯Ìá³öΪijÈË×öijÊ¡£'주다'ÓÃÓÚͬ±²»òÕß³¤±²¶Ôϱ²¡£저를 도와 주시겠어요 ? Would you be kind enough to help me ? (Will you help me ?) Äã¿ÉÒÔ°ïÎÒô£¿ 이것을 읽어 주세요. Please read this for me. Çë¸øÎÒ¶ÁÒ»ÏÂÕâ¸ö¡£ 내가 도와 줄게. I will help you.(to an inferior) ÎÒ»á°ïÄãµÄ¡££¨¶Ôϱ²£© '드리다' is used when the speaker makes an offer or request to a social superior, or in any situation when the speaker wants to be polite. '드리다' ÓÃÓÚ˵»°ÕßÇëÇó»òΪÉϼ¶Ìṩ×öijÊ£¬Ò²ÓÃÓÚ˵»°Õß±íʾÀñòµÄ³¡ºÏ¡£ 도와 드릴까요 ? Shall I help you ? ¿ÉÒÔ°ïÄãô£¿ 제가 도와 드리겠어요. I will help you. ÎÒ»á°ïÄãµÄ¡£ 안나한테 읽어 드리세요. Please read it for Anna. Ϊ°²ÄȶÁÒ»ÏÂÕâ¸ö¡£ The pattern '-기 전에' ; before doing ÔÚ×öijÊÂ֮ǰ The word ¡®전¡¯ is a noun meaning ¡°time before¡± or ¡°place in front¡± and ¡®-에¡¯ is a marker meaning ¡°at, in, on¡±. So the pattern ¡®-기 전에¡¯ is used to express of ¡®before something happens¡¯. This pattern is always used with verbs, and the subjects of the two clauses can be either the same or different. Ãû´Ê ¡®전¡¯ Òâ˼ÊÇ...֮ǰ»òÕßǰ·½£¬¶ø¡®-에¡¯µÄÒâ˼ÊÇ¡°ÔÚ£¬..ÀïÃæ£¬...ÉÏÃæ¡±¡£Õâ¸ö¸ñʽÓÃÀ´±í´ï¡°ÔÚijÊ·¢Éú֮ǰ¡±£¬´Ë¸ñʽ×ÜÊǺͶ¯´ÊÁ¬Ó㬶øÇÒÁ½¸ö¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷Óï¿ÉÒÔÒ»ÖÂÒ²¿ÉÒÔ²»Ò»Ö¡£ 오시기 전에 전화하세요. Please give me a call, before you come. ÄãÀ´Ö®Ç°¸øÎÒ´ò¸öµç»°¡£ 잊기 전에 메모하세요. Please write a memo before you forget. ÔÚÄãÍü¼Ç֮ǰд¸öÁôÑÔ¡£ 집에 가기 전에 제 사무실에 들르세요. Before you go home, please drop by my office. Äã»Ø¼Ò֮ǰ£¬µ½ÎҰ칫ÊÒÀ´Ò»ÌË¡£ 일하기 전에 식사를 하세요. Please eat before you start working. ¹¤×÷ǰÏȳԷ¹¡£ 앤디씨가 오기 전에 영희씨는 집에 가세요. Younghee, you should go home before Andy comes. Ó¢¼§Ó¦¸ÃÔÚ°£µÏÀ´Ö®Ç°»Ø¼Ò¡£ The pattern '-지 말다' : don't do ²»Òª×ö On it's own, the verb `말다' means 'to stop, to cease, to quit.' So the pattern '-지 말다` preceded by an action verb expresses prohibition or dissuasion. This pattern is always used as a negative imperative sentence or a negative propositive sentence. ¾Í ¶¯´Ê±¾Éí `말다'À´½²£¬ËüµÄÒâ˼ÊÇÍ£Ö¹£¬ËùÒԴ˸ñʽ¼ÓÉÏÇ°ÃæµÄ¶¯×÷¶¯´Ê±íʾ½ûÖ¹»ò²»Í¬Òâ¡£´Ë¸ñʽ×ÜÊÇÓÃÓÚ·ñ¶¨Æîʹ¾ä»ò·ñ¶¨µÄ½¨Òé¾ä¡£ 학교에 가지 마세요. Please don't go to school. Çë²»ÒªÉÏѧ¡£ 늦게 주무시지 마십시오. Please don't go to bed late. Ç벻Ҫ˯µÃÌ«Íí¡£ 지금 떠나지 마세요. Please don't leave now. ²»ÒªÏÖÔÚÀ뿪¡£ 울지 마세요. Don't cry.²»Òª¿Þ¡£ 버스는 타지 맙시다. Let's not take a bus. ÎÒÃDz»Òª³Ë¹«¹²Æû³µ¡£ 오늘은 그분을 만나지 맙시다. Let's not meet him today. ÎÒÃǽñÌì²»Òª¼ûËû¡£ The pattern '-기로 하다.' : decide to do ¾ö¶¨È¥×ö... The pattern '-기로 하다' is used to indicate one's decision, making a choice between alternatives, or arriving at a solution to an uncertainty or dispute. So, this pattern is usually used in the past tense. ´Ë¸ñʽÓÃÀ´±íÃ÷ijÈ˵ľö¶¨£¬ÔÚÁ½Õß¼ä×öÑ¡Ôñ£¬»òÕß´Ó²»È·ÐÅ»òÕùÂÛÖеóö¸ö½áÂÛ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬´Ë¸ñʽһ°ãÓÃÓÚ¹ýȥʽ¡£ 담배를 끊기로 했어요. I decided to quit smoking.ÎÒÒѾö¶¨½äÑÌ¡£ 술을 마시지 않기로 했어요. I decided not to drink. ÎÒÒѾö¶¨²»ÔٺȾơ£ 이번 주말에 여행을 가기로 했어요. I decided to go on a trip.ÎÒÒѾö¶¨ÕâÖÜÈ¥ÂÃÐС£ In this form, the verb `-하다' can be replaced by the verb `약속하다, 결정하다, 결심하다, 작정하다' etc. See the following examples : Ôڴ˸ñʽÖУ¬¶¯´Ê `-하다' ¿ÉÒÔÌæ»»Îª`약속하다, 결정하다, 결심하다, 작정하다' µÈ¡£Çë¿´ÒÔϵÄÀý×Ó£º 담배를 끊기로 결정했어요. I decided to quit smoking.ÎÒÒѾö¶¨½äÑÌ¡£ 담배를 끊기로 약속했어요. I promised to quit smoking. ÎÒÒÑÔÊŵ½äÑÌ¡£ 담배를 끊기로 결심했어요. I made up my mind to quit smoking.ÎÒÒÑϾöÐĽäÑÌ There are two different ways of expressing the negative. In the first, when the pattern is preceded by a negative '-지 않기로 하다', it means 'to decide not to do'. In the second, when the negative is expressed in the verb '-기로 하다` itself, like '-기로 하지 않다', it means 'do not decide to do'. ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ¸ñʽ±í´ï·ñ¶¨¡£Ê×ÏÈ£¬'-지 않기로 하다'±íʾ¾ö¶¨²»×öijÊ£¬Æä´Î£¬µ±·ñ¶¨ÔÚ¶¯´Ê '-기로 하다` ÖÐÌåÏֵϰ£¬Èç'-기로 하지 않다'£¬±íʾûÓоö¶¨È¥×öijÊ¡£ 먹지 않기로 했어요. I decided not to eat. ÎÒÒѾö¶¨²»³ÔÁË¡£ 먹기로 하지 않았어요. I haven't decided to eat. ÎÒ»¹Ã»Óоö¶¨³ÔÄØ¡£ '-기로 하다';¾ö¶¨×÷ʲô´òËã×÷ʲô |
3Â¥2006-04-03 12:20:06
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