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xuedong78

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Abstract :
Composting is an effective pretreatment technology for pig manure (PM) land application. However, nitrogen loss through NH3 volatilization during the thermophilic stage is one of the major drawbacks of composting. The presence of Cu and Zn in compost which come from pig feed additives is also a trouble. In this study bamboo charcoal (BC) and bamboo vinegar (BV) were added into composting piles to investigate their effects on nitrogen conservation and immobility of Cu and Zn during PM composting. During composting, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) loss decreased with the increasing amount of BC addition and appropriate combinative addition of BV. After composting, TKN loss could be decreased most by 74% with the addition of 3% BC + 0.4% BV, compared with control. Mobility of Cu and Zn also decreased with the increasing amount of BC. The combinative addition of BV could further enhance the immobilization of Cu and Zn. Mobility of Cu and Zn could be decreased most by 35 and 39%, respectively, with 9% BC addition, compared with control. Results of the experiment indicated that adding of BC or BC + BV into PM composting material could be an effective method to reduce TKN loss and mobility of Cu and Zn.

Conclusions:
The addition of BC or BC + BV into PM composting material influenced the parameter changes. It shorted the time to entering thermophilic phase, decreased pH value at the thermophilic phase, and increased GI of the composting material. Mainly the addition of BC or BC + BV reduced TKN loss and mobility of Cu and Zn in PM composting material. TKN loss could be reduced most by 74% in treatment 3% BC + 0.4% BV. Mobility of Cu and Zn could be reduced most by 35 and 39% in treatment 9% BC. This indicated that the addition of BC or BC + BV into PM composting material were an effective method to reduce negative effects in PM composting.

[ Last edited by qingshaojun0823 on 2009-11-16 at 23:28 ]

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pitlord999

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★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
xuedong78(金币+10,VIP+0):佩服，改得很好，虽然你没看到我的正文，但结合已有信息很好的体现了我的试验结果 9-7 21:21

下面是conclusions部分的修改。

Our experimental results show that addition of BC or BC + BV into PM composting material has a great impact on parameter changes (最好说明一下是什么parameters), and it leads to reduced time to enter the thermophilic phase, decreased pH value at the thermophilic phase, and increased GI of the composting material. The addition of BC or BC + BV is proved to be the dominant factor for reduced TKN loss and mobility of Cu and Zn in PM composting material. The largest loss observed in TKN was 74% in treatment 3% BC + 0.4% BV, whilst the highest reduction in mobility of Cu and Zn was 35% and 39% in treatment 9% BC, respectively. This indicates that the addition of BC or BC + BV into PM composting material is an effective method to reduce negative effects in PM composting.