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[×ÊÔ´] ¡¾·ÖÏí¡¿Understanding Drug Release and Absorption Mechanisms¡¾ÒÑËÑÎÞÖØ¸´¡¿

Understanding Drug Release and Absorption Mechanisms£ºA PHYSICAL and
      MATHEMATICAL APPROACH

Dedication
Mario Grassi
dedicates this book to his parents
Elvira and Giancarlo, his wife Francesca, and
his sons Lucia and Giacomo
Gabriele Grassi
dedicates this book to his
parents Elvira and Giancarlo who taught him
how to live, to Chiara, his shining star of the morning,
and to Roberta, the constant support of his life


Table of Contents
Chapter 1
Mathematical Modeling................................................................................... 1
1.1    Introduction............................................................................................. 1
1.2    Model Building....................................................................................... 3
1.2.1    Model Building: An Example .................................................... 8
1.3    Model Fitting ........................................................................................ 11
1.3.1    Chi-Square Fitting: Straight Line ............................................. 19
1.3.2    Chi-Square Fitting: General Case............................................. 21
1.3.3    Robust Fitting ........................................................................... 22
1.4    Models Comparison.............................................................................. 25
1.5    Conclusions........................................................................................... 26
References...................................................................................................... 26
Chapter 2
Part 1    Gastrointestinal Tract....................................................................... 29
2.1    Macro- and Microscopic Anatomy of the
Gastrointestinal Tract ........................................................................... 29
2.1.1    The Stomach ............................................................................. 29
2.1.2    The Small Intestine................................................................... 30
2.1.3    The Colon ................................................................................. 32
2.1.4    Absorptive Cells ....................................................................... 32
2.1.5    Tight Junctions.......................................................................... 33
2.1.6    Cellular Membrane ................................................................... 34
2.2    Intestinal Absorption ............................................................................ 35
2.2.1    Positive and Negative Forces ................................................... 35
2.2.2    Drug Absorption Pathways....................................................... 36
2.2.3    Absorption in GI Diseases........................................................ 38
2.2.4    Models of Intestinal Absorption............................................... 40
2.3    Human and Animal GI Tract: A Comparison ..................................... 42
2.3.1    Anatomy.................................................................................... 42
2.3.1.1    The Stomach .............................................................. 42
2.3.1.2    The Small Intestine.................................................... 43
2.3.1.3    The Colon .................................................................. 43
2.3.2    Physiology................................................................................. 45
2.3.2.1    pH and Bile Fluid ...................................................... 45
2.3.2.2    Microflora and Mucin ............................................... 49

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