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Table 1. Effect of the alkalies on the condensation of chalcone with malononitrilea Entry Alkali Reaction time (h) Yield(%)b 1 ¡ª 6 40 2 NaOH 6 23 3 KOH 6 28 4 Na2CO3 6 67 5 K2CO3 2 95 6 50c 6 NaHCO3 6 70 aMmol ration of chalcone/malononitrile/I2/alkali is 1.0/1.0/0.1/0.1. The reaction was accomplished in MeOH at room temperature; bIsolated yields; cWithout iodine. ÏÂÃæÊǶÔÓ¦µÄ·ÖÎö First, the condensation of chalcone with malononitrile using molecular iodine as catalyst was examined with several inorganic alkalies catalysts and the results are summarized in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, K2CO3 was more satisfied to obtain excellent yield in short time (entry 5) than other inorganic alkalies. Low yield was obtained and long reaction time was needed using NaOH and KOH as catalysts (entries 2 and 3), this owing to the NaOH and KOH were too strong bases to result in more by-products.[8f] Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 had moderate yields under the same reaction conditions (entries 4 and 6), and they both needed a longer reaction time than K2CO3. However, a long reaction time was needed and low yield was obtained without any base (entry 1) or molecular iodine (entry 5). ÎÒ¾õµÃÊÇ˳ÐòµÄÎÊÌâ,¿ÉÄÜÊÇÎÒ¶ÎÖÐûÓа´1234µÄ˳Ðò·ÖÎö¡£¡£Íû´ó¼ÒÖ¸½Ì [ Last edited by aaaa4564 on 2010-3-5 at 11:03 ] |
3Â¥2010-03-05 10:58:42
xiaoqihu
Ìú¸Ëľ³æ (ÖøÃûдÊÖ)
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2Â¥2010-03-05 10:46:14
xiaoqihu
Ìú¸Ëľ³æ (ÖøÃûдÊÖ)
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- ³æºÅ: 590066
- ×¢²á: 2008-08-31
- רҵ: ÓлúºÏ³É

4Â¥2010-03-05 11:11:23
zzczxl
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5Â¥2010-03-05 16:36:07














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