| ²é¿´: 1109 | »Ø¸´: 6 | |||
| µ±Ç°Ö÷ÌâÒѾ´æµµ¡£ | |||
| µ±Ç°Ö»ÏÔʾÂú×ãÖ¸¶¨Ìõ¼þµÄ»ØÌû£¬µã»÷ÕâÀï²é¿´±¾»°ÌâµÄËùÓлØÌû | |||
llljjj999Òø³æ (СÓÐÃûÆø)
|
[½»Á÷]
º«¹úÓïÓï·¨Ñ§Ï°Çø
|
||
|
ÒÔϵÄÓ﷨ѧϰ×ÊÁÏÓкܴ󲿷ֶ¼ÊDZ¾ÈË´Óhttp://korean.sogang.ac.krºÍº«¹úÓï½ÌÊÒhttp://study.hanguo.net.cnÍøÕ¾ÖÐÕÒµ½µÄ£¬ÄÇÀïÓеĽâÊÍÓõÄÊÇÓ¢ÓΪÁËijЩӢÓﲻ̫ÊìÁ·µÄÅóÓÑѧϰ·½±ã£¬ÎÒ¼ÓÉÏÁ˺ºÓï½âÊÍ¡£Ï£Íû´ó¼ÒºÃºÃѧϰ£º£© µÚÒ»½Ú£º The pattern '-고 싶다' : would like to (do)/want to (do) ¸ñʽΪ'-고 싶다' £¬Òâ˼Ϊ£ºÏëÒª×ö... The pattern ¡®-고 싶다¡¯ is used to indicate the desire of the subject and is used with action verbs and ¡®있다¡¯. This pattern ¡®-고 싶다¡¯ is used with first person statements and second person questions. Here are some examples: ¡®-고 싶다¡¯ Õâ¸ö¸ñʽÊÇÓÃÀ´±íÃ÷Ö÷ÓïµÄÔ¸Íû£¬ºÍ±íʾ¶¯×÷µÄ¶¯´ÊºÍ¡®있다¡¯Á¬Óá£Õâ¸ö¸ñʽÊÊÓÃÓÚ£ºµÚÒ»È˳ƵijÂÊö¾äºÍµÚ¶þÈ˳ƵÄÒÉÎʾ䡣ÒÔÏÂÊǼ¸¸öÀý×Ó£º 사과를 사고 싶어요. (I) would like to buy an apple. ÎÒÏëÂòÆ»¹û¡£ 커피를 마시고 싶어요. (I) would like to drink a cup of coffee.ÎÒÏëºÈ¿§·È¡£ 한국에 가고 싶어요. (I) would like to go to Korea. ÎÒÏëÈ¥º«¹ú¡£ 안나씨를 만나고 싶어요? Would you like to see Anna? ÄãÏë¼û°²ÄÈô£¿ 어디에 가고 싶으세요? Where would you like to go? ÄãÏëÈ¥ÄÄÀ Tense and negation are expressed in the verb '싶다'. ʱ̬ºÍ·ñ¶¨¶¼ÔÚ¶¯´Ê '싶다'Öбíʾ¡£È磺 피자를 먹고 싶어요. I wanted to eat Pizza. ÎÒÏë³ÔÆ¤Èø±ý¡£ 피자를 먹고 싶지 않아요. I don't want to eat pizza. ÎÒ²»Ïë³ÔÆ¤Èø±ý¡£ 2. The pattern '-아(어/여 보다' ¸ñʽΪ£º'-아(어/여 보다' (1) On it's own, '보다' means 'to see'. The pattern '-아(어/여 보다' is used to convey meanings such as 'someone tries doing something ( to see how it will turn out)' or 'someone does something to see (how it will turn out)'. ¾Í'보다'±¾ÉíÀ´½²£¬ËüµÄÒâ˼Ϊ¡°¿´¡±¡£¶ø'-아(어/여 보다' Õâ¸ö¸ñʽÊÇÓÃÀ´±í´ïÒÔϵÄÒâ˼£ºÈ磬ijÈËÊÔ×ÅÈ¥×öijÊ£¨¿´½á¹û»áÊÇÔõÑù£©»òÕßijÈËΪÁËÖªµÀ½á¹ûÔõÑù¶ø×öijÊÂ이 구두를 신어 보세요. Please try on these shoes. ÇëÊÔÊÔÕâЩЬ¡£ 전화해 보세요. Please try to call. Çë´òµç»°¿´¿´¡£ 여기서 기다려 보세요. Please wait here. ÇëÔÚÕâÀïµÈµÈ¿´¿´¡£ (2) With past tense form. it can be used to express experience as well as the meanings mentioned in (1) ¹ýÈ¥Ê±ÄØ£¬²»½ö¿ÉÒÔ±íʾÈ磨1£©ÖÐËù½²µÄÒâ˼£¬¶øÇÒÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´±íʾ¹ýÈ¥µÄ¾Àú¡£ 저는 한국에 가 봤어요. I have been to Korea. ÎÒÈ¥¹ýº«¹ú¡£ 저는 멜라니를 만나 봤어요. I have met Melanie. ÎÒ¼û¹ý÷ÀÄÝ¡£ 3. The pattern '-아/어/여 보이다' ¸ñʽΪ'-아/어/여 보이다' : someone(or something) looks (appears, seems...) ijÈË£¨Ä³Î¿´ÆðÀ´... This pattern conveys meanings such as likeness, resemblance, or similarity, when attached directly to the stems of adjectives. The past tense form of this pattern is '-아/어/여 보였다.' Õâ¸ö¸ñʽֱ½Ó½ÓÔÚÐÎÈݴʺóÃæÊ±£¬Òâ˼ΪÀàËÆ£¬ÏàËÆ -아 보이다 is after verb stems having '아/오' -아 보이다·ÅÔÚ¶¯´Ê´ÊβÓÐ'아/오'ºóÃæ -어 보이다 is after verb stems having other vowel '아/오' -어 보이다 ·ÅÔÚ¶¯´Ê´ÊβÓÐÆäËûÔªÒô'아/오'µÄºóÃæ -여 보이다 is after verb stems having '-하다' 여 보이다 ·ÅÔÚ¶¯´Ê´ÊβΪ'-하다' µÄºóÃæ 옷이 작아 보여요. The clothes look small. Ò·þ¿´ÆðÀ´Ð¡¡£ 한국음식이 맛있어 보여요. Korean food looks delicious. º«Ê³¿´ÆðÀ´ºÜºÃ³Ô¡£ 그분이 행복해 보여요. He looks happy. ÄÇÈË¿´ÆðÀ´ºÜÐÒ¸£¡£ 4. The pattern '-(으 ㄹ 거예요' : will ¸ñʽΪ£º'-(으 ㄹ 거예요' £¬Òâ˼ÊÇ£º½«Òª This pattern is used in the first or second person to express an action which is going to take place in the future. ´Ë¸ñʽÓÃÓÚµÚÒ»µÚ¶þÈ˳ƣ¬±í´ïijһ¶¯×÷½«Òª·¢Éú (1) -ㄹ 거예요 : If the verb stem ends in a vowel. Èç¹û¶¯´ÊÒÔÔªÒô½á⣬¸ñʽΪ£º-ㄹ 거예요 안나씨, 내일 뭐 할 거예요? Anna, what will you do tomorrow? °²ÄÈ£¬ÄãÃ÷ÌìÒª×öʲô£¿ 저는 내일 이사를 할 거예요. I will move tomorrow. ÎÒÃ÷ÌìÒª°á¼Ò¡£ (2) -을 거예요 : If the verb stem ends in a consonant. Èç¹û¶¯´ÊÒÔ¸¨Òô½á⣬¸ñʽΪ£º-을 거예요 지금 점심 먹을 거예요? Will you have lunch now? ÄãÏÖÔÚÒª³ÔÎ緹ô£¿ 아니오, 30분 후에 먹을 거예요. No, I will have it in 30 minutes. ²»£¬30·ÖÖÓºóÔÙ³Ô¡£ |
» ²ÂÄãϲ»¶
336Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ3È˻ظ´
286Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ3È˻ظ´
Ò»Ö¾Ô¸»ªÖпƼ¼´óѧ071000£¬Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ3È˻ظ´
279·ÖÇóµ÷¼Á Ò»Ö¾Ô¸211
ÒѾÓÐ14È˻ظ´
332Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ3È˻ظ´
0856²ÄÁÏר˶353Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ3È˻ظ´
²ÄÁÏѧѧ˶080502 337Çóµ÷¼Á-Ò»Ö¾Ô¸»ªÖпƼ¼´óѧ
ÒѾÓÐ5È˻ظ´
085601µ÷¼Á 358·Ö
ÒѾÓÐ4È˻ظ´
0856 271Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ3È˻ظ´
ÄÜÔ´²ÄÁÏ»¯Ñ§¿ÎÌâ×éÕÐÊÕ˶ʿÑо¿Éú8-10Ãû
ÒѾÓÐ15È˻ظ´
llljjj999
Òø³æ (СÓÐÃûÆø)
- Ó¦Öú: 0 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 1857.3
- ºì»¨: 1
- Ìû×Ó: 191
- ÔÚÏß: 13.5Сʱ
- ³æºÅ: 40764
- ×¢²á: 2004-03-02
- רҵ: Ó¦ÓÃÓлú»¯Ñ§
The pattern `-(으 ㄹ 때' is used to express the time when something takes place or exists. When the two actions happen at the same time, past tense is not expressed with this pattern. But if the action of the `-ㄹ 때' clause happened before the action of the nexe clause, past tense should be expressed in the `-ㄹ때' clause. This pattern is used with all verbs and adjectives but `이다' can be used only in the past tense, not in the present tense. '-을때' is used after verb stems ending in a consonant, '-ㄹ때' is used after verb stems ending in a vowel.´Ë¸ñʽÓÃÀ´±íʾijÊ·¢Éú»ò´æÔÚµÄʱ¼ä¡£µ±Á½¸ö¶¯×÷ͬʱ¼ä·¢ÉúµÄʱºò£¬´Ë¸ñʽ²»±íʾ¹ýȥʽ¡£µ«Êǵ±ÓÐ`-ㄹ 때' µÄ¾ä×ӵ͝×÷·¢ÉúÔÚÏÂÒ»¸ö¾ä×Ó¶¯×÷µÄÇ°ÃæÊ±£¬¹ýȥʽӦ¸ÃÔÚ`-ㄹ 때' ÖÐÌåÏÖ³öÀ´¡£´Ë¸ñʽÓë¸÷ÖÖ¶¯´ÊºÍÐÎÈÝ´ÊÁ¬Ó㬵«ÊÇ이다'Ö»ÄÜÓÃÓÚ¹ýȥʱ£¬¶ø²»ÊÇÏÖÔÚʱ¡£µ±¶¯´ÊβÒôÊǸ¨ÒôµÄʱºòÓÃ'-을때' £¬µ±¶¯´ÊβÒôÊÇÔªÒôµÄʱºòÓÃ`-ㄹ때' ¡£ 그분이 떠날 때, 같이 갑시다. When he leaves, let's go together. µ±Ëû×ßµÄʱºò£¬ÎÒÃÇÒ²Ò»Æð×ß¡£ 날씨가 좋을 때, 여행을 가겠습니다. When the weather is good, I will take a trip. ÌìÆøºÃµÄ»°£¬ÎÒҪȥÂÃÐС£ 제가 한국에 갔을 때, 날씨가 아주 추웠어요. When I went to Korea, it was very cold.ÎÒÈ¥º«¹úµÄÄǸöʱºò£¬ÌìÆø·Ç³£Àä¡£ 제가 학교에 갔을 때, 김선생님은 안 계셨어요. When I went to school, Mr. Kim was not there. ÎÒÈ¥ÉÏѧµÄʱºò£¬½ðÏÈÉú²»ÔÚ¡£ 내가 중학생이었을 때, 그곳에 갔어요. When I was a middle school student, I went there. µ±ÎÒ»¹ÊÇÖÐѧÉúµÄʱºò£¬ÎÒÈ¥¹ýÄÇÀï¡£ This pattern can be followed by any of the particles such as `-이/가, -을/를, -에, -도, -마다, -까지, -부터, etc.. ´Ë¸ñʽºó¿ÉÒÔ½Ó `-이/가, -을/를, -에, -도, -마다, -까지, -부터, µÈ´Ê¡£ 학교에 갈 때가 되었어요. It's time to go to school.µ½ÉÏѧµÄʱ¼äÁË¡£ (The time that we go to school came) 한국에 올 때마다 한국 음식을 먹어요. Whenever I come to Korea, I eat Korean food. ÿµ±ÎÒÀ´º«¹ú£¬ÎÒ¶¼³Ôº«Ê³¡£ 이 일은 시작할 때부터 끝날 때까지 기분이 좋았어요. From the time that I began this work, to the time that I finished, I felt good. ´Ó¹¤×÷Ò»¿ªÊ¼µ½¹¤×÷½áÊøÎÒµÄÐÄÇé¶¼ºÜºÃ¡£ The Pattern ¡®-고 있다' : (someone) is doing (something) ijÈËÔÚ×öijÊ The pattern '-고 있다` is used to indicate a kind of process or continuing action. ´Ë¸ñʽ±í´ïÒ»ÖÖ¹ý³Ì»òÁ¬ÐøµÄ¶¯×÷¡£ 뭘 하고 있어요 ? What are you doing now ? ÄãÏÖÔÚÔÚ×öʲô£¿ - 한국어 공부를 하고 있어요. - I'm studying Korean. ÎÒÔÚѧϰº«¹úÓï¡£ - 친구를 기다리고 있어요. - I'm waiting for my friends. ÎÒÔÚµÈÎÒµÄÅóÓÑ¡£ Tense and negation are expressed in the verb ¡®있다'. ʱ̬ºÍ·ñ¶¨¶¼ÔÚ¶¯´Ê¡®있다'ÖÐÌåÏÖ¡£ 친구를 기다리고 있었어요. I was waiting for my friends.ÄÇʱÎÒÔÚµÈÎÒµÄÅóÓÑ¡£ 친구를 기다리고 있을 거예요. I will be waiting for my friends. ÎÒ½«ÒªµÈÎÒµÄÅóÓÑ¡£ There are two ways to express negation. ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ±íʾ·ñ¶¨µÄ·½·¨¡£ 친구를 기다리고 있어요 ? Are you waiting for your friends? ÄãÔÚµÈÅóÓÑô£¿ - 아니오, 친구를 안 기다리고 있어요. - No, I'm not waiting for my friends. û£¬ÎÒûÔÚµÈÎÒµÄÅóÓÑ¡£ - 아니오, 친구를 기다리고 있지 않아요. - No, I'm not waiting for my friends. û£¬ÎÒûÔÚµÈÎÒµÄÅóÓÑ¡£ Sometimes, this pattern is used with the honorific '계시다' to address or refer to persons of superior social standing, like older people, teachers, etc. ÓеÄʱºò´Ë¸ñʽÓÃ×ð³Æ'계시다'À´±íʾ»ò³Æºô±È×Ô¼ºÖ°Î»¸ßÄêÁä´ó»òÉç»áµØÎ»¸ßµÄÈË£¬È磬ÀÏʦµÈ¡£ 누구를 기다리고 계세요? Who are you waiting for? ÄúÔÚµÈË£¿ 아버지는 주무시고 계세요. My father is sleeping. ÎҵİְÖÔÚ˯¾õ¡£ 무엇을 하고 계셨어요? What were you doing? ÄúÄÇʱÔÚ×öʲô£¿ 무엇을 하고 계실 거예요? What are you going to do? ÄúÒ»»á×öʲô£¿ However, this pattern can have two different meanings when used with verbs dealing with items of clothing : 입다, 쓰다, 신다. ect. È»¶ø£¬´Ë¸ñʽÓë±íʾÒ·þµÄ´Ê£¬Èç입다, 쓰다, 신다µÈÁ¬ÓõÄʱºò¿ÉÒÔÓÃÁ½ÖÖÒâ˼¡£ 그 사람은 모자를 쓰고 있어요. He is putting on a hat.ËûÔÚ´÷ñ×Ó¡£ Or, he has a hat on. Ëû´÷×Åñ×Ó¡£ This pattern is often used to express an action which started in the past and is still going on. ´Ë¸ñʽ»¹³£ÓÃÔÚÔÚ¹ýÈ¥·¢ÉúµÄ¶¯×÷µ«Ò»Ö±³ÖÐøµ½ÏÖÔÚµÄÇé¿öÖС£ 이 회사에서 십 년 동안 일하고 있어요. I've been working at this company for the past ten years. ÔÚ¹ýÈ¥µÄÎåÄêÖÐÎÒÒ»Ö±ÔÚÕâ¸ö¹«Ë¾¹¤×÷¡££¨ÏÖÔÚÒ²»¹ÔÚÕâÀ﹤×÷¡££© The contract forms of indirect discourse:'-(ㄴ 대요' : They(He/She) say(s) that ¼ä½ÓÒýÓËû£¨Ëý¡¢ËûÃÇ£©Ëµ...In the case of casual speech, the indirect form '-(다/라/자 고 하다' can be contracted into the form of '-대요 / -래요 / -재요' in the present tense, and '-댔어요/랬어요/쟀어요' in the past tense. For example : ¾ÍÒ»°ãÇé¿öÀ´½²£¬¼ä½ÓÐÎʽ'-(다/라/자 고 하다'¿ÉÒÔËõд³É'-대요 / -래요 / -재요'£¬Èç¹ûÊÇÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ£¬Èç¹ûʽ¹ýȥʱ¾ÍËõд³É'-댔어요/랬어요/쟀어요' ¡£ÈçÒÔÏÂÀý×Ó£º Declarative ³ÂÊö¾ä 1. A says that ¡°한국말이 쉽습니다(Korean is easy).¡±A˵£º¡°º«¹úÓï¼òµ¥¡£¡± A가 한국말이 쉽다고 해요. (A says that Korean is easy.)A˵º«¹úÓï¼òµ¥¡£ A가 한국말이 쉽대요. (Present tense)A˵º«¹úÓï¼òµ¥¡££¨ÏÖÔÚʱ£© 2. A said that ¡°한국말이 쉽습니다(Korean is easy).¡±AÔø¾Ëµ¹ý£º¡°º«¹úÓï¼òµ¥¡£¡± A가 한국말이 쉽다고 했어요. (A said that Korean is easy.)A˵¹ýº«¹úÓï¼òµ¥¡£ A가 한국말이 쉽댔어요. (Past tense)A˵¹ýº«¹úÓï¼òµ¥¡£ £¨¹ýȥʱ£© Imperatives ÃüÁî¾ä 1. A order that ¡°밖으로 나가라(Go out)!¡±AÃüÁî˵£º¡°³öÈ¥£¡¡± A가 밖으로 나가라고 해요. (A orders to go out.)AÏÂÃüÁî˵³öÈ¥¡£ A가 밖으로 나가대요. (Present tense) AÏÂÃüÁî˵³öÈ¥¡££¨ÏÖÔÚʱ£© 2. A ordered that ¡°밖으로 나가라(Go out)!¡±AÔøÏ¹ýÃüÁî˵£º¡°³öÈ¥£¡¡± A가 밖으로 나가라고 했어요. (A ordered to go out.) AÔøÏ¹ýÃüÁî˵³öÈ¥¡£ A가 밖으로 나가랬어요. (Past tense)AÔøÏ¹ýÃüÁî˵³öÈ¥¡££¨¹ýȥʱ£© |
5Â¥2006-04-03 12:21:06
2Â¥2006-04-03 00:06:30
llljjj999
Òø³æ (СÓÐÃûÆø)
- Ó¦Öú: 0 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 1857.3
- ºì»¨: 1
- Ìû×Ó: 191
- ÔÚÏß: 13.5Сʱ
- ³æºÅ: 40764
- ×¢²á: 2004-03-02
- רҵ: Ó¦ÓÃÓлú»¯Ñ§
|
If the subject of the sentence is the 3rd person pronoun, this pattern indicates likelihood or probability. Èç¹ûÖ÷ÓïÊǵÚÈýÈ˳ƣ¬ÄÇô´Ë¸ñʽ±í´ïÊÂÇé·¢ÉúµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ¡£ 5. The pattern' -고 싶어 하다' : want to do -, would like to - ¸ñʽΪ£º' -고 싶어 하다'£¬Òâ˼ÊÇ£ºÏëÒª×ö... This pattern `-고 싶어 하다' is used to express desires in third person subject statements and questions with all verbs and `있다'. ´Ë¸ñʽÓÃÓÚµÚÈýÈ˳ÆÎªÖ÷ÓïµÄ³ÂÊö¾äÒÔ¼°Óɶ¯´ÊºÍ있다¹¹³ÉµÄÒÉÎʾäÖУ¬±í´ïÖ÷ÓïµÄÔ¸Íû 안나씨가 어디에 가고 싶어 해요? Where does Anna want to go? °²ÄÈÏëÈ¥ÄÄÀ 안나씨는 집에 가고 싶어 해요. Anna wants to go to home. °²ÄÈÏë»Ø¼Ò¡£ 앤디씨가 무엇을 먹고 싶어 해요? What does Andy want to eat? °£µÏÏë³Ôʲô£¿ 앤디씨는 불고기를 먹고 싶어 해요. Andy wants to eat Bulgogi. °£µÏÏë³Ô¿¾Èâ¡£ Tense is expressed in the verb `싶어 하다', such as `싶어 했어요'. ʱ̬ÌåÏÖÔÚ¶¯´Ê½á¹¹ `싶어 하다'£¬Èç¹ýȥʱΪ`싶어 했어요' 미나씨가 어디에 가고 싶어 했어요 ? Where did Mina want to go ? ÃÀÄÈÏëÈ¥ÄÄÀïÀ´×Å£¿ 집에 가고 싶어 했어요 She wanted to go home. ËýÏë»Ø¼ÒÀ´×Å¡£ Negation is expressed in the verb `싶어 하다' with `-지 않다', such as `싶어 하지 않아요'. ·ñ¶¨Ê½µÄ¹¹³ÉÊÇÔÚ`싶어 하다'ºóÃæ¼ÓÉÏ `-지 않다'£¬Èç싶어 하지 않아요'¡£ 미나씨가 집에 가고 싶어 했어요 ? Did Mina want to go home ? ÃÀÄÇÏë»Ø¼ÒÁËô£¿ 아니오, 집에 가고 싶어 하지 않았어요. No, she didn't want to go home. 4. The connective '-고' ; Á¬´Ê'-고' Á¬´Ê'-고' ÓÃÓÚÁ¬½ÓÁ½¸öͬλµÄ¾ä×Ó¡£µ±Á½¸ö¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷ÓïÒ»ÑùµÄʱºò£¬Á½¸ö¾ä×Ó±í´ïµÄÊÂÇéÊÇÁ¬Ðø·¢ÉúµÄ¡£ÔÚÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬Á¬´Ê'-고' Òâζ×Å£ºÏÈ×öA,È»ºóÔÙ×öB.µ«Êǵ±Á½¸ö¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷ÓﲻͬµÄʱºò£¬Á½¸ö¾ä×Ó±í´ï±È½ÏµÄÒâ˼£¬Óë ¡®-은/는Á¬ÓᣠThis connective ¡®-고¡¯ is used to link two clauses in coordination. When the subjects of the two clauses are the same, the two clauses means sequential process. So, in this case, the connective ¡®-고¡¯ means ¡® doing A first, and then doing B later¡¯. But when the subjects of the two clauses are different, these two clauses express comparison, and are used with the topic marker ¡®-은/는¡¯. 숙제를 하고 가겠어요. I¡¯ll do my homework first and then go. ÎÒÏÈ×ö×÷ҵȻºóÔÙ×ß¡£ 친구를 만나고 집에 갈 거에요. I¡¯ll meet my friend and then go home. ÎÒÏȺÍÅóÓѼûÃæÈ»ºó»Ø¼Ò¡£ 저는 공부하고 친구는 TV를 봐요. I¡¯m studying and my friend is sleeping. ÎÒÔÚѧϰ£¬µ«ÊÇÎÒÅóÓÑÔÚ˯¾õ¡£ 저는 크고 그분은 작아요. I am tall and he is short. ÎÒ¸ö×Ӹߵ«ÊÇËû¸ö×Ó°«¡£ 한국말은 재미있고 영어는 어려워요. Korean is interesting and English is difficult. º«¹úÓïÓÐÒâ˼£¬µ«ÊÇÓ¢ÓïÄÑ¡£ 이분은 엄마고 저분은 아빠예요. This is my mom, and that is my dad. Õâ¸öÊÇÎÒÂèÂ裬ÄǸöÊÇÎÒ°Ö°Ö¡£ The pattern '-(으 ㄹ 줄 알다/모르다' : One knows (doesn't know) how to do sth ¸ñʽ'-(으 ㄹ 줄 알다/모르다' ÖªµÀ£¨²»ÖªµÀ£©Ôõô×öijÊÂThis pattern is used to express the knowledge or lack of knowledge of a technique or process of doing something. ´Ë¸ñʽÊÇÓÃÀ´±í´ïÖªµÀ»ò²»ÖªµÀ×öijʵļ¼ÇÉ»ò¹ý³Ì¡£ 자동차 운전할 줄 알아요(아세요 ? Do you know how to drive ? ÄãÖªµÀÔõô¿ª³µÃ´£¿ 네, 운전할 줄 알아요. Yes, I know how to drive. Êǵģ¬ÎÒÖªµÀÔõô¿ª³µ¡£ 아니오, 운전할 줄 몰라요. No, I don't know how to drive. ²»£¬ÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÔõô¿ª³µ¡£ 피아노를 칠 줄 알아요(아세요 ? Do you know how to play the piano ? ÄãÖªµÀÔõôµ¯¸ÖÇÙô£¿ 네, 칠 줄 알아요. Yes, I know how to play. Êǵģ¬ÎÒÖªµÀÔõôµ¯¡£ 아니오, 칠 줄 몰라요. No, I don't know how to play. ²»£¬ÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÔõôµ¯¡£ The Tense is expressed with the verb '알다/모르다`. ʱ̬µÄ±ä»¯ÌåÏÖÔÚ¶¯´Ê'알다/모르다ÖС£ 피아노를 칠 줄 알았어요. (그런데 지금은 칠 줄 몰라요.) I knew how to play the piano. (But, now I don't know how to play.) ÎÒÒÔǰ֪µÀÔõôµ¯¸ÖÇÙ£¬£¨µ«ÊÇÏÖÔÚÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÁË¡£ £© 피아노를 칠 줄 몰랐어요. (그런데 지금은 칠 줄 알아요.). I didn't know how to play the piano. (But, now I know how to play.) ÒÔǰÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÔõôµ¯¸ÖÇÙ£¬£¨µ«ÊÇÏÖÔÚÎÒÖªµÀÁË¡££© The pattern '-아/어/여 주다(드리다 ' ¸ñʽΪ£º'-아/어/여 주다(드리다 'When the verb '주다' and its respectful counterpart '드리다'(to give) are used in the pattern '-아/어/여 주다(드리다 ', it expresses the speaker's request for something or offer to do something for someone else. '주다' is used for a request or offer to a social equal or inferior.µ±¶¯´Ê'주다'ºÍËüµÄ×ð¾´³Æ'드리다'ÓÃÔÚ´Ë'-아/어/여 주다(드리다 '¸ñʽÖÐʱ£¬±í´ïµÄÒâ˼ÊÇ˵»°Õß¶ÔijʵÄÒªÇó»òÕßÖ÷¶¯Ìá³öΪijÈË×öijÊ¡£'주다'ÓÃÓÚͬ±²»òÕß³¤±²¶Ôϱ²¡£저를 도와 주시겠어요 ? Would you be kind enough to help me ? (Will you help me ?) Äã¿ÉÒÔ°ïÎÒô£¿ 이것을 읽어 주세요. Please read this for me. Çë¸øÎÒ¶ÁÒ»ÏÂÕâ¸ö¡£ 내가 도와 줄게. I will help you.(to an inferior) ÎÒ»á°ïÄãµÄ¡££¨¶Ôϱ²£© '드리다' is used when the speaker makes an offer or request to a social superior, or in any situation when the speaker wants to be polite. '드리다' ÓÃÓÚ˵»°ÕßÇëÇó»òΪÉϼ¶Ìṩ×öijÊ£¬Ò²ÓÃÓÚ˵»°Õß±íʾÀñòµÄ³¡ºÏ¡£ 도와 드릴까요 ? Shall I help you ? ¿ÉÒÔ°ïÄãô£¿ 제가 도와 드리겠어요. I will help you. ÎÒ»á°ïÄãµÄ¡£ 안나한테 읽어 드리세요. Please read it for Anna. Ϊ°²ÄȶÁÒ»ÏÂÕâ¸ö¡£ The pattern '-기 전에' ; before doing ÔÚ×öijÊÂ֮ǰ The word ¡®전¡¯ is a noun meaning ¡°time before¡± or ¡°place in front¡± and ¡®-에¡¯ is a marker meaning ¡°at, in, on¡±. So the pattern ¡®-기 전에¡¯ is used to express of ¡®before something happens¡¯. This pattern is always used with verbs, and the subjects of the two clauses can be either the same or different. Ãû´Ê ¡®전¡¯ Òâ˼ÊÇ...֮ǰ»òÕßǰ·½£¬¶ø¡®-에¡¯µÄÒâ˼ÊÇ¡°ÔÚ£¬..ÀïÃæ£¬...ÉÏÃæ¡±¡£Õâ¸ö¸ñʽÓÃÀ´±í´ï¡°ÔÚijÊ·¢Éú֮ǰ¡±£¬´Ë¸ñʽ×ÜÊǺͶ¯´ÊÁ¬Ó㬶øÇÒÁ½¸ö¾ä×ÓµÄÖ÷Óï¿ÉÒÔÒ»ÖÂÒ²¿ÉÒÔ²»Ò»Ö¡£ 오시기 전에 전화하세요. Please give me a call, before you come. ÄãÀ´Ö®Ç°¸øÎÒ´ò¸öµç»°¡£ 잊기 전에 메모하세요. Please write a memo before you forget. ÔÚÄãÍü¼Ç֮ǰд¸öÁôÑÔ¡£ 집에 가기 전에 제 사무실에 들르세요. Before you go home, please drop by my office. Äã»Ø¼Ò֮ǰ£¬µ½ÎҰ칫ÊÒÀ´Ò»ÌË¡£ 일하기 전에 식사를 하세요. Please eat before you start working. ¹¤×÷ǰÏȳԷ¹¡£ 앤디씨가 오기 전에 영희씨는 집에 가세요. Younghee, you should go home before Andy comes. Ó¢¼§Ó¦¸ÃÔÚ°£µÏÀ´Ö®Ç°»Ø¼Ò¡£ The pattern '-지 말다' : don't do ²»Òª×ö On it's own, the verb `말다' means 'to stop, to cease, to quit.' So the pattern '-지 말다` preceded by an action verb expresses prohibition or dissuasion. This pattern is always used as a negative imperative sentence or a negative propositive sentence. ¾Í ¶¯´Ê±¾Éí `말다'À´½²£¬ËüµÄÒâ˼ÊÇÍ£Ö¹£¬ËùÒԴ˸ñʽ¼ÓÉÏÇ°ÃæµÄ¶¯×÷¶¯´Ê±íʾ½ûÖ¹»ò²»Í¬Òâ¡£´Ë¸ñʽ×ÜÊÇÓÃÓÚ·ñ¶¨Æîʹ¾ä»ò·ñ¶¨µÄ½¨Òé¾ä¡£ 학교에 가지 마세요. Please don't go to school. Çë²»ÒªÉÏѧ¡£ 늦게 주무시지 마십시오. Please don't go to bed late. Ç벻Ҫ˯µÃÌ«Íí¡£ 지금 떠나지 마세요. Please don't leave now. ²»ÒªÏÖÔÚÀ뿪¡£ 울지 마세요. Don't cry.²»Òª¿Þ¡£ 버스는 타지 맙시다. Let's not take a bus. ÎÒÃDz»Òª³Ë¹«¹²Æû³µ¡£ 오늘은 그분을 만나지 맙시다. Let's not meet him today. ÎÒÃǽñÌì²»Òª¼ûËû¡£ The pattern '-기로 하다.' : decide to do ¾ö¶¨È¥×ö... The pattern '-기로 하다' is used to indicate one's decision, making a choice between alternatives, or arriving at a solution to an uncertainty or dispute. So, this pattern is usually used in the past tense. ´Ë¸ñʽÓÃÀ´±íÃ÷ijÈ˵ľö¶¨£¬ÔÚÁ½Õß¼ä×öÑ¡Ôñ£¬»òÕß´Ó²»È·ÐÅ»òÕùÂÛÖеóö¸ö½áÂÛ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬´Ë¸ñʽһ°ãÓÃÓÚ¹ýȥʽ¡£ 담배를 끊기로 했어요. I decided to quit smoking.ÎÒÒѾö¶¨½äÑÌ¡£ 술을 마시지 않기로 했어요. I decided not to drink. ÎÒÒѾö¶¨²»ÔٺȾơ£ 이번 주말에 여행을 가기로 했어요. I decided to go on a trip.ÎÒÒѾö¶¨ÕâÖÜÈ¥ÂÃÐС£ In this form, the verb `-하다' can be replaced by the verb `약속하다, 결정하다, 결심하다, 작정하다' etc. See the following examples : Ôڴ˸ñʽÖУ¬¶¯´Ê `-하다' ¿ÉÒÔÌæ»»Îª`약속하다, 결정하다, 결심하다, 작정하다' µÈ¡£Çë¿´ÒÔϵÄÀý×Ó£º 담배를 끊기로 결정했어요. I decided to quit smoking.ÎÒÒѾö¶¨½äÑÌ¡£ 담배를 끊기로 약속했어요. I promised to quit smoking. ÎÒÒÑÔÊŵ½äÑÌ¡£ 담배를 끊기로 결심했어요. I made up my mind to quit smoking.ÎÒÒÑϾöÐĽäÑÌ There are two different ways of expressing the negative. In the first, when the pattern is preceded by a negative '-지 않기로 하다', it means 'to decide not to do'. In the second, when the negative is expressed in the verb '-기로 하다` itself, like '-기로 하지 않다', it means 'do not decide to do'. ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ¸ñʽ±í´ï·ñ¶¨¡£Ê×ÏÈ£¬'-지 않기로 하다'±íʾ¾ö¶¨²»×öijÊ£¬Æä´Î£¬µ±·ñ¶¨ÔÚ¶¯´Ê '-기로 하다` ÖÐÌåÏֵϰ£¬Èç'-기로 하지 않다'£¬±íʾûÓоö¶¨È¥×öijÊ¡£ 먹지 않기로 했어요. I decided not to eat. ÎÒÒѾö¶¨²»³ÔÁË¡£ 먹기로 하지 않았어요. I haven't decided to eat. ÎÒ»¹Ã»Óоö¶¨³ÔÄØ¡£ '-기로 하다';¾ö¶¨×÷ʲô´òËã×÷ʲô |
3Â¥2006-04-03 12:20:06
llljjj999
Òø³æ (СÓÐÃûÆø)
- Ó¦Öú: 0 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 1857.3
- ºì»¨: 1
- Ìû×Ó: 191
- ÔÚÏß: 13.5Сʱ
- ³æºÅ: 40764
- ×¢²á: 2004-03-02
- רҵ: Ó¦ÓÃÓлú»¯Ñ§
|
¡¡ ¡¡¡¡¹ßÓÃÐÍ '-기로 하다' ³£Ó붯´ÊÁ¬Óã¬Ï൱ÓÚÖÐÎĵġ®¾ö¶¨×÷ʲô¡¯£¬¡®´òËã×÷ʲô¡¯¡£¾äβ '-기로-하다'(Ç°ÃæÊDZíʾ¶¯×÷µÄ¶¯´Ê)±íʾ´ÓÁ½¸ö»ò¸ü¶àµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔÖÐѡһ¸ö»ò¾ö¶¨£¬»òÕߏı伯»®¡£Õâ¸ö¹ßÓÃÐͲ»³£ÒÔ '-기로' ×÷½á⣬¶øÒÔ '하다' ×÷½áβ¡£ 계획표에 따라 식사량을 줄이기로 했어요. ¾ö¶¨°´Õռƻ®±í¼õÉÙʳÁ¿ÁË¡£ 한아영 씨와 만나기로 했습니다. ¾ö¶¨ºÍº«ÑÇÓ¢¼ûÃæÁË¡£ 그와 함께 식사하기로 했습니다. ¾ö¶¨ºÍËûÒ»Æð³Ô·¹ÁË¡£ The pattern ¡®-면 안 되다' ...µÄ»°²»ÐС£ For the negative answer to a request for permission, you have to use the pattern '-(으 면 안 되다.' '-으면 안 되다' is used after verb stems ending in a consonant except 'ㄷ', -면 안 되다' is used after verb stems ending in a vowel : an consonant 'ㄷ'.¶ÔÇëÇóͬÒâµÄ·ñ¶¨»Ø´ðʱ£¬ÎÒÃÇÓô˸ñʽ¡£'-으면 안 되다' ÓÃÔÚ¶¯´ÊβÒôΪ³ýÁË'ㄷ'µÄ¸¨Òôʱ£¬ -면 안 되다' ÓÃÔÚ¶¯´ÊβÒôΪԪÒôºÍ¸¨Òô'ㄷ'ʱ¡£ 들어가도 괜찮아요?ÎÒ½øÈ¥¿ÉÒÔô£¿ - 아니오, 들어오면 안 돼요.²»¿ÉÒÔ£¬½øÈ¥µÄ»°²»ÐС£ - 네, 들어와도 괜찮아요/돼요/좋아요.Äã¿ÉÒÔ½øÈ¥¡£ May I go in ? - You must not go in. (You shouldn't go in.) - You may go in. 떠들면 안 돼요. You must not make noise. Äã²»ÄÜÖÆÔìÔëÒô¡£ (You shouldn't make noise.) 지각하면 안 돼요. Don't be late. (You shouldn't be late.) ²»Äܳٵ½¡£ ¡¡ ¡¡¡¡¹ßÓÃÐÍ '-기로 하다' ³£Ó붯´ÊÁ¬Óã¬Ï൱ÓÚÖÐÎĵġ®¾ö¶¨×÷ʲô¡¯£¬¡®´òËã×÷ʲô¡¯¡£¾äβ '-기로-하다'(Ç°ÃæÊDZíʾ¶¯×÷µÄ¶¯´Ê)±íʾ´ÓÁ½¸ö»ò¸ü¶àµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔÖÐѡһ¸ö»ò¾ö¶¨£¬»òÕߏı伯»®¡£Õâ¸ö¹ßÓÃÐͲ»³£ÒÔ '-기로' ×÷½á⣬¶øÒÔ '하다' ×÷½áβ¡£ 계획표에 따라 식사량을 줄이기로 했어요. ¾ö¶¨°´Õռƻ®±í¼õÉÙʳÁ¿ÁË¡£ 한아영 씨와 만나기로 했습니다. ¾ö¶¨ºÍº«ÑÇÓ¢¼ûÃæÁË¡£ 그와 함께 식사하기로 했습니다. ¾ö¶¨ºÍËûÒ»Æð³Ô·¹ÁË¡£ The pattern ¡®-면 안 되다' ...µÄ»°²»ÐС£ For the negative answer to a request for permission, you have to use the pattern '-(으 면 안 되다.' '-으면 안 되다' is used after verb stems ending in a consonant except 'ㄷ', -면 안 되다' is used after verb stems ending in a vowel : an consonant 'ㄷ'.¶ÔÇëÇóͬÒâµÄ·ñ¶¨»Ø´ðʱ£¬ÎÒÃÇÓô˸ñʽ¡£'-으면 안 되다' ÓÃÔÚ¶¯´ÊβÒôΪ³ýÁË'ㄷ'µÄ¸¨Òôʱ£¬ -면 안 되다' ÓÃÔÚ¶¯´ÊβÒôΪԪÒôºÍ¸¨Òô'ㄷ'ʱ¡£ 들어가도 괜찮아요?ÎÒ½øÈ¥¿ÉÒÔô£¿ - 아니오, 들어오면 안 돼요.²»¿ÉÒÔ£¬½øÈ¥µÄ»°²»ÐС£ - 네, 들어와도 괜찮아요/돼요/좋아요.Äã¿ÉÒÔ½øÈ¥¡£ May I go in ? - You must not go in. (You shouldn't go in.) - You may go in. 떠들면 안 돼요. You must not make noise. Äã²»ÄÜÖÆÔìÔëÒô¡£ (You shouldn't make noise.) 지각하면 안 돼요. Don't be late. (You shouldn't be late.) ²»Äܳٵ½¡£ |
4Â¥2006-04-03 12:20:33













보다'
»Ø¸´´ËÂ¥